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MOCK CAMBRIDGE IGCSE 2021

MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA
International General Certificate of Secondary Education

CANDIDATE NAME

CENTRE CANDIDATE
NUMBER NUMBER

CLASS COLLEGE
NUMBER

ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE 0510/22

Paper 2 Reading and Writing (Extended) September 2021
2 hours
No additional materials are required.
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen.
● Write your name, centre number, class, college number or candidate number (if any) in the
boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● Dictionaries are not allowed.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 80.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].

This document consists of 13 printed pages

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Exercise 1
Read the article about Teens and Smartphones, and then answer the following questions.

TEENS AND SMARTPHONES

Teenagers and smartphones are an unstoppable force. In 2011, 36 percent of US teens had a
smartphone, however, the percentage has multiplied over several years. By 2018, the number had
skyrocketed to 95 percent, reaching a peak. It would be hard to find a single high school in North America
where the hallways aren’t crowded with teenagers texting and chatting away. Is all that time spent texting,
listening to music, playing games, and fiddling with apps really good for youngsters? With so many things
that the gadget can do, most adults think that teenagers are easily distracted.

Scientists have uncovered new evidence that today’s teenagers are able to adapt to their
environment faster than people in their twenties and thirties. Their neurological agility, which many
attributes to heavy use of technology, is helping researchers to identify mental illnesses while they’re still
in their infancy.

85 percent of mothers say that their children’s smartphones definitely ease the back-to-school
strain, making this time of year less stressful overall. Smartphones help to empower mothers to maintain
contact and keep tabs on their children’s whereabouts. Furthermore, smartphones help mothers and
children to plan their school and daily activities. While some says that teens are so obsessed with sharing
videos and photos on their social media to garner likes and followers, it is also the access to that technology
that allows families not to miss out on many precious moments.

Since the device is now an integral part of a teenager’s life, experts are worried that the excessive
use of smartphones, especially at nighttime, may also cause them to develop sleeping problems.
Smartphones emit a type of blue light which restrains the production of melatonin that controls your sleep-
wake cycle. Teens tend to be too absorbed by their favourite apps which makes it difficult for them to fall
asleep and wake up the next day.

Smartphones can also be costly for parents. Some teens will rack up additional charges when they
stream videos and music online excessively. They also sometimes engage in online gaming which may be
free, but will encourage them to make in-app purchases. It adds up the cost fast!

Teachers are discovering that apps on smart phones are some of the best, most engaging ways
to teach difficult subjects like math and science. In the past, knowledge is only available in the form of texts
and still images coming from books and posters. With modern devices, it has become more accessible and
interactive. For example, the free NASA app offers videos, images, and interactive displays that bring space
to life in a way that a lecture never could. Despite the advantages, smartphones can be a major problem
in classrooms as they may cause students to be highly distracted. This forces teachers to compete for
students’ attention. Most teachers ask their classes to put phones away or set them to “silent,” but students
are inevitably tempted to look at them. Some teachers believe that smartphone dependency may turn
teenagers to be lazier and prevent them from unlocking their potential.

There is no doubt that smartphones are becoming ubiquitous among young people, but some
young teenagers might not need the capacities of a smartphone and might do just fine with a regular cell
phone. But it’s equally clear that smartphones offer a number of important advantages that shouldn’t be
overlooked. Parents know best whether or not their children can handle smartphones wisely so it’s up to
parents to make the call.

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1 Which year records the highest percentage of teenagers owning smartphones?

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

2 What facilitates the discovery of psychological problems in the early stages?

……………………………………………………………………………………………..…. [1]

3 In what ways do smartphones aid mothers monitor their children?

………………………………………………………………………………………………... [1]

4 How does a relative benefit from kids sharing videos and photos on social media?

……………………………………………………………………………………………….... [1]

5 How do smartphones affect teenagers’ sleep pattern? Give two details.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

6 What makes the usage of smartphones become expensive? Give two details.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………... [2]

7 How has smartphones changed traditional classroom lessons?

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

8 What are the drawbacks of using smartphones for teenagers? Give four details.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………….. [4]

[Total: 13]

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Exercise 2
Read the article about four people (A – D) who collect things. Then answer Questions 10 (a) – (j).

COLLECTING THINGS

A Pete
When I was in high school, I started subscribing to my favourite comics using the money I earned doing part-
time jobs. I was that obsessed with the comics and was grateful how reading them provided the ideal distraction
whenever life gets a little challenging. I never threw any away, and soon built up an impressive collection. I’ve
out-grown reading them, but didn’t give up the subscription because I’d loved the comics for so long. My brother
reads them instead, so it doesn’t feel like a total waste. I would also like to carry on supporting the comics’
publisher since they are a small company that actually do print other interesting stuff and it would be nice if they
can continue to do so. Another thing I keep in mind is that perhaps my collection will be worth something one
day and I could make some money from it.

B Lana
I collect small figures of film characters. I’m really into science fiction and if there is merchandise released along
with the film, I’d make sure to check out if there are figurines that would catch my attention and purchase those.
As a result, I have all kinds of weird and wonderful monsters and aliens strategically arranged in a glass display
in the corner of my bedroom. Recently, I started writing my own science-fiction stories, and have had the chance
to read them in front of my classmates. They loved it! It’s all thanks to my collection I suppose, because looking
at them gets my creativity flowing. I’m careful not to let them influence me too much, since we’ve got to be original
when we’re writing. That said, sometimes I lose concentration as I get so lost in my ideas, and that’s when I have
to bring myself back down to Earth!

C Jack
When I was five, my parents took me to a football match and since then, I’ve kept every programme from each
one I’ve been to – they’re the booklets you get with the players’ names and information about them. When I get
back from the game, I would pore over the pages and read about how the players have got to where they are
now. I find them very motivating because I hope to play for a big club one day myself. At times when practice
feels tough or I feel like I’m going through a bad season, reading them allows me to concentrate on this goal that
I have. I’ve also got a football signed by the team I support – I won the chance to meet them in a competition,
and that gave me the opportunity to ask them about improving my game. Maybe one day I can help the team
that I’ll be playing for make a profit from selling our merchandise.

D Bella
When I was a child, I collected a few shells from the beach and ever since then, my friends and family have been
giving me bits and pieces they’ve come across which they thought I’d like. The odd bits on my rack have now
expanded into a large collection of unusual stones, feathers and other things that I’m currently at a loss as to
where to place them. Some of the stones are as pretty as gemstones, but I have never had them evaluated. I’m
captivated by the idea of how all this beauty comes from our surroundings, not something man-made for the
sake of generating money. It’s great that my friends understand this and find the collection fascinating. We had
traced the origins of one stone to a local legend for a group project and presented it in class. That was what
everyone talked about for the rest of the week! I ended up bringing my whole collection to school for my friends
to see.

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9 For each question, write the correct letter A, B, C, or D on the line.

Which person ...

(a) feels encouraged by their collection to achieve their targets? ............[1]

(b) collects things that lead to a different hobby? ............ [1]

(c) thinks that their collection helps them to forget about everyday problems? .............[1]

(d) receives an overwhelming response for their collection? ............ [1]

(e) hopes that their collection can be turned into financial gain? ............ [1]

(f) admits that what they collect helps them to focus? ............. [1]

(g) gets help from their collection to complete a school assignment? ........... [1]

(h) has a specific place to keep the things they collect? ............ [1]

(i) collects things to help a particular business? ........... [1]

(j) receives help from other people to support their hobby? ............ [1]

[Total: 10]

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Exercise 3

Read the article about the ways we can spend leisure time and then complete the notes.

LEISURE TIME
Living life in the modern world means you are often in hectic mode and always on the move.
Moving from one appointment to another, ingesting lots of information, juggling a load of
responsibilities and dealing with unexpected curveballs are just a lot to handle. The leisure
time we rarely get should be treasured and used wisely. Precious leisure time can be used to
decompress using meaningful and relaxing activities that would contribute to our physical,
mental and spiritual well- being.

Given that most people work sedentarily, we should spend time doing exercises and other
physical activities. Leisure time can be used as a way to look after our health. Exercise can
include endurance activities such as running, swimming, martial arts and bike riding. It could
also include power exercises such as weightlifting. When a person is in better physical shape,
their concentration and energy levels also increase. If you have been thinking of taking up
new skills, this might also be a good time to pursue them. You can join the cooking club that
you are interested in or sign up for a foreign language class.

We could also get involved in arts during our leisure time. Arts are essential in developing our
creativity, and this allows us to be more critical thinkers in our day-to-day lives. Arts are a way
of self-expression, and one can choose to either paint, take photos or do sculptures. We may
also discover hidden talents that can be profitable and used to earn a living. Ultimately, we
acquire many soft skills by immersing ourselves in the beautiful world of arts – skills that may
spill over into other areas of life and help us cope.

In modern society’s hurried ways, it is important to slow down even for a few minutes each
day. Meditation is a practice where individuals use techniques such as mindfulness and
focusing the mind on a particular subject to train attention and awareness. Just taking some
time to unwind and not think may help us to be at peace with the situation we are in. Being
contented enables us to see what is crucial in our lives, and gather the strength we need to
get through the day.

Getting closer to nature is another way for us to get a much-needed break from the hustle
and bustle of busy lives, especially if we stay in big cities. What you are hearing and seeing
at any moment is changing not only your mood but how your body is working. Noises and
lights we have at all times, even in our homes, may give us sensory overload. This will
contribute to stress and restlessness. Hence, seeing the greenery would allow the eyes to
rest after staring at multiple screens the whole day.

We should aim to fill our leisure time with activities that help us rest and relax. As the saying
goes, “all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” and there is no way anyone wants to feel
dull and detached when there is so much to enjoy and cherish in this world.

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You are going to give a talk to your class at school about modern living to your class at school.
Prepare some notes to use as the basis for your talk.
Make short notes under each heading.

10 Ways to spend leisure time:

• .............................................................................................................................................

• .............................................................................................................................................

• .............................................................................................................................................

• ....................................................................................................................................... [4]

11 Benefits of doing leisure activities:

• .............................................................................................................................................

• .............................................................................................................................................

• .............................................................................................................................................

• .............................................................................................................................................

• ....................................................................................................................................... [5]

[Total: 9]

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Exercise 4

12 Read the article about a young man who built a power plant.

Write a summary about what he did to build the power plant and its impacts on the
community.

Your summary should be about 100 words (and no more than 120 words long). You
should use your own words as far as possible.

You will receive up to 8 marks for the content of your summary and up to 8 marks for the
style and accuracy of your language.

THE MAN WHO BUILT HIS OWN POWER PLANT

Magiro Power is a small hydropower company located in Muranga County just to the north of the
capital Nairobi in central Kenya. The company is the brainchild of the young Kenyan entrepreneur
John Magiro, who was inspired to build his own power plant out of pieces of scrap.

Magiro came from a small rural farming community without access to electricity. Although his
power plant now distributes power to over five regions, he had to use kerosene lamp when he was
growing up. As a result, he was not able to study and do his homework in proper lighting, which is
something the students in his village no longer have to experience. As there was no kerosene oil supplier
nearby, Magiro had to go to the nearest town to purchase the oil. The nearest electricity pole from his
village was 15 kilometres away but, a little over a kilometre from his village was a river with a
waterfall. This is where Magiro turns his inspiration into a reality.

As a young school boy, Magiro was fascinated to see how his brother's bicycle's dynamo produce
light while he rode the bicycle. Once he figured out how the dynamo worked, he borrowed 6,000
Kenyan shillings from his mother to begin his mini hydro-electric project. He also had to sell some goats
and rabbits that he had kept at home. With the money, he was able to afford a small-scale petrol-based
power generator. To power the generator using the water flow of the local river, he set up a post and
wire from the river to his home, and managed to produce enough energy to supply his own family with
electric light.

Encouraged by his success, he was determined to increase the electricity production. He

conducted a number of DIY experiments to make further modifications to the generator such as adding
on a turbine and extending the generator system. This allowed him to increase the electricity voltage.
Soon, news of his achievement reached the National Environmental Trust Fund, who then approached
him and offered to give him a proper training on power generation skills. Thanks to Magiro, businesses
can now operate for longer hours. School commutes for children before sunrise is more secure due to
street lighting. Works at household levels have improved because the villagers are now able to use
electric farm tools such as water pumps and chaff cutters. Magiro dreams to cover the whole
of Muranga county and beyond.

Even though Magiro has never stepped foot in an engineering class, he is now known as “Engineer” in
his village. Through his company, he has impacted the lives of many with power that is affordable, reliable
and sustainable. “I urge those who may not be excelling in education not to lose hope or to be intimidated
by the peers or the society. They can still pursue their dreams alternatively through their innate talents,”
he says.

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[Total: 16]

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Exercise 5

13 You recently rescued an injured animal that you found near your house.

Write an email to a friend about the animal.

In your email, you should:

• describe what happened to the injured animal

• explain what you did to help

• tell your future plan for the animal

The pictures above may give you some ideas, and you can also use some ideas of your
own.
Your email should be between 150 and 200 words long.
You will receive up to 8 marks for the content of your email, and up to 8 marks for the
language used.

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[Total: 16]
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Exercise 6

14 You recently attended a seminar on effective learning strategies. Your teacher has asked
you to write a report about the seminar and make suggestions for a future seminar.

Here are two comments from other attendees:

I wish there was enough

I was introduced to new
time for a question-and-
learning techniques.
answer session.

Write a report for your teacher.

The comments above may give you some ideas, and you can also use some ideas of your
own.

Your report should be between 150 to 200 words long.

You will receive up to 8 marks for the content of your report, and up to 8 marks for the
language used.

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[Total: 16]
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