Title: 2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration (SI Edition)

Table: Table 9. Heat of Respiration for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables at Various
Temperatures
heat of heat of heat of heat of heat of heat of
respiration respiration respiration respiration respiration respiration
category commodity reference
at 0°C at 5°C at 10°C at 15°C at 20°C at 25°C
(mW/kg) (mW/kg) (mW/kg) (mW/kg) (mW/kg) (mW/kg)
Hruschka
Yellow,
Applesa 20.4 35.9 106.2 166.8 and Want
transparent
(1979)
Smith
Applesa Delicious 10.2 15.0
(1957)
Van den
Golden Berg and
Applesa 10.7 16.0
Delicious Lentz
(1972)
Haller et al.
Applesa Jonathan 11.6 17.5
(1932)
Lutz and
Applesa McIntosh 10.7 16.0 Hardenburg
(1968)
a Early 58.2 - Thompson
Apples 9.7 - 18.4 15.5 - 31.5 41.2 - 60.6 53.6 - 92.1
cultivars 121.2 et al. (1951)
Schenk
Late
Applesa 5.3 - 10.7 13.6 - 20.9 20.4 - 31.0 27.6 - 58.2 43.6 - 72.7 (1959,
cultivars
1961)
Average of
50.0 - Wright et
Applesa many 6.8 - 12.1 15.0 - 21.3 40.3 - 91.7
103.8 al. (1954)
cultivars
Lutz and
63.0 - 87.3 -
Apricots 15.5 - 17.0 18.9 - 26.7 33.0 - 55.8 Hardenburg
101.8 155.2
(1968)
Lutz and
Artichokes, 67.4 - 94.6 - 16.2 - 22.9 - 40.4 -
Hardenburg
globe 133.4 178.0 291.5 430.2 692.0
(1968)
Lutz and
81.0 - 162.0 - 318.1 - 472.3 - 809.4 -
Asparagus Hardenburg
237.6 404.5 904.0 971.4 1484.0
(1968)
Lutz and
183.3 - 218.7 -
Avocados *b *b
Hardenburg
465.6 1029.1
(1968)
59.7 - 87.3 -
Bananasa Green *b *b
†b IIR (1967)
130.9 155.2
37.3 - 97.0 -
Bananasa Ripening *b *b
†b IIR (1967)
164.9 242.5
Lutz and
a Lima, 58.2 - 296.8 - 393.8 -
Beans 31.0 - 89.2 Hardenburg
unshelled 106.7 369.5 531.5
(1968)
Lutz and
52.4 - 86.3 - 627.0 -
Beansa shelled Hardenburg
103.8 180.9 801.1
(1968)
Rappaport
and Watada
101.4 - 162.0 - 252.2 - 350.6 -
Beansa Snap *b
(1958),
103.8 172.6 276.4 386.0
Sastry et al.
(1978)
2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration 1
(SI Edition) © 2018 American Society of
Heating, Refrigerating and Air-
Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE)
Title: 2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration (SI Edition)
Table: Table 9. Heat of Respiration for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables at Various
Temperatures
Lipton
Beets, red, (1957),
16.0 - 21.3 27.2 - 28.1 34.9 - 40.3 50.0 - 68.9
roots Sastry et al.
(1978)
Biale
(1960), Lutz
84.9 - 155.2 - 208.5 - 388.0 -
Berriesa Blackberries 46.6 - 67.9 and
135.8 281.3 431.6 581.9
Hardenburg
(1968)
101.4 - 153.7 -
Berriesa Blueberries 6.8 - 31.0 27.2 - 36.4 IIR (1967)
183.3 259.0
Berriesa Cranberries *b
12.1 - 13.6 32.5 - 53.8 IIR (1967)
Lutz and
Hardenburg
(1968),
Berriesa Gooseberries 20.4 - 25.7 36.4 - 40.3 64.5 - 95.5
Tewfik and
Scott
(1954)
Lutz and
Hardenburg
91.7 - 82.4 - 243.9 - 339.5 - (1968),
Berriesa Raspberries 52.4 - 74.2
114.4 164.9 300.7 727.4 Tewfik and
Scott
(1954)
Ryall and
Lipton
145.5 - 210.5 - 303.1 - 501.4 - (1972),
Berriesa Strawberries 36.4 - 52.4 48.5 - 98.4
281.3 273.5 581.0 625.6 Watada and
Morris
(1966)
Ryall and
Lipton
Broccoli, 102.3 - 515.0 - 824.9 - 1155.2 -
55.3 - 63.5 (1972),
sprouting 474.8 1008.2 1011.1 1661.0
Smith
(1957)
Brussels 95.5 - 187.2 - 283.2 - 267.2 -
45.6 - 71.3 IIR (1967)
sprouts 144.0 250.7 316.7 564.0
Lutz and
Cabbagea Penn Statec 11.6 28.1 - 30.1 66.4 - 94.1 Hardenburg
(1968)
Anderson et
al. (1963),
White, 106.7 -
Cabbagea 14.5 - 24.2 21.8 - 41.2 36.4 - 53.3 58.2 - 80.0 Lutz and
winter 121.2
Hardenburg
(1968)
Lutz and
Hardenburg
159.1 -
Cabbagea spring 28.1 - 40.3 52.4 - 63.5 86.3 - 98.4 (1968),
167.7
Smith
(1966)

2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration 2

(SI Edition) © 2018 American Society of
Heating, Refrigerating and Air-
Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE)
Title: 2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration (SI Edition)
Table: Table 9. Heat of Respiration for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables at Various
Temperatures
Haller et al.
(1941), IIR
70.3 - 109.1 - 164.9 - (1967), Lutz
Cabbagea Red, early 22.8 - 29.1 46.1 - 50.9
824.2 126.1 169.7 and
Hardenburg
(1968)
IIR (1967),
Lutz and
155.2 - 259.5 - 388.0 - Hardenburg
Cabbagea Savoy 46.1 - 63.0 75.2 - 87.3
181.9 293.4 436.5 (1968),
Maxie et al.
(1959)
Morris
(1947), Lutz
and
Carrots, Imperator,
45.6 58.2 93.1 117.4 209.0 Hardenburg
rootsa Texas
(1968),
Scholz et al.
(1963)
Sastry et al.
Main crop, 86.8 -
Carrots, (1978),
United 10.2 - 20.4 17.5 - 35.9 29.1 - 46.1 196.4 at
rootsa Smith
Kingdom 18deg;C
(1957)
Van den
Carrots, Nantes, Berg and
a d 9.2 19.9 64.0 - 83.9
roots Canada Lentz
(1972)
Cauliflowera Texas 52.9 60.6 100.4 136.8 238.1 IIR (1967)
Sastry et al.
a United 121.2 - 199.8 - (1978),
Cauliflower 22.8 - 71.3 58.2 - 81.0
Kingdom 144.5 243.0 Smith
(1957)
New York,
Celerya 21.3 32.5 110.6 191.6 IIR (1967)
white
115.9 -
a United
Celery 15.0 - 21.3 27.2 - 37.8 58.2 - 81.0 124.1 at IIR (1967)
Kingdom
18°C
a Utah, Scholz et al.
Celery 15.0 26.7 88.3
Canadae (1963)
81.0 - 115.9 - 157.6 - Smith
Cherriesa Sour 17.5 - 39.3 37.8 - 39.3
148.4 148.4 210.5 (1957)
Van den
a 74.2 - Berg and
Cherries Sweet 12.1 - 16.0 28.1 - 41.7 83.4 - 94.6
133.4 Lentz
(1972)
Corn, sweet
Scholz et al.
with husk, 126.1 230.4 332.2 483.0 855.5 1207.5
(1963)
Texas
Cucumbers, 68.4 - 85.8 92.1 - Smith
*b *b
71.3 - 98.4
California at 13°C 142.6 (1957)
Lutz and
Figs, 145.5 - 168.8 - 252.2 -
23.5 - 39.3 65.5 - 68.4 Hardenburg
Mission 187.7 281.8 281.8
(1968)

2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration 3

(SI Edition) © 2018 American Society of
Heating, Refrigerating and Air-
Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE)
Title: 2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration (SI Edition)
Table: Table 9. Heat of Respiration for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables at Various
Temperatures
Smith
Garlic 8.7 - 32.5 17.5 - 28.6 27.2 - 28.6 32.5 - 81.0 29.6 - 53.8
(1957)
Van den
Labrusca, Berg and
Grapesa 8.2 16.0 47.0 97.0 114.4
Concord Lentz
(1972)
Hawkins
(1929), Lutz
Vinifera,
Grapesa 3.9 - 6.8 9.2 - 17.5 2.42 29.6 - 34.9 74.2 - 89.2 and
Emperor
Hardenburg
(1968)
Gerhardt et
al. (1942),
Lutz and
a Thompson
Grapes 5.8 14.1 22.8 Hardenburg
seedless
(1968),
Micke et al.
(1965)
Scholz et al.
Grapesa Ohanez 3.9 9.7 21.3
(1963)
Eaks and
California
Grapefruita *b *b *b
34.9 52.4 64.5 Morris
Marsh
(1956)

2018 ASHRAE® Handbook - Refrigeration 4

(SI Edition) © 2018 American Society of
Heating, Refrigerating and Air-
Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE)