Benha University Subject: Turbo- Machinery(B)

Faculty of Engineering- Shoubra Year: fourth Mech. Power

Mech. Power Department Sheet No (3) 2014/2015
In all the problem below, the following properties for air may be assumed:
Ratio of specific heats, k = 1.4
Specific heat of air at constant pressure, Cp = 1005 J/kg K
Gas constant, R = 287 J/kg K
Assume a power input factor of 1 unless otherwise stated.

1. A single centrifugal compressor draw air from the atmosphere having ambient conditions
100 kPa and 15 oC. The hub diameter is 0.13 m and the tip diameter is 0.3 m. If the mass flow
into the eye of the compressor is 8 kg/s and the speed is 16200 rpm, calculate the blade inlet
angle at the root and tip of the eye and the Mach number at the tip eye. Assume zero whirls at
inlet and no losses in the intake duct.

2. A motor rated at 580 kW is available to drive a centrifugal compressor of 480 mm outer

diameter at a speed of 20 000 rpm. At impeller outlet blade angle is 26.5o measured from the
radial direction and the flow velocity (radial component) at exit from the impeller is 122 m/s. If
a mechanical efficiency of 95 percent is assumed, what air flow is to be expected? Assume there
is no slip. What are the eye tip and hub diameter diameters if a radius ratio of 0.3 is chosen for
the impeller eye and if the velocity at inlet is 95 m/s with zero whirls? What will be the overall
total-to-total isentropic efficiency if an overall pressure ratio of 5.5 is required? Assume
ambient air conditions are 101.3 kPa and 288 K.

3. A centrifugal compressor compresses air at ambient conditions 100 kPa and 15 oC. The
impeller runs at a tip speed of 365 m/s, the radial velocity at exit from the impeller is 30 m/s and
the slip factor is 0.9. Calculate the Mach number of the flow at the impeller tip. If the impeller
total-to-total efficiency is 90 percent and the flow area from the impeller is 0.093 m2, calculate
the mass flow rate of air. Assume zero whirl at inlet, and radial blades.

4. A centrifugal compressor impeller has 17 radial vanes of tip diameter 165 mm, It rotates at
46 000 rpm and the air mass flow rate is 0.6 kg/s with no whirl at inlet. Calculate the theoretical
power transferred to the air. At inlet to the impeller, the mean diameter of the eye is 63.5 mm
while the annulus height at the eye is 25 mm. The static pressure and temperature at the
impeller inlet are 93 kPa and 293 K respectively. Determine
A- The blade angle at the mean diameter at impeller inlet.
B- The stagnation temperature at impeller exit and
C- The stagnations pressure at impeller exit if the total-to-total efficiency of the
impeller is 90 percent.

5. A centrifugal compressor operating at a pressure ratio of 3.8 and a speed of 12 000 rpm
delivers 8 kg/s of air. The slip factor is assumed to be 0.92, the power factor 1.04, and the overall
isentropic efficiency 0.82. Calculate the impeller outlet diameter. Assume zero whirls.
The Mach number of the air leaving the impeller vanes is to be unity so as that no shocks occur.
If the losses in the impeller and the diffuser are the same, what must be the axial depth of the
impeller? At inlet po1 = 101.3 kPa and To1 = 288 K.

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6. A centrifugal compressor has the following design data:
Mass flow =15 kg/s Speed=16 000 rpm Inlet total temperature= 288 K
Inlet total pressure =101 kPa Impeller isentropic efficiency=0.9
Width of vaneless space =42 mm Axial depth of vaneless space=37 mm
Slip factor=0.9 Power input factor=1.04 Impeller outlet diameter=0.55 m
A- Assuming no pre-whirl at the inlet, what are the stagnation conditions at the
impeller outlet?
B- Show that the radial velocity is approximately 100 m/s at the impeller outlet and
calculate the Mach number and air angle at the impeller outlet.
C- Calculate the angle of the diffuser vane leading edges and the Mach number at
this radius if the diffusion in the vaneless space is isentropic.

7. The stagnation pressure and temperature at inlet of a centrifugal compressor are 101 kPa
and 290 K respectively. The impeller has 19 radial vanes and no inlet guide vanes. The following
data apply; Mass flow = 2 kg/s
Impeller tip speed 525 m/s
Mechanical efficiency 96 percent
Absolute air velocity at diffuser exit 95 m/s
Compressor total-to-total efficiency 0.81
Absolute velocity at impeller entry 160 m/s
Diffuser efficiency 0.83
Axial depth of impeller 6 mm
Power input factor 1.04
A- Determine the shaft power.
B- Calculate the total and static pressure at diffuser outlet.
C- If the reaction ratio is 0.5, find the radial velocity, absolute Mach number and
total & static pressures at the impeller exit.
D- Determine the impeller total-to-total efficiency.
E- Determine the impeller speed.