Câu Bị Động ( Passive voice)

Yêu cầu: Dịch cột 1 sang tiếng việt và ghi lại cấu trúc bị động theo các thì sang cột 3
Simple present S + V/ V(s,es)

Simple past S + V-ed/ V2

Present continuous S + am/is/are + V-ing

Past continuous S + was/were + V-ing

Present Perfect S + have/has +V-ing

Past Perfect S + had + P2

Future Perfect S+ will have + P2

Have to/ Be going to S + have to/ be going to + V

Các cấu trúc bị động đặc biệt:

1. Need: need + to-V( active)( có 2 cấu trúc bị động với need)
- Need + to be + P2( bị động)
Ex: I need to borrow some money.
John needs to be told the truth.
- Need + V-ing ( bị động)
Ex: The house needs painting.
2. “V” chỉ giác quan: see, watch, hear, smell, taste,notice, observe, listen to,feel, sound, seem,
appear,…

Chủ động Bị động

S+V+O+V S+be + P2+ to-V
They saw the man run away The man was seen to run away.
I saw her go out.

S+V+ O+ V-ing S+ be+ P2+ V-ing

They saw the man running away The man was seen running away.

3. Make và Let :
Chủ động Bị động
S+ make+O+V S+ be+ made+ to-V
The manager made all the employees work
at the weekend.
S+ let+ O+V S+ be+ allowed+ to-V
She lets her son play computer games on
Sunday afternoon.
 4. Thể nhờ bảo: have/ get
(Chủ động): have : S+ have+ sb+ V: I had a technician repair my computer last year
Get : S+ get + sb + to-V: I get a technician to repair my computer last year.
S + have/get + sth+ P2( bị động) I had/ got my computer repaired by a technician last year.
5. Bị động với động từ khuyết thiếu:
- S+ modal verb+ be + P2: Dùng để chỉ hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, hiện tại, tương lai
I must do this homewwork.
- S + modal verb+ have been+ P2: Dùng để chỉ những hành động cần phải làm or đáng lẽ phải xảy ra trong
quá khứ or những hành động được suy đoán chắc chắn xảy ra trong quá khứ.
We should have read this book.
Bài tập khoanh trong sách công phá tiếng anh 1

Bài 1 : Chuyển sang bị động

1, They have built a new hospital near the airport.
2, They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.
3, The landslide had swept debris down the hill.
4, Nixon was being victimized by the media.
5, Did they give any good answers to the questions?
6, The barber has cut my hair
7, They made him work all day. →

8, People don’t make the children work hard. →

9,They let him meet his family last month. →

10,He won’t let you do that silly thing again. →

11, People saw him steal your car. →

12, I have heard her sing this song several times. →

13, The teacher is watching them work. →

14, Alice had a mechanic repair her car. →

15, Ellen got Marvin to type her paper. →

Bài 2 : Trắc nghiệm

1. These T-shirts and jeans_____________ in the US. in 1900.
A. have made          B. made          C. were made           D. make
2. The building is very dangerous. It_________ down next week.
A. knocked            B. will knock        C. will be knocked          D. was knocked
3. The room looks nice. It____________.
A. was cleaning          B. has just been cleaned        C. will be cleaned       D. is cleaning
4. We________ each other for 10 years.
A. know          B. knew           C. have known             D. had known
5 .Our twenty houses________ when the fire engine__________.
A. had burnt up/ arrived                 B. burnt up/ had arrived
C. had been burnt up/ arrived            D. will have burnt/ arrives
6. After I_______ the grass, it_______ to rain.
A. have watered/ will begin             B. water/ began
C. had watered/ began                D. had watered/ will have begun
7. Next week when there__________ a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher.
A. is being         B. is           C. will be            D. will have been
8. English is_________ all over the world.
A. spoken         B. speak          C. speaks            D. to speak
9. Where will these coconut trees________?
A. be planted           B. planted          C. plant            D. be planting
10. Before Jane won the lottery, she__________ any kind of contest.
A. hasn’t entered        B. doesn’t enter          C. wasn’t entering             D. hadn’t entered
11. My parents_________ tomorrow to stay with me for a few days.
A. come            B. will have come           C. are coming            D. came
12. She left home in 1993 and__________ since then.
A. hasn’t seen          B. didn’t see            C. hasn’t been seen          D. wasn’t seen
13.___________ your house painted last year?
A. Had          B. Did           C. Was          D. Have
14. What_________ you__________ at 8 o’clock last night?
A. did/ do        B. have/ done          C. were/ doing            D. had/ done
15. - “We are having a party at the weekend.” - “Great! Who________?”
A. will being invited           B. Is going to invited
C. is going to be invited       D. will invite
16. This is the fifth time you_________ the same question.
A. ask            B. asked          C. are asking          D. have asked
17. This church was said________ in the 19th century.
A. to build           B. to be built         C. to have been built         D. being built
18. In England, the academic year________ into three terms. Each term_________ by a one-week
break.
A. is divided/ separated            B. divided/ is separated
C. is divided/ is separated          D. divided/ separated
19. Gold________ in California in the 19th century.
A. was discovered                B. was discover
C. has been discovered            D. they discovered
20. I am going to have my car________.
A. service           B. to be serviced           C. serviced           D. servicing
 Câu điều kiện:
Loại Công thức Sử dụng Ví dụ

0 If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)/câu mệnh lệnh Điều kiện diễn tả thói quen,  

sự thật hiển nhiên

1 If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall…… + V Điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở If the weather is nice, I will go
hiện tại ở tương lai swimming tomorrow.

2 If + S + V2/ Ved, S +would/ Could/ Should… Điều kiện không có thật ở If I were you, I would follow her
+V hiện tại advice.

3 If + S + Had + V3/Ved, S + would/ could…+ Điều kiện không có thật If I had studied the lessons, I could
have + V3/Ved trong quá khứ have answered the questions.
 

Kết hợp If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + V   If she hadn't stayed up late last
night, she wouldn't be so tired now.

 Những trường hợp khác trong câu điều kiện:

a. Unless = If...not (Trừ phi, nếu...không)
Ví dụ:  If you don't study hard, you can't pass the exam. = Unless you work hard, you can't pass the exam.
b. Cụm  Từ đồng nghĩa: Suppose / Supposing (giả sử như), in case (trong trường hợp), even if (ngay cả khi, cho dù), as
long as, so long as, provided (that), on condition (that) (miễn là, với điều kiện là) có thể thay cho if trong câu điều kiện
Ví dụ: Supposing (that) you are wrong, what will you do then?
c. Without: không có
Ví dụ  Without water, life wouldn't exist.
= If there were no water, life wouldn't exist.
Bài 1: Viết lại câu:
1, I don’t have money and I can’t buy that shirt.( Sở Hà Nội)

2, We don’t visit our grandparents often because they live so far away.( đề 1,tỉnh Thái Bình)

3, The fire will go out if he doesn’t put more wood on.( de 2, tinh Nghe An)
--- > Unless

4, We hadn’t known that Lan had an accident . We hadn’t visit her.( de 3. Tinh Thua Thien Hue)

5, We don’t visit you very often because you live so far away.( de 3. Tinh Thua Thien Hue)

6, If nobody puts some more coal in, the fire will go out.( de 6, tinh Bac Giang)

7, People don’t do enough exercise, so there are a lot of heart diseases.( de 6. Tinh Bac Giang)

Bài 2: chia động từ:

30, If we meet at 9:30, we (have) plenty of time.

31, Lisa would find the milk if she (look) in the fridge.

31. The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she (feed) the animals.
32. If you spoke louder, your classmates (understand) you.
33. Dan (arrive) safe if he drove slowly.
34. You (have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework.
35. If you (swim) in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold.
36. The door will unlock if you (press) the green button.
37. If Mel (ask) her teacher, he’d have answered her questions.
38. I (call) the office if I (be) you.
39. If they (listen) carefully, they might hear the woodpecker.
40. If I had lain down on the sofa, I (fall) asleep.
41. Ngoc could have worked as a model if she (be) taller.
42. The soil (not/dry out) if you water the plants regularly.
43. If you (give) the young boy this stick, he’d hurt himself.
44. We (not/take) the wrong tram if Dzung had asked the policewoman.
45. If the cat hides in the tree, the dog (not/find) it.
46. The students would have solved the problem if they (use) their textbooks.
47. If he washed his feet more often, his girlfriend (visit) him more often.
48. Manh (read) the newspaper if he went by train.

Bài 3: Tìm lỗi sai và sửa: ( ex 3 công phá 1 trang 194)

Bài 4: Trắc nghiệm

1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.
A. hadn't          B. hadn't been            C. wouldn't be           D. wasn't
2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.
A. wouldn't have been          B. would have been
C. wouldn’t be                D. would be
3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.
A. were asked                  B. would ask
C. had been asked              D. asked
4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.
A. she has done             B. she had done
C. she does                D. she did
5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?
A. stole           B. have stolen           C. were to steal            D. steal
6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.
A. would have been/ hadn't lied              B. would be/ didn't lie
C. will be/ don't lie                         D. would be/ hadn't lied
7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.
A. would invest          B. invested           C. had invested           D. invests
8. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.
A. wouldn’t advise          B. won't advise
C. hadn't advised          D. didn't advise
9. If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.
A. could have climbed            B. climb
C. is climbing                   D. climbed
10. If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.
A. climbed            B. could climb             C. is climbing             D. climb
11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night
A. had known/ could have phoned            B. knew/ would have phoned
C. know/ can phone                       D. knew/ could phone
12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.
A. tells             B. told             C. had told             D. would tell
13. If you press that button what _____?
A. would happen            B. would have happened
C. will happen              D. happen
14. She says if she _____ that the traffic lights were red she _____.
A. had realized/ would stop               B. realized/ could have stopped
C. has realized/ stopped                 D. had realized/ would have stopped
15. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.
A. stop            B. had stopped           C. will stop             D. stopped
16. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.
A. had discovered/ would inform
C. had discovered/ would have informed
D. had discovered/ could inform
C. discovered/ can inform
17. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.
A. go/ gave                            B. go/ give
C. had gone/ would have given             D. went/ would give
18. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.
A. was/ answered                       B. were/ would answer
C. were/ would have answered             D.had been/ would have answered
19. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.
A. were             B. had been            C. have been              D. would be
20. If Columbus _______ money from Queen Isabella, he _______ across the Atlantic.
A. do not receive/ could not sail
B. had not received/ might not have sailed
C. did not receive/ might not have sailed
D. would not receive/ might not sail
Đáp án:
1. B           6. A            11. A             16. B
2. A           7. B            12. B              17. C
3. A           8. C            13. C              18. B
4. B           9. A             14. D             19. A
5. D          10. B            15. A              20. B
Câu ước:
1. Wish trong tương lai
Câu ước ở tương lai dùng để diễn tả những mong ước về một sự việc trong tương lai.
Cấu trúc:
S + wish (es) + S + would / could + V1
Ví dụ:     
I wish I would be a teacher in the future.
2. WISH ở hiện tại
Câu ước ở hiện tại dùng để diễn tả những mong ước về một sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại, hay giả định
một điều ngược lại so với thực tế.
Cấu trúc:
S + wish (es) + S + V2/ed + ...
(to be: were / weren't)
- Động từ BE được sử dụng ở dạng giả định cách, tức là ta chia BE WERE với tất cả các chủ ngữ.
Ví dụ: I wish I were rich. (But I am poor now).
3. Wish trong quá khứ
Câu ước ở quá khứ dùng để diễn tả những mong ước về một sự việc không có thật ở quá khứ, hay giả định
một điều ngược lại so với thực tại đã xảy ra ở quá khứ.
Cấu trúc: S + wish(es) + S +  had + V3/-ed
Ví dụ:  I wish I had met her yesterday. (I didn't meet her).
She wishes she could have been there. (She couldn't be there.)

Bài tập làm trong quyển đề thi chuyên lớp 9