Linear Law

Ex: 5C Pg:105
3(b) The graph shows part of a straight line obtained by potting values of the values of x+y against x 2.
Express y in terms of x. x+y
: (y  y1) m(xx1)
Formula

x  y (2)  6802x2 0)

(8,6)

x  y 2  x2
y  x2  x 2 Ans.
x2
O
(0,-2)

7.The following table gives experimental values of two variables x and y which are known to be
connected by a relation of the form xy =a + bx

x 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2

y 22.0 15.3 12.0 10.0 8.7
1/x 2.5 1.7 1.25 1 0.8
Plot the graph of y against 1/x and use it to estimate the value of a and of b.

Soln: y-axis

xy abx
y  abx
x
y  a. 1 b
x

Y intercept, b=2

Gradient, a  1015.3
11.7
a  5.3
0.7
a  7.57 8
10. The table shows two variables x and y which are known to be connected by a law of the form
y=kbx.

x 1 2 3 4
y 30 75 190 470
lgy 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.8

Plot lgy against x and use it to estimate the value of k and of b.

y  kbx
lgy lg(kbx )
lgy lgk lgbx
lgy lgk  xlgb
lgy (lgb ).x lgk

lgy intercept:

lgk =1.1

k=101.1=12.6

Gradient

lgb 1.91.5
21
lgb  0.4
1
b 10 0.4

b  2.51