@ Learning Checklist + Rectilinear propagation of light : caer cree! Serta Sites pono Let's Get started We 95 era alightand its uses. Light is the form of energ: things daily life, we see light from many sources u candle, TV, monitor of a computer and have learnt about some properties of ligh ie et from mirrors and formatiorq ae ie TILINEAR PROPAGATION OF irGH7 torch ontoa f (| ae of light? Isit as i pn night and observe its path, What is the nature ee i ysDoes light alwa Sht or curved? You can see the straight line path of the grdeany- ¥e travelin a straight line? Let us find out Activity 1 demonstrate that light travels ‘ im: To! vels ina straight line voter pax ea eee Sheets, three stands, candle and candle stand pectin the three stands coat tne Cente of the three cardboard sheets Fix the cardboard ‘them in yht th = itin front of the nae, straight line as shown in the figure. Light the le of the third cardboard ‘on the first cardboard sheet. See the candle flame Now, move the third stand a little away from the fr ‘stand. Keep the straw 4 gh the straw. Now, ht and aligned with the path of the the alignment gets changed, line. light can travel only in a straight at it always travels in a straightitation of an object. An image can be either real or virtua) ‘on ai screen are called real images. The images that cannot ed virtual images. The light rays falling in a mirror can ‘reflection, or diverge away after reflection. The converging ‘and the diverging rays form a virtual image using your left hand. Which hand of shand and raise the right hand. What appearleft and our left side appearthe candle at different positions and observe nthe distance of the candle from the mirror mirror is always virtual and erect. The size of the The distance between the image and the mirror is ‘the mirror. The image undergoes lateral inversion. of the image formed by a plane mirror ‘by a plane mirror is always virtual and erect e inversion, bya plane mirror is the same as that of the object. the mirror is equal to the distance of the image distance = object distance). which are not plane? Most of the kitchen Ns are curved reflecting surfaces. Take a es. You will see an upright image at in the hollow part of the spoon (Fig 15.2). Fig. 15.2: Images formed diverges (Fig. 15.4). a on two sides of a spoon Reflecting surface silver coating Fig. 15.3: RepParallel light and heat rays —— Image of the sun hs are used as shaving mirrors in headlights of vehicles, search lights, etc n reflection telescopes. Concave mirrors driver see the whole bus. f vehicles.cannot be caught on a screen Lit is always erect Planoconvex _Concavo convex Fig. 15.5: Three types of convex lenses j Planoconvex _Concavo convex Uses of convex and concave * Convex lenses are used as magnif * Convex and concave lenses are used Concave lens is used as a peephole. Convex and concave lenses are used Convex and concave lenses are‘Tens brings the light rays passing through it close to each separates the light rays passing through it (diverges) transparent vessel with water, milk or soap water. Add some milk or soap to the water to make the wo laser torches. You can see the light travelling in a lowes! von | m of white light‘these seven colours to Produce aga a us try. Place two prisms as sht is passed through the first into seven colours. As these rays the second prism, they Fig. 15.15: Recombination of the | it. colours of light na rainbow are formed due to the dispersion of sunlight as it iter droplets in the air after rain. The different colours thus Of a large curve in the sky called a rainbow (Fig.15.16) Fig. 15.16: A rainbow formed in the sky how the seven orm white colour. The Fig. 15.17: Newton's disc(b) Concave mirror (@) Cylindrical mirror (@) five colours ve lens/convex lens)it forms only diminished image converges a ray of light rs are called spherical mirrors. ‘using a convex mirror. e ‘side mirrors in vehicles. ily if it either reflects or emits the light. tirror to have maximum view of his shop. briefly. real image and a virtual image?‘the types of i A a jused (A, B and C) . iu your answer. e —+, A B c cope is an instrument to watch heavenly objects such as moon, planets and stars. pur own telescope using two convex lenses. I |: Two convex lenses of focal length about 10 cm and 100 cm, ‘a tube whose diameter is equal to that of the lens with 1 (that is, 10 cm). Fix the lens at the end of this tube using a tube slightly bigger in diameter than the first tube and fix end of the tube using the tape. ‘one tube into the free end of the other tube. Now, you can Objective lens ®a theory to explain light. His theory is known any theories were developed to explain the theories of light. Standing and where in your class. CanaGre instruments that allow us to see far off objects such that they appea telescopes are used in tourist spc ee distant mountain rai {from atop a hill spot. They have three convex lenses in a cylindri blescopes may have two convex lenses or a combination of ‘Trying to see heavenly bodies through astronomical te \tages. The atmosphere distorts the passage of light fr er conditions also affect the visibility. Another type o is the space telescope. Hubble telescope is the most fam, d by USA which is still performing Astronomical telescope Hubble sp ones) use a large concave mirror at the bot’ ror at the top. ve mirror is used at the bottom of a telescope? din binoculars instead of