Prt ing. RADU AGENT Prot ng. DAN DUNITESCU Prat ng. TUDOR POSTELNIC INDRUMATOR PENTRU CALCULUL SI ALCATUIREA : ELEMENTELOR DE BETON ARMAT Comentat ta prevederile prexriggior de Toglee, ebele jsdeare yl exemple decal ie alti conatructvs [assis & EDITURA TEHNICK Bucurepe! — 1992Copyright © 10, Htura ebm ia PREFATA Intern ini « STS. 1010700 cn raid bot re En i tte ‘Sirs sl and fads © a en 2 SEES mete ma a an SA ed art” ty pl rei nut Sab fre di tt 1 alice ghar crea ond ~ fram te orl wn age pt Sled het ofa es Site ra Sl a aries epee Ia pevederilesando et te flere Ine Se lars pi er red seen cna ase Cortada Hh a race Feces ent ede atm presi ibid SUA ny Na ek 1 Sc a tc an ad coe er reeset (ae ee ae pf hr asa nda ‘anise ous Tsien one ambit mr stmdd eins nae ote i do ie pot em fc et prota rac’ csi coer io 1b dete te, sont ae sat cnc afr waft ece me ae ot il der ah li bh chee pt flcoeetaare Bybee phate tec eema a fray beets 6 tasty a eats ead {sin onion ct bd tte den sa eat. effin nn ne tn ded explicate seer wile fe dato tn cae fdr orlas 9 ein Sp eer ae "rma metic cpl crm poi ie cuprnd ‘ps cide id oar we, po deo eon mat, SEES ini tae 9 cha esis ed cofst ft roa a SBR S Sea es nalts ihe te at a ria eae aac lr ca ee i td fl "ouacnaicd «consul ol, a felallree oo sensed ei de maw: = Sitnet le pti Cadaacmad C20 F1P (i) te wee rmerderbaderca ara er dice de Yee en an dentin Irfan sappaieare mons mol na nr gmt relict hin ana tio mala fone tte en cnc. unin eleaiat l oascare 9m se mi wre de dorm arn roi bord” (arma ntraians h- ice eater te ory sine omtrace ow somone ral) | I rol spree pr see se Ts Bl oe 5 Sih ur pe att itt ibn i et uiheeeay bivee Ee i ete a i tl eine acne, spice ar Sa i enincae aS ea er Feterecteereariehe eens Be begat Tea de Govdri Baer coated ane et rin mgt ne Cee te EE ea ie Seiad le eel ia aad ler al or rowpi mtr ateat! fe npeger ao Seer rene i £ avr she crete noses Poo pele ol se cs —— coat ‘CUPRINSwee Hee BOS EERE 2 BEE Sat1 PRINCIPIILE METODEI DE CALCUL 1.1, CONSIDERATII INTRODUCTIVE re ol ras ceattarae comes ere see Snes gee da sear ae apes rom Aaa 8 oh aoe Sceeals ’ stu io shea couttls pone tna dit fafa de act eee ere Eee ae, au np mf Eee tection " = / oo -—— sage Ea TE ie ea CEC of-h™hr Easiest titi cepted as ol Lr oleae med ree Sen PA EAA oes 1.2, EXIGENTELE DE PERFORMANTA $U STARILE LIMITA agra afi ape petra tiara previeath, construe tebe ol saapan cu gre de Aaa corsair, opt cine SEG Si arr defo ane da ier pl if Sil le es pteIeee po ee ct SRE ces eens rea MOS tone elemento ao rel a Grace pees ime Dept une any Sint reac ‘Trentenfl materiel a orate Gio oe alae to ress evita cabin ete set dp {SES ana dot Stents ieeessnbl mentor scetuae Deas Se oar nkineea gaara etarans Seeks deme, lena» petbogie ogress (gue ghee SE cere aie 6 dct pm seek cme supe wt 2 in cae dorian rr, rnapane x pin een ae bir ‘Sih nett sheet ese . “afraid eect fae ate tr ie mente ctr (i emrtinete S'Speedteaetaseth in eae ttervontelar Ra eondeelor de & freslcetea ange semen de tccmodiate sau hie, deine se jela ncaa oot mae Maps 2 the eiete de een expla, cam tee care via ct ah alte agen teen ere a Tepe irtar at cttnerpee Sonne ‘Stat ent S21 cxmpmneanre eller pan de wl ste in tee eur frp Y48) eect fate nt apie ites cme ein ci sce wt leo cau la louis be rege nce tere cxin Some nc) tit ae tea paraiso pr Taal pute S'S pune pola nae al te Smt nr de ined ean ce ie Seiden nash resets Sstly eu ail 9 ubls dependent iSpy Die seta cace See reac ame al son dora odor proton soc _ Trin Sit non its Sie ent Lee SS a Se tact examina ae op ant erat a ek Sse, nf dua ata sie co eae Sees dada State dant tend eae Sromet a der hte tee BEA cea mane da Rast cin Sash ene Scent bs eee rece a acer, Sehr Gan nda il pica Pacis late SRE Se ie an eta tls SSNS ea als lo ire pom inant pcan da ice anata aes meek eg ale Sater deel Sion, Rea Pincay Sa Sees Sasa cea ees equate ean enim bee sir ear: nde wc quate fare bis cues deme coc de Rie Seis i Walla en taal Skee ORES GS i et ae a chee ne sepa Patt on, SE ca ees ; Dope neste, telat pet ce sn so DES nga po an 1»‘ae ansanio4a ale sntereslorsocictai, Jegute de conde si erinfle glale Ee oon al a ei Se at ul de sguanls corepuneter jeserpior oe pokey fontaey ‘ttn etna ln dt leita terete ee He oficne ntreaonle (et euspees mmission eke Zalcter avind in vedere expen Wien lor Intranet ap restr indngt. 18, METODE PROBABILISTE DE CALCUL LA STARE uot tn ce rf nei ts vost castes s Salee meget fae nt am pare sods a So SaaS St n+ ee en oon Man end cy pt ray ens ow nd ares howe paar Sere ot alee a ew iy ee deere eae: Thali eels era sn si na ror ttn ERS ee fara a a ae 1 conser sloulten variates uetoare 8 dior ec aaa “ganec ants aera a cee 0 cee rte enc Slndinee pe spronodri entreate sae er ae es rece grin sue etm tg grein Are ee ae Ree ‘eins sci act pet nt a i ‘eft alte eomtraripren valet flea sees cae oe SEnrrasieesole Seti. A pee al ee sane Pentre fin se Limit ec eh como xn afapaven ce "enl medal de ele care rete ssttdllor aa {tel Sone Ta ed ica dura une OSPR {ibe core eu vel de pecs gen graded de are date oe Datele de back ale exleulelar peivese: ns Sehonde open centers i [Secon acnmone se malar (olay se teem 4 Heine gemcrice le sonar 9 le roe de tern nb eegnemgnge de formar srcturle, peice destinaielcnetracti. “Sk deals vette emia: capend fapial Koes Sue © Raia an cae tab te ae le ou moc antes mins eer ait 1 eae em etc ca ces Sug rae etre ttl lala a pra i de pre Bitae (Ge itena) aap al cpsct renin in ee ee ieee et mee Tee aha lt age mn ty vores ie al a Soe ee eon “ote d's analize pratt dol erento eat.) Saar = Som Stam Spe 6) wa inate oe, ot lade mens falas uty car a rosie Gia mat wlor mine babe ae tes‘getretor si, nual In stati pci unt petra cet prmancote ‘valor ine potable te ators) Ra 2 RBs Rene) oy Seiot saursiini meme fehig meet et Else welts ea ca ce ce ae se a ees rs a Soe eS aan i dS een phe ‘apr e 995%) "ale de cls ae iecresor le cetera crate or sae caecteStce (Gente bit ja prescripie in fre noah ‘ate sora) ae gals retention de ele male ort Binns ee eee i matin ars ae aaa Sek eee cee Saloon de ar acpi As poe pevate coe cou eligi cua gadaat guare SES Sait eae Peling apa see pond eas ‘Dna de belt pne tel cab del’ fe ‘MSN Tale expotcl morale, Inca. or mal edn 08 forage ste mi pote dace spe sator imi lie Somnwa renin (ei) va Kuta mb forma Saas © Sap wy onde Sap Ra ‘Ta"Trctoe sate mdse, tere Indra. pind de on an prt ee Tin Shit wt at ‘peat oa condia te Fasten 8 menu (vernl ale Mado Pre € foo ey De suomi cre mene! de sat ae ‘Hetenel Ge pe ernie ride Ga soc din int acisoen plot ‘tnt impling erentat che ge ordinal ds) pesca cdiia de ‘Sgrana penta nung contre ae eb at cape form (lig 9) Prat § Par 0 sf i tiie ra oh phe een ts le alae va eae pa ea SSS io a a $F dhlomare Ia cfu wie intense, condita de sgeanta ae bay 09 yakarea maxing a deplsiorzontale sts pec valiues ectad See cae 6 poste Sopra sine year ae apt ee ‘pris, acum re meat ante Syopit de ee med 1 praia Ga ale esl tae sp fata erica, asin eet dn Reman, egal repels ite a acta cent de pire Ut es ee oie sensed a savesional pera one cami valerie bens onan wee he ide charat ch nat seucuer Hate eter nt (ii), Ineadede extumare stmcdlul caret ae eta been aman spect armel eesere wencbti a Pst itdee serine eae Pert (ootats en Pin fg 13), efi femaren mt an ‘dave pln alien pac 2 detest ath eae Se ’onplepateate, vitle penta stabitatesstuctar, ate sopra, wa ene NStan oat ies co te ma malt fo ot sto ‘ts tun pat mas mare note thle ds Rich Je aeeatn o detemnaren eo seen Si roe ne tal i a ek Price Scat istics spears pn ln ape pines roast plastics (oementTa eae orf apieat actor are valenree TeREILES magni Bae 2 oa nme in 1.4, ACHIUNE IN CONSTRUCTHE Aa, Coracterearea gf casificarea aeftunilor voi x sn de meet ra conn tm ed ape ape’ earn “icaeall gies cuales ola pin efor cate ce eo ae eae oe tpn Gp tale fmm CEM ile Sle a dma erm stl rece, "el Weert” nt ues “Tmo a en at accede perme ee mths cmt, itt ge tie eka afar dace ” len ees & fname de ru detit probabili sat eal ea ele sien ett mee SEAT tte wheat ha al dt pe at ‘ceeds State we ulus lee nemat tate’ Settle tas nea praate re antcnie a fret de bet aa2 CARACTERISTICILE DE CALCUL 3 ALE BETONULUI en epi te rind ot i al oe eet a Eee Beet ae artes hee monies ote ceria te i Sa oe ren cee ae Ree eee 2.4, CLASA BEFONULUT tas 1140 rere pos pr elt» eee arma se ce exuctetice Etomi a te nee sng a gah Oe cated dias cha ees: ea: Be SRE SUES ous he, Beige: ito 58m BEAD Stith win a one Oey aerate ts a mle eee ees en cece pee a er SS iS, Meet se cen iat a prea aoe cite Greer (Gd tn ine eimai 2 iRSfe aafacia wate seo oe es ch / Dae alate de bean, vet obit pe somenee, ei er ove: ea any Sa eater ee ssc aries os ay gad SEermimte ps iad spar spel claret 5st Tc ema cca saa po py ren cid ie RO aus le Ra Bl ~ 18 Cu) ey sc ot tie tea sndp a Sa te rr aa Seems ae ee Sere cee taryat ach mre attain eiervonfanin! wine Siocg, ear e cde Suna pts Ste Sd int paid peti Se on Tse # dea dea reface cosas de ‘nue etl, duc reel salt uh nie captor de ono (Genta peprdn Beton, Tote ncaa wet podacinesmogene ‘Svarablade mare arsine (eit mul se cote de ‘ge C,) pare mal cvdeots satiate tli valod med sv ‘tora’ ar dd lon ps Sin el letodsceren une cinoma lmple 9 le, peraite at mls daseate ‘vain insane eau peesPoot eloace en agrpate won, denunite fn contnare bonne re a aac Me 8 ae tern a ante Acton Snomid cota beara eka 2 ag et erage "sie ett ie te ga memati wnt iin cos pm cna SEE se an si) comin ek apse for Shia el ca veriwes ef In soto cre ant rst de tna Ry =O f masta xpi sae sabe eu tela (413) emspunore sb de compresneExplitnd exeesa momentla capable fewer defint de cain (414 pena al scion deplunghare se ois Mae Mi etn us Carin aie ne Wg AF a pera mente comprinate nese eat caverpenath memontce capable co ‘elo dnt dame de comportars dice competane ‘Sata cerdonatle pascal Ge tales denit a get ‘igi eal fon teplonghare sees sevice Ia Snterctn rate hia} en dees 08) ebb Nena unfis|iranae] ew respect Mao 03 Noh M8) oy Bis ee ee ini pa y <9 eR) Seach apa feo nie ig Devoe tn de Ne Nm Ny evte demon whet letite de EES ene io i ot tren me n't pe id edo eric med dence we i a ain a i a ‘ris saddardl 10 10710" litical a mod scopetor momenta Shah meena de tare at 28 na 9 eres Eo fa de str, bie ¢ ae Ae ghia mien copunsoarpinca Be pre Saw: (us) # Mew tan wy spit tan de etl de tte a fc a eam ‘susan bi ‘setts task, STAS 1010390 define, menial camprsiunt ‘xcentica co excntsctate med pa iiervalil de excontschal 1s < 5. CALCULUL ELEMENTELOR DE. BETON ARMAT. PRINCIPII DE ARMARE 54, CONSIDERATI INTRODUCTIVE, Aplicatea meds tno tse pecactte sau Ta verifearen ee sneer de elem srt lle exeataren operate inate i seers “Gti 31 Ireaptll de fat fac coment evn aul lair de ‘Belarus consented ease sot presets in STAS 19107090 nt cu pci a fern emt btn inten subsume sacar! exper deformatior plastics Ta acti ‘ehmie intense, a polars sua wera lor sai veers pre ‘Sel opdele coe vor comentate in eptell & ope api mtoe! ste ith a fost prevents came late fn ctl, In subaptl ease dna nama nce Pec Fp Inentavepiviad venice impcate de operate da fig 3. cali a ses ins de vex dep aa eam ete previa fn STAS 19 ‘ohio cebuseal pe condi (0, unde Sn eet rt main. (a ‘Save maid) So ssetianea imate 50 foie place costes lowe ot Be eperin fortl capi oli 2S capi) aera sent Sue 38 ‘Shin urs alo tte a sae ten eomieriad neces "ey aloe tect in pole ee mat davon {sion pest Sy 2 bine

liesja exit asopra.sguraneh elementeoe comprimate de taetan arma ve recomend of wa onary Calan ar Ss LIE pela ibe ug a sn ace in’ coin spronimativy al momentelar de ordinal Tih seh (34) ye! pargrall 32.4 ee san hari pnt emer aati {in care verileaea stabil pie ese neers de exempl ln slemente inte, a asp ten ei eae cl disper a core enti Tu st apa civics cates 1 rnat av face in patil (one peecte verGeaes {ht cgniraaind seme tig 94 ee Condes der se “cn ckment de been tral so canter meat foto sane ind ccmumeic de aera (eu btn, amar) eer Ing a int en ee i ya ene ml et da AS Serene ea Sate peers Seen eck ee iran 52, CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE REZISTENTA LA INCOVOTERE CU SAU FARA EFORT AXIAL 52.1, Introducere all ite Sob iat de Daa a Se rape a ‘Seflon nore Sua seater ‘ Smt wr sey ng M test spie star Sisreera mc Meares se eee char ig werk gee Set Si faeha ia ad als See cea Mage ee ancl tea atest nun nt th eibeethar te dap ca tones de tron mat oe Smet au Sect maanateas Ghana Sen SE ee tenet SUSE aW See, Wate ) “\re aga 8 wt pando aaa cls att ita” enamide Bo aa da ce tab dacs eons Mo hog a ena ea cu de nicer ate Hl Ma Mh ie STOKE dea stun pic oe ita : TE a ee ee ett ae weit peso oa Meda aus)Stam oy) duck encanta coetnts ston! ceainde verte w= in forma he lr th tet et Wide mat big uel sepraacret gravitate meena a x ca acne tine pnt de cocoate NH ref i eetecu cs ri en els ree nate ee tiers sei Be Tes se ss ee ed eg nici twtile Mtr, ganic fe pet wctine emo "el dlr pes ne gp camara tse oe dae Se se en a ane eae ‘Sar eden sch tivo Atl ye cree cont i et en a ae conte cect fe el ah Ss i a Sublette ned tc Mw 1 ee ys rn Sa Sega eens Say Sg St SiS a aera a ene in Sh et ig often aha pach TSGh Rt area a ia ca iat ee aa lig at yn 10789 oe se Si ts en “ ets gna eel isk este prevtnts pica a Tate is SIRE ooo coda water ten se raesakgtiOe8 PAN eras os nt dap da Emr nc orp ete aay eatin en’ care aac eae eal tam gmat ie ont aratas tale cuntcots bra ini sass arma ange a scant estes eh coh se oot 30H pene at sas tam a ste hemes sen See Sins In captsiel ? 1 ail ee a cnr 2a Se sega el 39 pent wens crop diane ee elton cated Ser Bn cee Te ete er act pts tite eet wmv liens poten ta Unmet a aes lla de ce ‘tat ‘G" resale experince oe