Final Report Stress Project Ar Rehman

Impact of Stress Management Program on Job Related Stress among Health Care Providers
Impact of Stress Management Program on Job Related Stress among Health Care
Providers and Its Management in Private Hospital
Zarish Fazil
Rawal College of Nursing Islamabad
Post RN BSN, Semester 4, Senior Elective Management
Mr. Mohammad Mubashar
28th December, 2020

Acknowledgement
I would like to thank my faculty Ms Maria Bibi for guiding and mentoring me for research, Mr.
Mohd Mubashir for his advice and support throughout entire research project and also for the
counseling when I felt everything is blown up, Ms Sadaqat the chief of nursing staff for giving
me permission for research project in area under her authority, Mr.Farhan for his support as
semester coordinator, Mr.sadaqat and Mr.Hashmat ul Azeem for mentoring me for English
language.
Special thanks to all group members Ms. Sana Batool, Ms. Sidra Gull, Ms. Sidra Noureen, Ms
Maria, Ms.Nosheen, Ms. Shagufta Mushtaque, Ms Nadia John, Ms. Shaheen Akhter and Ms
Waseema for their help and support in literature search, data collection, individual counseling
sessions and their cooperation throughout the project.

Abstract
There is a definite need of having a stress free environment for healthcare providers to achieve
the goal of best quality healthcare provision. A very important step to achieve this goal is to
assess the factors contributing to stress and to manage the stress with best copping strategies.
This research aimed to identify major stressors among health care providers in Rawal hospital
and to test the hypothesis that ongoing stress management program can equip/ accoutre nurses
with skills to cope constructively with the stress. using a one group pretest post test quasi
experimental design. Individual counseling was done by our data collectors after completing
each questionnaire and than a structured teaching session was conducted to introduce stress
management strategies. Data was collected using English version of a structured self-
administered questionnaire developed by Gray-Toft and Anderson. We used PSS (Perceived
Stress Scale) developed by Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein to measure the perception of
stress. Prior to intervention 85% reported that job is being affected by stress while in post test
this percentage was 80%. 45% reported that their strategies didn’t work but after intervention
68% reported that stress management strategies are helpful. In pre-test PSS (perceived stress
scale) 38% workers were upset “very often”. In post test only 15% reported so. There was a
remarkable difference in stress level and use of stress coping strategies after the Stress
management programs. These programs are mandatory for quality control and quality assurance
of healthcare services.
Keywords: stress, stress management strategies, impact of stress management program

Introduction
There is remarkable occurrence of stress in professional life as well as in personal life. Stress can
be defined as positive or negative, depending upon the situation. Eustress is defined as positive
stress. Eustress was defined as the positive cognitive appraisal of the response to a stressor. It
was experienced when the outcome was positive and when it preserved or enhanced well-being
Lazarus (1993). Eustress is known to be productive stress. On the other hand, negative stress
which is called distress results in the full-blown stress response. If someone continuously
experience negative stress it can lead to loss of productivity, health problems, and exhaustion and
further impacts satisfaction and turnover.
Health care professionals experience intense situations specially while working in intensive care
units. Perception of stress varies among persons based upon interpersonal relationships age,
gender, knowledge, cultural values and copping strategies. Most of the times people blame on
organizational set up, administration, supervision and policies and politics for stress. While in
same organizational setup many of the employs will be stress free. This difference of opinion
belongs to the effectiveness of coping strategies.
In 1960, Menzies first assessed job stress among nurses and he identified four factors as sources
of stress and anxiety among nurses, these factors are patient care, taking responsibility, decision-
making, and change related factors. When research began to start in the mid-1950s stress was
considered as a potential occupational hazard (Kahn, 1964). It has also been described as a major
factor affecting health (caplan, 1980). From the mid1980s, increased stress among nurses in
workplace have been attributed to such factors as the increasing use of technology, continuing
rises in health care costs and turbulence within the work environment (Jennings, 2008)
Although there are adverse effects of stress but stress is not a demon. It’s a normal phenomenon
which needs to be handled with positive approaches. Stress cannot be handled by blaming others.
We need to have insight of our own ability to handle stress. Effective conflict resolution is one of
the ways to avoid stress in workplace. Giving space to others, thinking beyond myself,
developing good interpersonal relationships among workers, having healthy lifestyle, giving
respect to gain respect are some of effective strategies to avoid stress. There are many effective
copping skills to confront the stress. There is an obvious need to combine the coping strategies
and management skills to avoid fatal effects of stress.
Rationales of study
After a critical analysis of the identified issues I assessed that there are integrated issues. Stress,
high turnover rate, dissatisfied employs, staff shortage, role conflicts, unclear job descriptions,
and many more are integrated with stress and employ’s stress is responsible for poor patient care,
absenteeism and turnover as well. We cannot jump in to organizational decisions but can
introduce stress coping strategies.
Although there are stress factors associated with all kind of job environments but Healthcare job
specially nursing is known as more stressful jobs. There is a definite need of having a stress free
environment for healthcare providers to achieve the goal of best quality healthcare provision. A
very important step to achieve this goal is to assess the factors contributing to stress and to
manage the stress with best copping strategies.
Stress is defined as an adverse or harmful emotional state when employees’ abilities and skills
cannot overcome the situations or tasks that put a strong demand on them or simply it is an
imbalance between demands of the situation and employee’s ability to cope with or respond to it
(M & Mosadeghrad, 2013). As we all know Nursing is a tough job field. Nurses face a lot of
stress during duties, especially in critical care units. This stress impacts not only the health of
healthcare workers but also the quality of care. I selected the topic “Impact of Stress
Management Program on Job Related Stress Among Health Care Providers and Its Management
in Private Hospitals” to get to know the sources of stress among healthcare providers and to
know how they try to cope with it using different stress management strategies. Furthermore
what will be the impact of stress management program or teaching sessions on copping behavior
of healthcare providers?
Literature Review
Occupational stress is a term used to define ongoing stress that is directly related to the
workplace (Fegan, 2012). Most of the psychologists have taken into account the demand,
perception and response while defining stress (Hamaideh, 2008). Stress is defined as an adverse
or harmful emotional state when employees’ abilities and skills cannot overcome the situations
or tasks that put a strong demand on them or simply it is an imbalance between demands of the
situation and employee’s ability to cope with or respond to it (coyne, 2013)
The concept of stress is encountered frequently in daily life at some point in time. Stressors are
specific types of stimuli being physical or psychological, which place demand on us that
endanger our well being. The more the demand on the person exceeds the resources available to
cope up with the stress, the more stressful the situation is likely to be. (Fegan, 2012) The
perception of stress is highly subjective and is attributed to substantial variation in experiences of
stress, since a certain factor may be the cause of stress for some individuals but not for others
(Hamaideh, 2008). Nurses are different in their identification of stressors and in their responses
to these stressors, especially with the frequently changing health care environment (Hamaideh,
2008) Stress is a response that also has cognitive, physiological, and behavioral components
(Fegan, 2012)
A cross sectional study done in Jimma Zone Public Hospital, south west Ethiopia to assess job
related stress and its predictors among nurses working in Jima Zone Hospital in 2014. This was
an institution based study through a census of 341 nurses working in Jima Zone using a self
administered structured questionnaire. The response rate was 92.38%. the minimum total stress
score was 28% and maximum of 99%. Out of the eight subscales the highest level of stress was
on subscale dealing with death, while score for uncertainty regarding patient’s treatment was
57.72 followed by score of work over load 57.6% the least stressful condition was sexual abuse.
(belachew, 2016).
A one group pre test and post test design was used to test the hypothesis that a stress
management program may equip nurses with skills to cope effectively with the stress. The
participants were invited to undergo ten consecutive one hour sessions of a stress management
program. The study showed that the mean stress before implementing the intervention reduced
significantly after intervention. The stress management strategies positively impact the level of
stress (Lalitha, 2015).
A study aimed to assess different factors causing stress and burnout among nurses working in
Nehru hospital, Chandigarh was conducted using convenience sample. The study population was
all nurses working in intensive care units of Nehru Hospital. 25 nurses participated in study.
Demographic profile sheet and WSS (Workplace Stress Scale) from marlin Company, North
Haven and American Institute of stress, were used as tools. No significant relationship was found
among demographic characteristics and stress. The results showed that 92% nurse experienced
average and 8% experienced high levels of stress. The study concluded that workload, decreased
job autonomy, inadequate supervisor support, less opportunities of learning on job and
inappropriate feedback to be significant predictors of stress among nurses. The nurses having
high levels of personal accomplishments experienced significantly low levels of stress (Saini,
2011).
Methodology
Research Design
One group pre test post test quasi experimental design
Study Duration
November 2020 to January 2021
Study Settings
Study was carried out in Rawal Hospital, Islamabad
Target Population
Target population was the health care providers working in Rawal hospital
Variables
Independent Variables
Demographic characteristics
Work load
Interpersonal relationships
Supervisor and peer support
Knowledge
Dependent Variables
Stress among nurses
Stress management strategies
Hypothesis
Ongoing stress management program can equip/ accoutre nurses with skills to cope
constructively with the stress.
Null Hypothesis
Ongoing stress management program cannot equip/ accoutre nurses with skills to cope
constructively with the stress.
Research Question/Aim of the study
The aim of this research study is to answer these questions
What are the major sources of stress among healthcare providers in Rawal Hospital?
What stress management strategies are being used to reduce and cope with stress either
individually or at institutional level?
Will stress management program help to reduce the stress?
Objectives of the study
To identify the sources of stress among health care providers
To determine the coping strategies among health care providers.

Data Collection
Ethical consideration
Data was collected after getting the permission from the institution. Written consents were taken
from all participants after assuring the confidentiality and privacy by keeping the name and
identity hidden.
Data collection instrument
Data was collected using English version of a structured self-administered questionnaire. This
questionnaire was developed by Gray-Toft and Anderson and was revised by Susan E. French,
Rhonda Lenton, Vivienne Walters, and John Eyles in 1995. This data collection instrument was
used in one of our reference research (Job related stress among nurses working in Jimma Zone
public). We also used PSS (Perceived Stress Scale) to measure the perception of stress.
The Perceived Stress Scale was developed by Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein. This is a
widely used self-report measure assessing “the degree to which situations in one's life are
appraised as stressful”.
Data analysis
Quantitative data was entered in SPSS version 20 and was checked by supervisor for errors. Data
was analyzed through SPSS. Descriptive results are generated in percentage and frequencies
results are presented in tables, graphs and charts.
Strengths of Study
The study will be beneficial for the healthcare staff in Rawal hospital. We were able to detect
major sources of stress and we arrange individual counseling sessions and a structured teaching
session to introduce stress copping strategies so that staff can learn to cope with and manage the
stress themselves, and this will directly influence positive results in better patient care and better
health of healthcare workers in long run.
Limitations of the study
Data collection took more time because of the changing shifts.
Sample size is small.
There are some stress factors which we could not address as students (such as income, hospital
policies and role conflicts because of unclear job descriptions)

Results
There were hundred respondents/participants from Rawal hospital’s health care staff including
52 nurses, 10 nursing assistants, 12 technicians and 26 janitorial staff. 64% of the sample group
was married and 32% were unmarried. Only 23% were those who earned forty thousand or more
Pakistani rupees monthly. 77% of the sample earned less than forty thousand while 45% earned
less than twenty thousand Pakistani rupees which they reported one of the factors causing stress.
34% of the sample population reported role conflict as stress causing factor while 56%
mentioned conflict with TLs & co workers as cause of stress. According to 49% participant lack
of support from immediate supervisor was the cause of stress. 28% reported that lack of
opportunity to share experience is the stress causing factor. 29% stated that unclear job
descriptions are source of stress.
50% stated that being asked a question by patient or relatives and feeling blank to answer is
source of stress. While 30% reported that lack of information is source of stress. For 27% office
politics and for 14% lack of recognition is the source of stress.
85% stated that stress affects the job either in the form of absenteeism, sick leaves, or further
conflicts. Few of them used some strategies to cope with stress.
There was a remarkable difference in stress level and use of stress coping strategies after the
counseling sessions and teaching session (see tables below).

Tables
Pretest participants age
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 20-25 7 7.0 7.0 7.0
25-30 47 47.0 47.0 54.0
30-40 31 31.0 31.0 85.0
40-50 14 14.0 14.0 99.0
>50 1 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Post test participants age
Cumulative
Valid 20-25 6 6.0 6.0 6.0
25-30 46 46.0 46.0 52.0
30-40 35 35.0 35.0 87.0
40-50 12 12.0 12.0 99.0
>50 1 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest participants gender

Cumulative
Valid male 32 32.0 32.0 32.0
female 68 68.0 68.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest participants age
Cumulative
Valid 20-25 6 6.0 6.0 6.0
25-30 46 46.0 46.0 52.0
30-40 35 35.0 35.0 87.0
40-50 12 12.0 12.0 99.0
>50 1 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pre test participants marital status
Cumulative
Valid married 64 64.0 64.0 64.0
unmarried 32 32.0 32.0 96.0

divorced 4 4.0 4.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest participants marital status
Cumulative
Valid married 64 64.0 64.0 64.0
unmarried 32 32.0 32.0 96.0
divorced 4 4.0 4.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest participants Qualifications
Cumulative
Valid high school level 30 30.0 30.0 30.0
certificate level 10 10.0 10.0 40.0
diploma level 46 46.0 46.0 86.0
bachelor degree 13 13.0 13.0 99.0
master degree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest participants Qualifications
Cumulative

Valid high school level 28 28.0 28.0 28.0
certificate level 10 10.0 10.0 38.0
diploma level 48 48.0 48.0 86.0
bachelor degree 13 13.0 13.0 99.0
master degree 1 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest job experience
Cumulative
Valid <1year 16 16.0 16.0 16.0
1-3 years 53 53.0 53.0 69.0
3-5 years 11 11.0 11.0 80.0
5-10 years 14 14.0 14.0 94.0
>10 years 6 6.0 6.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest job experience
Cumulative
Valid <1year 16 16.0 16.0 16.0
1-3 years 53 53.0 53.0 69.0
3-5 years 11 11.0 11.0 80.0

5-10 years 14 14.0 14.0 94.0
>10 years 6 6.0 6.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pre test monthly income
Cumulative
Valid <10000 9 9.0 9.0 9.0
10000-20000 36 36.0 36.0 45.0
20000-40000 32 32.0 32.0 77.0
>40000 23 23.0 23.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest monthly income
Cumulative
Valid <10000 9 9.0 9.0 9.0
10000-20000 36 36.0 36.0 45.0
20000-40000 32 32.0 32.0 77.0
>40000 23 23.0 23.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Pretest number of dependents
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid <3 25 25.0 25.0 25.0
3-5 46 46.0 46.0 71.0
>5 29 29.0 29.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest number of dependents
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid <3 25 25.0 25.0 25.0
3-5 46 46.0 46.0 71.0
>5 29 29.0 29.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest designation in ward
Cumulative
Valid staff nurse 52 52.0 52.0 52.0
nursing assistant 10 10.0 10.0 62.0
Technicians 12 12.0 12.0 74.0
Others 26 26.0 26.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Posttest designation in ward
Cumulative
Valid staff nurse 52 52.0 52.0 52.0
nursing assistant 10 10.0 10.0 62.0
Technicians 12 12.0 12.0 74.0
Others 26 26.0 26.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pre test work load is the source of stress
Cumulati
ve
Valid not enough staff in unit 48 48.0 48.0
48.0
not enough time to complete24 24.0 24.0 72.0
tasks
lots of none nursing tasks such21 21.0 21.0 93.0
as clerical work
not enough time to respond to7 7.0 7.0 100.0
needs of patients and families
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Posttest work load is the source of stress
Cumulati
ve
Valid not enough staff in unit 47 48.0 48.0 48.0
not enough time to complete23 24.0 24.0 72.0
tasks
lots of none nursing tasks such23 21.0 21.0 93.0
as clericle work
not enough time to respond to7 7.0 7.0 100.0
needs of patients and families
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest conflicts are the source of stress
Cumulativ
Frequency Percent Valid Percent e Percent
Valid with physicians 4 4.0 4.0 4.0
disagreement concerned with6 6.0 6.0 10.0
the treatment of patients
conflicts with TL, Head nurse31 31.0 31.0 41.0
or supervisor
conflict with co-workers 25 25.0 25.0 66.0

role conflicts 34 34.0 34.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Post test conflicts are the source of stress
Cumulat
ive
Valid with physicians 3 3.0 3.0 3.0
disagreement concerned with4 4.0 4.0 7.0
the treatment of patients
conflicts with TL,Head nurse or47 47.0 47.0 54.0
supervisor
conflict with co-workers 22 22.0 22.0 76.0
role conflicts 24 24.0 24.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest lack of support is source of stress
Cumulative
Valid lack of opportunities to talk23 23.0 23.0 23.0
openly with other unit personals
about problems in the unit
lack of support by my49 49.0 49.0 72.0
immediate supervisor
lack of opportunity to share28 28.0 28.0 100.0
experiences
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest lack of support is source of stress
Cumulative
Valid lack of opportunities to talk20 20.0 20.0 20.0
openly with other unit personals
about problems in the unit
lack of support by my55 55.0 55.0 75.0
immediate supervisor
lack of opportunity to share25 25.0 25.0 100.0
experiences
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest uncertainty regarding patients treatment is source of stress
Cumulative
Valid inadequate info from physicians12 12.0 12.0 12.0
regarding pts med conditions
nature of unit is uncertain such13 13.0 13.0 25.0
as dialysis, ICU,CCU
absence of physicians in med20 20.0 20.0 45.0
emergencies
job descriptions are not29 29.0 29.0 74.0
predefined
watching pts dying or suffering 11 11.0 11.0 85.0
feeling my support is helpless 15 15.0 15.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest inadequate preparation to deliver services is source of stress
Cumula
tive
Valid feeling inadequately prepared to33 33.0 33.0 33.0
help pts or family
being asked a question by50 50.0 50.0 83.0
patient and feeling blank to
answer
feeling my knowledge is17 17.0 17.0 100.0
outdated, i can't cope with latest
techniques
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest inadequate preparation to deliver services is source of stress

Cumula
tive
Valid feeling inadequately prepared to33 33.0 33.0 33.0
help pts or family
being asked a question by50 50.0 50.0 83.0
patient and feeling blank to
answer
feeling my knowledge is17 17.0 17.0 100.0
outdated, i can't cope with latest
techniques
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest difficulty participant feel in job is source of stress
Cumula
tive
Valid group behavior 4 4.0 4.0 4.0
lack of info 30 30.0 30.0 34.0
office politics and policies 27 27.0 27.0 61.0
excessive interruptions 14 14.0 14.0 75.0
lack of recognition 14 14.0 14.0 89.0
family issues 11 11.0 11.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest difficulty participant feel in job is source of stress
Cumula
tive
Valid group behavior 3 4.0 4.0 4.0
lack of info 34 30.0 30.0 34.0
office politics and policies 27 27.0 27.0 61.0
excessive interruptions 11 14.0 14.0 75.0
lack of recognition 14 14.0 14.0 89.0
family issues 11 11.0 11.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Strategies
Pretest listen music to cope with stress(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid yes 28 28.0 28.0 28.0
no 72 72.0 72.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest listen music to cope with stress(assessment of stress management strategies)

Cumulative
Valid yes 44 44.0 44.0 44.0
No 56 56.0 56.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest smoke in stress(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 14 14.0 14.0 14.0
No 86 86.0 86.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest smoke in stress(assessment of stress management stratigies)
Cumulative
Valid yes 14 14.0 14.0 14.0
No 86 86.0 86.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest share with friends or family(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative

Valid Yes 51 51.0 51.0 51.0
No 49 49.0 49.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest share with friends or family(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 70 70.0 70.0 70.0
No 30 30.0 30.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest workout or exerciser to reduce stress(assessment of stress management
strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 14 14.0 14.0 14.0
No 86 86.0 86.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest workout or exerciser to reduce stress(assessment of stress management
strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 67 67.0 67.0 67.0

No 33 33.0 33.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest take a break(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 32 32.0 32.0 32.0
No 68 68.0 68.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest take a break(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid yes 57 57.0 57.0 57.0
no 43 43.0 43.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest recreational activities(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid yes 17 17.0 17.0 17.0
no 83 83.0 83.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Posttest recreational activities(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid yes 36 36.0 36.0 36.0
No 64 64.0 64.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest sleep more to reduce stress(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid yes 40 40.0 40.0 40.0
No 60 60.0 60.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest sleep more to reduce stress(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 49 49.0 49.0 49.0
No 51 51.0 51.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest play games(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative

Valid Yes 17 17.0 17.0 17.0
No 83 83.0 83.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest play games(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid yes 30 30.0 30.0 30.0
No 70 70.0 70.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest pray more than usual/seek religious help(assessment of stress management
strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 48 48.0 48.0 48.0
2 52 52.0 52.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest pray more than usual/seek religious help(assessment of stress management
strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 50 50.0 50.0 50.0

No 50 50.0 50.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest talk to peers(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 38 38.0 38.0 38.0
No 62 62.0 62.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest talk to peers(assessment of stress management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 57 57.0 57.0 57.0
No 43 43.0 43.0 100.0
Total 100.0 100.0
100
Pretest withdraw from family, friends and activities in stress(assessment of stress
management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 65 65.0 65.0 65.0

No 35 35.0 35.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest withdraw from family, friends and activities in stress(assessment of stress
management strategies)
Cumulative
Valid Yes 63 63.0 63.0 63.0
No 37 37.0 37.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest does your strategy help you manage the stress
Cumulative
Valid Yes 47 47.0 47.0 47.0
no 53 53.0 53.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest does your strategy help you manage the stress
Cumulative
Valid Yes 68 68.0 68.0 68.0
No 32 32.0 32.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Pretest does your institute help you manage the stress.
Cumulative
Valid Yes 42 42.0 42.0 42.0
no 58 58.0 58.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest does your institute help you manage the stress.
Cumulative
Valid Yes 51 51.0 51.0 51.0
No 49 49.0 49.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Perceived Stress Scale
Pretest In last month how often have you been upset?(PSD)
Cumulative
Valid almost never 14 14.0 14.0 14.0
sometimes 28 28.0 28.0 42.0
fairly often 20 20.0 20.0 62.0
very often 38 38.0 38.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Posttest In last month how often have you been upset?(PSD)
Cumulative
Valid Never 4 4.0 4.0 4.0
almost never 24 24.0 24.0 28.0
sometimes 40 40.0 40.0 68.0
fairly often 17 17.0 17.0 85.0
very often 15 15.0 15.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pre-test how often you felt that you are unable to control important things in life?(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 8 8.0 8.0 9.0
sometimes 37 37.0 37.0 46.0
fairly often 26 26.0 26.0 72.0
very often 28 28.0 28.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Post-test how often you felt that you are unable to control important things in life?(PSD)
Cumulative

almost never 16 16.0 16.0 23.0
sometimes 43 43.0 43.0 66.0
fairly often 25 25.0 25.0 91.0
very often 9 9.0 9.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pre-test how often you felt nervous and stressed?(PSD)
Cumulative
sometimes 30 30.0 30.0 32.0
fairly often 37 37.0 37.0 69.0
very often 31 31.0 31.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Post-test how often you felt nervous and stressed(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 8 8.0 8.0 15.0
sometimes 39 39.0 39.0 54.0
fairly often 31 31.0 31.0 85.0

very often 15 15.0 15.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pre-test in the last month how often you felt confident to handle problems?(PSD)
Cumulative
Valid never 1 1.0 1.0 1.0
almost never 34 34.0 34.0 35.0
sometimes 43 43.0 43.0 78.0
fairly often 18 18.0 18.0 96.0
very often 4 4.0 4.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Post-test in the last month how often you felt confident to handle problems?(PSD)
Cumulative
Valid never 1 1.0 1.0 1.0
almost never 36 36.0 36.0 37.0
sometimes 40 40.0 40.0 77.0
fairly often 15 15.0 15.0 92.0
very often 8 8.0 8.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Pretest how often you felt that things are going your way?(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 24 24.0 24.0 26.0
Sometimes 50 50.0 50.0 76.0
fairly often 22 22.0 22.0 98.0
very often 2 2.0 2.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest how often you felt that things are going your way?(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 27 27.0 27.0 29.0
Sometimes 33 33.0 33.0 62.0
fairly often 20 20.0 20.0 82.0
very often 18 18.0 18.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest how often you found you could not cope all the things that you had to(PSD)
Cumulative
Sometimes 40 40.0 40.0 50.0
fairly often 33 33.0 33.0 83.0
very often 17 17.0 17.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest how often you found you could not cope all the things that you had to(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 13 13.0 13.0 18.0
Sometimes 52 52.0 52.0 70.0
fairly often 21 21.0 21.0 91.0
very often 9 9.0 9.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest how often have you been able to control irritations(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 28 28.0 28.0 33.0

Sometimes 49 49.0 49.0 82.0
fairly often 15 15.0 15.0 97.0
very often 3 3.0 3.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest how often have you been able to control irritations(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 23 23.0 23.0 28.0
Sometimes 46 46.0 46.0 74.0
fairly often 14 14.0 14.0 88.0
very often 12 12.0 12.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest how often you felt that you are on the top of things(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 19 19.0 19.0 26.0
Sometimes 44 44.0 44.0 70.0
fairly often 21 21.0 21.0 91.0
very often 9 9.0 9.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest how often you felt that you are on the top of things(PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 20 20.0 20.0 29.0
Sometimes 31 31.0 31.0 60.0
fairly often 23 23.0 23.0 83.0
very often 17 17.0 17.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest how often you agreed because things were out of your control (PSD)
Cumulative
almost never 16 16.0 16.0 17.0
sometimes 33 33.0 33.0 50.0
fairly often 27 27.0 27.0 77.0
very often 23 23.0 23.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest how often you agreed because things were out of your control (PSD)
Cumulative
Valid Never 10 10.0 10.0 10.0
almost never 18 18.0 18.0 28.0
sometimes 38 38.0 38.0 66.0
fairly often 20 20.0 20.0 86.0
very often 14 14.0 14.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Pretest how often you felt that difficulties are pilling up so high that you can't overcome
them.(PSD)
Cumulative
sometimes 30 30.0 30.0 43.0
fairly often 29 29.0 29.0 72.0
very often 28 28.0 28.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0
Posttest how often you felt that difficulties are pilling up so high that you can't overcome
them.(PSD)
Cumulative

Valid Never 11 11.0 11.0 11.0
almost never 21 21.0 21.0 32.0
Sometimes 36 36.0 36.0 68.0
fairly often 18 18.0 18.0 86.0
very often 14 14.0 14.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0 100.0

Discussion
A number of studies define health care profession as stressful occupation. Job place stress costs a lot to
the organization and the employs. In terms of organizations stress not only influence the
workplace environment but also decreases productivity, causes job dissatisfaction and high
turnover. On the other hand in terms of healthcare workers stress causes physiological and
psychological issues which leads to decreased productivity. In health care setups this entire affect
becomes a hurdle in the achievement of best quality healthcare.
This study focused on the impact of intervention which we found positive. One mark able thing
was that people perceived these teaching sessions and counseling sessions as the concerns of the
management for their stresses. I personally think this feeling somehow worked as
Hawthorne Effect. And combining with introduction to stress coping strategies and adverse
effects of stress on health the participants were boosted up to use these strategies. But this is not
a permanent change. Hospital management needs to start stress management programs on regular
basis. This is mandatory for the health of workers and furthermore for quality care and
productivity.
References
A, F. (2012). 2.
AbuRuz. (2014). Acomparative study about the impact of stress on job satisfection between
Jordanian and Saudi nurses. european scientific journal , 10-17.
Al-Hamayan. (2013). affects of job stress and organizational suport on relationship between job
performance in saudi public hospital. Doctoral dissertation, univercity Utara Malysia .
belachew. (2016).
caplan. (1980).
coyne, m. &. (2013).
dagget, & Belachew. (2016). Job related stress among nurses working in Jimma zone public
hospital. 15-39.
Fegan. (2012).
Fegan. (2012). variation in stress level in nursing profession.
Hamaideh. (2008).
Jennings, B. M. (2008). Role of the Work Environment and Working Conditions.
Kahn. (1964).
Kahn, Wolfe, Snoek, & Rosenthal. (1964). Organizational stress.
Laurenza, Quintano, Schiavone, & Vrontis. (2018). the effect of digital technology in health
industry. Business process management journal .
lurie, Zadik, Einy, Tarrasch, & Goldstein. (2007). Aviation, space and environmental medicine ,
78,.
M, E., & Mosadeghrad. (2013).
Menzies. (1960). Nurses under stress. International nursing Rev , 7(6),9-16.

Sailaxmi, & Lalitha. (2015). impact of a stress management program on stress perception of
nurses working with psychiatric patients. asian journal of psychiatary , 14,42-45.
Saini, Kaur, & das. (2011). assessment of stress and burnout among intensive care nurses at a
tertiary care hospital. journal of menta health human behavior , 16(1),43-48.

Final Report Stress Project Ar Rehman

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Final Report Stress Project Ar Rehman

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Impact of Stress Management Program on Job Related Stress among Health Care Providers

Providers and Its Management in Private Hospital

Rawal College of Nursing Islamabad

Post RN BSN, Semester 4, Senior Elective Management

Mr. Mohammad Mubashar

28th December, 2020

sessions and their cooperation throughout the project.

administered questionnaire developed by Gray-Toft and Anderson. We used PSS (Perceived

Keywords: stress, stress management strategies, impact of stress management program

further impacts satisfaction and turnover.

belongs to the effectiveness of coping strategies.

and management skills to avoid fatal effects of stress.

introduce stress coping strategies.

manage the stress with best copping strategies.

situation and employee’s ability to cope with or respond to it (coyne, 2013)

perception of stress is highly subjective and is attributed to substantial variation in experiences of

stress (Lalitha, 2015).

One group pre test post test quasi experimental design

November 2020 to January 2021

Study was carried out in Rawal Hospital, Islamabad

Supervisor and peer support

Stress among nurses

Stress management strategies

constructively with the stress.

constructively with the stress.

Research Question/Aim of the study

The aim of this research study is to answer these questions

individually or at institutional level?

Will stress management program help to reduce the stress?

Objectives of the study

To identify the sources of stress among health care providers

To determine the coping strategies among health care providers.

Data collection instrument

results are presented in tables, graphs and charts.

health of healthcare workers in long run.

Limitations of the study

Data collection took more time because of the changing shifts.

Sample size is small.

policies and role conflicts because of unclear job descriptions)

descriptions are source of stress.

politics and for 14% lack of recognition is the source of stress.

conflicts. Few of them used some strategies to cope with stress.

counseling sessions and teaching session (see tables below).

Pretest participants age

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 20-25 7 7.0 7.0 7.0

25-30 47 47.0 47.0 54.0

30-40 31 31.0 31.0 85.0

40-50 14 14.0 14.0 99.0

>50 1 1.0 1.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

Post test participants age

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 20-25 6 6.0 6.0 6.0

25-30 46 46.0 46.0 52.0

30-40 35 35.0 35.0 87.0

40-50 12 12.0 12.0 99.0

>50 1 1.0 1.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

Pretest participants gender

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid male 32 32.0 32.0 32.0

female 68 68.0 68.0 100.0