APA Style Guide

7th edition

With notes for EndNote

1
Contents
Print resources .................................................................................................................................. 6
1. One Author ................................................................................................................................ 6
2. Two authors............................................................................................................................... 6
3. Three to 20 authors ................................................................................................................... 6
4. 21 or more authors .................................................................................................................... 7
5. No author or editor .................................................................................................................... 7
6. An edition other than the first ................................................................................................... 7
7. Corporate author ....................................................................................................................... 8
8. Edited book ............................................................................................................................... 8
9. Single volume in a multi-volume work ....................................................................................... 8
10. Item from encyclopedia or dictionary with author ................................................................... 9
11. Item from encyclopedia or dictionary without an author ......................................................... 9
12. Book in a series ........................................................................................................................ 9
13. Article or chapter in an edited book ....................................................................................... 10
14. A book or article that ............................................................................................................. 10
is quoted in another source – a secondary source ...................................................................... 10
15. Classic works (Bible) ............................................................................................................... 10
16. Commentary .......................................................................................................................... 11
17. Unpublished Dissertation ...................................................................................................... 11
18. Unpublished Manuscript ........................................................................................................ 11
19. Translated book ..................................................................................................................... 12
20. Published conference proceedings ......................................................................................... 12
21. Unpublished conference proceedings .................................................................................... 13
22. Magazine or newspaper article .............................................................................................. 13
23. Pamphlet ............................................................................................................................... 14
24. Brochure ................................................................................................................................ 14
25. Map, graph, table or chart ..................................................................................................... 14
Electronic ........................................................................................................................................ 15
26. One author ............................................................................................................................ 15
27. Two authors........................................................................................................................... 15
28. 3-20 authors .......................................................................................................................... 15
29. 21+ authors ........................................................................................................................... 16
30. No author named................................................................................................................... 16
31. Research report ..................................................................................................................... 17

2
 32. Article from an online periodical ............................................................................................ 17
33. Article from a Nursing database ............................................................................................. 17
34. Electronic book ...................................................................................................................... 18
35. Electronic book from an academic research database ............................................................ 18
36. Online Dictionary ................................................................................................................... 18
37. Dissertation or thesis from a database ................................................................................... 19
38. Dissertation or thesis published online (not in a database) ..................................................... 19
39. Informally published work from ERIC database ...................................................................... 19
40. Brochure ................................................................................................................................ 19
41. Press Release ......................................................................................................................... 20
42. Map, graph, table or chart ..................................................................................................... 20
Web ................................................................................................................................................ 21
43. Webpage ............................................................................................................................... 21
44. Webpage with author but no date ......................................................................................... 21
45. Entire website ........................................................................................................................ 21
46. Image from a webpage with date and creator of image ......................................................... 21
47. Internet document – no date or author.................................................................................. 22
48. Online forum or discussion board posting .............................................................................. 22
49. Blog post................................................................................................................................ 22
50. PowerPoint slides .................................................................................................................. 22
51. Google maps .......................................................................................................................... 23
52. Youtube ................................................................................................................................. 23
53. Podcast .................................................................................................................................. 23
54. Wikipedia entry ..................................................................................................................... 24
55. Tweet .................................................................................................................................... 24
56. Twitter profile ........................................................................................................................ 24
57. Facebook post ....................................................................................................................... 25
58. Facebook page ....................................................................................................................... 25
59. TED talk ................................................................................................................................. 25
60. Clip art or stock image ........................................................................................................... 26
Audiovisual...................................................................................................................................... 27
61. Film or video .......................................................................................................................... 27
62. TV series ................................................................................................................................ 27
63. Episode from a TV series ........................................................................................................ 28
64. Radio broadcast ..................................................................................................................... 28
65. Software ................................................................................................................................ 29

3
 66. Audio recording ..................................................................................................................... 29
67. Mobile app ............................................................................................................................ 30
Legal & Government materials ........................................................................................................ 31
68. Quality Standards .................................................................................................................. 31
69. Board of Studies curriculum ................................................................................................... 31
70. Government Report ............................................................................................................... 32
71. Australian Bureau of Statistics................................................................................................ 32
72. Legislative materials............................................................................................................... 32
73. Statutes (laws and acts) ......................................................................................................... 33
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................. 34
74. Lecture notes and personal communication e.g. interviews, letters, e-mails .......................... 34
75. Course reader ........................................................................................................................ 34
76. A work of art .......................................................................................................................... 34
77. Conference session ................................................................................................................ 35
78. Paper presentation ................................................................................................................ 35
79. Poster presentation ............................................................................................................... 36
NOTES ......................................................................................................................................... 37
1. Principles of Reference List Entries ................................................................................... 37
2. Author ............................................................................................................................. 37
3. In text Citations ................................................................................................................ 37
4. Date .................................................................................................................................... 38
5. Undated web content, blogs, and data ................................................................................ 38
6. Retrieval dates when citing a webpage ............................................................................... 38
7. Title ..................................................................................................................................... 38
8. Edition ................................................................................................................................ 39
9. Publisher ............................................................................................................................ 39
10. Reference list ..................................................................................................................... 39
11. Page numbers ................................................................................................................... 39
12. DOIs and URLs ................................................................................................................. 39
13. Using brackets vs parentheses .......................................................................................... 39

4
 Template: reference list & in-text Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Print
1. One Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. Stanton, B. (2015). Humans of New York: Reference type: Book If an author has more than one
Author Publisher. Stories. St. Martin’s Press. initial, you must include them
Author e.g. Lewis, C. S.
Year
(Surname, Year) (Stanton, 2015) Title
Publisher

2. Two Surname, Initial., & Surname,
authors Initial. (Year). Title: Include
a subtitle if there is one.
Publisher.
(Surname1 & Surname2, Year)
3. Three to Surname1, Initial., Surname2,
20 authors Initial., Surname3, Initial.,
Surname4, Initial.,
Surname5, Initial.,
Surname6, Initial., &
Surname7, Initial. (Year).
Title: Include a subtitle if
there is one. Publisher.
(Surname1 et al., Year)
Edelman, S., & Remond, L. (2017). Good Reference type: Book Use an ampersand (&) rather
thinking: A teenager’s guide to than ‘and.’
managing stress and emotion Author1
using CBT. HarperCollins. Author2 (on a separate line)
Year
(Edelman & Remond, 2017) Title
Publisher
List all authors in reference list. Reference type: Book List ALL authors
Author1 (all authors on
separate lines)
Author2
Author3, etc…
Year
Title
Cite only the first author, followed by et Publisher
al. (Smith et al., 2017)

6
 Template: reference list & in-text
Print
4. 21 or more Surname1, Initial., Surname2,
authors Initial., Surname3, Initial.,
Surname4, Initial.,
Surname5, Initial.,
Surname6, Initial.,
Surname7, Initial.,
Surname8, Initial.,
Surname9., Initial.,
Surname10., Initial.,
Surname19, Initial., . . .
Surname21, Initial. (Year).
Title: Include a subtitle if
there is one. Publisher.
Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
When there are 21 or more authors, Reference type: Book In your reference list, include
include the first 19 authors’ names, insert the first 19 authors’ names,
an ellipsis and then add the final author’s Author1 (all authors listed on then insert an ellipsis and
name. separate lines) add the last author’s name.
Author2
Author3, etc. This is an ellipsis: . . .
Year
Title
Publisher
(Churchill et al., 2011, p. 36)

(Surname1 et. al., Year)

5. No author Title: Include a subtitle if there is Mosby’s medical dictionary. (2009). Reference type: Book As there is no author, the title
or editor one. (Year). Publisher. Mosby/Elsevier. appears in the author position.
Title
(Title, Year). Year
(Mosby’s medical dictionary, 2009). Publisher
6. An edition Surname, Initial. (Year). Title Baum, F. (2016). The new public health Reference type: Book An ordinal number is a number
other than (Ordinal number ed.). (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. defining the position of
the first Publisher. Author something in a series, e.g. 1st,
Year 2nd, 3rd, 4th.
Title
(Surname, Year) (Baum, 2016) Publisher 4th ed. NOT 4th ed. Remove the
Edition (as an ordinal superscript
number- do not include ed.)

7
 Template: reference list & in-text Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Print
7. Corporate Corporate author name. (Year). Department of Education. (2017). New Reference type: Book Put a comma directly after the
author Title. Publisher. URL guidelines. author’s name in Endnote.
https://www.education.gov.au/n Author (Corporate author
(Corporate author name, Year) ewguidelines name)
Year
Title
(Department of Education, 2017) Publisher (omit if the
publisher is the same as the
author)
8. Edited Surname, Initial. (Ed.). (Year). Title. O’Higgins Norman, J. (Ed.). (2014). Reference type: Edited book Ed. = One editor
book Publisher. Education matters: Readings in Eds. = More than one editor
pastoral care for school chaplains, Editor/s (if more than one
guidance counsellors and list on separate lines)
teachers. Veritas. Year
Title
(Editor Surname, Year) (O’Higgins Norman, 2014) Publisher
9. Single Surname, Initial. (Ed.). (Year). Title Ward, A.W., & Waller, A. R. (Eds.). (1932). Reference type: Edited book
volume in a of volume: Vol. no. Title of The Cambridge history of English
multi-volume series. Publisher. literature: Vol. 2. The end of the Editor/s
work Middle Ages. University Press. Year
(Surname, Year) Full title info
(Ward & Waller, 1932). Publisher

8
 Template: reference list & in-text Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Print
10. Item from Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of Graham, G. (2019). Behaviourism. In E. N. Reference type: Book
encyclopedia article. In Initial. Surname Zalta (Ed.)., The Stanford section
or dictionary (Ed.), Encyclopedia title encyclopedia of philosophy
with author (ed. If needed). Publisher. (Summer 2019 ed.). Stanford Author/s
URL University. Year
https://plato.stanford.edu/archiv Title (of article)
es/sum2019/ Editor/s
Edition (if required)
(Surname, Year) (Zalta, 2019) Book title
Publisher
URL
11. Item from Title of article. (Year). Initial. German army. (1984). In J. Keegan (Ed.), Reference type: Book
encyclopedia Surname (Ed.), The Rand McNally encyclopedia section Manually add speech marks to
or dictionary Encyclopedia title (pp. of World War II (pp. 99-102). in-text reference prior to
without an numbers). Publisher. Colporteur Press. Author (this is the title of submitting if needed.
author article with a comma directly
(“German army,” 1984, p. 101) after it)
(“Title,” Year) Year
Editor
Book title
Pages
Publisher
12. Book in a Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. Nicholas, P. (2004). Soil, irrigation and Reference type: Book
series Publisher. DOI if required nutrition. South Australian Resource
and Development Institute. Author
(Surname, Year) Year
(Nicholas, 2004) Title of work
Institution

9
 Template: reference list & in-text
Print
13. Article or Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of
chapter in an book chapter. In Initial.
edited book Surname (Ed.), Name of
book (page range of
chapter). Publisher.
(Surname, Year)
14. A book or You have read a journal article
article that written by George Parker. In the
is quoted in article, George Parker includes a
another quote from a book authored by
source – a James Little (which you have not
secondary used in your own research). You
source would like to include James Little’s
quote in your own paper, but you
do not have access to his book,
Short problems. Include the journal
in your reference list and refer to
the book in your citation.
15. Classic Version used. (Year). Publisher.
works (Bible) URL if needed (Original
work published Year)
Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Lett, W. (1989). Creativity and giftedness. Reference type: Book
In P. Langford (Ed.), Educational section
psychology (pp. 64- 89). Longman
Cheshire. Author of chapter
Year
Title of chapter
Editor of book
(Lett, 1989) Book title
Publisher
Pages
For example: Insert a citation as normal and
Little mentions in his book Short problems then go to Edit and manage
that “many people have issues with being citations. Add the words “as
too short” (as cited in Parker, 2009). cited in” to the Prefix of the
citation. Make
The journal article by George Parker must sure you put a space after ‘in’.
be in your reference list.
King James Bible. (2017). Remnant. Reference type: Book
(Original work published 1769)
Year
(King James Bible, 1769/2017, 1 Cor. 13:1) Title
Publisher
URL (if required)
Original publication
10
 Template: reference list & in-text Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Print
16. Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. In Longnecker, R. N. (1981). Acts. In F. E. Reference type: Book
Commentary Initial. Surname (Ed.), Title Gæbelein (Ed.), The expositor’s section
of commentary (Vol. no. Bible commentary with the New
Title, pages). Publisher. International Version (Vol. 9. John Author
and Acts, pp. 205-573). Year
(Surname, Year). Zondervan. Title
Editor
(Longnecker, 1981) Book title
Place published
Publisher
Volume (enter name and
number here)
Pages

17. Surname, Initial. (Year). Title Wilfley, D. E. (1989). Interpersonal Reference type: Select Unpublished Work as the
Unpublished [Unpublished doctoral analyses of bulimia: Normal- Unpublished work Reference Type. Enter
Dissertation dissertation]. University weight and obesity [Unpublished ‘Unpublished doctoral
name. doctoral dissertation]. University Author dissertation’ in the Type of
of Missouri. Year Work field.
Title of work
(Surname, Year) (Wilfley, 1989) Institution
Type of work
18. Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. Blackwell, E., & Conrod, P. J. (2003). A Reference type: Enter ‘Unpublished manuscript’
Unpublished [Unpublished manuscript]. five-dimensional measure of Unpublished work in the Type of Work field
Manuscript Department, University drinking motives [Unpublished
name. manuscript]. Department of Author/s
Psychology, University of British Year
Columbia. Title of work
Institution
(Surname, Year) (Blackwell & Conrod, 2003, p.5) Type of work

11
 Template: reference list & in-text Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Print
19. Surname, Initial. (Year). Title Bringmann, K. (2007). A history of the Reference type: Book
Translated (Initial. Surname, Trans.). Roman republic (W. J. Smyth, Include (Original work
book Publisher. (Original work Trans.). Polity Press. (Original Author published and the year) in the
published Year) work published 2002) Year publisher field.
Title
(Surname, Year) Publisher
(Bringmann, 2007) Translator

20. Published Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. In
conference Initial. Surname (Ed.), Title
proceedings of book. Paper presented
at The Conference Name,
Where it was held, State or
Country, Day and Month
conference was held (page
range). City or Suburb of
Publication, State or
Country of Publication:
Publisher.
(Surname, Year)
Wilkinson, R. (1999). Sociology as a
marketing feast. In M. Collis, L.
Munro, & S. Russell (Eds.),
Sociology for the New
Millennium. Paper presented at
The Australian Sociological
Association, Monash University,
Melbourne, 7-10 December (pp.
281-289). Churchill, Australia:
Celts.
(Wilkinson, 1999)
Reference type: Book Include this information in the
section publisher field: Paper presented
at The Conference Name,
Author/s Where it was held, State or
Year Country, Day and Month
Title conference was held (page
Editor/s range). City or Suburb of
Book title Publication, State or Country of
Publisher Publication.

12
 Template: reference list & in-text Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Print
21. Surname, Initial. (Year, Month Gidley, V. (2000, October). Working Reference type: Conference To remove ‘October, go to Edit
Unpublished conference held). Title. together to make the dream a proceedings & Manage Citations in Word,
conference Paper presented at the reality. Paper presented at the exclude date, and type ‘2000’ in
proceedings Conference Name, City or ATSIM Indigenous Health Author suffix. Put a space before 2000.
Suburb of Conference, Conference, Wahroonga, Year (include month and day
State or Country of Australia. here) Manually add italics for paper
Conference. Title title
(Gidley, 2000) Conference name (include
(Surname, Year) Paper presented at the
before conference name)
Conference location

22. Magazine Surname, Initial. (Year, Month
or newspaper Day). Title of article. Title
article of Magazine, volume(issue
if given), pages. URL if
needed
(Surname, Year)
Tolson, J. (2005, October 4). The battle Reference type: Magazine To remove ‘October’, go to Edit
that changed the world. U.S. article & Manage Citations in Word,
News and World Report, 139, 56– exclude date, and type ‘2005’ in
65. Author suffix. Put a space before 2005.
Year, Month
Title of article
Title of Magazine
(Tolson, 2005, p. 60) Volume
Issue
Pages

13
 Template: reference list & in-text Examples: Reference list and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Print
23. Pamphlet Surname, Initial. (Year). Title Gable, S. (2008). Nurturing children’s Reference type:
[Pamphlet]. Publisher. talents [Pamphlet]. University of Web page
Missouri.
Author
(Surname, Year) (Gable, 2008) Year
Title
Publisher ([Pamphlet]. and
publisher here)
URL
24. Brochure Surname, Initial. (Year). Title California Board of Psychology. (2005). Reference type:
[Brochure]. URL For your peace of mind Web page
[Brochure].
(Surname, Year) http://www.Psychboard.ca.gov/f Author
ormspubs/brochure.pdf Year
Title
(California Board of Psychology, 2005) Publisher (include
[Brochure] here)
URL
25. Map, Surname, Initial. (Year). Title Magocsi, P. R. (2003). Population Reference type: Format = map, graph, table,
graph, table [Format]. Publisher. movements, 1944-1948 [Map]. Web page chart, etc.
or chart University of Washington Press.
Author
Year
(Surname, Year). (Magocsi, 2003) Title
Publisher (include format
e.g. [Map]. and publisher
here)
URL

14
 Template Examples: references and in-text Endnote fields Notes
Electronic
26. One Surname, Initial. Crispin, G. (1996). Trial by fire. Pottery in Australia, Reference type:
author (Year). Title of 35(3), 8-10. https://doi.org/10.1137.rrv0000126 Journal article
article. Title of
Journal, Author
volume(issue), Year
pages. DOI or Title of article
URL Title of Journal
Volume
(Surname, Year) (Crispin, 1996) Issue
Pages
DOI or URL
27. Two Surname1, Initial., & Watts, M., & Walstad, W. (2010). Economic Reference type:
authors Surname2, education in an international context. Journal article
Initial. (Year). Journal of Economic Education, 41(4), 410.
Title of article. Author1 (all
https://doi.org/10.1137.rrv0000126
Title of authors on
Journal, separate lines)
volume(issue), Author2
(Watts & Walstad, 2010)
pages. DOI or Year
URL Title of article
Title of Journal
Volume
Issue
(Surname1 & Pages
Surname2, DOI or URL
Year)

28. 3-20 List all authors O'Connell, P., Pepler, D., & Craig, W. (1999). Peer Reference type:
authors involvement in bullying: Insights and challenges Journal article
for intervention. Journal of Adolescence,
22(4), 437-452. https://doi.org/10.1137.rrv0000126 Author1 (all
authors on
(Surname1 et al., Year) separate lines)

15
 Author2
(O’Connell et al., 1999, p. 432) Author3, etc…
Year
Title of article
Title of Journal
Volume
Issue
Pages
DOI or URL
29. 21+ List first 19 authors, Liu, Y., Zhou, J., Yang, H., Yao, W., Bu, W., Yang, B., Brown, W., Black, T., Reference type: List ALL the
authors then . . . Last Baker, M., Cox, A., Cox, E., Blake, K., Threadgate, R., Boatswain, E., Journal article authors. EndNote
Surname, Hemingway, L., Price, E., Baker, Y., Melville, E., David, R., . . . Wang, will arrange these
Initial. (Year). X. (2007). Susceptibility and transmissibility of pigeons to Asian Author1 (all in the correct
Title of article. lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1. authors on format for you.
Title of Avian Pathology, 36(6), 461-465. separate lines)
Journal, https://doi.org/10.1137.rrv0000126 Author2
volume(issue), Author3, etc…
pages. DOI or Year
URL Title of article
Title of Journal
Volume
(Surname1 et al., Year) Issue
(Liu et al., 2007, p. 463)
Pages
DOI/URL

30. No Title of article. (Year). A rose is a rose is a rose: Bullying in all of its Reference type:
author Title of disguises. (2011). Journal of Psychosocial Nursing Journal article
named Journal, & Mental Health Services, 49(10), 6-7.
volume(issue), https://doi.org/10.1137.rrv0000126 Year
pages. DOI or Title of article
URL ("A rose is a rose is a rose," 2011, p. 6) Title of Journal
Volume Issue

16
 (“Title of article,” Pages
Year) DOI/URL

31. Research Author. (Year). Title. Australian Government Productivity Commission & New Zealand Reference type:
report URL Productivity Commission. (2012). Strengthening trans-Tasman Web page
economic relations.
(Author, Year) https://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/completed/australia-new- Author
zealand/report/trans-tasman.pdf Year
Title
(Australian Government Productivity Commission & New Zealand URL
Productivity Commission, 2012)
32. Article Surname, Initial. Petrys, D. (2011). Ensuring vaccine safety. Health Voices, 9(10), 12. Reference type:
from an (Year). Title of https://www.dhf.org.au//Hepdfs/chf/Voices-October-2011.pdf Electronic article
online article. Title of
periodical Journal, Author/s
volume(issue), Year
pages. URL or Title of article
DOI Periodical title- title
of journal
(Surname, Year) (Petrys, 2011, p. 12) Volume
Issues
( Pages
URL/DOI

33. Article Surname, Initial. Komusky, J., & Schub, T. (2013). Abdominal aortic aneurysm. CINAHL Reference type: Remove italics
from a (Year). Title. Nursing Guide. Web page from title of article.
Nursing Title of http://ezproxy.rasmussen.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.c
database Database. URL om/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nup&AN=T704248&site=eds-live Author
Year
(Surname, Year) (Komusky & Schub, 2013) Title
Publisher
(Database title
goes here)

17
 (Surname, Year) URL
34. Electronic Surname, Initial. Storey, K. (2004). Functional metabolism: Regulation and adaptation. Reference type:
book (Year). Title. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/avondale/docDetail.action?docID=1011413 Electronic book
Publisher if no 2
DOI or URL. Author/s
DOI or URL Year
Title
URL
(Surname, Year) (Storey, 2004)

35. Electronic Surname, Initial. Burgess, R. (2019). Rethinking global health: Frameworks of power. Reference type:
book from an (Year). Title. Routledge. Electronic book
academic Publisher
research Author/s
database Year
(Surname, Year) (Burgess, 2019) Title
Publisher
(database title goes
here)
36. Online Author. (Year). Entry American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Positive transference. In APA Reference type:
Dictionary title. In Title. dictionary of psychology. Retrieved August 31, 2019, from Web page
Retrieved https://www.merriam-webster/dictionary/self-report
Month Day, Author
Year, from (American Psychological Association, n.d.) Year
URL Title
Publisher (include
the word In and
make the title
(Author, Year) italicised)
Access date
URL

18
37. Surname, Initial. Hollander, M. M. (2017). Resistance to authority: Methodological Reference type: Manually add
Dissertation (Year). Title innovations and new lessons from the Milgram experiment Thesis square bracket
or thesis (Publication (Publication No. 10289373) [Doctoral dissertation, University of around degree and
from a No.). [Type of Wisconsin-Madison]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global. Author University if
database dissertation, Year required
University Title
name]. University
Database. Document number
Name of database
(Surname, Year) (Hollander, 2017)

38. Surname, Initial. Hutcheson, V. H. (2012). Dealing with dual differences [Master’s thesis, The Reference type: Manually add
Dissertation (Year). Title College of William & Mary]. William & Mary Digital Archive. Thesis square bracket
or thesis [Type of https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/bitstream/handle/10288/16594/Hu around degree and
published dissertation, tchesonVirginia2012.pdf Author University if
online (not in University Year required
a database) name]. Name Title
of website. University
URL (Hutcheson, 2012) Name of database
URL
(Surname, Initial)
39. Surname, Initial. Ho, H. (2014). Teacher preparation for early childhood special education in Reference type: Manually remove
Informally (Year). Title. Taiwan (ED545393). ERIC. Thesis ‘publication
published ERIC. URL https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED545393.pdf number’
work from Author
ERIC Year
database Title
Document number
URL
Name of database
40. Brochure Surname, Initial. California Board of Psychology. (2005). For your peace of mind [Brochure]. Reference type:
(Year). Title http://www.Psychboard.ca.gov/formspubs/brochure.pdf Web page

19
 [Brochure]. Author
URL Year
(California Board of Psychology, 2005) Title
(Surname, Year) Publisher
([Brochure] to go
here)
URL
41. Press Surname, Initial. NSW Department of Primary Industries. (2008, November 14). NSW helps Reference type: To remove
Release (Year, Month Tasmania put the lid on foxes [Press release]. Press Release ‘November 14’, go
Day). Title http://dpi.nsw.gov.au to Edit & Manage
[Press Author Citations in Word,
Release]. URL Year (month, day) exclude date, and
Title type ‘2008’ in
(Surname, Year) (NSW Department of Primary Industries, 2008, para. 5) Type of Work suffix. Put a space
URL before 2008.
42. Map, Author. (Year). Title Cable, D. (2013). The racial dot map [Map]. University of Virginia, Weldon Reference type: Format = map,
graph, table [Format]. Cooper Center for Public Service. Web page graph, table, chart,
or chart Publisher. URL https://demographics.coopercenter.org/Racial-Dot-Map etc.
Author
Year
(Surname, Year). (Cable, 2013). Title
Publisher (include
[Map]. here)
URL

20
 Template Examples: references & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Web
43. Author. (Year, Month and day World Health Organization. (2018, March). Reference type: Webpage Do not put a full stop at
Webpage if available). Title. URL Questions and answers on immunization the end of the URL
and vaccine safety. Author/s
https://www.who.int/features/qa/84/e Year Remove the month from
n/ Title your in-text citations
URL
(Author, Year) (World Health Organization, 2018)
44. Surname, Initial. (n.d.). Title. Field, E. M. (n.d.). Bully blocking. Bullying. Reference type: Webpage n.d. stands for “no date”
Webpage Website name. URL http://www.bullying.com.au
with author Author/s
but no date (Surname, Year) (Field, n.d.) n.d. in Year field
Title
Publisher (name of website)
URL
45. Entire When citing an entire website e.g. “The Australian Institute of Architects n/a
website (and not a specific document enhances the professional standards of
on that site), no Reference List architects and provides support and
entry is required if the encouragement to its members
address for the site is given in (http://www.architecture.com.au/).”
the text of your paper.
46. Image Surname, Initial. (Year). Name Eisele, I. (2014). Lady in hat [Photograph]. Ilse Reference type: Web page Include the format, e.g.
from a of image Eisele. photograph, image,
webpage [Photograph]. http://www.ilseeisele.com/Portraits/Por Author (artist goes here) painting, etc. in square
with date Website name. URL traits/i-4mbd7h8/A Year brackets.
and creator Title
of image (Surname, Year) (Eisele, 2014) Publisher ([Photograph].
Website name goes here)
URL

21
 Template Examples: references & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Web
47. Internet Title of article. (n.d.). GVU’s 8th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved Reference type: Webpage Please consider if this is
document – Retrieved Month Day May 2, 2019, from an appropriate scholarly
no date or from URL http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/user_sur Title resource.
author veys/survey-1997-10/ Year (n.d.)
(“Title,” n.d.) Access date (Month Day, Year)
(“GVU’s 8th WWW user survey,” n.d., para.2) URL

48. Online Surname, Initial. (Year, Month Frook, B. D. (1999, July 23). New inventions in Reference type: Web page
forum or Year). Title of post the cyberworld of toylandia [Online To remove ‘July 23’, go
discussion [Online forum post]. forum post]. Earthlink. Author to Edit & Manage
board Website. URL http://groups.earthlink.com/forum/mes Year (Month and Day) Citations in Word,
posting sages/25.html Title exclude date, and type
Publisher (include [Online ‘1999’ in suffix. Put a
(Frook, 1999) forum post].) space before 1999.
(Surname, Year) URL
49. Blog Name. (Year, Month Day). Klymkowsky, M. (2018, September 15). Can we Reference type: Blog Manually remove month
post Title. Website. URL. talk scientifically about free will? Sci-Ed. and day from in-text
https://blogs.plos.org/scied/2018/09/15 Author (may be a screen citations.
/can-we-talk-scientifically-about-free- name)
will/ Year (include month and day)
Title of entry
(Name, Year) (Klymkowsky, 2018) Title of Weblog
URL
50. Surname, Initial. (Year). Title Heise, L. (2010). Christian living [PowerPoint Reference type: Web page
PowerPoint of presentation slides]. Moodle.
slides [PowerPoint slides]. http://moodle.avondale.edu/au/ Author
Moodle. URL view.php?id=997 Year
Title (italicise)
Publisher ([PowerPoint slides].
(Surname, Year) (Heise, 2010) Moodle) goes here
URL

22
 Template Examples: references & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Web
51. Google Google. (n.d.). [Google Maps Google. (n.d.). [Google Maps directions for Reference type: Web page Manually remove italics
maps directions for City, driving from Ingolstadt, Germany, to in title before submitting
Country to City, Geneva, Switzerland]. Retrieved Author (Google)
Country]. Retrieved September 28, 2018, from Year (n.d.)
Month Day, Year, https://goo.gl/maps/ILt80 Title (in square brackets)
from URL URL

(Google, n.d.) (Google, n.d.)

52. Youtube Publisher. (Year, Month Day). Insanity88. (2007, March 13). Arranged Reference type: Web page Adjust Endnote fields in-
Title [Video]. marriage funny commercial [Video]. text so that only name
YouTube. URL YouTube. http://www.youtube.com Author and date (not month and
/watch?v=b5HLsvwLPpQ&feature Date (include month and day) day) are showing.
=context-vrec Title
Publisher ([Video]. YouTube
goes here)
(Publisher, Year) (Insanity88, 2007) URL
53. Podcast Surname, Initial. (Producer or Van Nuys, D. (Producer). (2007, December 19). Reference type: Podcast
Host). (Year, Month Shrink rap radio (No. 45) [Audio podcast Adjust Endnote fields in-
Day). Title (No. of episode]. In Shrink rap radio. Author text so that only
episode) [Audio http://www.shrinkrapradio.com/ Year (month, day) Producer name and date
podcast episode]. In Title of podcast are showing.
Podcast title. URL Title of show
Number
(Surname, Year) (Van Nuys, 2007) Type (Audio podcast episode)
URL

23
 Template Examples: references & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Web
54. Title of article. (Year, Month Global warming. (2009, January 1). In Wikipedia. Reference type: Web page
Wikipedia Day). In Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_wa Due to the nature of a
entry URL rming Year (Month, Day) wiki, there is no author
Title listed, so the entry title
Publisher (use italics) goes in place of the
(“Title of article,” Year) (“Global warming,” 2009) URL author.

Manually add ‘In’ before

the word Wikipedia
before submitting
55. Tweet Author [Twitter handle]. Badlands National Park [@BadlandsNPS]. (2018, Reference type: Web page Remove day and month
(Year, Month Day). February 26). Biologists have identified from in-text reference.
Title [Tweet]. Twitter. more than 400 different plant species Author (include Twitter
URL growing in @BadlandsNPS #DYK handle) Remove full stop after
#biodiversity [Tweet]. Twitter. Year (Month, Day) title if needed.
https://twitter.com/BadlandsNPS/status Title
/968196500412133379 Publisher (include [Tweet].
Twitter here)
(Author, Year). (Badlands National Park, 2018) URL
56. Twitter Author [Twitter handle]. APA Style [@APA_Style]. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter Reference type: Web page
profile (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter profile]. Retrieved November 1, 2019, Remove full stop after
profile]. Retrieved from https://twitter.com/APA_Style Author title if needed.
Month Day, Year, Year (n.d.)
from URL Title
Publisher (include [Twitter
(Author, n.d.) (APA Style, n.d.) profile] here)
Access date (Month Day, Year)
URL

24
 Template Examples: references & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Web
57. Author. (Year, Month Day). News From Science. (2018, June 26). These frogs Reference type: Web page Remove day and month
Facebook Title [Video]. walk instead of hop: from in-text reference.
post Facebook. URL https://scim.ag/2KlriwH [Video]. Author
Facebook. Year (Month, Day) Remove full stop after
https://www.facebook.com/ScienceNO Title title if needed.
W/videos/10155508587605108/ Publisher (include
[Video/Post]. Facebook here)
(Author, Year) (News From Science, 2018) URL
58. Author. (n.d.). Home Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Reference type: Web page
Facebook [Facebook page]. Biology Institute. (n.d.). Home Remove full stop after
page Facebook. Retrieved [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved Author title if needed.
Month Day, Year from July 22, 2019, from Year (n.d.)
URL https://www.facebook.com/nationalzoo Title
Publisher (include [Facebook
page]. Facebook here)
(Author, n.d.) (Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Access date (Month Day, Year)
Biology Institute, n.d.) URL
59. TED talk Surname, Initial. (Year, Giertz, S. (2018, April). Why you should make Reference type: Web page Remove month from in-
Month). Title [Video]. useless things [Video]. TED Conferences. text reference.
TED Conference. URL https://www.ted.com/talks/simone_gie Author
rtz_why_you_should_make_useless_thi Year (Month) Remove full stop after
ngs Title title if needed.
Publisher (include [Video]. TED
(Surname, Year) (Giertz, 2018) Conferences here)
URL

25
 Template Examples: references & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Web
60. Clip art Author. (Year). Title [Clip art]. GDJ. (2018). Neural network deep learning Reference type: Web page Remove full stop after
or stock Website name. URL prismatic [Clip art]. Openclipart. title if needed.
image https://openclipart.org/detail/309343/n Author
eural-network-deep-learning-prismatic Year
Title
(Author, Year) (GDJ, 2018) Publisher (include [Clipart].
and publisher here)
URL

26
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote Notes
Audiovisual fields
61. Film or Surname, Initial. (Director). Forman, M. (Director). (1975). One flew over the cuckoo’s nest Reference
video (Year). Title [Film]. [Film]. United Artists. type: Film or
Production company. broadcast

(Surname, Year) (Forman, 1975) Director

Title
Year released
Include
Director).
(year
Distributor
Medium

SuTV
62. Simon, D., Colesberry, R. F., & Kostroff Noble, N. (Executive Reference Manually add
series Surname, Initial. (Executive Producers). (2002-2008). The wire [TV series]. Blown type: Film or roles (e.g.
Producers). (Year/s). Deadline Productions; HBO. Broadcast Executive
Title [TV series]. Producers) in
Production company; Director reference list
Channel aired. Year
Title
(Surname, Year) (Simon, et al., 2002-2008) Distributor
Medium

27
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote Notes
Audiovisual fields
63. Episode Surname, Initial. (Writer), & Barris, K. (Writer & Director). (2017, January 11). Lemons (Season 3, Reference Manually remove
from a TV Surname, Initial. Episode 12) [TV series episode]. In K. Barris, J. Groff, A. type: month and day
series (Director). (Year, Anderson, E. B. Dobbins, L. Fishburne, & H. Sugland Television from in-text
Month Day). Title of (Executive Producers), Black-ish. Wilmore Films; Artists episode citation
episode (Season, First; Cinema Gypsy Productions; ABC Studios.
Episode) [TV series Producer Manually add
episode]. In Initial. Year (Month, roles (e.g. Writer
Surname (Producer), day) & Director) in
Title of TV series. Title reference list
Publisher. Series
Director
(Surname of writer & Surname (Barris, 2017) Episode Title
of director, Year) Distributor
Episode No.
Season
64. Radio Surname, Initial. (Year, Month Murrow, E. R. (1940, September 13). The bombing of London [Radio Reference
broadcast Day). Title [Radio broadcast]. WCBS. https://wcbs.com type: Adjust Endnote
broadcast]. Publisher. Film or fields in-text so
URL Broadcast that only name
and date (not
(Surname, Year) (Murrow, 1940) Director month and day)
Year released are showing.
(include
month and
day)
Title
Distributor
Medium
(Radio
broadcast)
URL

28
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote Notes
Audiovisual fields
65. Programmer. (Year). Name of Borenstein, M., Hedges, L., Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2014). Reference Reference entries
Software software (Version of Comprehensive meta-analysis (version 3.3.070). [Computer type: are not necessary
software) [Computer software]. Biostat. https://www.meta-analysis.com/ Computer for standard
software]. Company program software and
that produces it. URL programming
Programmer languages, such
(Surname, Year) (Borenstein et al., 2014) Year as Microsoft
Title Word, Excel, or
Type PowerPoint. In
Version text, give the
Publisher proper name of
URL the software,
along with the
version number.

Manually remove
the word ‘In.’
66. Audio Artist name. (Year). Title Beyonce. (2016). Formation [Song]. On Lemonade. Parkwood; Reference
recording [Song]. On Name of Columbia. type: Music
album. Producer.
Composer
(artist name)
Year
(Surname, Year, track no.) (Beyonce, 2016) Title
Album title
Publisher
Form of item

29
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote Notes
Audiovisual fields
67. Mobile Author. (Year). Title (Version) Epocrates. (2019). Epocrates medical references (Version 18.12) Reference Manually remove
app [Mobile app]. Website [Mobile app]. App Store. type: the word ‘In.’
name. URL https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/epocrates/id281935788?mt=8 Computer
program
(Author, Year) (Epocrates, 2019)
Programmer
Year
Title
Publisher
(include
[Mobile app].
App Store
here)
Version
URL

30
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Legal &
Government
materials
68. Quality Organisation That Made the International Organization for Standardization. Reference type: Web page
Standards Standard. (Year). (2016). Occupational health and safety
Title (Standard No. management systems- Requirements Author (corporate author)
???). URL with guidance for use (ISO/DIS Standard Year
No. 45001). Title
https://www.iso.org/standard/63787.ht Publisher (include ISO/DIS
ml standard no. here in brackets)
URL
(Organisation, Year) (International Organisation for Standardisation
[ISO], 2016)

(ISO, 2016)
69. Board of Corporate author. (Year). Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Reference type: Webpage
Studies Title. URL Standards NSW (BOSTES). (2012). NSW
curriculum Syllabus for the Australian curriculum Author
English K – 10. Year
http://syllabus.bostes.nsw.edu.au/engli Title (include subtitle if
sh/english-k10/ required)
URL
(Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational
(Organisation, Year) Standards NSW [BOSTES], 2012)

(BOSTES, 2012)

31
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Legal &
Government
materials
70. Corporate author name. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Reference type: Web page Manually remove full
Government (Year). Title (1992). Pressure ulcers in adults: stop after title if
Report (Publication No.). Prediction and prevention (AHCPR Author needed.
Publisher if different Publication No. 92-0047). Year
to author. URL https://usdhahs.com.au Title
Publisher (No. goes here)
(Author, Year) (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, URL
1992)
71. Australian Australian Bureau of Australia Bureau of Statistics. (2017). Recorded Reference type: Web page The number is noted
Bureau of Statistics. (Year). crime: Victims (No. 4510.0). in the title of each
Statistics Title of page (No. of http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@. Author statistic.
stat). URL nsf/mf/4510.0 Year
Title Manually remove full
First in-text citation: Publisher (No. goes here) stop after title if
(Australian Bureau of (Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2017) URL needed.
Statistics [ABS], Subsequent citations:
Year) (ABS, 2017)
72. For information on
Legislative preparing legal
materials references, consult
The Bluebook: A
Uniform System of
Citation

32
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Legal &
Government
materials
73. Statutes Name of Act, Title § Source For further
(laws and Section Number information on
acts) (Year). URL preparing legal
references, consult
The Bluebook: A
(Name of Act, Year) Uniform System of
Citation

33
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Miscellaneous
74. Lecture Personal communication may be For a lecture given by Dr Ross Cole: n/a
notes and unpublished lecture notes, letters, “Job’s trials …. “ (R. Cole, personal
personal memos, personal interviews, communication, March 14, 2012)
communication telephone conversations, e-mail or
e.g. interviews, messages etc. They are only cited
letters, e-mails within the text and not included in the
Reference List.
75. Course Your course reader is made up of n/a For example, if it is a
reader different types of sources. Do not journal article within
reference the reader as a whole. Cite the reader, it should
them according to the source. be cited as a journal
article.
76. A work of art Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of artwork Hopper, E. (1930). Early Sunday Reference type: Artwork
[Artwork medium]. Where the morning [Oil on canvas].
artwork is found, City or Whitney Museum of American Artist
Suburb where the artwork is Art, New York, NY. Year
found, State or Country where Title of artwork
artwork is found. URL if Place published
applicable. Type of work
(Hopper, 1930)
(Surname, Year)

34
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Miscellaneous
77. Conference Surname, Initial. (Year, Month Day/s). Fistek, A., Jester, E., & Sonnenberg, K. Reference type: Remove full stop after
session Title [Conference session]. (2017, July 12-15). Everybody’s Conference proceedings paper title if needed.
Conference name, City, State, got a little music in them: Using
Country. URL music therapy to connect, Author Manually add URL if
engage, and motivate Year (Month and days of required.
[Conference session]. Autism conference)
Society National Conference, Title (in italics)
Milwaukee, WI, United States. Conference name
https://asa.con- (include [Conference
fex.com/asa/2017/webprogra session]. before
marchives/Session9517.html conference name)
Conference location
(Author, Year) (Fistek et al., 2017)
78. Paper Surname, Initial. (Year, Month Day/s). Maddox, S., Hurling, J., Stewart, E., & Reference type: Remove full stop after
presentation Title [Paper presentation]. Edwards, A. (2016, March 30- Conference proceedings paper title if needed.
Conference name, City, State, April 2). If mama ain’t happy,
Country. URL nobody’s happy: The effect of Author Manually add URL if
parental depression on mood Year (Month and days of required.
dysregulation in children [Paper conference)
presentation]. Southeastern Title (in italics)
Psychological Association 62nd Conference name
Annual Meeting, New Orleans, (include [Paper
LA, United States. presentation]. before
(Author, Year) conference name)
(Maddox et al., 2016) Conference location

35
 Template Examples: referencing & in-text Endnote fields Notes
Miscellaneous
79. Poster Surname, Initial. (Year, Month Day/s). Pearson, J. (2018, September 27-30). Reference type: Remove full stop after
presentation Title [Poster presentation]. Fat talk and its effects on state- Conference proceedings poster title if needed.
Conference name, City, State, based body image in women
Country. URL if required [Poster presentation]. Author Manually add URL if
Australian Psychological Society Year (Month and days of required.
Congress, Sydney, NSW, conference)
Australia. Title (in italics)
Conference name
(include [Poster
(Surname, Year) (Pearson, 2018) presentation]. before
conference name)
Conference location

36
 NOTES
1. Principles of Reference List Entries
A reference generally has four elements: author, date, title, and source. Each element answers a question:

 Author: Who is responsible for this work?

 Date: When was this work published?
 Title: What is the work called?
 Source: Where can I retrieve this work?
Considering these four elements and answering these four questions will help you create a reference for
any type of work.

2. Author
 If an author has a suffix such as Junior or II in the name, list it as Beech, R., Jnr. in your reference list,
but not in the in-text citation (Beech, 2014).
 If the first name is hyphenated retain the hyphen (Lamour, J. –B., for Jean-Baptiste Lamour).
 If authors have the same surname and first initial - in the reference list them as:

Smith, P. [Peter].

Smith, P. [Patty].

The in-text citation would be (Peter Smith, 2009; Patty Smith, 2014). Of course if there is a second initial e.g.
P. R. Smith and P. T. Smith, this is not necessary.

 List the authors in the order in which they appear e.g. Smith, J., Brady, P., & Johns, T. Keep them in the
same order in the in-text citation BUT arrange authors alphabetically within the in-text citation.
(Cummins, 2009; Smith, Brady, & Johns, 2005; Ward & Evans, 2013).
 When numerous layers of government agencies are listed as the author, use the most specific agency
(e.g. use National Institute of Nursing Research rather than U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Nursing Research.

3. In text Citations
 For a work with three or more authors, include the name of only the first author plus et al. in every in-
text citation.
 If the work has no author, cite the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the
year. Use quotation marks for the title of an article, chapter or webpage and italicize the title of a
periodical, book, brochure or report e.g. (“Short-term memory,” 2010) or (Journal of Entertainment,
2001)
 Two or more works in the same parentheses: Order them alphabetically, separated by a semi-colon
(Jones, 2002; Smith, 2004; Trang, 2001).
 Authors with the same last name: Use first initials with the last names (E. Martin, 2010; L. Martin,
2011)
 Two or more works by the same author in the same year: Use lower-case letters (a, b, c) after the year
to arrange the reference list entries. Use the lower-case letters with the year in the citation e.g.
Research by Carter (2000a) showed that … or (Carter, 2000a; Carter, 2000b)
 Two works by the same author in different years: Arrange by year of publication e.g. (Myers, 1998,
2003)

37
 Anonymous: If a work is listed as “Anonymous” the citation and reference list will both cite as such e.g.
(Anonymous, 2005)
 Use & NOT and e.g. (Jones & Smith, 2014)
 If quoting word-for-word from a resource, those words must be enclosed in quotation marks if the
quote has fewer than 40 words. Seek help from a Reference Librarian or Tutor, to ensure you are
quoting correctly.

4. Date
 Use date of copyright shown on the work’s copyright page as the date of publication.
 Dates for magazines, newspaper and newsletters must be entered as (Year, Month day) where known,
with the month spelled out in full e.g. (2012, March 16) or (2008, May). The in-text citation will only
include the year (Black, 2012).
 If there is no date of publication use the abbreviation (n.d.). Use this in your citation as well e.g. (Zahid,
n.d.)
 Works by the same author are arranged date, starting with the earliest date ie 1993, 2001, 2009 etc.
 Works published by the same author in the same year are arranged alphabetically by title and are
distinguished from each other by using a, b, etc in the dates: Smith, D. (2006a)… Smith, D. (2006b)…
or (Smith, 2006a; Smith, 2006b)
 Revised edition should be abbreviated to Rev. ed. and Abridged edition to Abr. ed.
Second edition, revised and enlarged would just be 2nd ed.
 If the book is a reprint of an older book, use the date and details of the item you are using and
reference it as:
Kimmel, A. J. (2007). Ethical issues in behavioural research: Basic and applied perspectives. Malden, MA.
Blackwell. (Original work published 1966) *Note: there is no period after the parenthesis.

5. Undated web content, blogs, and data

The goal of a citation is to give the reader a clear path to the material you have used. For electronic and
online materials, include stable URL, DOI, or database name. Include the author, title and date
published when available. For undated material, include the date the resource was accessed.

6. Retrieval dates when citing a webpage

Include a retrieval date when citing an unarchived work that is likely or meant to change, such as a
dictionary entry, Twitter profile, Google Map, work on a website that updates frequently, etc. When
there is an archived and easily retrievable permalink, a retrieval date is not required.

7. Title
 Captialise only the first letter and the first letter after a colon, or any proper nouns e.g. Western stories
of American pioneers: A history BUT if quoting the title in your assignment you will capitalise every word
e.g. When Western Stories of American Pioneers: A History was first published it was …
 If a title has more than one section use a colon, then a semi-colon.
e.g. Deception: Stories from the inside; A case study
 Do not begin a title with a number.
e.g. The 3 horses from the 21st century is correct
3 black horses in the 21st century is not correct. Change to:
Three black horses in the 21st century.
 Include both titles and subtitles, no matter how long they are. e.g. The white rose: An anthology of
garden poetry NOT just The white rose.
 Journal titles must be in full and italicised e.g. Journal of Theology NOT Jn Theol.

38
8. Edition
Editions should be stated as 2nd, 3rd etc. Word will automatically raise the abbreviation e.g. 2 nd . Highlight

nd and hit the button to quickly change from 2nd to 2nd.

Revised edition should be rev.ed.

Never put in the first ( 1st ), edition. That is understood.

Second edition, revised and updated would just be 2nd ed.

If a book has multiple editions, use the edition that you have read

9. Publisher
 In general, do not add the words Publishing, Company, Org, Inc. etc after a publisher’s name. The only
words you should add are either Press or Books.
For instance you would have Yale University Press but not Praeger Publishers – this would just be
Praeger.
 Associations must be written in full in the reference list e.g. Board of Studies NOT BOS or B.O.S.

10. Reference list

 Begin the reference list on a new page with the heading References centred
 All references should be double spaced and indented on the 2nd and subsequent lines of an entry (as a
hanging indent)
 Arrange entries in alphabetical order e.g. M, Mac, MacD, McD

11. Page numbers

 When quoting directly you must include page numbers in your in-text citation
e.g. (Smith, 2014, p. 45).
 If you have paraphrased you are encouraged to supply a page number when it will help locate the
relevant passage within a long or complex work.
 If there are no page numbers (web pages often have no pages) the section may be indicated using
paragraph locations or headings e.g. (Allbright, 2013, para. 3) or (Green, n.d. “Living With Diabetes”).
If the heading is very long you may shorten it e.g. (Martin, 2012, “Going Home,” para. 5). The full heading
was “Going Home to the Farm Where I Grew Up”
 List page numbers in full e.g. 245-249, not 245-9.

12. DOIs and URLs

 Include a DOI for all works that have one. Use the DOI in preference to a URL.
 Present both DOIs and URLs as hyperlinks. It is not necessary to include the words Retrieved from
before a DOI or URL in most cases.
 If the URL does not fit onto a line, ‘break’ it to make it fit better. Do this before punctuation, such as the
‘/’.

13. Using brackets vs parentheses

In general, use brackets to indicate type of material e.g. [DVD] or [Computer software] or if you are
making an explanation within a quote e.g. “when he [John] exploded with fury” (Smith, 2010, p. 25).

39