SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN

NAME: Lungelo Mkhwanazi Student number: 21856223

DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
Fluid allocation
Tube side Shell side
Crude oil Kerosene

CRUDE OIL physical properties : Chemical Process equipment design

Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Inlet Temperature t1 Specified O
C 38
outlet temperature t2 Specified O
C 76
Allowable Pressure drop ∆P Specified kPa 70
Specific heat capacity 𝐶_𝑃 Specified 2052
Thermal conductivity 𝐾 Specified 0.1332
Density 𝜌 Specified 855
viscosity 𝜇 Specified 0.003595
Mass flowrate 𝑚 ̇ Specified 67880

KEROSENE physical properties at mean of 146,5 C

Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Inlet Temperature T1 Specified O
C 200
outlet temperature T2 Specified O
C 93
Allowable Pressure drop ∆P Specified kPa 70
Specific heat capacity 𝐶_𝑃 Specified 2486
Thermal conductivity 𝐾 Specified 0.1324
Density 𝜌 Specified 815
viscosity 𝜇 Specified 0.000401
Mass flowrate 𝑚 ̇ Specified 19900
 Tube side calculations
Mean Temperature difference
Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Log mean temperature ∆TLm ∆TLm=(∆T2-∆T1)/ln(∆T2/∆T1) O
C 84.88
R R S= (T1-T2)/(t2-t1) ***** 2.8158
S S R=(t2-t1)/(T1-t1) ***** 0.2346
Temperature correction factor Ft Appendix B ***** 0.9
overall coefficient U Appendix C 300
Mean Temperature difference t ΔTm=(F)(∆TLm) C
O
76.39
Heat transfere Duty (kerosene) Q Q𝑚 ̇
( )(CpKerosene ) (∆T) W 1470399.94
Heat transfere Area Ao Q= UAO∆Tlm m2 64.1631375918423
Heat transfere Duty (crude oil)

Tube side layout and size

splitring floating head heat exchanger (Carbon steel) : Square pitch
Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Tube length L coulson and richardson volume 6 ft 16
m 5
Tube Inside diameter di mm 14.83
m 0.01483
Tube outside diameter do mm 19.05
m 0.01905
Pitch Pt (Square pitch) Pt=1,25do mm 23.8125
m 0.0238125
Tube thickness ∆X mm 2.108
m 0.002108
Tube surface area per tube At 𝐴_𝑡=𝜋𝑑_𝑜 𝐿 m2 0.2991
Number of tubes Nt Nt=AO /APER TUBE **** 215
Number of tubes per pass NTpp NTpp=Nt/2 **** 107.27
Tube crossactional area AC AC = 𝜋 〖𝑑 _𝑖 〗 ^2/ m2 0.0001726
4

Tube side velocity ande heat transfere coefficient and bundle diameter: Crude oil
Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Area per pass App A pp =Ntpp*AC
m2 0.01852
𝑉 ̇ 𝑉 ̇=𝑚 ̇/𝜌_(𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑖𝑙)
Tube side volumetric flowrate m3/s 0.02205
crude oil velocity ut ut= 𝑉 ̇ /APP m/s 1.19086
index for 4 tube passes K1 Appendix C *** 0.15800
index for 4 tube passes n1 Appendix C *** 2.26300
index for 2 tube passes K1 Appendix C *** 0.15600
index for 2 tube passes n1 Appendix C *** 2.291
Tube bundle Db Db=do(Nt/K1)^(1/n1) m 0.446
Clearance ** Appendix m 0.057
Shell inside diameter Ds DS=Clearance + Db m 0.5034
Number of tube passes Nt **** 2
Length /diameter L/di **** 337.15
Correction factor jh **** 0.0032
Nussel number Nu Nu=jhRe (Pr)^0,33(1) 50.55119
Reynolds Re Re = (𝜌 )(uμt )(di)/ **** 4200.19
Predilt number Pr 𝜇 (Cp
Pr= ) / Kcrude oil **** 55.38
Heat transfere coefficient hi hi=(Nu Kcrude oil)/di 454.04039
Heat transfere coefficient too low to achieve the assumes 300
Change to a 1 shell : 4 tube passes
crude oil velocity ut ut= 𝑉 ̇ /APP m/s 2.38171773301491
Reynolds Number Re Re = (𝜌 )(uμt )(di)/ **** 8400.3747575584
Correction factor jh **** 0.0038
Heat transfere coefficient hi hi=(Nu Kcrude oil)/di 1078.34592214941
 SPLIT RING FLOATING HEAD SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER : 1 SHELL , 4 TUBE PASSES
Shell side heat transfere coefficient : Kerosene
Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Bundle diamter Db Db=do(Nt/K1)^(1/n1) m 0.462
Clearance **** APPENDIX D m 0.057
Shell inside diameter Ds Ds = Clearance+Db m 0.519
Shell Area AS AS= (Pt - do)/Pt)(DS*Lb) m2 0.01037
Equivalent diamter de de=(1,10/do)(Pt^2-0,917do^2) m 0.01512
Baffle spacing Lb m 0.1
𝑉 ̇ 𝑉 ̇=𝑚 ̇/𝜌_𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑒
Volumetric flow m3/s 0.00678
velocity us ut= 𝑉 ̇ /As m/s 0.6539
Reynold's number Re Re = (𝜌 )(uμs )(de)/ **** 20097.10
correction factor jh **** 0.0046
Nussel number Nu Nu=jhRe (Pr)^0,33(1) **** 179.979
Heat transfere coefficient hs hs=(Nu Kkerosene)/de 1575.86
Prandilt Number Pr 𝜇
Pr= (Cp ) / Kkerosene **** 7.529

Overall heat transfere coefficient

Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Shell side dirt coefficient 1/hod 0.00000
Tube side Dirt coefficient 1/hid 0.00005
Outside film coefficient ho 1575.863
inside fluid film coefficient hi 1078.35
Thermal conductivity Kw Thermal conductivity of carbon steel 45.00000
Tube inside diameter di m 0.01483
Tube outside diameter do m 0.01905
UO (Calculated overall heat transfer) UO Uo=(1/hi)+1/hod+doln(do/di)/(2Kw)+do/di*1/hi 0.0019
Calculated overall heat transfere equipment Uo 514.658587527547

Overall heat transfere coefficient

Description Symbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
Tube side pressure drop ∆Pt ∆Pt = Np(8jf(L/di)+2,5)(𝜌 )(ut2) 181231.16478
Shell side pressure drop ∆Ps ∆Ps =

∆
 Initial design specification : Appendix B
Heat exchanger Type 1 shell : 2 tube passes
Heat exchanger material of construction Carbon steel

HEAT TRANSFER AREA

DescriptionSymbol Formula/Comment SI units Value
overall coefU