MEMIYHAPONHOE NPABO INTERNATIONAL LAW Ono tr 1-2 (45-46) 2011 RES JUDICATA RELATUS SCIENTIFICUS HAYYHbIM KYPHAN COMWEPKXAHUNE 2(46) 2011 CONTENTS Boponmona H.A. Espaswiickat 2kOHOMMYECKAs KOMMNCCHR HOBOE HaMpantenne passuTHa 159 ‘murrerpatyan » pawxax rocyrapers sinenos EspAs3C (mpanonoii acrext) Coames A.M., Macananazse I-T. Mexaynaponso-npasosste mpoGremst perysmposannx 163 ROOeIH KHTOB Boraanopa 3.10. [Iponenypa onenkn sosnelicraus Ha oxpyxaromtyro cpeny KaK HHcTTyr 177 MexityHapostoro 3kosOTH¥ecKOTO mpaBa ‘Emeapstiopa HLH. Peausanaa pasa venopexa Ha THTaHHe KaK OCHOBA 185 MponosonscrnesHOlt GesonacocTH Spsmmies C.H. Esunoe sxoHoMudeckoe mpocrpaxicrso: Maposol omar a uurrerpanus Ha «194 MOcTcOBETCKOM MpocTpaHicTBe Boxran JL.C. MexnyapoaH0-npasosas orsetcrsenkocrs sa yutep6, mpaaunenmsiiioxpy- 200 sxaroneli cpeiie SKOHOMAECKOH JesTETBHOCTHIO, He SAMpeMLeHHOH MEM MYRAPOTHBIM TIPABOM Kontos M.H., Konsutos C.M. Poms Maxpwsicxoro mporoxasa 1991 r: 06 oxpante 209 oxpyacaiomeli cpeasi « Jorosopy 06 Asrapxruxe 1959 r. 8 mpeayupexeHsi HerarHBHEX KOTOTHHECKHX NOCTesICTBHIt XoSRHicTBeHHOM 1eATeMBHOCTH B AHTAPKTHKE Humraxosa A.0., Kosova 9.10. Mununsansnas npasosas crantaprasania mpunuunos 220 OrpercrseHHOCTH Opraiios yripamienns KOpTOpAlEH Boponnona H.A. O6 nrorax opsuponarus Tamoxenmoro corsa Pecny6mmxn Bexapycn, 226 PecnyGnuxn Kasaxcrax # Poccnticol Penepammn x Koutty 2011 r. Ilynaenona 10.1. [Ipasosoe peryamposaune oxpansi ecos 10 saxouomaTenbeTBy 231 Onna u0 Bacstposa E.P., Konsitos M.H. Ecrs 1m nepcnextusst y 2orosopos «npapora sa roar»? — 236 Moxammas C.A. Mextyapoatioe xoorueckoe mpano «apst Puo-n1e-)Kantelipon: pacuset 243 suo saxar? Apoitusrx A.B, Kareropus cnpasesumocta Esponeticxon Cyse 10 pasa ses10BeKa, 247 Maamxosa H.B. Tlommraxa HKAO » cepe oGectteseHns annanonnoii GesonacHocrH. 251 Crparernuecxnii nian neficrani na 2011-2016 rox Ocranenxo E.H. 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Mexaynapozio-npaponas oxpana 6uoormueckoro pastooGpasma B= 304 YeHOBHAX MCHSHOMeTOCs KIMMATA146) 2011 MEKAVHAPOAHOE NPABO ECTb JIM MEPCNEKTMBbI Y AOFOBOPOB «fPUPOAA 3A AONTU>? EP. Bacuposa, Gara.zap ropuenpyaemunt, sarncrpauerxajjeapet wexcyttapoasoro npana Poccuiicxoro yauepeirera apyaGu ypoOR MH. Konsu06, AOKTOP 1OPHLUNIEKHY HayK, MposPeccop KapesIpsE MesKAYKapOAIHOTO pasa PoceHicKOTO yHMBEpEHTETA ApYATM HapO- ‘a0, axaziewitk PAEH, P3A, MAH3B B crarse anameupytores aorosopst 06 oGweHe SaCTH BHeMIHeTO JOsIFa Ha 2HONOTHUECKHE MpOeKTH rocyAApCTS Cescpuoii Aepi, Slaruncroit Anrepuant, Esponsi. Adppuxu 1 }Oro-Bocrownoii Asnm. Fpmsomster xaacciicanmes ‘TaKitx soroBopos. Packpbisacros Co-eprKAKHE MpHMUIMTA HEOTHENLTEMOTO CYBEPEHHTETA FOCY.AAPCTE HAL CBONNAH MPH OAKBIMI PecypCaNH, JeaTAeTEH BHIBOA © COOTRETCTBIMN AOTOBOPOB 06 OOMEKE sTOMY MpuKiUMy. FIpesitararorer cro coGut aauelimero cosepmleNcTBOEUEL JoroBOPOE 06 OGuENE. yoweebte coed: oToRO 06 OONeKe, BcewmpHwi (Hort aMKO!L NpHpOxBK, NPHHILIET HeOTHENUTEMOrO CyBePEH- ‘TeTa TOCyaApCTB HA CBO NPHPOAKBIMA Pecypeavnr, OnepaNTOKNBtit ¢Por.A, MpPorosamuRTHas opramanis, Xap~ Tia 9KOHOMINTECKEX pas 1 OGsBAMNOCTEit FOCY-AAPCTB, AeCOBOCCTAHORACHHC, HALWOMAM HIPK, SANOBCIHK, IS THERE ANY FUTURE FOR «DEBT-FOR-NATURE SWAPS»? ER. Basyrova, bachelor of jurisprudence, master of jurisprudence candidate of the department of international law, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University MN. Kopylov, doctor of juridical sciences, professor of the department of international law, Russian Peoples’ Friendship Universi academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Russian Ecological Academy and Intemational academy of sciences of ecology and life safety This paper analyzes «Debt-for-Nature Swaps» concluded by the states of North America, Latin America, Europe, Africa and Southeast Asia, Classification of such swaps is given. The content of the principle of permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources is explained. It is concluded that «Debt-for-Nature Swaps» conform this principle ‘The ways how further improve «Debt-for-Nature Swaps» are suggested, Keywords: Debt-for-Nature Swap, World Wildlife Fund, principle of permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources, operating fund, nature conservation organization, the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States, reforestation, national park, nature reserve. 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Tloametit a wckmosrreabHil cypepentrer TOcyAAPCTE (BO BEAKOM CVE, 8 AHHON OTHOMEH HH) ce Goaee yxpauunaer cB0e rpaanuuonioe swaveuse, B raperociinit cyBepeumTer, TOHNGL Cro «KOHCERATHB- HOE MOWNAMNE .. NOMEM:IO OCyMIeCTBITS cOBNECT- xe aeiicreu no npesorspauiciito sxonorIesecHOrO prancar [16] Ccracres pncowersisars Ha To, ‘To HenoepeacT- nena onacuocrs nccoOme sxosoriCcKOf KATICT Poder BAIKYZNT BEC sup (B TOM HUCIE TE pasBHBAIO- uylees rOeyaApeTEA, KOTOPHE HANOI yNOPHBI B OT- craumanun cnoero aGcomorioro cyBepenrera It Ke3a- DHCHMOCTH B HE OAKOCTOPOHHEAL MONMNAME) st- oHGTH MpHpoamle pecypewt OOUMI AOCTOAMIEN 4e0- Tloxa ae nepenekrupst oGpanacnmt pecypeon Iaawerst OOWUIM AOCTOSHNEM HeTORCHECTEA AWK A oraatemiow Symes BIEN BoCKNA Np HeoGsoamo cant THAT: OGpaOM auKaMEAEpO- aT TOABIOMNECK HOBKIE OMOIHHTeABHBIC MENA wiobl H-epexcran sepe? MPI MpHtUITA NeoTKEN Reworo yBepeHTeTa AX COINNH MPHPOAWEIN P= cypeaun b yeronus zommmposanna SxOnorHTHCCHOTO rommeparisa. Zann ssipox © mOsm OcHOBAHHENL MOKHO OTHECTIC HK NPAKTHRE SAKHONEHIOA ZOTOBOPOR 06 oduewe [12; 13] BB sactuocrit no oronopaxt 06 oGwene ¢ Bos ci or 13 moat 1987 rw or 19 seas 1993 r npupoate ‘aNoBeaHIKH 1 NPIEACFAOME K HIM 9EMLH OCT » coGcrscnHocrH 1 nox RoeTpOeM mpapiTeacrBa Bo- pw, Yecnawna TpaNcaKUna He MpHBem x neperosy pana co6erseanocri x «Koncepsniiun Hirepxoun.0>, NoTopat no cyMIeCTHY npeopamaAnaCe B wAyNOTO TexHMENeeNOrO NONCYaBTaHTa MpasuTescrea Boss HNO BONPOCAN, CHAPAHBIN. C CONpANeHIIEM H ypaBE- se aan pecypeavi. B Bom Osim couana Hauvonanacan xox cw, OTBENAKONE "a OY UECTENENE IDAOTTEHECKIEN PO paves, Yapamtowne, cowaunsos onepausonssns (bo now ocymiecrassete MinsicTeperBoM CesCKOTO X03 rma Bosmpun w nexowepccroli oxmpiticxolt oprasit- raunell, annaviaenoit «Konceposini Hirreprousn>> » ura yTeepAtaeMoit MumcTeper- Tiporpavina oGwexa vacrit aHemero ona Koc~ ‘a-Pioat a 9vOROTHTNECKHE MpoekTL BKMONHTA B CeO 6 pranop. B coornercrai¢ aoronopoM., ‘aK sIONCHMEN MEROVHAPOHOE NPABO fp dhenpane 1988 x. Kocra-Punoit ¢ woroucacremnet MMOCTPAKKKIMH MpHPOAOAMUETHINGT OpraKOCALAIE 1 own, skmovas BJT, Lpercroe oGuecr#o a- ‘METS: npupoasi Ht HaMHONANHT Caw utara Poa- Alisena (CUIA), sacrs semero onra Kocra-Puki paswepowt 8 5.4 stam. aoamapos CILIA Guita mpuo6pe- ‘Tema 3a 918 Tuc. oamapos CLA, re. no uene 17 yen TOs 4a OM Jo:LIap. Yupexctensbill Ha BRICBOGOACIEH- ble cpeutcr#a OnepannoHHil own (4 mH. 50 TaIC aoamapos CLA) ranpasu ceou duatanicostie pecypeat ‘Ha NORBINCHHC IxOTOTHNICCKOTO OGPAYORAAT HEACCICHIR CTpaMBL, Ha pacuMpeHNe H pasBHTHe cerH HaLMOHAIE~ HIS HapkOB, TaKHN Kak Tyawaracte, Kopromuto, Mowe sepze, Anmctax ap. coo weoGxoauo orMeruT® IMpockT NOKYnkIE aONOAMHTeTBHEN Semen -LUH pact DENTIN HL YaySIMEHH HAXppACTPYKTYpHL HAMHOHALTEHOTO rmapra Tyamaxacte, roropitii nocae sapepurenmis Rex paGor nepemet 8 coScrseHMocrs rocyaapersa. Ha sropow stare (ios 1988 1.) no zoroxopy 06 Gwen emte oxKa Yacrs BHeMerO aoara Kocta-PaKH Gex1a mpwo6perena Huaepaartann Vapasaewe yupe- ‘acaeHMI OEPALOKHBIM! OHLION (9.9 ALEK. 102.31p08 CILIA) ocymiecras0ce coBMecTHO MpaBitTestKcTBMH Huaepaanaos w Kocra-Puxut, a ero cpeacrsa OBtam 1a Ipassiert wa peamtausno mporpanntst necosoccTanos- eM H_YMpABTCHIUN alecaMM, Ha NOALIepKKY MeCTHBIN Gut w dpepaepcrses xosuiicrs, saMUITLIX 6 MporpasMe ACCOBOCCTAHORACHIN Ha TeppHTOpIMN B 4 THC. Fa Tlo 2oronopy 00 OOMeHE, YAK MONEHHOMY B HEAPS 1989 r npasirremsersom Kocra-Purst ¢ «Hofive Koncep- ‘aNCID, ‘HICTE BHeUMerO Joara paswepow B 5,6 su aoazapos CLA Gsi1a mpoaawa sa 784 Tec. aoapos CIMA, a va cuer oSparonanmiclicn paaHitis OSU y¥pe- sxcen Hanwonarbustit Dona oxpawst pHpoaHbtN pe= ypcon, ympanacine Koropsi Gst10 Bosa0xcHO Ha Ha- ‘unowasbusuit Bank Kocta-Pur, B anpeze 1989 r, eute mo oaKoMy aBycTopOHHeMy aorosopy 06 oOacHe LIneuns npo6pem y Kocra- Pun swacrs ero BHlewiMero ao.tra passtepowt B 24.5 MerH, aoamapos CLA 2 3,5 nem. sosapos CIA. Bsicpo- Goxemne cpeacrsa Ost wanpagseMBt Ha PACMIMpe- ‘anc Tepputropaat HausonatsHoro mapka Tyamaxacre, Wa CORCpIICHCTRORAHNe CHCTEMBI YMpARICHIA napKAM, Wa HiccaeAOBATEAMECKHE HEH H Ha MEAM 9KOAOTHECKOTO oSpavonans Hacestems, B wapre 1990 r. Lseuus, «Hajive Koncépeanci> BOAT npwoGpesmt y npasierenscrma Kocra-Pukit acre [BHemHero sora Ha cyMMy 10,8 MIN, aoaTapOB CLA sa 1,9 ataH, osmapos CILIA. Bex o6pazosas onepaust- COnH OH B Parntepe 9KBIMRATENTHOM 9,6 NIH, a0 tapos CLA, cpeacrsa xoroporo nowt wa dpunatcupo- [BAHHE ACHTE-BHOCTH perHOHA.tBHOiT MpHpOAHO wuNHTHO} oprampauii Awuicraa, Ha sK0.TOrHIecKOe OGparoBaHte ay¥nble HCCAEAOBAMNA 1 Ha pavBHETHe IKOAOTHECKOTO ypu Tlocacasnii no spentenu aoronop 06 oGuene, 5 KoTopow B kavecree npHoGperare:s 0:14 BBICTY HLTH 4Hoiine Koncepsanci> a AmbsHC BICKHBIS. TPOTHe- ccxuex aec0, aarupyercs ibespasest 1991 1.INTERNATIONAL LAW PRAXIS Mut coawaressHo cTox noxpOGKO OCTAKOBHLINCE Ha mpaxrue saxuowens aoroBopos 06 OGMeHe HEH Ho Kocta-Panit, MOCKOSRY, WA MAT BIT, HNCHHO B Heit HanGosee HarTALAHO H pexberpHo MpocaeAMBAIOTCH ‘bce Tpit Tina TaKoro pos cOrmAMeKI, Obparucs tenepe BuiGopowo K MpaxruKe rocy= aapers, mpeacrassmouuix apyrue pernonst 3emHoro ‘apa, H uastext oro 0630p ¢ Mewes TIporpasmia o6sera wactar sueumero aoara Mer cui sksuOMLIA B ceGx 14 JOroBOpOR 06 OGmeHe: B alt- pene 1B aprycte 1991 rn, B aMBape 1992 r, B Mowe 1993 r, spi aorosopa 8 1994 rw aexadpe 1995 r, Tpit aloronopa 8 1996 r. asa aoronopa 8 1997 rt oaMH B ‘mone 1998 r Bo ncex yrasaambix cays mpuodpera- sack © HeOO.TBOTK CKIEIKDI HeMHaNHTEsBHAN ICT ‘sueumuero aoara Mexcuxit y4peaciamce oepauuion= ote sports. Bo scex Tpaxcaxmiuns Osta sateen He GesmrspccrHan «Koxcepsatint Hirepxouirm, KoMna~ io xoTopoit B aByX caysasx cocraniiao AreHTcTe0 CIA no nexaynapoatony passierivo, omM pas — owt Maxaprypa m oa par ~ ow Cervo, Cpe corm (pow.208 nomAW Ha ¢binkaNcHposaKNe TIporpasitet MAMA rpaxtTos, MonETopimtra OKpyAcKOMIeiE Cpe, 3H0- HOTHNCCKOTO OGpAroBAHIUL HaCEEMIGL, MepoNPUATHL B DPAMKAN “AKONOAETEAKCTRA O “ETE PKHBOTHBIX .Palc= ‘Temi, ycuTeMHa peau SMITH YAkC CYMIECTEy TONNE 1 coxmamua nosttx OOTTT 1 soxHo-GosoTHeIN yrommit 8 paiiowe Kaxmupopauiicvoro apa. Eyponelickite rOcysxapcril B CerH AOTOBOPOB 06 O6- ‘ene mpescrassems Boarapueli u Tomei, Tax, 9 sae pa 1990 r mpapirresiscre0 ost mpox0 50 Tse. 20 srapos CLA cpoero nueumnero aoara BePJIT a 11,5 THe aoamapos CLA. B peyamare stoi rpancaxum Gxtt yupeacten Hauwonaasaniit Dorr oxparst oxpy cout {cpesbs, KOTOpaIit MiBECTMpORALT CBOM. cpeaCTIR (2KBHTEA- ew ® snorbrx 50 Tac, 20zmpoR CLA) B wceseTOR ‘emcxuti mpoekt no wyeMiu0 Gacceliia pes Buca. Ms crpan appuxancroro KouTHHeHTa wautGox‘ce Gumpxax nporpamsca OOMexA mpeacrapnena Mavxara- cxapow, Ona oxmarutmaer 8 act ¢ 1989 no 1996 rr, Tevenne KoToper GetmH sakMOMeHL 9 aorOROpOS 06 OGuene: 17 moss 1989 r, 21 asrycra 1990 r, B smBApe 1991 r, xpu aoronopa 2 1993 r,, 29 anpeas 1994 1, 8 ae 1994 r, 13 pempaax 1996, B peryasrare uHo- Crpanasit opraninaumin («Koncepsaiaun Marep- HOM-D = B Tpex cayaax, BO] — B narn cayyas, Areurcray CIA no Mexaysapoanomy paxBiriio fb Tpex caysanx, 1 no oaNowy pay IIPOOH, Zlojiue- Ganiy, Fenepamsiouy aupextopary Hiuiepraitx0n. 10 [May apoAWOMY COTPYAMIMECTEY Ht «BOTaKecKOMy caay uray Muccypm>) » o6uieli cxoatocra 63110 poxawo 12 wan. 482 Tue445 aoxapos CUA. Bo BOEX CAYMAN YupeACIAAMCE OnepaNHoHNe (hor cepeacrsa ms xoroporo wanpanaxancs na qhmancmpora- ute cern OOTTT (wauwona.abHBIX napkos Aapusrierpa, Mapyaneaan, sanopeannka 3axamena ap), Ha noo ToBKY cHleuasuIcrOB & OGacTH secHOrO XOsaiicTSA, Ha cocrasacnwe no:moit xapret accos Mazaraceapa, 1a coun Jlenapranerra oKpyskaroureli cpesb! H seco3, BI) Ha pacuIMpeHHe nporpaxist noaroToBKH Mataracilt- ckunx cryaeHTOS & oGsAICTH GoraMIH Crpawst 1Oro-Boctowoit Aaa & nporpawax ‘oGMeHa YacrH BHEMIHErO JOA Ha 3KOsTOTHECKME MpO- ekrat mpeacraprenet Prammmmawn a HOHE W ecau aaa Hiuzonesuu stor mpouece maxoaures 11 camoit xavanHoii cram (8 2009 1 Got saxmouen epsuiii zoroBop 06 OGxieHe), H, caerOBATETBHO, B OT- ‘MouIcHHNN 9TOTO rOCYaapCTBA NOK eue TpyaHO roBO- Ts © KAKHX~INGO KOHKPCTHBIN pesy.tbraTaN We yee- XAX, TO DICTATE BODIE! COPKHOCTH aKIKOSAT 4 rare aorosopa (24 mous 1988 r, 8 aapte 1990 r, 8 enpane 1992 r, 4 anrycra 1993 r), Koropere yoxe MpH- Heca KOUKpeTHBIE MLIONBL B pesysusrare oOMena ys PEKAATHICK OMepalNOHHBLE (PoHLtKl, KOTOpHIE qhcKAHCH= Om paGores no sare 1 ynpasewo OOTTT, wKw0- ‘sas Nauowacttit nap Cex-Toac-Cadtepparnisr-Pacp W Moperoit nap 315 Hitio Ha octpowe Tlautasax, 10% TeauiOCTe no cORepUICNCTHORANIO ¢pEMITTIRICKOTO ‘akOHOSATEABCTEA B OGTCTH MeAyHApOAKO! TOPrOR- IM, LIANE zUIKOH hayH M(hNOpHI B COOTBETCTBMH ¢ ‘TpeGonaNHH BaMIMNFTONCKOH KONBEMU 0 MeAKIY- apoanoit Toprosac suzawm auxoit (baynet at qunopet 1973 r, a TAKA COLIAHNE UFTerpHPORANHOIK CHCTENL ONT usta, noceHy 208CKYH0 AKIEMHSECKYHO H TOREEY!O NOAFOTOBKY HaNHOHA TUES KAIPOS. pC TAKOTO KparKOTO OGYOpA MpAKTHKH OGMerED ‘uacTHt BHeMIHeTO JONTA Ha 2KOIOTHECKHE MpOCKTBL TO- cyapere, npeacramWHOUN pAUIHSHBe PerHOH HAMMEL ToaKeTs, AOCTATOMNO NK TOTO, “TOOK CAe-KITE OHO SHMHBAH BBIBOIT 0 TOM, TO OFOBOPHI OO OOMEHE He ToLTE=| 10 HE MPoriopesarr MpmasiuMy HeOTseNLIEMOTO cyBepe- mera aa puporumt pecypeaMt, HO wANPOTHE, CO- aciicraytor peamraumn nocaeawero a mparriKe. B oroll chm nlomiraeMex ONeHHTS sataHeTINNe epeneKrHsss aorosopos 06 OGMeHe B XXI 8, ByzeT JM Yacam™mtpaTecs CO TocyaApCTs, npaxTiy roms sakMOYeMMe TaKOTO Poa COFTaMIeHHNT? Ha KAKHE HO- Be, CUI HEOXBINEHHBE HMEHONMMHCH AOrOBOpANI 06 oGwene, OG1aCTH MOFyT GHITE HampassieMK BHICO- Goreme cpeactsa? 310 Tew Gosee saxo, “4T0 HeKOTOpHe saMaLINBIe HeCmeAOBATETH mMpeapeKAKOT TAKUM JoroROpAM «nLAMeRNODD GyayMLee, MpEKIe RCETO, B CBA C YHACTHBUIINICH Cay'aRNEH MpOUle- HUl{ BHCUIHETO 101ra paxBHBAIOUUNNEA cTpAKANt CO cropoust Beepworo Ganka, Mexctywaposnioro Ba- smotuoro oud, a sexea ‘“xox0rHecKOe mpaso. ~ M.: PYZIH, 2007. 7. Konsioe MH. Tipawo i paspirrue it 9xOIOrHNECKAS GeIONACHOCTE PiERBMBHOUINNCR CrpAH (Ney HapOaNO- ipanorste ronpoch!).~ M.: 3xow, 2000. 8. Konsuos MET, QroorwiecKas GcvonAacHOCTs: RO'MOAHIOCTH MEIAyHApoaHOr axOTOFHNCCKOFO MpaRa I! HOpucr-veaay waposuutx — Intemational Lawyer, 2003. Nol 9. Konoutoe M.H., Bactiposa E-P. Mexanwen smcTOro paxeitTis B citcTeMe THOKHS MexanuraMoB KWOTCKOFO MpO- Toxo 1997 r /! Espasuiiceuit iopuanveckstitxypuat, 2011. ~ NT (38), 10. Hypuyravemosa 9.0, Hcnexunountas Kovmiccus Beexmpuoro Banka: ska 8 ycroiiunaoe paseierue // Moc opoxutt sey pHa.t Mexy HaporHoro pana, 2006. ~ Ne 4(64). 11 Bolivia to Protect Lands in Swap for Lower Debt // New York Times, 1987, July 1. 12. Chambers CM., Chambers PE, Whitehead JC, Environmental Preservation and Corporate Involvement: Green Products and Debt-for-Nature Swaps // Review of Business, 1993, — Vol. 15. 13, Debt-for-Nature Swaps to Promote Natural Resource Conservation: FAO Conservation Guide / C.A. Quesada Mateo (ed.). Rome, 1993, 14. Kopylov MN, The goals of development and environmental security: Can they go together well in Africa // Changing Paradigms in Development ~ South, East and West, A Meeting of Minds in Africa, - Uppsala: The Scandine.- vian Institute of African Studies, 1993 15. Lovejoy Th. Aid Deblor Nations’ Ecology i New York Times, 1984, Oct. 4 16, Ward B,, Dubos R, Only One Earth, ~ N.Y., 1972, 17, World Wildlife Fund and Ecuador Sign Largest Debt-for- 1987. December 14. scnOTO It MexkyHapOAHO- fature Swap // World Wildlife Fund Press Release, BL