_ | 948 SECTION 10 2, The role of vital statistics in planning and evaluation is of most important use to which this body of data may be placed to improve public administration. 3. The life table known as ‘biometer’ of public health and longevity enables the insurance agency in fix- ing the life insurance premium rates at various levels and can be used by insurance agency. The data on life expectancy at various age levels is useful in actuarial calculations of risk on life polic 4. Vital statistics are indispensable in demographic re~ search. The information regarding fertility, mortality, morbidity, urban density is indispensable for plan- ning and evaluation schemes of health, family plan- hing and other civics amenities by the government. SOURCES OF VITAL STATISTICS There are five methods usually adopted for collecting data for vital statistics, which includes 1. Registration method: Registration of vital events, e.g. birth, death, etc. 2. Census enumeration method: Population census. . Survey method: Conducting survey, recording events. 4, Sample registration system: Using random sampling methods in urban and rural areas. 5. Analytical method: Algebraic method, which make use of available data without required by fresh survey (refer Author's textbook on ‘Biostatistics for Nursing’) Registration Method Registration method is a perpetual process, which entails the registration of vital events such as births, marriages, deaths, etc. A large number of countries have adopted this system, which is a legal binding on each individual. Registration is done with the proper authorities as ap- pointed by the government of a country. In India, regis- tration of births and deaths is compulsory by legislation through an act known as “The Registration of Births and Deaths Act’, 1969. It came into force throughout the coun- try through a Gazette notification in 1970. In this case of birth, the information with regard to the date of birth, place, name of father, sex of the newborn, nationality, re. ligion and profession of the parents has to be reported to the appropriate authority in the area. In case of death of 4 person, information in respect of date of death, name of the deceased, his/her father's/husband’s name, place at which the death occurred, age, sex, gion, nat marital status, reli- mnality, permanent address and cause of death Components of Health Services has to be supplied to the registering authorit various terms are defined as follows. Births: Means live birth or stillbirths. Live birth: Means the complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of product of conception, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy, which after such expulsion or extraction, breathes or shows any other evidence of if Each product of such birth is considered live born, Stillbirth: Means fetal death where a product of conception, has attained at least the prescribed period of gestation, Death means the permanent disappearance of all evi. dence of life at any time after live birth has taken place. Fetal death means presence of all evidences of life pri orto the complete expulsion of extraction from its mother of a product of conception, irrespective of the period of pregnancy. The legal responsibility of giving the informa- tion in respect of births and deaths to the registering au thority lies with the following persons: 1. Head of the household and in absence of any such person, the eldest male present therein during the said period. 2. In case of births and deaths in a hospital, health cen- ter, nursing home or other such as institutions, the Medical Officer in-charge or any person authorized by their behalf. 3. In respect of births and deaths in a jail, the jailor in- charge. 4. In respect of births and deaths in a choultry, hoste, Dharmashala, boarding house, lodging house, tav- ern, barrack or place of public resort, the person in- charge thereof, 5. In respect ofa newborn child or dead body found de- serted in a public place, the headman or other cor responding officer of the village, in case of a village and the officer in charge of the local police station, elsewhere, 6. In any other place, such person as may be prescribed: ‘The registration office issues a certificate on registt® tion of a birth or death. This certificate is of great US¢ ‘The birth certificate is a legal document and helps a Pe" son at the time of entering a school, taking a job, insu ance policy and ration card, Similarly, a death cert cate helps in getting insurance money and in disputes of land and property. ‘The registration method is easy i 7 effective. Yet suffers from the lacuna that a large num of births and deaths are not reported to the regist™™ office as the law has not been enforced effectively: Inthe acy, very operation and ¥e9 ail Scanned with CamScanner