110 ICCS and IPS

14M - 16% ng PH population

61% Min
33% Luzon
6% Visayas

Mindanao madami - di gano nasakop kaya andon mostly IPs

IPRA Law (1997)

Purpose - Gov response to the historical injustice na naranasan ng IPs
Landmark policy - pansinin mga pangangailangan ng mga IPs

Injustices:
1. Magellan discovered PH
Myth - may PH people na bago pa nya madiscover, nadaanan nya lang PH
In European POV discover nila since bago sa kanila ang PH
Injustice: Lupa kinuha sa Filipinos ng hari ng kastila noon (regalian doctrine)
Now: lupa owned by our state na (PH)
Religion: Animist dati sabi demonic daw yon pinersuade sila ng catholicism
Dumagat: Negrito full - Dumagat Remontado:Mixed breed
Remontar = to flee to the hills

2. American Regime
Marami nawalan lupa kasi nag usbong na ung pagpapatitutlo ng lupa (Torrens System)
Land grabbing issues - kinuhanan ng lupa wala kasi sila title, di kasi sila nsabihan kasi
kabundukan sila e
1987 Constitution may law na to promote rights ng IPs and kilalanin ng gov yon and
protect it and their ancestral land.
May law din to preserve culture ng IPs, pondohan ng gov dapat.

IPRA ( RA 8371) Oct 29 1997

Protect and recognize rights ng IPs
Appropriate funds from gov
Create gov agency for IPs implementation
Implementing mechanism established

IPs define - self ascription, share common things, historically differentiated, not colonized fully,
lived as a organized community
Pillars of IPRA
Rights to ancestral domains (lupain, waters,natural resources,etc.) Native title - preconquest
right.
Certificate of ancestral domain title
Certificate of ancestral land title

Rights to Self Governance and empowerment

Within their tribe bahala sila kung ano gusto nila, pero sa other like gov susunod sila
Bodong - peace agreement (bontoc)

Social justice and Human rights

Equal protection and no discrimination

Cultural Integrity
Protect and preserve their culture
Enrich culture
Not force to change culture, hayaan sila and recognize mo yon accept

Intellectual property rights - culture nila copyright nila yon like paghahabi, surat manyan

Penalties: ( Sec 10 and 54)

Imprisonment 9months-12 years
Fine 100k-500k
Or both