LOGTITE. RETAINING tL Sich eel ia] 3 SECURING CYLINDRICAL ASSEMBLIESeS E 10. 12, 13, 4, OVERVIEW COMPARING METHODS LOCTITE® BENEFITS ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS COST VARIABLES. JDINT STRENGTH SAMPLE CALCULATION JOINT DESIGN ADHESIVE DESIGN FACTORS... FITTING BEARINGS, BUSHINGS 6 NON-METALLIC PARTS APPLICATION NOTES... CHOOSING A LOCTITE® RETAINING COMPOUND LOCTITE® PRODUCTS LOCTITE® DISPENSING EQUIPMENT 2 | 1.800.LOCTITE (562.8483) 10 rr “4 6 v 18 20 22 24 ea WHAT IS A RETAINING COMPOUND? Retaining Compounds are adhesives used to secure bearings, bushings, gears and cylindrical parts onto housings or shafts. The first retaining compound was introduced in 1963. Throughout the years, as technical advancements were made, manufacturing and maintenance engineers discovered and adopted LOCTITE® anaerobic retaining technology to replace conventional mechanical retaining methods. WHY USE A LOCTITE® RETAINING COMPOUND? LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds, when cured, fill the inner space between components to provide a physical and chemical barrier that enables the elimination of fretting corrosion, oxidation and galvanic corrosion. By filling surface irregularities and clearance gaps with a very hard resin, the area of surface contact is increased while the distribution of stress is improved. LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds also increase the reliability of the joint regardless of the machining tolerances and cure to form a strong precision assembly. They help achieve maximum load transmission capability and uniform stress distribution. In addition, equipment downtime is reduced and part life is increased. Applied as a liquid or paste, they form 100% contact between mating metal surfaces, eliminating the need for time- consuming machining, the use of mechanical fastening methods or expensive replacement parts. www.loctiteretaining.com | 3mM eR at ela} UA =] aE) LOGTITE. RETAINING COMPOUNDS VS. MECHANICAL RETAINERS LOCTITE* RETAINING COMPOUNDS OFFER MANY DISTINCT ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL ASSEMBLY METHODS: WHEN USED IN COMBINATION WITH INTERFERENCE FITS LOCTITE® RETAINING COMPOUNDS ALLOW: Higher load transmission and better performance with existing designs and geometry, High-strength products can carry high loads, Because theres 100% contact, load and stress i distributed evenly over the joint. All olds are filed, which prevents corrosion and fretting Reductions inthe size and weight of an assembly, LOCTITE® RETAINING COMPOUNDS ARE SUPERIOR TO CONVENTIONAL ASSEMBLY METHODS, INCLUDING: INTERFERENCE FITS (PRESS FITS OR SHRINK FITS) AND TAPER FITS ‘These rely on friction alone to transmit torque; therefore, they are limited by material, surfaces and design, Close tolerances are needed to obtain specific load capacities, leading to higher production costs, Interference fitting creates stresses in the components that can lead to failure, nly compatible metals can be joined, particularly when combined with operational and the parts can be distorted by the stresses. high temperatures required. Heating of the material can lead to residual stresses and structural degradation and distortion. Disassembly can also be difficult or impossible. KEYWAY AND SPLINE ASSEMBLIES ‘These cause high stresses due to the “notch effect” that occurs. Splines can also result in high machining costs and backlash between drive and overrun, WELDING AND SOLDERING 4 | 1.800.LOCTITE (562.8483) Equal performance with relaxed tolerances. COST BENEFITS LOCTITE* RETAINING COMPOUNDS: Reduce or eliminate expensive machining operations Eliminate some surface finishing requirements prolong equipment life through better fatigue and corrosion resistance Fil gaps so machining tolerances can be widened. Help lower overall assembly and maintenance costs Simpify assemblies by reducing use of ctclips, keys dowels or threads. ‘can eliminate the need for mechanical retainers, ‘Minimize machine downtime ensuring an earlier return to servic. Relative Production Costs 08 Costs always an essential part of the selection process. When LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds are used, considerable cost benefits result, PERFORMANCE BENEFITS LOCTITE® RETAINING COMPOUNDS Increase assembly relat Produce more accurate ig assemblies. Ellminate backlash in keys and spines. Prevent small diameter shaft distortion Increase strength of heavy pres ts Eliminate fretting coresion ‘eal against environmental corosion. Ellminate high assembly tresses. Reduce variations in load transmission. ‘Allow dissimilar materials to be assembled more easly Typical interference fit has 30% metal-to-metal contact. LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds fil air voids, resulting in Lnitized, more reliable assembly. wwwloctiteretaining.com | 5LOGTITE. ese ee ite ale) COMPARING ASSEMBLY METHODS PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS LIMITATIONS: Shrink fit improvement. ae Requires finely finished surfaces. —— INTERFERENCE FIT (PRESS FIT OR Coser tolerances. sano0 | — 9 i Se SHRINK FIT) e - ‘stronger and more resistant material B ooo ‘oversize ring. cite Ba Heating ~ press fitting. 2 so00 4900 LIMITATIONS: som BONDED WITH LOCTITE* RETAINING Clearance itdoes not guarantee ° COMPOUND alignment eer ca ue Temperature nits may app. eo Shrink ft improvement. LIMITATIONS: Requires ely fished surfaces. a s closer tolerances KEYWAY = -|/- 10000 ‘xl comecton. eae s Stine we Keyway in shaft and key. zg ‘000 4B etaining Compound oversized shat = 1 Standard Shrink Ft sooo a LIMITATIONS: ren Rue ely ished surfaces. 200 eet SPLINED ASSEMBLY an o = axial connect 0 0 © 4 80 surface heat treatment (ase hardening). Glametar rn) Iacining of utile spines ee 6 | .800.LOCTITE (562.8483) wwloctiteretaining.com | 75. COST VARIABLES COST-TOLERANCES RELATIONSHIP The cost of machining decreases rapidly when tolerances are widened; these examples refer to a shaft and its bore. LOCTITE® products are effective over a very wide range of is. COST-SURFACE FINISH RELATIONSHIP Surface finish is an important cost factor in time and ‘material (grinding). LOCTITE® products do not need a highly finished surface as they wet and fill irregularities. 8 | 1.800.LOCTITE 562.8483) > inv Macniin cost amctr> 400 mm (18) tamer > 50 mm (2a) imernttaralYterance 1 rade lamete> 50mm (28) 2an0 Favorable > ecnston!oeronce 1 Grade a AK eseel ae 10 | L.800.LOCTITE (562.8483) CALCULATION OF BONDED SLIP FITS AND PRESS OR SHRINK FITS AUGMENTED WITH ADHESIVE BONDING These calculations can be performed by trained Henkel staff using our proprietary RetCalct software, created specifically for retaining applications. The following explains these calculations and applies them to a practical example, The strength of a bonded joint and the torque that can be transmitted are calculated with the following equations. The strength of a press or shrink it, augmented with adhesive bonding, is the sum of the strength calculated for the bonded joint plus the strength value of the press Cr shrinkfit joint without adhesive bonding. | =1ex diameter x length x RC strength x fy, = 1x diameter*x length x RC strength x f,, KEY AC strength is the compressive shear strength of the retaining compound in N/mmn* measured in accordance with 1SO 10123. This value is reported on the Technical Data Sheet for each retaining ‘compound, ‘oes presents the sum of these Joint Design and Retaining Compound factors. = Type of joint = Materials, = Clearance = Surface finish = Engagement ratio. = Load = Cure method = Operating temperature = Operating environment at STRENGTH wwsloctiteretaining.com | 117. SAMPLE CALCULATION FITTING A GEAR TO A CLUTCH PLATE = 0.7 for a L/D ratio of 0.5 and a shaft diameter of 32mm, pernivaingof the garth oral ~ 05 for ateratng moverent design required positioning three dowels a equal spaced onthe Joint between the two contacting surtaces to transmit the torque, so ee) since the wall thickness was too small to accommodate a keyway. The gear wheel has helicoidal teeth, and is subjected to different tangential and axial loads, depending on the direction of rotation, but the torque load never exceeds 18 N.m (159 in-Ib.. As torque The sum of the joint design and adhesive design transmission was the driving design factor, factors is calculations only concern this load. 13 for 150°C operating temperature 1.0 for ambient air operating environment = fTK IDX 13x 14 x 15x 16 x7 x18 x 19 = 0.36 The dowels used present many disadvantages, causing distortion and rejected assemblies due to the thinness of the patts. LOCTITE® 648™ was suggested to replace the dowel pins, to simplify the assembly process and improve quality. = Tx diameter’ x length x RC strength x fyoy Dimensions of the bonded surface between the steel gear and the cast iron clutch: 2000 11x (32) x 15 x 29 x 0.36 # 252 N-m (2230 in-Ibs.) = 32mm 2000 = 15mm = LOCTITE® 648™ has a strength of 29 N/mm? .0 for bonded slip fit = 0.8 for cast iron = 1.0 for a clearance of 0.025 mm = 1.0 for surface finish 12 | .BO0.LOCTITE (562.8483) wloctiteretaining,com | 138. JOINT DESIGN LOGTITE. TYPE OF JOINT SURFACE FINISH FACTOR1 FACTOR 4 i: os cacao This factor accounts for the joint configuration. TheRC —_— Retaining compounds benefit from a certain degree of std oy — strength reported on the Technical Data Sheet is fe a 7 surface roughness 1.6 to 3.2 4m Ra. Smoother surfaces = representive of a bonded slip-fit joint. This factor will lower adhesive performance and rougher surfaces i ‘accounts for the effective strength contribution for have the risk of misalignment when assembled. Note “ press and shrink joints Table of Joint thatthe f4 factor only applies to axial loads and not torque. Use 1.0 for torque calculation. ar e = MATERIALS a = > stcerenimn nyt FACTOR 2 seston seer ae toys as) aa RATIO OF ENGAGEMENT The shear strength given for LOCTITE® Retaining sunsue 08 im cece eas “ Compounds are measured using steel pins and collars. "™*" wie eeeases . The fo factor varies with other metals, alloys and os 04 ‘The adhesive strength of a retaining compound gains Bu coatings as shown in this table. When dissimilar te stat if A ' ernst limited benefit from increases in engagement length, Eo materials are joined, use the lower number in the 10 p33 As illustrated in the adjacent chart, this correction be equation, Material factor is more pronounced in smaller shafts and 7 becomes negligible in shafts greater than 100 mm - (4 in. in diameter {Leth oteasoenent O= Shatner CLEARANCE FACTOR 3 LoaD tnt The shear strength given for LOCTITE® Retaining : FACTOR 6 : os Compounds are measured using steel pins and collars. As with any cylindrical assembly, the retaining od ‘The fa factor varies with other metals, alloys and compounds are affected by the magnitude and 10 os coatings as shown in this table. When dissimilar materials are joined, use the lower number in the equation. > cesrnceininm severity of alternating loads. The adjacent table illustrates the effect that different reversing loads can have on the adhesive strength, Table of Load oe ee eee Cee ee ec! bushings onthe Prosthetic Moto Knee and Versa Foot must tay in eee eee ead Place. With no seats or shoulders to stop bushings from sling ina ee ee eer eee eee er ene eee eee ee ees terete toad Caner eer rcnter un ety re ee eee ee en enone mies eenortiet were Th 14 | L.BOO.LOCTITE (562.8483) eretaining.com | 159. ADHESIVE DESIGN FACTORS LOGTITE. BOS U MMIC TOU cic TEE tte th Rae) CURE METHOD ee note 700 lacnr-zene ‘The compressive shear strength reported for each aad — retaining compound is determined from test specimens 04 os ‘cured at room temperature (22°C). Activators can be aa coc on used to accelerate the adhesive cure. The effect of the activator on cure speed and ultimate strength is reported 0 os (on the Technical Data Sheet (T05) for each retaining ‘compound. For illustration, the factor in this chart relates ‘Cure Methad to the TDS for LOCTITE® Retaining Compound 648” OPERATING TEMPERATURE eee locrmesea” __ enmesean® Anaerobic adhesives cure to form a thermoset polymer. Losmeear _—— Increases in temperature will have a measureable effect con the strength of the polymer. It is important to select product that is suitable for the service temperature of | wermesea~ ‘acres the application. These “Heat Aging” effects are reported ‘on the TDS for each retaining compound. For illustration, Operating ‘Temperature (in) this chart is an extract of Heat Aging values reported on — the TDS for several products. : 2 bo so me OPERATING ENVIRONMENT ractoe ver Faro ‘The compressive shear strength reported for each oe or ear ton vo 2 14 retaining compound is determined from test ‘noo ve nom 13) went specimens exposed to ambient ait. The effect of " fa chemical and solvent immersion on strength is meee rn at reported on the TDS for each retaining compound. For 2) pe a illustration, the Chemical/Solvent Resistance" values in 10 = this chart were extracted from the TDS for LOCTITE® Operating Environment Retaining Compound 648”: 16 | L.BO0.LOCTITE (562.8483) FITTING BEARINGS ‘The performance provided by LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds makes them particularly suitable for fitting bearings. LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds have very high compression strength, and prevent fretting corrosion. Retaining compounds are available in removable strengths for easier assembly. Locking ings and circlips can be removed, eliminating costly shaft grooving, and dificult assembly. Stepped diameters can be reduced by eliminating the need for shoulders to locate bearings. Improved bearing alignment can be achieved by compensating for surface imperfections. ‘The assembly is sealed against the environment, eliminating fretting and galvanic corrosion ‘Assembly can be simplified by the easing of tolerances. WEAR PARTS, SELF-LUBRICATING BUSHINGS AND INSERTS, Wear rings, liners, shrink rings (of any thickness), tubular connectors, inserts, plugs and sel-lubricating sintered bushings can be assembled using retaining compounds such as LOCTITE® 638™ or LOCTITE® 648™. Choice of retaining compound will depend upon operating conditions and whether the assembly must be dismantled. In many cases — engine cylinder liners, pump, drill and bronze bushings — a press is used to fit bushings, a procedure that requires additional machining due to the elastic deformation of the parts. In addition to increasing costs, if too much rework is done, there isa risk of weakening the quality ofthe fit. Also, by reducing wall thickness, stress and the risk of potential assembly failure is increased, These problems can be eliminated by assembling bushings and liners using a bonded slip-fit FITTING NON-METALLIC PARTS ‘Many parts made from molded materials are now used in assemblies for various reasons: cost reduction, appearance, improved resistance to wear or to achieve increased flexibility. Examples include: handles, hhand-wheels, control buttons, nylon rings and bushings, gears and friction washers. LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds can be used to assemble these items to metal parts orto strengthen assemblies which are often weak due to their flexibility or fragility. LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds can also be used where it may be difficult to obtain a sufficiently accurate fit LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds cure in the absence of air and by the catalytic effect of the metal To improve cure time with non-metallic parts, LOCTITE® Activator may be used to treat the surfaces before applying the adhesive. Plastic components need to be tested to ensure retaining compound or activator does not stress crack the component. wwwloctiteretaining.com | 17LOGTITE. 11. APPLICATION NOTES GET THE MOST FROM LOCTITE® RETAINING COMPOUNDS Surface Cleanliness: Optimal performance is achieved when parts are clean and free of grease, ol, ust Cure Process: LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds have an anaerobic cure system. Anaerobic means it cures preventative or other contaminants. LOCTITE® ODC Free Cleaner & Degreaser is one of in the absence of air and inthe presence of metal ions. Ths is why the resin remains liquid the recommended cleaners that will effectively remove contaminants without leaving until itis confined between metal parts. Cure speed is influenced by: a residue. LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds 638”, 648™ and 680™ are oil tolerant. They oar: The imesh goth ater theca ariobs eight bond tough contaminant nog oan cating ad crn aman Teor: Lover temperate sows spe, her enperse aces crested surface Fish: oneconpoestot int sents epedet on amt tc vt the Maur: carl ftr when on or bath mei, he tel and opens on metal roughness of the metal surfaces. A surface roughness of 1.6 to 3.2 mRa, equivalent toa Fal a tN ctl Sod sacar thee ch, srcommede. soar shi ec Prt tone ole podscar ower han newer products Conte oct Tecna Dt rehanal eck and corespondingy eee manu aca serghof te Shel or dete spec of caves bonded cn. : Bond Strength: Cure speed can be accelerated with the 7] Moteris: —_LOCTTES eaiing Compounds ae dined fer bod inal meal comgoen topsonct Lone Act beeps They are also used to assemble cylindrical metal and plastic component combinations. are assembled, or by applying heat up to 120°C Pasi components need eed to cue eng compound oat Jus no (ae eat wit ely eae the ue stress crack the component. bond strength. Activator will usually decrease Joint Gap: LOCTITE® Retaining Compounds are versatile. They are recommended for gaps ranging. eee {rom zero (interference fit to 0.5 mm (0.02 in.) diametrical. Optimal bond strength is typically achieved at a diametrical bond gap of 0.075 mm (0.003 in.) or less. Total strength decreases as diametrical gap is increased, Stapsrace oie ociee tainngampoord Application Process: Use an application method that ensures the bond-ine is filled. Excess material should Splcwmoantatosteae mage be avoided because it could migrate, Several proven methods to control the amount preducton cas ms applied, ranging from manual to automated: Disassembly: Bearings assembled with LOCTITE® Retaining Compound can be disassembled with industry standard bearing disassembly tools and techniques, including bearing pullers and Roll bearing ona synthetic sponge saturated with LOCTITE® Retaining Compound to apply a consistenttin fm. ‘Manually apply LOCTITE® Retaining Compound with a LOCTITE® Hand Pump. Each squeeze of the trigger dispenses a metered amount of adhesive tothe pars prior to assemby Tretacrte hydraulic presses. Another technique is to heat soo the parts well above the service temperature Use the LOCTITE® Semiautomatic applicator to dispense a metered aera {to 250°C (482°F) for most products} and amount of adhesive to a predefined dispoint point. oes dlsassemble while the parts are hot Use the LOCTITE® Rotospray™ applicator to automaticaly dispense a Ccmpaind isnatterianas beeeetd extaienareee precise band of adhesive to the bore ofa circular component. ee sta danas 6g gouging Rtn canpouns ower 18 | L.BO0.LOCTITE (562.8483) «wloctiteretaining.com | 18armel] ice MOP cee e) a) LOGTITE. YOUR APPLICATION Increase the shear strength of eyndrcal,nor-threaded assemblies ‘an industry standard for assembling press-and slip-itted parts Fill the “inner space” between components and cure to forma strong precision assembly Formulated ina variety of viscosities, gap fils, flexibility and strength characteristics Can be applied with automated process equipment or dispensed manually SOLUTION 20 | 1800,LOCTITE (562.9483) Cee a ore ert) Peron) ee rr 62p025 mm Strength High High High Medium High Shear Strength 3.900 psi 4500 psi 3,800 psi 1700 psi 3335 psi Uptoo15mm —Uptoo.28mm —Uptoo.2mm —Uptoo1smm —_Uptoo.Smm Clearance (0.006 in) (0.010 in) (0.008 in) (0.006 in) (0.020 in) Temperature Resistance 180°C (35°F) 180°C (55°F) 230°C (450"F) 150°C (300"F) 150°C (300"F) Cure Time (Setup/Full Strength) 31min. /24hrs. Amin. 24 hws, 60min. / 241s. 20min. / 24s. 20min. / 24 hrs. Toss", 7088”, 7088" Recommended Activator Notrequired —-Notrequired 649.7471" © 76aa™7a7I™ = T649™,2471"" PRODUCT NEW LOCTITE® NEWLOCTITE® LOCTITE® 620™ LOCTITE® 641" _LOCTITE® 660™ 648" Retaining 638" Retaining Retaining Retaining Retaining DESCRIPTION Compound Compound Compound Compound ‘compound General Pupese/Nigh Sip /ighstength_ sip Fgh Acts te ete Strengths care ‘emperstie ‘sap | stan orCeried sm rage te ‘Nnciures _ €FU-Approved vw.loctiteretaining.com | 21LOGTITE. SE eee eet e] tee) Rae aes sy Cae ao hor a ot oie A g ag Willette E a oo oon et bal oat A Eye SEE pee cm Rune i oe sai a — ltemsin Red =Tap Pick = Indicates Worldwide Availablity = Yaris with substrates. ** For new designs. qe = 22 | 1.S00.LOCTITE (562.8483) www.loctiteretaining.com | 23eCPM Neel mele LOGTITE. DISPENSING EQUIPMENT* Dispensing equipment for retaining compounds includes applicators, controllers, reservoirs, pumps, valves tips and monitoring devices. Contact your Henkel sales representative, authorized distributor, call 1.800.LOCTITE (662.8483), or visit www.equipmentloctte.com for help optimizing your dispense system. PRECISION BORE COATING ‘tem Number: LOCTITE* RotoSpray™ Applicator arr The LOCTITE® RotoSpray™ Applicator is electro-pneumatically z powered to apply 360° beads of retaining compound on bore < IDs. LOCTITE® RotoSpray™ applicators are used in conjunction with the LOCTITE® Positive Displacement Pump and LOCTITE® Dual-channel Automatic Controller. tte Number: tem Number 903390 srisa HANDHELD MANUAL LOOTITE® Hand Pumps Handheld manual applicators allow retaining compounds to be dispensed directly from the original package. Applicators thread directly onto bottle tops and accept a variety of dispense tips. tem Number stem Number: sear 250 mi) 7001 0 m) HANDHELD PNEUMATIC DISPENSING LOCTITE® Bond-A-Matic* 3000 ‘reliable, low-cost pneumatic dispenser with an adjustable pressure regulator. The system is "ready to go, right out of the box” and includes a LOCTITE® Vari-Drop™ Applicator Kit and dispensing-tip assortment. Available with low-level sensing for automated process lines. Serre 982790 03,000), 982722 (3,000 cP) 24 | .800.LOCTITE (562.8483) DUAL CHANNEL DISPENSING LOCTITE® Dual Channel Integrated Semiautomatic Dispenser ‘A superior dispensing system for cost-effective operation in high-volume applications. It controls two manual or two automatic dispense valves, or one dispense-valve and one advancing slide. Includes integrated fluid reservoir and is dispense valve timing controls. Interface wth PLC reservoir tem Number pense allows “low evel” sensing and “cjcle complete signaling. __9081(0102800n, won EQUIPMENT FOR PRIMERS iI LOCTITE® Spray Valve/Spray Valve Controller Controller provide an effective solution for automatic spraying : of lowviscosity primers up to 1,200 cP. tam Number tem number: ovo so DISPENSE MONITORING LOCTITE* High Precision Monitoring System, This advanced dispense monitoring system is designed for integration with other LOCTITE® dispensing systems and controllers. Pressure changes due to air entrapment, broken or blocked nozzles or substrate contact can be monitored. Out oftolerance dispense cycles are displayed as error messages, DISPENSE ACCESSORIES Needles and Tins Henkel offers a complete line of LOCTITE® dispense needles and tips from 1/4" to 11/4", including 45*- and 90°.angled tips ina variety of gauges ‘tem Number: 72M (Meniton, 8965008 Sensor) SWI, “i aij \\S contact Henkel FANS er item numbers www.lactiteretaining.com | 25LOGTITE. USA. GN mens See) ENGINEERING ADHESIVES (oN tes cag Lee aa MRO) NSU LOLM sT01sYg fe: ]e ON aA I-f-2-7 1-5) BIRR h-yR1 HH) 7 Sean YARe7 =I) www loctiteretaining.com PLU Ch ame ENGINEERING ADHESIVES Pea vale aN aI ISS SAU AMMA OT Rs] Th} TEL: 1.800.263.5043 (WITHIN CANADA) Steg tc 7 Vem APES}