JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA
Faculty of Education
Department of teacher training and non
formal education
Name - Mohd Aakil
Class- B.ed- 1 yr
Sec- C
Subject- Maintenance of electrical gadgets
Activity 3- Electrical safety precautions
Submitted to- Dr. YUSUF Sir
ELECTRICAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Electricity is safe to use but may become dangerous
in careless hands. It may cause fire, damage and
fatal or non-fatal accidents to personnel, unless
appropriate elementary precautions are taken.
This danger from electricity can be avoided by using
good quality equipment, material, proper wiring
and installation as well as efficient maintenance and
upkeep of protective devices. In large Factories of
power system or other electrical installations, it is
not always feasible for the Engineers & Supervisors
to explain at length and as often as necessary, all
aspects of safety precautions to every new staff
member nor to train him against all possible
hazards within a short period. It is therefore
essential to introduce safe operational procedure in
the form of safety codes. DO’S and DONTS’ & other
forms of instructions and to train the workman by
practical exercise and drills in the correct operation
and use of electrical equipment, safety appliances &
practice methods of dealing with fire, electrical
accidents, first aid & artificial respiration.
CAUSE OF ELECTRICAL HAZARDS-
Proper operation of electrical installations require
that machinery, equipment & electrical circuits &
lines be protected from hazards caused by both
internal ( arising within the Installation) and
external factors.
Internal Causes-
1.Over Voltage.
2.Short Circuit.
3.Over Current.
4.Corrosion, leading to electrical current leakage to
ground.
5.Heating of conducting and insulating material
that may result in operator burns emission of toxic
gases, component fires & inflammable atmosphere
explosion.
6.Leaks to insulating fluids such as oil.
7.Generation of Hydrogen or other which may lead
to the formation of explosive mixture.
External Causes-
1. Mechanical factors like fall, bumps, vibration.
2. Physical & Chemical factors, natural or artificial
radiations, extreme temperature, oils corrosive
liquids, humidity.
3. Wind, snow fall, lightening.
4. Animals in both urban & rural settings, may
damage the power lines insulation & so cause short
circuit or false contact.
5. And least but not the last, adults & children who
are careless, reckless or ignorant to risk & operating
procedure.
A safe work environment is not always enough to
control all potential electrical hazards. You must be
very cautious and work safely. Safety rules help
you control your and others risk of injury or death
from workplace hazards.
If you are working on electrical circuits or with
electrical tools and equipment, you need to use
following golden safety rules:
1. Avoid contact with energized electrical
circuits.
2. Treat all electrical devices as if they are live or
energized. You never know.
3. Disconnect the power source before servicing
or repairing electrical equipment.
4. Use only tools and equipment with non-
conducting handles when working on
electrical devices.
5. Never use metallic pencils or rulers, or wear
rings or metal watchbands when working with
electrical equipment.
6. When it is necessary to handle equipment
that is plugged in, be sure hands are dry and,
when possible, wear nonconductive gloves,
protective clothes and shoes with insulated
soles.
7. If it is safe to do so, work with only one hand,
keeping the other hand at your side or in your
pocket, away from all conductive material.
This precaution reduces the likelihood of
accidents that result in current passing
through the chest cavity.
8. Minimize the use of electrical equipment in
cold rooms or other areas where condensation
is likely. If equipment must be used in such
areas, mount the equipment on a wall or
vertical panel.
9. If water or a chemical is spilled onto
equipment, shut off power at the main switch
or and unplug the equipment.
10. If an individual comes in contact with a live
electrical conductor, do not touch the
equipment, cord or person. Disconnect the
power source from the circuit breaker or pull
out the plug using a leather belt.
11. Equipment producing a “tingle” should be
disconnected and reported promptly for
repair.
12. Do not rely on grounding to mask a defective
circuit nor attempt to correct a fault by
insertion of another fuse or breaker,
particularly one of larger capacity.
13. Drain capacitors before working near them
and keep the short circuit on the terminals
during the work to prevent electrical shock.
14. Enclose all electric contacts and conductors so
that no one can accidentally come into contact
with them.
15. Do not store highly flammable liquids near
electrical equipment.
POINTS TO BE REMEMBERED FOR
ELECTRICAL SAFETY-
1. Always use the switch in phase-wire instead of
neutral wire.
2. Always use 3 pin plug in socket.
3. There should be no joints in wire / cables.
(Minimum Possible).
4. Use M.C.B. for overload and short circuit
protection at mains & at power point.
5. Never touch any electric equipment with wet
hands and never touch any electrician
working on electrical installations.
6. All metallic parts should be properly earthed.
7. All transformers should be earthed at four
points.
8. Never shift any running pedestal / table fan.
Desert cooler is further dangerous. Crushed
wire will lead to shock.
9. Always use proper rating of fuses
10. Always use good insulation wires and good
insulation tapes, also use proper tools.
11. There should be “NO SMOKING” zone near
transformer oil, diesel and electrical
equipment.
12. There should not be any water / condensate
dripping near cables / panel boards .
13. Rubber sheets are must in front of panels.
Also use while working at its backside.
14. Sand buckets and Fire Extinguishers should
be placed near electrical panels /
Installations. Also do numbering of each
panel.
15. Never use pliers / screw drivers of poor
quality and poor insulation. Damaged
insulation.
16. Never join two wires of different rating i.e.
Thickness , Thin & Thick.
17. Whenever there is a loose connection, spark
will occur due to millivolt drop which may
result in Flash, Fire or Accident.
18. Never overload any socket or point.
19. Ensure while digging pits / trenches that
cables are not laid in that area. Also think for
similar risk while drilling in walls / pillars.
20. Never keep anything inside or on top of
electrical panels.
21. Staggered joints are useful where ever
feasible.
22. Keep the Panels closed.
23. Following precautions are must while
switching ON / OFF any domestic switch.
Water proof Switch Broken Domestic Switch -
Hand should be dry - Dry Shoes / Sandal -
Switch is not broken.
24. Electrical work requires full attention all the
time.
25. Concentrate on your work to avoid mishap.
These are some points which should be kept in
mind while working with electrical gadgets.
.THANK YOU.
