Problems

HUNT for success Problems
PHYSICS
refresher
INTERMEDIATE 1ST YEAR
We are getting several calls and mails from students to pro-

vide our materials. This year all our printed books were sold
and now we are not able to provide books. We prepared to help
students with out expecting any benefit. . Thats why we put all
our materials in our website. Students can get benefit out of
our materials.
We are thankful to students and fac-

ulty members for making our website
and materials such a grand success.
PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 167
HUNT FOR SUCCESS PUBLICATIONS for inter students Ph: 789 3699 456
HUNT for success Problems HUNT for success Problems
HUNT FOR SUCCESS HUNT FOR SUCCESS CD

PHYSICS TO CRACK EAMCET, AIEEE, IIT JEE, VIT, GITAM ONLINE
TEST,BITSAT, VIT etc., entrances
Order today...
REFRESHER Call us at 789 3699 456 and get CD ROM.
MRP. 399/-
Offer price. Rs. 299/- till Feb. 28 2011.
limited copies. hurry....
INTERMEDIATE
2ND YEAR MAIN FEATURES OF THE CD
UNLIMITED MOCK TESTS

TIME LIMIT
PROBLEMS ERROR ANALYSIS

MORE THAN 25,000 PROBLEMS
WITH
SOLUTIONS
Giri Prasad. M
168 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 169

HUNT FOR SUCCESS PUBLICATIONS for inter students Ph: 789 3699 456 HUNT FOR SUCCESS PUBLICATIONS for inter students Ph: 789 3699 456
1. WAVE MOTION 1 
stretched wire V    330   33ms
1
1. A longitudinal progressive wave is given by the equa-  10 

tion y  5 10 2 sin  t  x ) . Find (i) amplitude (ii) But the velocity of transverse waves along a
frequency (iii) wave length and (iv) velocity of T
the wave stretched string is given by V  .
m
Sol: The equat ion of t he progr essive wave
y  5 102 sin  (400t  x) or y  5 10 2 sin(400 t   x) T T
i.e. V   33   (33)2
Comparing with the general equation of the pro- 33  10 3 33  103
gressive wave y  A sin( t  kx)
 Tension T = (33)3  103  35.937 N .
By comparing we can find,   400 and k   . 3. A wire length 1m and mass 20g is stretched with
We find (i) Amplitude A  5 10 2 m. . a force of 800N. Find the fundamental frequency.
Also find the frequencies of the first two over-
 400 tones.
(ii) Frequency v    200 Hz
Sol: Length of the wire (l) = 1 m
2 2
M ass per unit lengt h of t he wir e (m) =
2 2
(iii) Wave length     2m mass 20  10 3
k    20 10 3 kg m 1
length 1
ω 400
(iv) Velocity = V = = = 400ms -1 Tension of the string (T) = 800N
k  Fundamental frequency
2.. A metal wire of length 1 m has a mass of 33g.
Find the tension required to stretch the wire to 1 T 1 800
propagate a transverse wave along its length,
n   100 Hz
2l m 2  1 20 10 3
with a speed equal to of the speed of sound The frequency of 1st overtone n1  2v  2  100  200 Hz
The frequency of 2nd overtone n 2  3v  3 100  300 Hz
in air at .
4. A tuning fork ‘A’ produces 6 beats per second with
(Velocity of sound in air at ) another fork ‘B’. On loading ‘B’ with a little wax.
Sol: M ass per unit lengt h of t he wir e = It produces 5 beats per second with ‘A’. If the fre-
quency of ‘A’ is 256 Hz find the frequency of ‘B’
Sol: Let the frequency of the forks be n A and n B re-
spectively. They produce 6 beats per second.
Velocity of sound in air at
The velocity of the transverse wave along the
b) If the train is moving away from him?
 n A  n B  6 or n B  n A  6
(The velocity of sound in air is 330 ms1 )
The frequency of ‘B’ decreases on loading and beat
frequency also decreased to 5. It happens only when Sol: Frequency of the whistle n  1000Hz .
n B  n A  6  n B  n A  6  256  6  262Hz Velocity of the train
1000 100 1
Vs  120 kmph  120   ms
5. The frequency of a tuning fork ‘x’ is 5% greater 3600 3
than that of a standard fork of frequency ‘K’. The
frequency of another fork ‘y’ is 3% less than that Velocity of sound in air V  330 ms1
of ‘K’. When ‘x’ and ‘y’ are vibrated together 4 Velocity of the observer Vo  0 (stationary observer)
beats are heard per second. Find the frequency
of x and y.
(i). When the train approaches him
105
Sol : The frequency of fork x  n x  K  V 
100 n   n
97  V  Vs 
The frequency of fork y  n y  K.
100  330 1000 
Apparent frequency    1112Hz
Given that n x  n y  4 . 330  100 / 3 
 
ii) When train is moving away from him
105 97
K K4  V 
100 100 n   n
8K  V  Vs 
 4  8K  400  K  50Hz
100  330 1000 
Apparent frequency    908Hz
105 330  100 / 3 
 
The frequency of x  50  52.5Hz
100 7. A fire engine with its bell ringing with a frequency
of 200 Hz is moving with a velocity of 54 kmph
97
Similarly frequency of y   50  48.5 Hz towards an observer at rest near a hut on fire.
100 What is the apparent frequency of sound heard
So, the frequency of ‘x’ and ‘y’ are 52.5 Hz and 48.5 by the observers?
Hz respectively. (Velocity of sound in air = 300 ms-1.
6. A train is travelling at 120 kmph and blows a Sol: n  200Hz
whistle of frequency 1000 Hz. What will be the
frequency of the note heard of by a stationary 54  5
VS  54 kmph   15 m / sec
observer 18
a) If the train is approaching him ? When source is moving towards a stationary ob-
server, apparent frequency heard by the observer. tion of the wave.
n = 1200 Hz l = 2 m
 V   300 
n  n    200 
 V  VS   300  15  n
1 T 1
 V  V  2 l .n
2l m 2l
 210.5 Hz .
 2  2  1200  4800 m / sec .
8. A man standing at certain distance blows a horn
towards a big wall. He hears the echo after 5 s. If 10. In a sonometer a stretched wire is observed to
1
vibrate with a frequency of 30 Hz in the fundamen-
the velocity of sound in air is 340 ms , what is tal mode, when distance between bridges is 0.6 m.
the distance between the man and wall ? If the string has a linear mass of 0.05 kg/m. Find a)
Sol: the velocity of propagation of transverse wave in
Time taken to hear an echo, t = 5 s, the string and b) the tension in the string.
Velocity of sound in air V  340 ms1 . Sol: n = 30 Hz; l = 0.6 m; m = 0.05 kg/m;
V = ?; T = ?
Distance between the wall and the man. d= ?
2d 1 T 1
Velocity of sound V  n  V  V  2 l .n
t 2l m 2l
Vt 340  5  2  0.6  30  36 m / sec
 d   850m
2 2 T T
The distance between the man and the wall = 850 m. V  36 
m 0.05
9. The height of a cloud above the earth is 100m. If  T  36  36  0.05  64.8 N
an observer hears the sound of thunder 0.3 s after
the lightening is seen what is the velocity of sound 11. Two wires are fixed on a sonometer wire. Their
on that day? tensions are in the ratio 8:1, the lengths in the ra-
Sol:. t = 0.3 sec tio 36: 35, the diameters in the ratio 4:1 and densi-
100 m ties in the ratio 1: 2. If the string of higher pitch
d = 100 m has a frequency of 360 Hz calculate the frequency
of the other string.
d 100 1000
V    333 m / sec T1 8 l1 36 d1 2r1 r1 4 1 1
t 0.3 3  ;     
Sol:
T2 1 l1 35 ; d 2 2r2 r2 1 ; 2 2
2. The third overtone produced by vibrating string 2m
long is 1200 Hz. What is the velocity of propaga-

M1 34
Beat frequency n  n1  n2 
m1 l 9
  1
Ratio of linear mass density m2 M2 V V 34  V
l2
 
1  2 9 V  n  n  
 
M1 l2 34 1 1 
 (But M  r 2 l  )  V  
l1 M1 9  9 10 
r12 l11 l2 r121 34 10  9 

   V   V  340 m / sec
r22 l22 l1 r222 9  90 
13. Two tuning forks give 4 beats per second when
2 sounded simultaneously. The frequency of one of
m1  4   1  8
 m 1 2  1 the forks is 384 Hz. When the other fork is loaded
2     with a little wax 6 beats per second are produced.
What is the frequency of the second fork?
1 T
We know that n  Sol: Beat frequency n  n1 ~ n2  4
2l m
When a tuning fork is loaded, its frequency de-
n l T1 m2 creases.
 1  2  In the given problem after loading beat frequency
n2 l1 T2 m1
increased. It happens only when the tuning fork of
lower frequency is loaded.
n1 35 8 1 35
    Hence n1  n2  4
n2 36 1 8 36
 384  n2  4  n2  380 Hz
From the above ratio, it is clear that n2  n1
14. When two tuning forks A and B are sounded at the
n1 35 same time 3 beats are heard per second. The fre-
   n1  350 Hz quency of ‘A’ is 512 Hz. When second fork ‘B’ is
360 36
filed the beat frequency reduced to 2. Find the fre-
quency of the fork ‘B’.
12. Two sound waves of lengths 9 and 10 meters pro-
duce 34 beats in 9 seconds. Find the velocity of Sol: Beat frequency n  nA ~ nB  3
sound.
nA  512 Hz
Sol: 1  9m ;  2  10m number of beats = 34;time=9 sec When a tuning fork is filed, its frequency increases.
In the given problem, after filing beat frequency is
increased. It happens only when the frequency of
fork B is less than frequency of A
2d1
nA  nB  3  nB  nA  3 . as V 
t
 nB  512  3  509Hz .
2d1 2d1
15. The frequency of a tuning fork ‘A’ is 2% greater  350    d1  350m .
than that of a standard fork ‘K’. The frequency t1 2
of another tuning fork ‘B’ is 3% less than ‘K’. Time taken to near the second echo t 2 = 5 sec.
When ‘A’ and ‘B’ are vibrated together 6 beats Distance travelled by the second echo  2d2
per second are heard per second. Find the fre-
quencies of ‘A’ and ‘B’. 2d 2 2d 350  5
Sol: Let the frequency of standard fork = K V  350  2  d 2   875
t2 5 2
Frequency of A  nA  102% K
 Total distance  d1  d 2  350  875  1225m .
Frequency of B  nB  97% K
Given Beat frequency nA  nB  6 2. OPTICS
102 97 17. If the refractive index of glass is 1.5. Find the
K  K  6 velocity of light in glass.
100 100
(Velocity of light in vacuum = 3  1 0 8 m / s )
5
 K6
100 Sol:    C  3 108 m / s; V  ?
 K  120 Hz C
d1   d 2  The absolute refractive index of glass  
V
102
 nA  120  122.4 Hz 3  108 3  108
100 1.5  V  2 108 m / s.
V 1.5
97 18. A ray of light is incident on a glass slab of refrac-
nB  120  116.4 Hz
100 tive index 1.5 making an angle of 40 0 with the
16. A man standing between two parallel cliffs fires a surface. Find the angle of refraction in glass.
gun. He hears the first echo after 2 seconds and the
(Velocity of light on vacuum = 3 108 m / s )
next after 5 seconds. What is the distance between
the cliffs? Velocity of sound in air is 350 m/s. Sol: Angle of incidence with the normal
Sol: Distance travelled by the first echo = 2d1 . i  90 0  angle made by the light ray with the sur-
Time taken to hear the first echo t1 = 2 sec. face = 900  400  500 ;    r  ?

sin i of the material of the prism.
By Snell’s law of refraction,   Sol: A  600 ,    ,   ?
sin r
The refractive index of the material of the prism,
sin 50 0 0.7660
 sin r    0.5107 0 0
1.5 1.5  A    sin  60  40 
sin    
The angle of refraction in glass, r  30 43'. 0
 2   2 

19. An equilateral glass prism is made of a material A  60 0
sin sin  
of refractive index 1.500. Find its angle of mini- 2  2 
mum deviation.
sin 50 0 0.7660
Solution : A  600 ;         2  1.532
sin 30 0 1
Substituting in
21. Find the critical angle of a denser medium of re-
A fractive index 1.65 for its interface with air.
sin
 2 Sol :
A    C  ?
sin
2
1
Substituting in 
0
 60     60    sin C
sin   sin  
 2   2  1 1
1.5  0
 60 

sin 30  sin C    1.65  0.6061  C  37 0 18'
sin  
 2 
22. Find the critical angle for glass - water interface
if the refractive index of glass is 1.50 an that of
0  600   
1.5sin 30  sin   water is 1.33
 2  Sol :
1  1.33,   1.50; C  ?
 600   
sin    1.5  0.5000  0.7500 We know that
 2 
 1  1.33
  sin C     0.8867
600   1 sin C 1 1.50
 480 35'  60 0    97 0 10 '    37 010'
2
 C  680 28'.
20. The angle of minimum deviation produced by a
60 0 prism is 40 0 . Calculate the refractive index
25. A bar magnet of length of 10 cm and pole
4. MAGNETISM strength 2 Am is making an angle 600 with a
23. The distance between a north pole of strength
uniform magnetic field of induction 50 tesla. Find
6  10 3 Am and a south pole of strength 8 103 the couple acting on it.
Am is 10 cm. The poles are separated in air. Find
Sol: Length of the bar magnet (2l )  10 cm  0.1m.
the force between them.
Sol: The force between two magnet ic poles is Pole strength (m) = 2 Am.
Magnetic induction (B) = 50 Tesla
 0 m1 m 2
F Magnetic moment (M) = 2l m  0.1 2  0.2 Am2
4 d 2
 The Couple acting on the magnet
where   4  7 Hm 1
3
Pole strength of the N - pole, m1  6  10 3 Am C  MB sin     sin 60 0  10   8.66 Nm
2
Pole strength of the S - pole, m 2  8 103 Am 26. Find the magnetic induction at a distance of 20
cm on the equatorial line of a short bar magnet
Distance between the poles (d) = 10 cm = 0.1 m.
with a magnetic moment of 60 Am 2 .
4  6  103  8 10 3 48  1013
F    48 10 11 N. Sol: Magnetic moment of the magnet M  60 Am2
4 (0.1) 2 0.01
Dist ance of the point on t he equat or ial line
24. A N - pole of a very long magnetic needle is placed
at a distance of 20 cm from a point ‘P’. If the d  20cm  20  102 m
strength of the magnetic needle is 40 Am what Magnetic induction on the equatorial line of a short
is the magnetic induction at the point P ?  M
Sol: Since the magnetic needle is very long. The influ- bar magnet BE 
ence of the S -pole can be neglected. 4 d 3
Pole strength of the needle m = 40 Am. 4  7 60
The distance between the N - pole and the point P  BE    0.75  10 3 T.
4 (20  10 2 )3
is r  20cm  20  102 m
N S 27. Two magnetic poles of strengths 40 Am and 10
P Am are separated by a distance of 20 cm in air.
20cm
Find the force between them. If the distance is re-
duced to 10 cm.
 The magnetic induction due to the N - pole at P is
Sol. m1  40 Am ; m2  10 Am ; d  20cm  20 10 2 m.
 m 4  40
B    10 4 T F ?
4 r 2 4 (20  102 )2

 mm 40  10 N N
F  0  12 2  107 
4 d (20 102 )2 90o
MR  M12  M22  2M1M2 cos  S
107  400 N S
 = 10 3 A.
400  104
 M2  M2  2MM cos 90  M2  M2  M 2
When the distance is reduced to 10cm  10  10 2 m
40 10 30. If the maximum couple acting on a magnetic field

 0 m1m2
F   10 7  of induction 0.2 Tesla is 10 Nm. What is its mag-
4 d2 (10  10 2 )2 netic moment?
Sol: C  10 Nm ; B  0.2 Tesla; Magnetic Moment M = ?
107  400
  4  103 N o o
100  104 C  MB sin  (At maximum   90 and sin 90  1
100
28.. Two magnetic poles one of which is three times 10  M  0.2 M  50 A.m2
2
as strong as the other exert a force of 3  103 N on 31. The maximum torque acting on the magnet of
each other. When separated by a distance of 10 length 2x10-1 m in a uniform magnetic field having
cm. Find the strength of each pole. induction 2x10-1 Tesla is 10 Nm. Calculate its pole
Sol. m1  m ; m2  3m ; strength.
F  3  10 3 N ;
Sol: C  10Nm
d  10cm
1 1
0 m1m2 B  2 10 ; Tesla 2l  2  10 m
F  Pole strength m = ?
4 d2 C  MB
3 10 7  m  3m C  2ml  B
 3  10 
[10 102 ]2  10  m  2  101  2  10 1
 10 2  104  m2  m  10 A.m  m
1000
 250 Am
m1  m  10 A.m ; m2  3m  30 A.m 4
32. Calculate the moment of couple required to keep
29. Two identical magnets are placed perpendicular
to each other with their unlike poles in contact. If a bar magnet of magnetic moment 2 10 2 A m 2 in a
each magnet has a magnetic moment ‘M’, what is uniform field of induction 0.36 T at an angle of 30O
the magnetic moment of the combination? with the direction of uniform field.
Sol: M  2 102 Am2 ; B  0.36T ;   300 C  ?
An alpha particle carries 2 units of positive charge.
C  MB Sin  2 10 2  0.36  Sin300  36 N.m
Therefore, the two charges q1 and q 2 have magni-
33. A short bar magnet produces magnetic field of tude and sign as
equal induction at two points one on the axial line
and the other on the equatorial line. What is the q1  2  1.6 10 19 C and q 2  2 1.6 10 19 C
ratio of their distances? Distance of separation r  1013 m .
 2M  2M The force between the two charges given by
Sol: Bax  0 3 ; Beq  0 3
4 d1 4 d 2 1 q1q 2 (9 109 )(2 1.6 10 19 )(2 1.6  1019 )
F  2
Given Bax  Beq 4  r 2 1013 
0 2M  0 M  92.39 10 3 N
   
4  d13 4  d32 The force has a magnitude of 92.39  103 N. and is
3 a repulsive force
2 1 d  2 d 1
    1    1  2 3 :1 36. The force between two charges 2  C and 4 C is
d13 d23 d
 2 1 d 2 24N. When they are separated by a certain dis-
tance in free space. Calculate the force if (a) dis-
tance between them is
5. ELECTROSTATICS doubled and (b) distance is D
halved. F1
34. Calculate the number of electrons in 1 coulomb Sol:

of charge. Force between two charges A
5c E
Sol:
1 q1q 2
Change of electron e  1.6  10
19
C is F   24N
F2
4 o r 2
Q
Change  Q  ne  n 
e (a) When the distance is
doubled. B C
1 200 c 200 c
 No.of electrons n   6.25 1018
1.6  10 19
1 q1q 2 1 q1q 2 1  1 q1q 2  F
F1     
35. Two alpha particles are separated by a distance 4  (2r)2 4 o 4r 2 4  4  r 2  4
of 10 13 m . Calculate the force between them in
24
free space.   6N
4
Sol:

(b) When the distance is halved, The angle  made by F1 with F2 is given by
1 q1q 2  1 q1q 2 
F2   4 2 
 4F  4  24  96N F1 sin1200
4   r  2 tan    3 or    
 4  r  F1  F2 cos120 0
 
2
The effective force on  C charge is of magnitude
37. Two charges of 200  C and  200  C are placed 900N and is in a direction AE parallel to BC
at the corners B and C of an equilateral triangle 38. Two point charges 4  C and 9  C are separated
ABC of side 0.1m. What is the force on a charge
by 30cm. Find the point where the strength of
of 5  C placed at A? the field is zero
Sol:
Sol: q1  5c  5  10 6 C; q 2  200c  200 106 C
The two charges are q1  4  10 6 C , q 2  9  106 C
d = 30cm = 0.3 m.
1 qq
F   1 2  r  C  (0.3  r) 
4 0 d 2 q1 A B q2
0.3m
9 6 6
(9 10 )(200 10 )(5  10 )
F1   900 N Along BA. Let the null point C be at a distance r from q1
(0.1)2
1 q1
Similarly, the force on 5 C charge at A due to the Field strength at C due to q1 is E1 
4  r 2 along AC
200  C charge at C is
1 q2
(9 109 )(200  106 )(5  10 6 ) Field strength at C due to q 2 is E 2 
F2   900N Along AC. 4  (0.3  r)2
(0.1) 2
along BC.
The two forces F1 and F2 are having an angle
As these two are in opposite directions, the result-
  DAC  120 0 between them. Hence the result-
ant field will be zero, if E1  E 2
ant force F is given by F  F22  F22  2F1F2 cos 
1 q1 1 q2

F  F22  F22  2F1F2 cos 4 o r 2 4   (0.3  r)2
4 10 6 9 10 6
 (900) 2  (900) 2  2(900)(900) cos120 0  900 2

r (0.3  r) 2
 o o 1
cos120   sin 30    Taking square root on both sides.
 2
2 3 QA  109 C; QB  109 C ; d  5cm  5 10 2 m
 or 3r  0.6  2r
r (0.3  r) The electric intensity at C due to the charge at A is
0.6 9 109  10 9
 5r  0.6 or r   0.12m  12cm E1   3600N / C along AC
5 (0.05)2
The resultant intensity will be zero at a distance
of 0.12m or 12cm from 4  C charge and between E1
the two charges.
39. Find the force experienced by a chloride ion hav-
ing 4 electrons removed. When place in an elec- C 120o
E
tric field of intensity 2NC 1 .
E1
Sol: Intensity of electric field E  2NC 1 E2
5 cm
m
 The force experienced by chloride ion is
5c
F  qE  (4 1.6  1019 ) (2) (q  ne) 10 9
A 5cm B
 12.8  10 19
N in the direction of the field. 10 9
40. When a charge of 1 C is placed in an electric
The electric intensity at C due to the charge at B is
field, it experiences a force of 2  103 N . Find the
intensity of the field.
9 109 10 9
E2   3600N / C along CB
Solution: (0.05) 2
q  110 6 C ; F  2 103 N .  E1 and E 2 are equal and the angle between them
Let the intensity of the electric field be E
is  120o
Force experienced F = qE
The resultant intensity at C,
2  103
 2 10 3  (1 10 6 )E  E   2  103 NC 1
110 6
E  E12  E22  2E1E 2 cos1200  E12  E12  2E12 cos1200
41. Two electric charges of 109 C and 109 C are
placed at the corners A and B of an equilateral 3600 N / C . This is in a direction parallel to AB.
triangle ABC side 5cm. What is the electric in- 42. Two protons are at a distance of 0.53 10 10 m . Cal-
tensity at C?
culate the potential energy of the system in eV.
1 q
Sol:. E   Sol: Charge of proton q1  1.6  1019 C ,
4  0 r 2

44. The plates of a parallel plate capacitor are sepa-
distance between them r  0.53  10 10
m rated by 0.1mm. What should be the plate area
to have a capacitance of 2 pF?
1 q1q 2
 Potential energy of the system U  4 [Take o  8.85  1012 C2N1m2 ]
o r
Sol:. o  8.85  1012 C2N1m2 , distance bet ween the
(1.6 10 19 )(1.6  10 19 )
 (9 109 ) J
0.53 10 10 plates d  0.1 mm  0.1 103 m , A m 2 .
We know that
(9  109 )(1.6 10 19 )
U 
0.53 10 10

eV 1eV  1.6  10 19 J  o A dC  
0.1 103 2  10 12 
C  A 
 27.2 eV d o 8.85  10 12
43. A dielectric of thickness 5cm and dielectric con-
stant 10 is introduced between the plates of a 2  10 4
  22.6  106 m2 .
parallel plate capacitor having plate area 500 8.85
sq.cm and separation between the plates is 10
45. Three capacitors of capacitance 5F, 10F, 20F
cm. Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor
with dielectric slab. are connected in series. Calculate the effective
capacitance.
[Take o  8.8 1012 C2 / N  m2 ].
Sol: C1  5F , C2  10F and C3  20F .
Sol:. Area of each plate A = 500 sq.cm  500 10 4 m2 . In series combination, the effective capacitance C
Distance between the plates d = 10 cm = 0.1m. is given by
Thickness of the dielectric t = 5cm = 0.05m. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4  2 1 7
Dielectric constant K = 10.        
C C1 C 2 C3 5 10 20 20 20
Permittivity of free space o  8.8 1012 C2 / N  m2 .
20
The capacitance with dielectric is C  2.86F .
7
o A (8.8 10 12 )(500 104 ) 46. A 10F parallel plate capacitor is charged by a 12
C 
 t  0.05  V battery. What is the energy stored in it?
d  t   0.1  0.05 
 K  10 
Sol: C  10F  10 10 6 F . V = 12 V.
14 12
44 10 44 10 1
   8  1012 F  8pF Energy stored in the capacitor U  CV 2
2 5 5.5 2
10 10  5  
 10  1

2
  2
10  10 6 12   720 10 6 J
47. A capacitor of capacitance 10F is charged by a 10cm
12 V battery. While the battery is still present in
2C d  qc 10  d  1C
the circuit, the space between the capacitor plates
is filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant K Let the third change be of qC placed at d cm from
= 3. Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor 2C . Force between 2C and qC must be equal to
filled with the dielectric.
the force between 1C and qC then no net force
Sol: Initial capacitance of capacitor C0  10F ,
acts on qC.
Potential V = 12V,
Dielectric constant of dielectric K = 3. 1 2  10 6  q
F2q  
As the battery is still present in the circuit, the 4 0 d2
potential V will not change.
Capacit ance of capacitor with dielect ric 1 1 10 6  q
6
F1q  
C  KC0  3 10F  3 10 10 F . 4 0 (10  d) 2
 Ener gy stored in capacitor with dielect ric F2 q  F1q
1
U  CV 2
2 1 2 106  q 1 1 10 6  q
   
1
4 0 d2 4 0 (10  d )2
 (3 10 10 6 ) (122 )  15 10 6  144  2160  106 J.
2 2 1
 
48..Calculate the force between two similar charges d 2 (10  d) 2
of magnitude 2 C each separated by a distance 2
km. 2 1 1.414 1
   
Sol: q1  2C ; q 2  2C ; d  2km d 10  d d 10  d
1 q1q 2 2 2  14.14  1.414d  d  2.414d  14.14
F   9  109 
4 d 2 (2  103 ) 2 14.14
d  5.85 cm
9
2.414
9  10  4
  9 103 N  Third change must be placed at 5.85 cm from
4 106 the 2c change.
49.Two charges 2 c and 1 c are placed at a distance of 50.The potential at the origin is zero due to electric
10 cm. Where should a third charge be placed be- field E = 20 i + 30 j N/C. Find the potential at point
tween them so that it does not experience any force? P (2m, 2m).
Sol: q1  2 C ; q 2  1C ; Sol: E  20i  30 jN / C ;
W riting t he coordinat es in the vect or from
 end of the wire and the same number leave the
r  2i  2 jm .
  other end every second.
Potential difference V  E. r  [20i  30 j][2i  2 j]
53. A copper wire of cross sectional area 0.01mm2 is
 40  60  100V used to prepare a resistance of 1k . The resistiv-
51.Calculate the capacity of a parallel plate capacitor
of each plate area of 10 cm x 10 cm and separated ity of copper is 1.7  10 18 m . Calculate the length
by a distance 1mm. of the wire.
Sol: Let the length of the wire be l m.
Sol: Given A  10 cm  10 cm  10 102 10  102 m2
Area of cross section of the wire =A
3
r  1mm  1 10 m
A  0.01mm2  0.0110 6 m2
0 A
Capacity of a parallel plate capacitor C  Resistance of wire R  1k  103 
d
Resistivity of copper   1.7 10 8 m .
8.85  1012 10 2
 l
10 3 From the formula R  , we have
A
 8.85  10 11 Farads = 88.5 PF .
RA
the length of the wire required, l 
6. CURRENT ELECTRICITY 
52. An aluminium conductor is carrying a current of
103  0.01 10 6
1A. How many electrons per second are passing   588.2 m
across any point in the conductor? 1.7  108
Sol: Let the number of electrons passing across any point 54. A wire of length 1m and diameter 0.2 mm has a
in one second be n. resistance of 100 . Calculate the specific resis-
Charge on each electron, e  1.6  1019 C . tance of the material of the wire.
Sol: Length of the wire l  1m ;
q ne
Current, i    n  1.6  1019 C / s. .... (1) diameter of the wire d  0.2 mm ;
t t
Given i  1A  1C / s. .... (2) d 0.2
radius of the wire r    0.1 mm  0.1 10 3 m.
From (1) & (2) 2 2
1  n  1.6  10 19 Area of cross section of the wire
2
n
1
 6.25  1018 electrons/sec. 
A  r 2  3.14  0.1 103  m2
1.6 10 19
Resistance of the wire, R  100.
This means that 6.25 1018 electrons enter into one
The specific resistance or resistivity of the wire is
RA Sol: n = 7.5 x 1015; t = 10 sec; e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
given by  
l
q ne 7.5 1015  1.6  10 19
3 2 Current i    =  120A


100  3.14  0.1 10   3.14 10 6 m .
t t 10
1
57.A wire carries 0.16 A steady current. Calculate
55. Two unknown resistance x and y are connected the time required to pass 36 x 1019 electrons
in the left and right gaps of a meter bridge re- through it?
spectively. Its balance point is at 50cm. When a
Sol: i = 0.16 A; t = ? ; n = 36 x 1019 electrons
resistance of 20 is connected in series with x
the balance point is at 60cm. Calculate x and y.
ne ne 36 1019 1.6  10 19
Sol: Given l1  50 cm; l 2  (100  50)  50cm . i= t   =360sec= 6mins
t t 0.16
x l1 50
   1. x  y ...(1) 58. Two wires of same material have their lengths
y l 2 50
in the ratio of 2:3 and radii 8:9. Equal values of
When 20 is in series with x, the effective resis- p.d. are applied between their ends (separately).
Calculate the ratio of the currents through them.
t ance is x  20 and now l1  60cm and
l 2  (100  60)  40 cm. l1 2 r1 8 A r 2 r 2 82 64
Sol:  ;   1  12  12  2 
l 2 3 r2 9 A 2 r2 r2 9 81
x  20 60 3
   ...(2)
y 40 2 l R l A
R  1  1 2
(1) divided by (2) gives. A R 2 l 2 A1
From Ohm’s law, V = iR
x
y 1 1 i R l A
 x 2  i  1  2  2 1
 x  20   3    R i2 R1 l1 A 2
    x  20 3
 y   2 i1 3 64 32
   
i2 2 81 27 .
3x  2x  40 or x  40 and y  x  40.
59. Find the balance length in a meter bridge, if the
56.The number of electrons striking the screen of a resistance in the left and right gaps are in the
CRT is 7.5 1015 in 10 s. Calculate the electric cur- ratio of 2:3.
rent.
Sol: According to meter bridge principle d
Time taken =
V
P l P 2
 given 
Q 100  l Q 3 22 5 10 11 20
t  2    5  10 17  14.5 10 17 sec
7 2.2 10 6 7
2 l
   200  2l  3l
3 100  l q
electric current = i 
 5l  200  l = 40 cm t
 Balancing length l = 40 cm
1.6  1019
60. The balance point in meter bridge experiment is  2 = 1.1 m.A
14.5 10 17  0.11 10 A
obtained at 30 cm from the left. If the right gap contains
3.5  , what is the resistance in the left gap?
Sol: P = Resistance in the left gap

7. THERMO ELECTRICITY
Q = Resistance in the right gap 62. In a thermocouple the cold junction is at 200 C
Given Q = 3.5  ; l = 30 cm and the neutral temperature is 2700 C . Find the
P l P 30 inversion temperature.
   
Q 100  l 3.5 100  30 Sol: Neutral temperature Tn  2700 C
P 30 3 Temperature of cold junction Tc  200 C

  P   3.5 = 1.5 
3.5 70 7 We know that Ti  Tn  Tn  Tc
61. In hydrogen atom, an electron moves in an orbit  Ti  Tn  Tn  TC  270  270  20  5200 C

of radius 5 10 11
with a speed of 2.2 10 m / s . 6
The temperature of inversion  5200 C.
Calculate the equivalent current. r = 5 x 10-11 m, 63. If  is the temperature of the hot junction of a
Speed = 2.2 x 106 m/sec
thermocouple and the cold junction is at 00 C
Sol: Path cover by the electron in one revolutions (d) then its thermo emf is E  a  b2 . Find the neu-
tral and inversion temperatures of Ni - Cu ther-
= mocoupl e if a  16.3  10 6 V / 0 C and

65. A wire carrying a current of 140 ampere is bent
b  0.021 106 V / 0 C2 .
into the form of a circle of radius 6cm. Calculate
Sol: At neutral temperature the variation of E with  is the flux density at a distance of 8cm on the axis
zero. Differentiating E with respect to  , we get passing through the centre of the coil and per-
pendicular to its plane.
dE dE
 a  2 b = 0 At   Tn , 0 Sol: The flux density at a point which is at a distance x
d d
 0nir 2
0  a  2bTn from the centre of the coil is B 
3/2
a 16.3 10 6 
2 r2  x 2 
Tn    388.10 C
2b 2  0.021 10 6
r  6 cm  6 102 m, n  1; i  140A;  0  4 107 Hm1
At inversion temperature,   Ti , thermo emf E = 0. 2
and x  8cm  8  10 m
Substituting in E  a  b2
2
0  aTi  bTi2 ; B 

4  10 7 140  6  102   3.17  10 4 Wbm2 .
2 3/2
2 2 
a 16.3  106 2   6  102
   8 10  
Ti    776.20 C. 
b 0.02110 6 66. A circular coil of radius 25 cm, carries a current
of 50 ampere. If it has 35 turns, calculate the
flux density at the centre of the coil.
8. ELECTROMAGNETICS
Sol: Radius of the coil (r )  25cm  25 10 2 m;
64. A current of 10 A is flowing through a long Number of turns (N)  35; Current (i )  50 A .
straight brass wire. Find the magnetic induction The flux density
at a distance 0.5cm from the wire.
Sol: Current (i) = 10 A;  0ni 4107  35  50
(B)    4.4 103 Wbm2
Distance from the brass wire 2r 2  25 102
(r )  0.5 cm  0.5  10 2 m; 67. The intensity of magnetic induction at the cen-
7 1
tre of a circular coil is B. What happens to it if
permeability of free space  0   4 10 Hm . the number of turns and radius are doubled?
Sol: Intensity of magnetic induction at the centre of a
0 i 4  10 7  10
 Magnetic induction (B)   o n1i n
2r 2 0.5 102 coil B B  1
2r1 r1
 4 104 Wbm 2

B 2 n2 r1 changes from 1 to 2 .
Therefore,  
B1 n1 r2
i1  29 mA  20 10 3 A; i 2  40 mA  40 103 A;
B2 2n1 r1 1  300 ,  2  ?
but n2  2n1 , r2  2r1 ,    1.
B1 n1 2r1
i1 tan 1 20 10 3 tan 300
 B2  B1. Hence, no change occurs in the mag-   
i 2 tan 2 40 10 3 tan 2
netic induction.
68. A tangent galvanometer has 500 turns, each of tan 2  2 tan 300  2  0.5774  1.1548;
radius 2 cm. If BH  3.6 105 Wb / m2 Find its re- 0
 The deflection 2  49 .
duction factor. Find the deflection due to a 12
mA current. 70. A straight wire (conductor) of length 10cm is kept
in a uniform magnetic field of induction 0.02T.
Sol: (i ) N  500, r  2 cm  2  10 2 m, The angle between the conductor and the field
BH  3.6 105 Wb / m2 . direction is 30 0 . A current of 5A is passed through
The reduction factor, the conductor. Calculate force on the conduc-
tor.
2rBH 2  2  10 2  3.6 105 Sol: l  10 cm  101 m; B  0.02 T;   30 0 ; i  5 A; F  ?
K   7.2  103 A
0N 4  10 7  500
(ii) For a tangent galvanometer, the current flow-
F  B i l sin   0.02  5 10 1  sin 300  5.0 103 N.
ing through it is i  K tan  71. What is the magnitude of force between a pair of
conductors, each of length 110 cm, carrying a
3 3
But i  12 mA  12 10 A ; K  7.2  10 A current of 10 A and separated by a distance of
10 cm ?
12  103  7.2 10 3 tan 
Sol: G iven: i1  i2  10A, r  10 cm  0.1 m,
12
tan    1.6667; the deflection,   590 2. l  100cm  0.1m, 0  4107 H / m
7.2
69. When a current of 20 mA flows through a tan- The force between two parallel conductors is
gent galvanometer the deflection of the needle is
0i1i2l 4 10 7  10 10 1.1
30 0 . When the current is increased to 40 mA F   22  10 5 N
2r 2  0.1
what will be the deflection of the needle? 72. If an electron is revolving in a circular orbit of
Sol: Current through a tangent galvanometer i  K tan 
radius 0.5A with a velocity of 2.2 106 m / s. Find
When the current changes from i1 to i2 , deflection the magnetic dipole moment of the revolving

electron.
6
N  100 10
o
Sol: V  2.2  10 6 m / s , r  0.5 A  0.5 1010 m, N  L i  L    20  10 6 H  20 H .
i 5
76. The current in a coil is changed from 5A to 10A
e  1.6  1019 C.
The magnetic dipole moment of the revolving elec- in 102 s . Then, an emf of 50 mV is induced in a
tron. coil near by it. Calculate mutual inductance of
two coils.
evr 1.6 10 19  2.2 106  0.5 10 10
M   8.8 1024 Am 2 . Sol: di  10  5  5A; dt  102 s
2 2
73. If a circular coil of 100 turns and radius 10 cm induced emf ()  50 mV  50  103 V; M  ?
carries a current of 1A. Find its magnetic dipole
moment. di
 M (numerically)
Sol: n  100, r  10 cm  0.10m , i  1 A dt
Its magnetic dipole moment, di
 M  /
M  niA  nir 2  100 1  (0.10) 2  3.14 A m 2 . dt
74. The coil in a moving coil galvanometer has an
10 2
area of 4cm2 and 500 turns. The intensity of M  50 10 3   104 H  100 H.
5
magnetic induction is 2 T. When a current of
10 4 A is passed through it, the deflection is 20 0 . 77.A long straight wire carries a current of 35A. What
is the magnitude of intensity of magnetic induc-
Find the couple per unit twist.
tion at a point 20 cm from the wire.
Sol: A  4cm 2  4  10 4 m 2 , N  500, B  2 T, i  104 A ,
Sol: i  35A; r  20  10 2 m
  20o , C  ? Intensity of magnetic induction at a distance ‘r’ from
Bi AN  0i 4107  35 5
The couple per unit twist. C  a wire  B   = 3.5  10 T
 2r 2 20 102
78.A wire carrying a current of 100 A is bent into
2  104  4 10 4  500
  2.0 10 6 Nm per degree. the form of a circle of radius 5 cm. Calculate the
20 flux density at the centre of the coil.
75. Calculate the coefficient of self induction of a
Sol: i  100A ; r  5cm  5 10 2 m.
coil of 100 turns when a current of 5 A produces
a magnetic flux of 1Wb . 0 ni
Flux density at the centre of the coil  B 
Sol: N  100, i  5A ,   Wb  106 Wb, L  ? 2r

7
410 1 100 Given: e  1.6  1019 C ; m  9.1110 31 kg ; V  104 V
  4  3.14 104 T  125.6  105 T
2  5 10 2
2 16  1019 104
Then, u   5.93 107 ms 1.
79.A current of 2 A is flowing through a circular coil 9.11 1031
of radius 10 cm containing 100 turns. Find the mag- 82. An electron enters into a magnetic field of in-
netic flux density at the centre of the coil. duction 1  102 T with velocity 1 107 m / s and de-
Sol:. i  2A ; r  10 cm ; n  100 turns
flects into a circular path of radius 6  10 3 m. Find
Flux density at the centre of the coil
the specific charge of the electron.
0 ni 4 107 100  2
B   125.6  105 T mv 2 e v
2r 2  10  102 Sol: Using the formula Be V  ; 
r m rB
80.A wire carrying a current of 4 A is in the form of
a circle. It is necessary to have a magnetic field where r = radius of the circular path  6 10 3 m
of induction 10 6 tesla at the centre. What should v = velocity of the electron  1 107 m / s
be the radius? B = induction of the magnetic field  1 10 2 T.
Sol: i  4A ; B  106 T ; r?
e 1 10 7
7   1.67  1011C kg 1.
0ni  ni 4  10  1 4 m 6 103  110 2
B r  0 
2r 2B 2  106
 8 101  2.51m 1.86  10 19 J
V0   1.16 V.
1.6 10 19 C
9. ATOMIC PHYSICS
81. Calculate the velocity of electrons accelerated 83. Calculate the voltage to be applied to an X-ray
by a potential difference of 1 10 4 V. The charge tube to produce X-rays of wavelength of
o
of the el ectron is 1.6 1019 C and mass is Sol: 1 A(h  6.62  10 34 Js and C  3  108 ms 1 ).
9.11 10 31 kg . o
  1 A  11010 m, h  6.62 1034 Js and C  3 108 ms 1.
1 2
Sol: Using the formula eV  mu hc
2 E  h 


34
6.62  10  3 10 8 10. NUCLEAR PHYSICS
E  19.8  1016 J 86. Compare the radii of the nuclei of mass numbers
1 10 10
27 and 64.
But E  eV , V  E / e Sol: The ratio of the radii of the nuclei is
19.8 10 16 1 1
 1
V  12.38  103 V. R1  A1  3  27  3
1.6 1019     R  R 0 A 3 
R 2  A 2   64   
84. Electrons are accelerated though a potential dif-  
ference of 150 V. Calculate the de Broglie wave-
R1 3
length. 
R 2 4 ; The ratio of the radii of the nuclei is 3:4.
(h  6.62 1034 Js, m  9.1 10 31 kg, e  1.6  1019 C).
56
Sol: V  150 V; h  6.62  1034 Js,
87. Find the binding energy of 26 Fe. Atomic mass of
Fe is 55.9349 u and that of hydrogen is 1.00783
m  9.1 10 31 kg , e  1.6  1019 C u. Mass of neutron is 1.00876 u.
Sol: Mass of the hydrogen atom mH  1.00783 u .
h 6.62  1034 o
    1A
2meV 31  19 Mass of neutron mn  1.00867 u ;
2  9.110 1.6  10 150
85. The work function of a metal is 2.5 eV. What will Atomic number of iron Z = 26; mass number of iron
be the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelec- A = 56;
Mass of iron atom M  55.9349 u .
o
trons emitted if a radiation of wavelength 3000 A
Mass defect m  ZmH  ( A  Z )mn  ma
falls on it. (C  3 108 ms 1 , h  6.63 10 34 Js )  (26 1.00783  (56  20)1.00867  55.93493) u
Sol: W0  2.5 eV  2.5 1.6  1019  4.0  1019 J.  (26 1.00783  30  1.00867  55.9349) u
Mass defect  0.52878 u .
o
  3000 A  3000  1010 m;  Binding energy  (m)c 2
hc 6.63  10 34  3 108
E   6.63  10 19 J.  (0.52878) u  c 2
 3000  1010
 (0.52878) (931.5 MeV ) (19mu  c 2  931.5 MeV )
 492.55 MeV
 Binding ener gy per nucleon of iron

492.55 91. The half - life of 58 Co is 72 days. Calculate its
 MeV  8.79 MeV .
56 average life.
88. The half - life of radium is 1600 years. How much Sol: Half - life, T = 72 days.
time does 1g of radium take to reduce to 0.125g? T 72
Average life,     103.9 days.
1 0.693 0.693
Sol: 1g becomes g in one half - life.
2 92. How many  and  - particles are emitted when
1 1
2
g becomes g in another half - life.
4
uranium nucleus  238
92 U  decay to 214
82 Pb ?
Sol: Let n be the number of  -particles and n be he
1 1 number of  -particles emitted.
g becomes g  0.125g in a third half-life.
4 8
238 214
92 U 82 Pb  n24He  m 0
1 .
 Time taken = 3 half - lives  3  1600  4800 years.
89. The half - life of 58 As mass is conserved, 238  214  4n  m(0)
Co is 72 days. How much time
 214  4n
3
does it take for th of the initial mas to disinte- 4n  24; n  6
4
grate? As charge is conserved, 92  82  2n  m ( 1)
Sol: Let the initial mass be one unit. 10  2(6)  m
3 1 m2.
Mass remaining  1   unit.
4 4  6  -particles and 2  -particles are emitted.
1 1
A mass of 1 unit becomes unit in 1 half - life.
2 2
1
unit mass becomes unit in another half - life.
4
 Time taken = 2 half - lives  2  72  144 days.
90. The half-life of radium is 1600 years. Find its
average life.
Sol: Half - life, T = 1600 years.
T 1600
Average life,     2308 days
0.693 0.693


Problems

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Problems

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

HUNT for success Problems

We are getting several calls and mails from students to pro-

We are thankful to students and fac-

HUNT FOR SUCCESS HUNT FOR SUCCESS CD

UNLIMITED MOCK TESTS

PROBLEMS ERROR ANALYSIS

168 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 169

1. A longitudinal progressive wave is given by the equa-  10 

174 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 175

r12 l11 l2 r121 34 10  9 

178 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 179

182 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 183

40 10 30. If the maximum couple acting on a magnetic field

186 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 187

190 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 191

Sol: P = Resistance in the left gap

P 30 3 Temperature of cold junction Tc  200 C

61. In hydrogen atom, an electron moves in an orbit  Ti  Tn  Tn  TC  270  270  20  5200 C

200 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 201

202 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 203

204 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 205

206 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 207

208 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 209

210 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 211

212 www. PapersHunt.com PHYSICS PHYSICS www. PapersHunt.com 213

You might also like