Assignment no 2 second quarter

In your own words, explain the factors that affect chemical reaction. You may give an
illustration, or an example for each factor.
1. Concentration of Reactants
- The increase in the concentration of reactants, the rate of reaction increases.
Example:  Ions and molecules interact to form a new compound on increasing the
concentration. The decrease
in the concentration of reactants, fewer molecules and ions are present and the
rate of reaction decreases.
2. Pressure
- Pressure is defined to be the amount of force exerted per area. 
Example: holding a knife to a piece of fruit. If you hold the flat part of the knife
against the fruit, it won't cut the surface. The force is spread out of a large area (low
pressure).
3. Temperature
- Physical quantity that expresses hot and cold. 
Example: Climate Change
4. Catalyst
-  Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing
any permanent chemical change.
Example: Cars, Post-It notes, Laundry detergent, Beer
5. Nature of Reactants
- Difference in rates of two different reactions but cannot be used to make one
reaction go faster or slower.
Example: small pieces of the metals iron and sodium are exposed to air, the sodium
reacts completely with
air overnight, whereas the iron is barely affected. The active metals calcium and
sodium both react with water to form hydrogen gas and a base.
6. Orientation of Reacting Species
- reaction between the reactants occurs only when they collide in the correct
orientation in space.
Example: Colliding of cells
7. Surface Area
- The surface area of a solid object is a measure of the total area that the surface of
the object occupies.
Example: a rectangular prism has 6 rectangular bases and lateral faces. So, the total
surface area is the sum of the areas of all the 6 rectangles.