Sanskrit by Cassette Lesson 12 Indeclinables Prefixes Adverbs Indeclinable Past Active Participle Nouns in 7INDECLINABLES (AVYAYA) Indectinables are in Sanskrit called Avyaya - unchanging. Their form remains the same genders and numbers. There are 5 types of Indeclinable. 1) PREFIX PREPOSITIONS: (upasarga) Used as prefixes to verbs and the words derived from them. n all cases, Ex. Gf back WAT - AH go back, rewum 2) ADVERBS: Ex. QA here A there AT then BEAM now 3) PARTICLES: Ex. 7 not — & indeed 4) CONJUNCTIONS: Ex. and fq but 5) INTERJECTIONS: Ex. GH (expressing wonder) ® (calling attention) 1) Prefix Prepositions (upasarga) Upasargas, when placed before a verb (or their derivatives) can be thought of as forces, which may completely change, or modify, or intensify, or at times, have litte effect on the original word. In other words, the meaning of a prefixed root depends on how the force of an upasarga interacts with the verb. ‘The upasargas most commonly used in Sanskrit are: Ge FA) go A - FA go beyond, cross feraereafet AGA te crosses the ocean. Fe cows AAT= Fos teed ea) SAAATRAAT RIL You css beyond death AR cy cony A - A canty across afererenfey at AETHLL carry him across the river. Bago HA - FA gone beyond wpm) LATTA GACATAT: | te nas anscended the guns, Used with adjectives and adverbs, SAFE means too, very, excessively. FR cel HRT very cruel AFET beautivul MAILE very beaut FAT lovely AAERTT very bovely Fz ola aaa very old BAT Cy sand AR ~ PAT stand over; ocupy (sca) TH: FRAIL SHPEAFETESAEL | ana occupies the throne Fedo ANB pte over spect Sisfisfieaa 28: 1 He is apr by the go AL) go, HA - TT seach beyond; acquire aafan aftrrestt | ‘You attain peace. Be eo — ART -F po beyond; sy Sat: Ar eA | ‘The vedas are leamed by hin See afta TH aA orpTEREA | repre wera Aree | organi ger sor | FY FN A) eembealog:sypahiewih Qo ne) AT TH FY = TR 0) take ater: accept asa avr, obige HRA APTN: | rey 1 FY = ML) 0 after, folow SY ~ F (8) do ater; imitate «with in ease) Sis fotos Ra inte Me iitates Lod Nstyady Y= Wy) beater; experience, fst ea he warm ofthe sin | sympaize with you am much obligedEE e ee eee BT - FH (do wrong to, do harm to (with 6m) A TAT: ATER | “He does harm to her (6th), ST - Tay go away, pass away BE aA ATTEFA |All passes with time B= AT) tead or take away, remove at wae areTate | Knowledge removes far. HAT - A (1) speak wrongly, abuse, censure AT: HOTT HURRY | A man must not abuse others i RRC ener men ine acme! greatly 1) 3H 7a) go towards, speech FATE SHPTERTTAA | approach sh town SAP - AT (9) now toward; recognize HLA AAT AAMT: |The sth is not always recognized APT - AF C4) eink towards; sive fe a SAP what is desired by you? (PPP of dese takes 68) 2) SPH - AT (1 sun towards, against; ack — TA TAL SAE | sma attacks the enemy, RPE - STF cyte bor to or for a eng afrara ef or fer th sa of da 3) SFT - RF (6) srinkle o, shower Ba: uf SHPARTERY 1 Mey he gous shower ihe ea APH - FE cy cain wpe, pour won re: deanfor oAPHeRES | May te clouds in apo tee 4) SRT ~ Fy be over orerpower sng arerey PART | earn overcomes adharma. 5) SPH - FFE cy woe greatly eR SAT: GAPE | People rejoice due tothe Set. away. off, de AAMC) go down: wndeand FE ATE TTAB | cee FA - FE cr cat off; separate, lima E:T TO Har | ‘The guru is not limited by time, ‘Note: Us ava inetd baiween and preceding shot vowel HA - Fi (9) know down; disregard ‘fam ae oT aR: 1 ‘Why am I disregarded by you? FHF cr cows down; decend ARTA TEP: ATER |The Lond dens fr the sake of he got FBT 1) sd aways abe PE RSH ra ‘The sage bie in i om nate im enn eee eee erat 3) with verbs of motion ar giving, ST usually indicates the reverse movement. 1) SH - BH (6) daw towards, atract. BAT ~ FPA 1) go towards; approach, size The moon atc the water “The town was sid by ene, 2) SAT - TE 1) move a around ct, peor A good peon ats wth compassion, SAT - FA (5) collect at around; accumulate TT TTT STAT | Wealth is accumulated by effort GT - BTA (1A) shine al around De HATA TL SAFER: | hat which shines al around is kai (space, ether 23) SAT - F(t reverse of go come A ANTES | Come here GT - ET (3) revere of give: receive Baer: FF SEA: | “The gift was received by him ST ~ A (1) reverse of lead, take; bring fen. ae fief are ‘Should I bring friends, 2) superior 3) upon, over above 1) FEC = BR deaw up, exter Bat At GET TAA | May Cou draw me up out of suring SG - PAT eA (1) stand up, get wp SPAS BET STAT |Get up and perform your dy. FEY - FA (19 fait wp: ty Bt TTA RT TAA | stow does Hanuman fy to Laaks. 2) FE - ATA (2) sit superior; be indifferent FS PA: TATRA 1s God indifferent? FEY - FE cra) endue superior rave ower, beable TAB TA GAL! You are abe to do tht. 3) FEC - FAG) createfemit over, ypon; pour for AAT: TATA | “The clouds pour forth cer nn Ce FT - F do, pe ocr tee, lp (aes ea) AAT TUR |e gu tls every tay FH -AE y move nnsby he sie fev, wat pon SATE HU STARA | Te ty snes es SU FER (LAVA stp, advance sowed: begin BoE gE AH: resin w se ati) the ih FA - TA) g0 near; approach, visit SETAE THA STEAL | et me approach the guru for advice, FI ~ FE (4A) go near; reach, happen Ta saa | Thus i happens. BUY ~ FR) show by th ed fac fae: TEU TAREAATA | the ste be wht by the uc ‘FA - IT 3) pur down (upon) BEA: AF TTATATT | Let the hand be placed om the hea. JH = (2) measure by te side of compare FRA: HRS RUT SMAATAA|ter ace is compu with she moon FA - Tc take detghe or rest towards; ease FETA AA: SATAY | Let the scviies ofthe mind cst. cee em er er eee mee F-FBM 6 teow down put down, depos LT PAT ee FH AE go isso, an fe Prva 1 Let hia the sigue (Wei FR (0) tot owe apres, con area: oe: FR 1 rat was supresied ine PP FF = FL) all down, descend ATES: TATA, PATA | May Gara descend from ie sky FF - FH 6) open (opposite, down): close eyes, TAA Fafa 1 ‘Close your eyestwo). FF - AA CLA) happen opp. tum, abstain fom TH ARTE AT Pree | Do not abstain from your duty. FF - BEL (7) oppose down; check, keep down AA: AAT FEB: | The (mental) activities are checked by the yogin, FF - A cy live in; dwelt, occupy Bm: EEA BATA PHA 1 ryna occupies a pace inte heart 3Shure RCceRUURU MEL ema eum Kee FA = FRG) throw away, cast on TAT: Ga PTET | Let the people eas out misery FC Bela) see our gaze a sensiy AAA: BUTTE TUT PTAA | Yogns eb te pesto of forms. PAE - TA (1) go away, dopan AUF. AT Fra | ‘Do not depart from your dharma PAE) peak aay fom: deve FOR: ART PEA | The word is derived fom Sane FRE - AT (2) blow out, extinguish wea fad Prats Prater His mind was extinguished by nitvina FRO =H odo anys enone, pet AL REMPRAT PT ee FAR - 7 1 cross over, overcome aftay ange: Fra | Let us cross over the river of adversities CC nner emt UT - & (6) dovser aside: disregard BIG ATT CATA: |The danger was disregarded by the hero, - FPH 1) wat oppose a apy courage A THAR CTH 1 aon stow courage on te elo am FAT =F aA) one tt TU: Be Hf TTA | assassinate een oy GFE = FR) wat to, move toot FRIRT: AA GPA | in soa tain the ces TOPE - 1G 09) grasp all around, possess OF ATAAT A GALETRTAAY | weattn was not possessed by the sidhu TafE - Ate» ead acound the fir mary ACR: FRR: OTe PLOT 1 ue oer) assy, Siva mares Parva UE - FATT (1) leave all around; renounce AAT TA TATA | Tre sannyasin renounces everything RAE CU Uem ET Onee Deen en ec KS KK ENN FT FAACA) shine os tecome meet BART AA SA: TERTAA | ny G's power, rton emai. BL) te aay bbe eanged st ARTE: TH APA | patri nraged at Ris F- FPA (IU) go forth; set out, begin wert ware | Begin now! =F) tow in fay, down be ambie —— AALSMAEATE TUTATA 1 t bow down to ta xg ace FAT) give fom, grant AAT: SAT FATE: TER: | the grace of God is erated to al FFA 2) speak forth; declare RAT AT: RTA: GTA: | By me, the ancient Yoga was declared (W - SH) Siig Meer ee er eae rearte eS CPRE ECR UE OCCU SAR = cy do ack py bck TAY OR RTE FAH | rhe er spd bck byte hapins fhe sn GAC - AT on) know towards: promise — AYA: TPH GFETSTA: | Liberation was promised by his gura 4AAO (A) so towards, coe yA Se GATAIA “The wie ran takes efuge in Go GAEL HT (2) shine forth, beomes manife TA AAT GATT | ‘Truth always becomes manifest GE BAT cy stand cowards; stand im RT TT SAFEST caf Feel His wisdom is established irony Prete einem amr Cre f= 5B dorevene: ater change TAU ARARE: RIT: | wine aon i tera by changes £1 = 5B ny eve by se Fah GRA: PALL Te jvel was sd or eet as) tress, FAI Ga) tow tou: diuact AR: PATA: APICAL |The mind a) nea ue anes jumph over TH: BET BZ FAIA | ams always wimps over the enemy. F81- BT A) know (prticulan; know (he world) APTAT SAT: FBRATET: | By he sage, people are known, $8 - 8TT ) pur, set apart: perform a: BACT PAFET:* | the yajna was performed bythe priest. (FPP HT fem FH - FLAP) reverse remember; forge PAgTat eu Perera 1 In sleep, you forget your form FH - FH (1A) conguerintensty ERMC OUR on aeR em I een Ce mene Note here: anusvira before 7% and WHE precedes % - in alphabetical order. BAL AACR) check fll: concenute fully AAA: FA: AAA The yosin's mind is fully concentrated, FL - AE CU) speak together, converse A= ACA) go togstner, meet AAT RPTERTE BATE | Meet and converse together in peace you al). AL - F (Gv) make perfectly, ado, vefine ABTA AEH UTA | Sensi is the perfectly made anguage 2) ADVERBS Adverbs describe when, where and how with regard to te action of the verb. Adverbs are generally indeclinable, although they can be derived from a declined form of the noun. For example the adverb FF here, appears ony in the form given; whereas the adverb HEA happily, or iterally, with happiness, is the third case singular of the noun GIR happiness. SOR UML eie Elements of the more common adverbs are often derived from pronouns From 7 that - 7 + adverbial ending 7 in, atthe location of = 7A there AT. then From 2% this - A here gery now From Pm what - PI where ET when From 4@* which - WA where = FET when From 34 all - 4 everywhere EL/AART always *Ne: The relative adverbs derived fom TG. are almost slays used along withthe demonstrative adverbs derived fom 7 - Examples: TATA: , TA GAP: where smoke is, there is fire. RT AMPA: , TET GTA When there is peace, then there is happines. 5DER ence ee na ‘The suffix @: added to the same pronoun elements described in the previous section forms an indeclinable form of the Sth case, used with nouns to indicate from, or due (0. from that; therefore Also frequently 471 / AAT, due to that from this; on account of this from where, what; whence <éue to which; since from all (sides); all around; completely 7 may also be added to nouns, ereating an indeclinable form of the Sth case ARIE due to reality ora: due to dharma ‘ava: due to yora gadga USL MCU UM UOMO Co RE CLL ‘The suffix QT (or 4H or HT) is added to the same pronoun elements described in the previous sections to indicate manner or way. war so, in that manner / way a thus, in this manner / way =a how, in what way wat as ex, BET Bh FAT FL sas proper soit was don. waar in ovary way STAT otherwise wT in one way, singly agar in many ways een Ome OCCT ere ts TW just, quite, only, alone, / surely, really, truly, indeed TAA thus, so ‘FT and, also, moreover / even fA in this manner, (used as quotation marks) Ex. fats SOA gf PON: saa here (in this world) “Stand up Arjuna!" Krsna sai. again GA: GA: again and again again at all, ever, at any time aaa because, indeed, surely 3 / PR. but, moreover STU here, now (begins) Used te esning of « work 5Indeclinable ‘The Indeclinable Past Participle (IPP) is formed by adding the suffix “IT to any unprefixed verbal root. This is generally done in identically the same manner as the addition of @ or # in the case of the PPP (See Lesson 11). The Indeclinable Past Participle can be formed by removing or 7 from the PPP, and then adding 1. “The letter % indicates that the addition of the suffix will not require guna Usage ‘The Indeclinable Past Panciple i used to indicate the fst of two actions performed by the same subject. ex: Eafe aT Having eaten, 1 studied ‘a TARA ABTA | We prepared the food and ate. Examplés of Indeclinable Past Participle Formation The following examples are identicle to those given for the PPP in the previous chapter and serve as review of the different types of formation. Root PrP re A ead a led AAT having led = take FA taken BAT having taken B do 7A done 7AT having done Faq throw PRAT thrown PATA having thrown SI ae cd TA — protect tfaa protected —-tfaAT having protected ‘UTX speak aunfa spoken anfrat having spoken foe, write Feta wien flefeear* having writen "AMUN ml ally take guna ~ frat AULA OME SECU LISS BOOMS CLL SS OL a 1) Final % of an anit root changes to % before FAL release YA released © WARAT having released FA speak ‘Fa spoken «SAA having spoken 2) Ordinarily a final % changes to ®% before 7 A abandon ATA abandoned © =HAAT having abandoned 3) a) Sometimes a final H changes to cerebral "before @. then also changes to cerebral Z FPL create AS created AZT having created b) The same occurs with a final = FR ask WSF asked FET having asked 7©) The same occurs with a final FA see FS seen ET having seen 4) A final causes the suffix 7 to change t0 cerebral @ YR nourish © nourished RT having nourished 5) A final & requires a change in suffix, from @ to = in the PPP; not in the IPP fog cut fea cut fee having cut 6) a) A final "becomes & before 7. The aspiration is thrown forward onto the 7, which becomes aspirated @. The final soft’ % of the root causes the hard aspirate 4 to become soft aspirate 4 FA know AZ known ACPA having known ) A final % becomes @ before @. The aspiration is thrown forward onto the @, which becomes aspirated , The final soft ®of the root causes the hard aspirate 4 tobecome soft aspirate mH eet ‘A gotten «RAT having gotten 7) A final dental or labial nasal ie. Ror A. drops before 7 FA think FA thought AAT having thought ieee ee ‘TA ~— gone ‘WaT having gone 8) Ina final AA of a 4th conjugation root, the 3 lengthens as it does in the base of the 4th conjugation, and the final becomes dental = before dental % mL ATE) forgive IFT forgiven TFET havingforgiven + Tee as are opin FR Gora go, walk TT gone FAFA having gone = fear fen 9) A final & is thrown forward on the 7, making it aspirate 4. is replaced by the guttural soft letter A. The soft 7 then causes the following & to become soft % bum wT bunt ERAT having burt In some cases, The final guttural soft aspirate & and the dental hard @ are resolved by merging into 1 cerebral soft aspirate @ . In this case, a penultimate Z of the root lengthens: WE be confused YE confused BT _having been confused +opsonlly set wih guna: Hear aE cary FE camied =H having carried Exception: AG endure Te endured SGT having endured Optionay: aft-at This completes the rules for anit roots. 8TOUR GLE a) Roots ending in GFT (and roots in % - treated as roots in 3M often form their IPP irregularly PAT remain FRAT remained FRAT having remained ST place Replaced ~—=—FRAT_having placed ) But sometimes regularly: WT know Fa known TAT having known 3% mmodiate FAT meditated ATAThaving mediated aR ne Roots ending in long 3%; % becomes $f ; after a labial, FT F replaces 7 as the suffix in the PPP, But not in the IPP. JT cross AMF crossed Ateai having crossed Labial qa woh ful gaat having filled UOC 0th House roots, keep the 37% of the original base, and like the PPP, the vowel strengthening. FE steal SARA stolen STRPAT— having stolen FR weigh etfs weighed eteoFre having weighed T_ arange TH arranged TAP —_ having arranged FAFA think Feifeaet thought — faacat having thought Prefixed Verbs in the Past tense When prefixed verbs are used in the past tense, they are placed before the augment H continues to immediately precede the verbal base. Ex, FQ + FAA = AAATAH They both conversed. 4 HER = AIGAA. They all fell down. FY + SHAH = GAVEL | experienced 3rd ara, dnd | aa: | Pa | Te ara, Istlia Indeclinable Past Participles of Prefixed Verbs When verbs are prefixed by the upasarga given in the first $ pages of this lesson, the IPP is formed by adding 2 to the base of the PPP of the same verb, and CH to a verb ending in a short vowel. Examples: Verbal root IPP Prefixed Verb IPP Be w zr HY - FB ew) ho ater: imine aT ered ear sar | Having done is work charted he it we Ae PEATE PORTAL mising Ko, became Kon pee SET PO: He Hw & at FY beater experonce eet ITT aft yet caafafere: | ‘On becoming a sage, you discovered your power. erating afte: afar eure: | ‘On experiencing power, you knew compassion, FARR Ne apron, gra: FL) £0 at FY = TA go ater, flow arr faaftr at 7 Tarra | Having gone to the market, I returned home. ‘of - array PATA TT FAT THAA | Having followed my dharm, experienced happiness, eA SFE RPAH 34. STA, Ay bead Arar aft. at muy after Beat ret at AARAITTTATA | Leading te army, thy 2) approached the ocean aga Sarre, Shad feet area SMATEA | Having aries Drape he Ploavas rejoiced, TERT: a. ER BA) sey ferat AE = BAT stand over occupy afrery APR: AT YR ALTA | Remaining npr atthe tineof eth youll cose beyond, PARA AP «eT sateen rages HST resting ove the sees and ind abide a the se a: @ anftresre qo: rarest Way know wet Ger - know towards: promise HA - AT Ta aat wares | ‘Tins having known, we attained peace, waa of. srreere feat serge APA | Having promise succes, be sad fe, FA cy conquer frat £8 - FF triumph over fairer SA FAA AA AACTAPATAATEA | Having conquered here, begin kes 4 cn) a new work thee. TARA ST Bere faster aaTeTAPATATEA | Having wriumphed over desire, let me overcome even time, BTR sift sient 10FRU aa) ink Aeat PY Think towards: deste PTT lireg) HE Fe Ble AAT EERE PATA | Having tought, “tam not the body", let's reside in dhe hea. ae: oft aferafinrer ae Aaa: GPLATRY | Desiring iteration, et them renounce attachment completely. FR Sf TR ©) grasp, hold tar UAE - FE grasp al around; posseess — OFTRT ‘Pero RAP ETA AA TATTAIA | Once having grasped objects, the senses took refuge there aptran efeganfr ofa. ore ad after at fet a eta | hating even al sod he mia det desi om tv. suit Proms FRc fait aferat FA OR salt down; descend Frat oferar safer | Having fallen, {was distracted. ogra PTT RATATAT APTI | escensing onto Lani, Hanumsn bepan his search Er sae FAO create, emit Ta FE - FA emit over: pour forth Red ATR GS AGT TAA: Ba A FAFA! once eating pines at home, men must ot abstain om iver servic. Sat Re sore | Having poured forth, the clouds went away. Fa: ara AA (2) speak seat W- FA speak forth; declare Did TERR PoUSPTEAT | Having spoken thas to Arjuna, Kisoa sled, TR SPAT BE: IA IT RTE tM aT POM: RE GAA | saving ecard he ancient Yop Krsna shone forth in his ue form, JO) cross ateat FA ~ J cross down, descend wach BE teat PATA ATATATAT | raving cossed the ocean, Hanuman serched for Sa rere arr pa : ABOONSTETT | Having descended, Visou was bom as the Avatira Krse poe ere: BN: SATE Bl (1) remember Wat Fe - BL forsee Prey TET TART WAT AACHPAATT: | Remembering your te nature, you may cross beyond the ocean of existence RR athe: Tae PART BIE STARE | Having forgotten one’s tue nature, one may atractdificulties. sg: srl |Masculine and feminine nouns in 7% Nouns ending in % are similar to nouns ending in consonants (appropriately, since # is the vowel sound, having similary to consonants). Like nouns in consonants, nouns in have what i equivalent o strong forms in Cases 1, 2and 8 ( see screened areas). There are two kinds of nouns ending in 3. Masc /Fem Nouns of Relation: Masculine Agential Nouns Father, Mother, ete. Feminine nouns in are only Nouns which describe the person who does the of this type. In the strong forms, the endings are particular action of a verb, ie. teacher, leader, formed by the guna of * + plus the prototype thinker etc. In the strong forms, the endings are ‘endings. Fem. are identical to Mase, except “plu. formed by the vyddhi of # + plus the prototype endings. Masculine and Feminine % - Nouns of Relation 1) Subject fem, 2) Direct Object Fe: 3) by / with T 4) to / for (Indirect Obj.) aT 5) from S: may 6) of /'s/s' 3: tT: 7)in on /at aft qr: 8) Direct address a Masculine Agential Nouns Singular Dual Pi 1) Subject 2) Direct Object 3 thru 7) 8) Direct addressMasculine & Feminine 7% Nouns of Agency (Masculine - leader, teacher, singer etc.) 1) Subject 2) Direct Object 3) by / with 4) to/ for 5) from 6) of /'s/s' 7) in [on / at 8) Direct address 1) Subject 2) Direct Object Note 7 changing into its long form 4 } semivowel © 3 guna AL ; veddni STL Singular Dual | L r l Note Strong endings in Cases 1, 2 and 8: Nouns of Agency take STE - vrdahi of Nouns of Relation take AX - guna of * Novechange of To ater 71) Subject 2) Direct Object, 3) by / with 1)10// tor 5) from of /'5/ 5 7)in on / at 8) Direct Address 1) Subject 2) Direct Object, 3) by / with 4) 10 / for 5) from 8) of /'s/ 7)in / on / at 8) Direct Address 1) Subject 2) Direct Object 3) by / with 4) to / for 5) from Oot /'s/s Nin on /at 8) Direct Address wa) Ce Scr ree i Ea ‘ferq - father ‘Aq - leader feet | feet | free: Bat | Aart | Aare: feerem_| feertt | far sar | Fart | a fag: | Reger | fee | | Fa apa | ae fag:? | ft: CL aT feafe | frit: feay__| | aafe | aa: aay fea: [frat | frre: aa: | Aart | Rae: Pq - brother ‘iq - leader wet | wet |e: sa | Sart | Sa: wre | wat wT Sara | Sart a wat | ape | wg: | | Sar Sepeam_| Sea: sage | wat: wgm_| | 3g oor SET wate [writ wy Sat | sa | agg wa | wet | wee aa | amt | aa A - mother ae - doer srt | aeet | mre: zat | sat | ate arm | arnt aafe | aatt | aa sen] separ | gfe: | | zaf_ | separa | aif: ar arpa | aps | | a eager | aps amg: | arpa |e | | ae aap | apa meg | net | argo | | gaat: ae arate [arte [meg | [eae | at | ty aa: | ama | wee | (at | aan | anteVocabulary Nouns of relation -Masculine Ageatial nouns -Masculine faq father a donor (from @T give ) wr brother a doer (from 7 do ) aT, son-in-law aq leader (from * fead ) was ‘grandson faq sun, creator (from | produce) age husband ee seer (from 7 see ) q man a Vedic priest (from & offer ) Feminine” a conqueror (from Ft conquer ) ay mother ae, teacher (from 8A teach ) attg daughter Cr speaker (from speak ) FA] sister-in-law ar, creator (from place ) mq sister wet perceiver (from & grasp) * declined like agential nouns Feminine agential nouns are formed by adding € to the with vrddhi in Cases 1, 2, 8. ‘masculine, and declined like ®t, Ex. 4f, afertt Exercises i) ma eet faa | ae ATaT aH | aa waar safersfere | My fathers very ol, My mother is very beni You sister x very lovely omen: ret ofa | rent et ofp) aaa: waar ato (ar 2 fates are very ld (Our (2) mesbers ae very benuiful. Your two sister are very lovely ears Ree: afar: | aera aT: or: | (Our fathers are very ol (Our mothers ae very beni 2nd) fart Ber are | arat BaaT sare | 1 always honor my father, 1 always honored my moter Frat wer aaa | Rreret Bey SrereTAAE | ‘We both always honor our fathers. We both always honored our mother ‘far BeT STA | ang: Baer araTaee | We altays fonor our fathers. We always honored our mothers 14 ar eae: PAT: | Your sisters ae very lovely wrarefrart az | “Let me now honor my sister. wart geri aaa | Let ws both now honor our two sisters aq: Bert araree | Lets now honor our two sisters,3rd) TH ETAT EA pA a | venti arqficeen ‘A jowel was given by the donee, Two jewels were given by the 2 donors, Jewels were given by the donors. ‘gfe Fear fixer 1 afecrtt ferpent fre afters: frp ea: 1 “The daughter was protected by her father. The 2 daughters were protected by their fathers The daughters. et 4th) Be: ea free: 1 Bat apt fart Ber: apa: fer: | ‘The Voda was taught tothe grandson, ‘The 2 Vedas were aught othe 2 grandion. The Vedas. ee mera) fea aR AL Me aa Reverence tothe mthes, fies, the sun, the see, the teacher, and the eet. Sth) ETA SIG: STA ert arpa Hed | erafh aqua: senna | ‘The git was recived from the donor. The 2 its were recsved from the 2 donor. The gis. et. Asma: org: fgg afqa emqa seat aoa fs aT pT Ze You were bom from your mother, and father, and the sun, and the rear, nd the ser. 6th) Wg: Baa FART | wa gfecrat wat: wf 1 aro rat: eae: ‘The sister ofthe snd isthe ss in-lam. My 2 dager a the wives 2 Brahe. The wives ofthe rte ser aor eae: | ae TAT GE | ‘Who is the sister ofthe husband? Who isthe baer of the husband? a feat THE 2 aT: ATG: | Who the daughter ofthe speaker? Who are the grandsons ofthe creator att qe: SET FETT | In yora, isthe abidence ofthe sce in the true nature, Tih) Bratt frafe a ferenfa* | at: feet: = fever 1 arqy faqy a fers Let me love my mother and father. Let us Boh love our mothers and fathers. Let ws love our mothers and fathers he vrs FEAR eke Th ce Beer ayeret Portas rer Perret stat arent fre freehfty eferttty ceenefte arerifer 1 When I go away from home, thea Tthink, “love my mother. also my fuer also daughter. sister. an bother. 8th) Bfta1 Ba B afer Swat: wae: FI Father! Mother! My 2 daughters! Brothers and Sisters! 15Selections from the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali arrearfit w 129 Te: TRATTRTATSOTATATAT | ae: Were - Sastre: oft eer sa: From that, (realization of the meaning of the pranava - ® OM) comes the attainment of reircted consciousness, andthe absence of interruption. FA: fromthat TAB - reverse -FAA- consciousness ARE: atainment ost sing) HPA also GTA. interruptions STUTE: absence qn. a 1s sing) and 130 PrafaaorstsaereT: | fera-fadtan: & sree: Sickness, dullness, doubt, carelessness, laziness, addiction, erroncous perception, failure to obtain stability (in abhyasa), non-abidance(in my own nature) are distractions in the perceptual field. They are the antardya, interruptions. aT. sickness FATA dullness WA- doubt TATE- carelessness SAGA. laziness SHERA-addiction Wife ZAA- erroneous perception HSE YHA unobisined stability START non-abidance fm 314 hay FARA field of consciousness FAUT: distractions im. Hist plu) these (m. pron. ist plu.) AFARTET: interruptions (m. 3 tst plo.) 16aq” i paqqarageas Whoever Verses from the wage Verse 1V 11 2 aot at WRT ARaa WTA | By gata DT: orf AAA: I whoever (m po, It pl. eave oA blow) in which way (ndetmbl, eve 1 AMT below) sme (ron 2 sng) they take refuge in (eb 9 (A) 3p presen) them (pron, 2nd plu, relative to @ abovey in that way (ecb, reve oT sone jst T have recourse t0 (rb (10) 15 ing preset 1 (pon tang) my (pon. 6 sing) way (a. FAP 2nd sing.) follow (sib AFA) 3p presen) people on. ft plu) (0 Partha (Arjuna). A 8 sing) in all ways in whatever way, takes refuge in me- 1, in the same way, have recourse to them. People follow my way, in all ways, O Partha. 0