AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING _ AND MATHEMATICS (with Solutions to Recent Board Exam Questions) (Using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS ) Volume 1 ROMEO Q. TOLENTINO ENGR. DANTE J.P. VIUAREAL ASCOCIATG PRIFESSOR F COULGE OF ENGINEERING ; ||Philippine Copyright 2014 by Romeo Q. Tolentino No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in @ retrieval system. or transmitted in any form or by electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, and recording ‘or any information storage and retrieval system without the written permission of the author. ALLRIGHTS RESERVED. ISBN: 978-971-817-193-6 Published by Booklore Publishing 1518 Alvarez St., Sta. Cruz, Manila Tel. No. 743-7323/Telefax: 743-1379 PREFACE Year 2010 , | started reséarching on how to maximize the use of the CALCULATOR ( CASIO FX 991 ES ) . | developed calculator shortcuts in ENGINEERING and MATHEMATICS ( now Popularly known as CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES ) The rest now is history. My work has been adopted and imitated ~— by schools and review centers. It became a very powerful tool for siudents taking the board exams. This book is a compilation of CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES and SHORT CUTS in CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS. tt is a product of years of research. i call the book AMAZING because whenever | give lectures in CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES , this word is usually the comment of ‘students. | hope that this latest work of mine (in the tradition of CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES BOOKS SERIES) benefits more students and licensure exam reviewees. Romeo Q. Tolentino March 29, 2014ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Engineer Gertrudo Regondola (Professor: Ateneo De Naga University ) Dr. Amelia T. Marquez (MEGAREVIEW ) Dr. Delia Fainsan (Head ME/EE National University ) Engineer Oliver Daitol (Head ECE ULE.) THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO My Mother Herminia Q. Tolentino (whose memories will live forever) and KEN ANGELO TOLENTINO.TABLE OF CONTENTS WHEN BEARING IS GIVEN. . HOWTO FIND LATITUDE AND DEPARTURE Th 1 [LINE GIVEN TWO POINTS. | 15. HOW TO FIND THE AREA OF A REGULAR: | POLYGON: 24 | 25 2, HOW TO FIND LATITUDE AND DEPARTURE ! {46 HOWTO FIND THE AREA OF A SEGMENTOFA 25, WHEN AZIMUTH IS GIVEN. CIRCLE. |3. HOWTO FIND BEARING AND DISTANCE WHEN | 17, HOWTO EXPAND A BINOMIAL a7 |___DEPARTURE AND LATITUDE IS GIVEN. 2 | “4, HOW TO SCLVE MISSING LINES (BEARING , 1 78, HOWTO COMPLETE A SQUARE 128 DISTANCE UNKNOWN) 13 5, HOW TO COMPUTE DMD AND DPD i | 4] | 19. HOW TO LOCATE THE VERTEX OF A [2 i | PARABOLA: 20. HOWTOFIND DISTANCE SETWEENAPOINT =| CANDALINE, 30 | 21. HOW TO FIND AREA USING TRAPEZODAL RULE | 31 22, HOWTO FIND AREAUSING SIMPSON’S RULE | 32_| ‘UNKNOWN ) 12 HOWTO. FIND ROOTS OF COMPLEX a NUMBERS : 9. HOWTO SOLVE TRAVERSE PROBLEM 24, HOW TO SOLVE CLOCK PROBLEMS: [35_| (BEARING OF ADJACENT SIDES UNKNOWN ) 15 25. HOWTO LOCATE THE CENTROID OF A [36 | TRAPEZOID | 10, HOW TO COMPUTE THE TOTAL ERROR OF 26. HOWTO GET THE CENTROIDAL MOMENT OF | 37 CLOSURE IN A TRAVERSE ) 7 INERTIA OF A_TRAPEZOID. | 27. HOW TO SUBDIVIDE A TRAPEZOID WITH A 71, HOW TO ADJUST COURSE LATITUDES AND | LINE PARALLEL TO THE BASE 38 DEPARTURES USING COMPASS RULE 18, 28. HOW TO MODEL PARABOLIC CURVES Ai 12, HOWTO ADJUST COURSE LATITUDESAND ~ | 20 29, HOW TO SOLVE ROAD FILL PROBLEMS 42 DEPARTURES USING TRANSIT RULE 30. HOW TO DO SYNTHETIC DIVISION 45 31. HOW TO SOLVE OBLIQUE TRIANGLE a7 43. HOWTO FIND THE INTERSECTION OF TWO PROBLEMS LINES. na 2 ‘32, HOW TO GET THE DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO - COORDINATES IN A TERRESTIAL SPHERE. “54 [14._ HOWTO FIND DISTANCE AND BEARING OF A(33. HOW TO ANALYZE GRAVITY DAMS (34, HOW TO ANALYZE PARABOLIC CABLES 35. HOW TO SOLVE CONSOLIDATED TRI-AXIAL LEMS ( ONE CIRCLE ILVE CONSOLIDATED TRI-AXIAL TEST PROBLEMS (TWO MOHR CIRCLES) PAST CE BOARD : _ 37. HOW TO SOLVE CONSOLIDATED UNDRAINED TRIAXIAL TEST PROBLEMS WITH PORE PRESSURE ( TWOMOHR CIRCLES) 38. HOW TO SOLVE CONSGLIDATED UNDRAINED TRIAXIAL TEST PROBLEMS ( DEVIATOR STRESS GIVEN) i | 39. HOW TO SOLVE DIRECT SHEAR STRESS TEST OBLEMS _ | 40. HOW TO SOLVE RETAINING WALL PROBLEMS | |__ APPLICATION OF LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE " APPLICATION OF LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE WITH SURCHAGE) 42. HOW TO SOLVE RETAINING WALL PROBLEMS (APPLICATION OF LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE — TENSILE CRACKS ) |49. HOW TO SOLVE SYSTEM OF LINEAR |__ EQUATIONS IN 4 UNKNOWNS. __ 6 ‘50. HOW TO SOLVE TRANSLATION OF VESSELS (TRAPEZOIDAL SECTION GIVEN- RELATIVE 87 | EQUILIBRIUM ) if [51 HOWTO SOLVE ROTATING VESSEL | 52. HOWTO SOLVE STABILITY OF FLOATING Is BODY PROBLEM _(METACENTRIC HEIGHT ) 53. HOW TO SOLVE DISCHARGE UNDER FALLING EAD PROBLEMS. | 53. HOW TO SOLVE DISCHARGE UNDER FALLING | | HEAD PROBLEMS (CCNE, FRUSTUM OF ACGNE, | 95 | HEWISPHERE USING GENERALIZED TECHNIQUE | FOR DISCHARGE UNDER FALLING HEAD } { 54. HOW TO SOLVE MAXIMUM FLOW IN A : CIRCULAR PIPE ‘55. HOW TO SOLVE CRITICAL DEPTH AND CRITICAL VELOCITY INA PARABOLIC CANAL. | 101 ‘56. HOW TO SOLVE CRITICAL DEPTH AND CRITICAL VELOCITY IN A TRAPEZOIDAL CANAL _| 102 57. HOWTO SOLVE PLANE COMBINED STRESS [PIPE B. How ra co PROBLEMS INVOLVING 76 PROBLEMS USING TOLENTINO’S MOHR’S 108 CIRCLE TECHNIQUE. 44, HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEM INVOLVING 2 “HOWTO LOCATE THE CENTROID OF A #. HOWTO SOLVE HOOP TENSION INA TANK OnsOve ™ HEIGHT IS GIVEN. WHOSE SHAPE IS A FRUSTUM OF A CONE. 79 59. HOW TO LOCATE THE CENTROID OF A 46, HOW TO SOLVE PIPE PROBLEMS USING 83 FRUSTUM OF A CONE. 114 MANNING'S EQUATION (FLOWING FULL) 47, HOW TO SOLVE PiPE PROBLEMS USING ['60. HOWTO GET COMPONENTS OF AFORCE “MANNING'S-EQUATION (PARTLY FILLED ) 84] GIVEN MAGNITUDE AND'ANGLE- =" >| 118 | | 48, HOW TO SOLVE MAXIMUM FLOW IN A CIRCULAR | 65 | 61. HOWTO GET COMPONENTS OFAFORCE | 143 naanGIVEN MAGNITUDE AND SLOPE ie | | 62. HOW TO GET A FORCE AND ITS ANGLE WITH X | AXIS GIVEN ITS X AND Y COMPONENTS HOW TO GET RESULTANT OF COPLANAR CONCURRENT FORCES 17 | 4, HOW TO FIND THE RESULANT OF COPLANAR H NON CONCURRENT FORCES | 118 65. HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEMS INVOLVING | EQUILIBRIUM OF COPLANAR CONCURRENT | 122 |g FORPES ‘SIMPLE BEAMS | 7 | 67. HOW TO” x “GET THE de ‘ORDINATES OF THE SHEAR | AND _MOMENT DIAGRAM OF SIMPLE BEAMS. | 68. HOW 7C COMPUTE THE MAX MOMENT FOR A SIMPLE BEAM OF TRAPEZOIDAL LOADING. 142 69 HOW TO SOLVE FOR MAX WEIGHT WHEN ALLOWABLE STRESSES AREGIVENFORPIN | 144 CONNECTED BARS 70. HOWTO COMPUTE TOTAL ELONGATION OF ABAR WITH TAPERING CROSS SECTION. 145 74. HOWTO COMPUTE TOTAL ELONGATION OF 185, OF A BAR WITH DIFFERENT LOADINGS and 147 83. HOW TO SOLVE LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL LENGTHS EQUATIONS: 188 | 84. HOW TO SOLVE MIXING PROBLEMS IN 72. HOWTO SOLVE STATICALLY INDETERMINATE | DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (RATE COMING IN = 191 MEMBERS 148 RATE COMING OUT) [__“A SEGMENT OF A SPHE! 76. HOWTO COMPUTE CENTROID AND MOMENT | OF INERTIA_OF AT SECTION 163, 77. HOW TO COMPUTE SHEARING STRESSES AND ‘SHEAR DISTRIBUTION IN. A RECTANGULAR 166 |__ SECTION | | 78. HOW TO COMPUTE FLEXULAR STRESS | DISTRIBUTION IN THE BEAM ANDAXIALLOAD | 169 | CARRIED BY THE BEAM DUE TO FLEXULAR i | | STRESS. | HOW 70 COMPUTE SHEARING STRESS _ DISTRIBUTION, AND SHEAR CARRIED BY A 173 | | PARTICULAR AREAINAT — SECTION. | i | 20._HOW TO COMPUTE SHEARING STRESS a7 | DISTRIBUTION, AND SHEAR CARRIED BY A | 177 | PARTICULAR AREA IN AN I SECTION. | OW TO APPLY TOLENTINO'S MOHR'S |] CIRCLE TECHNIQUE TO DETERMINE CENTROIDAL | 181 PRINCIPAL MOMENTS OF INERTIA AND MOMENTS AND PRODUCT OF INERTIA ABOUT A RCTATED AXIS IN AN L SECTION 82, HOW TO COMPUTE REACTIONS IN A PROPPED BEAM 73. HOW TO COMPUTE TOTAL ANGLE OF TWIST 152 FOR DIFFERENT LOADINGS AND MEMBER: | LENGTHS (TORSION) | 85. HOW TO SOLVE MIXING PROBLEMS IN DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (RATE COMING IN # 194 RATE COMING OUT) 74, HOWTO SOLVE MAXIMUM SHEARAND | FSB MOMENT IN MOVING LOADS. [161 ‘86. HOWTO DO INTEGRATION BY PARTS (USING |THE MODIFIED TECHNIQUE ) 196 75. HOW TO LOCATE THE CENTER OF GRAVITY OF 87. HOWTOINTEGRATE Je=xdx |__ 7198} 88. HOW TO SOLVE PARTIAL FRACTIONS 199 | OBLEMS. 189. HOWTO SOLVE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS USING LAPLACE TRANSFORMS 207 90, HOW TO GET RADIUS AND CENTER OF _CURVATURE 22 91, HOW 70 APPLY TOLENTINOS CALCULATOR | FORMULA FOR COMPUTING RADIUS OF 24 | CURVATURE AND CENTER OF CURVATURE. 92, HOWTO COMPUTE POWER AND LOGARITHM | OF COMPLEX NUMBERS _ _ 216 | 93. HOWTO COMPUTE TRIGONOMETRIC AND Ta | STIONS OF COMPLEX NUMBERS | 213 | [a4 HOWTOMULTIPLY POLYNOMIALS | 220 TO REMOVE THE XY TERM IN EGUATION AX? + BKY+ CY? +DX+EY+ ROTATION CF AXES, eee 96. HOW TO ANALYZE TRANSLATED ELLIPSE 97. HOW TO ANALYZE TRANSLATED: HYPERBOLA ‘98. HOWTO GET THE SLOPE and TANGENT LINE AND NORMAL LINE OF A CURVE GIVEN ITS PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS ‘99. HOW 70 GET THE SLOPE OF A POLAR CURVE. 100. HOWTO FIND POLARS AND TANGENT LINES TO CONIC PROBLEMS IN_ STATISTICS 401. HOWTO SOLVE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION 102. HOW TO GET DIRECTION COSINES AND COMPONENTS OF A SPACE FORCE GIVEN THE COORDINATES CF HEAD AND TAIL OF THE FORCE ere 7 103. HOWTO FIND RESULTANT OF THREE “CONCURRENT SPACE FORCE VECTORS. i. HOWTO GET THE MOMENT OF A SPACE | FORCE VECTOR ABOUT A POINT. 105. HOWTO SOLVE EQUILIBRIUM OF | CONCURRENT SPACE FORCES, | 248 | | 249 | 250 |1. HOW TO FIND LATITUDE AND DEPARTURE WHEN BEARING IS GIVEN. Hf bearingis N@ E Angle from (+) xaxis 90-0 Ifbearing is NOW Angle from (+x) axis is 90+6 Hfbearing is S@ W Angle from (+x) axis is 270-8 ffbearingis S@E Angle from (+x) axisis 270+6 Example 1-1 Find the latitude and departure of line AB whoss length is 25 m and bearing is N 30° W . Solution: ENTER. MODE 2 INPUT 25 _(90 +30) = Result: -12.5 + 21.65: Departure = -12.5. Latitude = 21.65 Example 1-2 Find the latitude and departure of line BC whose length is 12 m and bearing is $209 E. Solution: ENTER: MODE 2 INPUT: 12L_(270 + 20)= Result: 4.104- 11.2761 Departure is 4.104* Latitude = -11.276 TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Ena’r Ramenrn 4. é- sdielachiaeemendamaentiaiatnae2, HOWTO FIND LATITUDE AND DEPARTURE WHEN AZIMUTH IS GIVEN. Example 2 Find the departure and latitude of line 1-2 with azimuth 321°40' and distance is 140.25. Solution: To get the departure and latitude when azimuth is given: ENTER MODE 2 and input Length L(-90- Azimuth ) ENTER: 140.251 (-90 - 321940" ) = Result: Dep = 86.99 Lat = -110.01 3. HOWTO FIND BEARING AND DISTANCE WHEN DEPARTURE AND LATITUDE IS GIVEN. Example 3.1 Find the bearing and distance when departure is -34.56 and latitude is 21.33. ENTER: MODE 4 Input; Pol( 21.33, 34.56) = (Note input both the positive equivalent of departure and latitude with latitude first. ) Result: r= 40.61 6= 58,3176 Then distance = 40.61 and bearing is N 58.3176 W Note: !f latitude and departure are both + direction is NE If latitude is + and departure is -,, direction is NW If latitude and departure are both - , direction is SW If latitude is - and departure is + , direction is SE "AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTSIN™ MATHEMATICS AND CIViL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) 5 er "AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES. AND SHORT CUTS IN Example 3.2 Find the distance and bearing of a line whose fatitude = departure is -34.31. Solution: ENTER: Pol(24.55,34.31) = Result: r=42.19 8 = 54.415 Distance is 42.19 and bearing is $ 54.415" W latitude (-}) - 24.55 and (departure and 4, HOW TO SOLVE MISSING LINES (BEARING , DISTANCE UNKNOWN) Example 3- (PAST CE BOARD ) From the following closed trav Lines Bearing Distance 4-2 N30°E 120.2 23 N78 E 90.2 S32E 88.4 44 _ — Solution: ENTER: MODE 2 Compute Angles from the + x axis for 1-2 Store 120.2 L_ (90-30) to A for 2-3 Store 90.2 _( 90-78) toB for 3-4 Store 88.41.( 270+ 32) toC MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1 )Let D be the missing side vector. Then A+ B+C+D=0 D=-(A+B+C) ENTER : -(A+B+C) Result: -195.174— 47.881 , store this to D. ENTER: | D| = SHIFTHYP D Result: 200.961 (Length of the missing side.) ENTER: Arg(D). SHIFT 2 1D Result: -166.215° Angle from the horizontal is 166.215° clockwise. ( 3" quadrant - SW } Then bearing angle is 166.215-90 = 76.215° Missing Line 4-1 is 200.96 $76.215°W 5. HOW TO COMPUTE DMD AND DPD Example 4 ( Continue calculations from example 4. ) Given the data from example 4 : ines Bearing Distance 4-2 N30E .. 120.2 23 N78°E 90.2 3-4 S220E 88.4 44 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) To get departureS and latitudes: ENTER: A = Result: 60.1 ENTER: B= + 104.096 Dep = 60.1 Lat= 104.1 Result: 88.23 +18.75i © Den=88.22 Lat= 18.75 ENTER: C= Result: 46.64-74.971 Dep = 46.84 Lat=-74.97 ENTER: D = Result: -195.17- 47.88 Dep =-195.17 Lat = -47.88 Lines 42 23 34 44 DEP LAT 60.10 104.1 88.23 18.75 46.84 -74.97 195.17 47.88 ENTER: MODE 3 2 and Show the Frequency (SHIFT MODE DOWN STAT FREQ ON ) INPUT THE GIVEN DATA: x Y Freq 4-2 60.10 1041 2 23 88.23 1875 2 34 4684 7497 2 a 195.17 47.88 4 “AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIOUES AND SHORT CUTSIN™ ==" MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) nate Beaman t) Triantinn Pace 5 | tSof line 4-1 a R EDIT DATA: x Y Freq 42 60.10 1041 2 23 8823 1875 2 anh 46.34 1497 1 a -195.17 -87.88 0 To get DMD and DPD of line 3~4 ENTER: =x then Zy Result: 343.5 and 170.73 To get DMD and DPD of line 2-3 EDIT DATA: x Y Freq 42 60.10 1041 2 23 88.23. 1875 1 34 4684-7497 0 44 “195.17 -4788 0 ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING (VOLUME 1) ENTER: SX Result: 208.43 (DMD) .and 226.95 (DPD) EDIT DATA: 4-2 60.10 104.1 1 23 88.23 18.75 0 34 46.84 .-7497 0 44 195.17 47.88 0 ENTER: =X and SY Result: 60.1 and 104. SUMMARY OF RESULTS: Lines DMD DPD 4-2 60.1 = 104.1 23 208.43 226.95 34 343.5 170.73 44 195.17 47.88 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 1 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) using CASIO F)6. HOW TO COMPUTE AREA OF CLOSED TRAVERSE USING DMD AND DPD. Example 5 Find the area of the tract of land (from example 3), Lines LAT DEP 1-2 104.10 60.10 23 18.75 88.23 74.97 46.84 47.88 -195.17 computed the OMD and DPD from example 5 LAT DEP DMD. DPD 104.19 60.10 60.1 104.1 18.75 88.23 208.43 226.95 7497 46.84 © 343.5 170.73 47.88 -195.17 195.17 47.88 To compute the Area using DMD EDIT DATA from (50) x Y — Freq= (DMD) 12 60.10 104.1 60.1 23 88.23 18.75 208.43 34 4684-7497 343.5 44 “195.17 -47.88 195.17 AMAZING CALCULATOR TE! MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) :CHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN Result: -12,466.23 Area using DMD = 12,466.23 m2 To compute the Area using DPD EDIT DATA from (5) x Y Freq = DPD 1-2 60.10 104.1 104.1 23 88.23 18.75 226 95 34 46.84 -74.97 170.73 4 -195.17 -47.88 47.88 ENTER: 0.52x = Result: 12,466.22 Area using DPD = 12, 466.23 m2 7, HOW TO GET COORDINATES IN A CLOSED TRAVERSE Example 6 Referring again to Example 4 lines Bearing Distance 4-2 N30°E 120.2 23 N78°E 90.2 34 S32E 28.4 At a — From Example 3-2 , we have stored. the following values in MODE 2. FOR 1-2 Store 120.2. (90-30) to A for 2-3 Store 90.2 L( 90-78) toB for 3-4 Store 88.4L.( 270+32) toC y UES ANI MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) ena. Deen TL DennoIfthe coordinate of point 1 is (0,0), compute the coordinates of point 2, point 3 and point 4. To get the coordinate of 2: ENTER: A= Result: (60.1, 104.10) To Get the Coordinate of 3 ENTER: A+B= Result: Coordinate of 3is (148.33, 122.85) To get the coordinate of 4: ENTER: At 5+ C- Result: ( 195.17, 47.88 } Summary of Results: Point Coordinate 1 (0.6) 2 (60.1, 104.1 ) 3 (148.33, 122.85 ) 4 (195.17, 47.88 ) AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT C MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) 8. HOW TO GET THE AREA OF A TRAVERSE USING COORDINATE METHOD Example 7 From the result of Example 6, find the Area of the lot using Coordinate Method Result of 6 Point Coordinate 1 (0,0) 2 (60.1, 104.1) 3 (148.33, 122.85 ) 4 (195.17, 47.88 ) The Area using Coordinate Method is ENTER: MODE 3 2 Show the Frequency Input the given data: x Y Freq 0 104.1 41 (This can be omitted ) 60.1 12285 1 148.33 47.88 1 . 61 0 «A (This can be omitted ) 148.33 104.1 -1 | eT AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) oi195.17 122.85 -1 ENTER: AC To get the Area ENTER: 0.5 Dxy Result: -12,466.23 Area = 12,466.23 (6.5 SHIFT 1 5=) 8. HOW TO SOLVE MISSING SIDES (2 SIDES UNKNOWN ) Example 8 PAST CE BOARD Given the technical description of a triangular lot Lines Bearing Distances AB N40°W x BC. N S0°E 810 CA due Scuth y a. Find the values of x and y. b. Find the area of the lot. c. An Area of 190,000 m?is to be segregated along side BC starting from’B,Compute the bearing and length of the dividing line from B. Solution: Angle of N.40°W from +xaxisis 90 + 40= 130 Angle of N 60°E from +x axis is 90-60 = 30 Then: xi 130+ 810L.30+ yL.270=0 Then: xL50+yL.270 = -(810 L.30) = -701.48 405 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) ENTER: MODE 5 1 Input: cos 130 cos 270 -701.48 sin 130 sin 270-405 Result: x= 1001.31 y= 1240.99 Get the Coordinates. Assume point A is at (0,0) Then Coordinate of Bis 1091.31L 130 Coordinate of B = ( -701.47, 835.98 ) Coordinate of C: Ans + 810L.30= (0, 1249.98) Figure: (MODE 2 } B (70047, 36 9) The area of the lotis ‘base x height = %4 ( 1240.98 x 701.47 ) = 435,255.12 m2 ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)From the figure: Segregated Avea= ¥% 810 sin 60°(z)= 190,00 z 344774 To Get ihe iength of the ing line: ENTER: MODE 2 Use Cus Law Technique: INPUT: [ 810L.60 - 541.71] = Result: 714.68 To get 8: 14+B-C? Input: cos DAB saint ENTER: A? 741.68 B? 541.71 C?810 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Bearing of the Dividing line from B is: $ 78.9712 E with length of 544.71m 9 . HOWTO SOLVE TRAVERSE PROBLEM (BEARING OF ADJACENT SIDES UNKNOWN ) Example 9 Determine the bearing of lines 4-5 and 5-1 of the closed traverse shown with the technical description as follows: Lines Bearing Distances AB S$ 35°30'W 44.37 m BC N57°15'W 137.84 m cD N145E — 12.83m OE 64.86 m EA 106.72 m MODE 2: Solution: Store 44.37L (270-3530) to A (SW) Store 12.83 (57° 15’ +90) toB (NW) Store 12.83L (90-1%43' )to C (NE) To get the distance and bearing of DA Input: (A+B+C)= SHIFT 2 3= Result: 150.311 -19.94° (This is the length and angle of DA ) ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING ing CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)10. HOW TO COMPUTE THE TOTAL ERROR OF CLOSURE IN A | TRAVERSE | Example 10 PAST CE BOARD EXAM Compute the total error of closure and Balance using the Compass | Rule and the Transit Rule. Given Line Bearing Length AB S7949W 690.88, BC N 73°36 15" W 616.05 cp S91530" E 677.97 DE $8125" E 971.26 EA N 14956" E 783.32 | A? 64.86 8? 150.31 C? 105.72 Result: 37.78° (This is Angle D ) Solution” MODE 2 Store 690.88L_(270- 70%9') oA (SW) 616.05L ( 90+ 7399615") toB (NW) 677.97_( 270+ 9°15'30" ) toC (SE) 971.26L_(270 + 81°42'5') toD (SE) 783.32L.( 90- 14°56’) toE (NE) ENTER: CALC A? 106.72 B? 150.31 C? 64.86 Result: 21.86° This is angle A Bearing of DEis N 90-(37.78-19.9) E = N 72120E . , f Fix calculator to 3 decimal places Bearing of AE is N (90-21.86-19.9)W 10.3 do = N 48.24 ENTER: SHIFT MODE 6 3 ENTER: A+B+C+D+E= Result: 1.036 -0.664i (This is the error: Store this to F .) ENTER: | E | = Result: 1.231 | AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORTCUTSIN’ MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES (VOLUME 1)Total Error of Closure = 1.231 41. HOW TO ADJUST COURSE LATITUDES AND DEPARTURES USING COMPASS RULE Example 11 Base on Example 52 Line Bearing Length AB S79°49W 690.88 BC N 7303615" W 616.05 cD. $9015'30" E 677.97 DE $ 8194215" E 971.26 EA N 14°56 E 783.32 Sclution: Compute the total length of the traverse. 690.88 + 616.05 + 677.97 + 971.26 + 723.32 = 3739.48 Store this value to M. To get the corrected length and bearing of AB. = \Aj ENTER: A-/CIF = ENTER: a Result: -680.188 -122.024i Corrected Dep = -680.188 Corrected Lat = -122.024 ENTER: SHIFT 23 = Result: 691.047 L_-169.829 Corrected Length = 691.047 and Corrected Bearing = S$ 169.829-90 W $799.49 44.4" W MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN To get the corrected Length and Bearing of BC: BI B-—F=: ENTER: BW Result: -591.169 + 174.003i Corrected Dep = -591.162 Corrected Latitude = 174.003 ENTER: SHIFT 2 3= Result: 616.2451 163.599 Corrected Distance = 616.245 and Corrected Bearing= N 163.599-90 W = N73935' 56.4" W To get the corrected length and bearing of CD: ENTER; c-!C! M Result: 108.888 — 659.013: Corrected Departure = 108.888 Corrected Latitude = -669.018 ENTER: Shift 23= Result: 677.821 L (-80.756) Corrected Distance = 677.821 and Corrected Bearing = S 90-80.756 E= S$ 9914 384"E Do the same for DE and EA. For DE: 960.828 - 139.9651 = 970.9691 -8.288 For EA : 201.6+ 757.00i= 783.3991 75.085 Corrected Bearing for DE= S$ 81942'43.2" E MAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTSIN’ MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Ban's Brenan A TrlentiCorrected Bearing for EA= N 14954'54" E * 12. HOW TO ADJUST COURSE LATITUDES AND DEPARTURES USING TRANSIT RULE Example 12 For Transit Rule: Correction = -AY/Z|LAT| (CL) or - AX/E|DEP| (CD) where: Ax, Ay are errors in departure / iatitude S|LAT| = sum of the absolute values of iatitude ‘SIDEP| = sum of the absclute values of departure CL and CD = length of the particular course latitude or departure. Solution: Continuation of Example 41. The Error is F = 1.036 - 0.664i AX= 1,036 and AY =-0.654 |DEP! = sum of the absolute values of departure Note: A = -679.997 — 122.1471 590.998 + 173.893: }09.076 — 669.138: 961.097 - 140.138! E = 201.858 + 756.864: We need to get the Z|DEP| which are the real parts of A.B,C,D and E. ENTER: -A-B +C+D+E = Then »|DEP| = 2543.025 _ENTER: -A+B=C-D+E = AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN | MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Resuit: E|LAT| = 1862.180 MAKE A CALCULATOR FORMULA FOR THE ADJUSTMENT: ENTER: 64. ¥ 3.0: 1862.18 X= departure, | X| is absolute vaiue of departure Y = latitude , | Y| is the absolute value of latitude ENTER: LGBOLX | oy 0.66419), 2541.94 1862.18 CALC X? 679.997 = Y? 122.147 = (For AB) Result: -680.274 — 122.103: ENTER: SHIFT 23 = Result: 691.1461 (-169.8249) Corrected Distance = 691.146 and Corrected Bearing = S 169.824- 80 W = S799 49°26.4 W (Corrected Departure and Latitude) For BC: CALC X? 590.998 = Y? 173.893= Result: -591.239 + 173.955: ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND'SHORT CUTS IN’ =" MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Ents ‘Renan © Trdantion Dane 04ENTER: SHIFT 23= Result: 616.298 _ 163.605 Corrected Distance = 616.298 Corrected Bearing = N 163.605 -90 W =N 73°36 18" W ENTER: SHIFT 23= Result: 783.5591 75.078 Corrected Distance = 783.559 N90- 75.078 E = Corrected Bearin, FOR CD: CALC X? 109.076 = Y? -869.138 = Result: 109.032 -668.899 i ENTER: Shift 23 = Result: 677.727 L -80.742 Corrected Distance = 677.727 Corrected Bearing= $ 90-80.742E = S 9°15'28.8"E 13. HOW TO FIND THE INTERSECTION OF TWO LINES Evample 13 . Line AB is passes through the points A( 50,-20) and B (100, 70) and line CD passes through the points C(70, -67) and D ( 34, 99) Find the intersection of AB and CD. Solution: For DE ENTER: MODE § 1 CALC INPUT: X?:961.097 = Y? -140.138 50 -90 1 Result: 960.705 -140.088i 106 70 1= ENTER: SHIFT 2 3= Result: 970.865L_-8.296 Result: 8/625 x— 1/250y=1 — Equation of AB. Corrected Distance = 970.865 EDIT: Corrected Bearing= N 90-8.296E = N 81942 14.4"E INPUT: 1 -7 1 For EA: 3990 T= CALC Result: 13/739.x + 3/739y = 1 Equation of CD, X? 201.858 =Y? 756.864 = Result: 201.776 + 757.134: To get the intersection of AB and CD . ENTER: MODE 5 1 ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)Input 81625-11250 1 13/739 3/736 Result: ( 65.88, -39.17 ) 44. HOW TO FIND DISTANCE AND BEARING OF A LINE GIVEN TWO POINTS. Example 14 Line AB passes through ihe points A(100, -50) and B ( 34, 900). Find the bearing and distance of AB. To find the distance: ENTER: MODE 2 ENTER: | A-B| CALC A? 100 - 50i= 5? 34 + 900i = Result: 952.25 distance = 952.29 To get the bearing: ENTER: Arg(B-A) Result: 93.974° , This is a counterclockwise angle with respect to the N 93.9749 -90W = N3.9749W Alternative Solution: MODE 1 ENTER: Pol( 34-100, 900 -{-50) )= Result: r= 952.29 6 = 93.9749 ( 2r quadrant) Bearingis 93.974°-90 = 3.9749 or N3.974°W and Length 952.29 = = — AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) of 979, 45, HOW TO FIND THE AREA OF A REGULAR POLYGON: To find the area of any regular polygon Ls taney" Input: Mis the number of sides. Xis the iength of one side. Example 15 Find the areas of a. pentagon with side 10 cm, b. nonagon with side 8 cm. Solution: 129 HO sag INPUT: 4 asa CALC M?5 = X? 10= (Pentagon) a. Area= 172.0477 cm? CALC M? 9= X?8= (Nonagon ) b. Area = 395.64 om? 16. HOW TO FIND THE AREA OF A SEGMENT OF A CIRCLE. To find the area of a segment of a circle: ENTER: 0.5 X2(Y—sin( Y)) Xis the radius of the circle . is the central angle in radians. Example 16.1 Find the area of a segment of a circle of radius 5m and central angle ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)Soiution: SHIFT MODE 4 (RADIAN MODE } ENTER: 0.5 X?( Y-sin (Y) ) CALC X?5 = Y? 97° (INPUT AS 97 SHIFT Ans 1) Result: 8.755 mé tf depth and Diameter is given, Let A=depth and D =diameter, the Area is J 2VDx-x° ,0,A,0.01) (Note: ENTER SHIFT MODE 2) Example 13.2 Find the Area of the segment of ine circle shown. a ENTER: f 2Vpx—x*,0,1.2,0.01) Result: 3.17 m? Alternative Approach if depth and diameter are given: Rad MODE: ENTER: a, D > . X =2cos A G)05C (X-sin X) where: X= angle, Cis the radius and D = depth. MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN ENTER: CALC 071.2= c22= Result: X= 2.31856 ENTER: = Result: 3.17069 (A 17 HOW TO EXPAND A BINOMIAL Example 17 Expand ( 2a - 3b)§ Solution: The general term for the expansion is 6 C x ( 2a)®* (-3b)* which is 8CX ( 2)8(-3 a@*bx where x=0, 1,2... 5 ENTER: MODE 7 INPUT: fs) =6CX (2° (3) START=6 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)6 729 (2a-3b)° = 645 - 576 a®d + 2160 atb?- 4320 = 2196ab5 + 729b® 18. HOWTO COMPLETE A SQUARE Example 18 To complete a square ax? + bx+ c B. ore Complete the square of the following. a. 3xt+ 4x-5 b. 7x2-2x+ 3 Solution: ENTER: CALC B? 4 =A? 3= C=-5 Result! X= -2/3 and AX? +BX+C=-19/3 5+ 4860a%b* X° +BX+C ENTER: PAX +BX4C Thus: 3x? + 4x-5= 3(x + 2/3)? 19/3 ENTER: CALC B?-2 A? C=3 Result: X= 1/7 AX? +BX+C= 20/7 Then: 7x 2x+3 = 7(x-1/7F + 20/7 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) 49. HOW TO LOCATE THE VERTEX OF A PARABOLA: Example 19.1 Given a parabola ax? + bx + cy+d= 0 To compute the vertex : ENTER: vy =-2.,-A0 + 8-2 2A c Example: Locate the vertex of the parabola 4x2+ 3x +5y-7 =0 Soluticn: ENTER: _ BAX? +BX+D 24° CALC B73= A24 = Result: X =-3/8, The paraboia is : y= 4(x+3/8)2 + 121/80 The vertex is at (-3/8, 121/80) Example 19.2 Given a parabola 3y?- 2y + 4x-3=0 Locate the vertex. ENTER: ya 2, AV+BY+D 24° Cc CALC B?-2= A?3= D?-3=C?4= Result: Y=1g -4U +BY +P ~ 5g AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)Vertex is at (-5/6, 1/3) and X= 3(Y +5/6)2 + 1/3 20. HOW TO FIND DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE. Given the point (X.Y) AND the line AX + BY + C = 0, the distance between them is : +BY+C +B Example 20.1 Find the distance between (3,4) and the line 5x - 3y + 2= 0. Solution ENTER: CALC A?5=X?3=B?-3=V24=C72= 5v34 Result: 4 Example 20.2 Find the distance between (-5, 7) and the line 5x - 6y + 9=0 Solution: - AX +BY+C ENTER: V4e4 BB? CALC A?5=X?-5=B?-6=Y?7=C?9= -58v61 Result: 61 Disregard Sign. "AMAZING GALGULATOR TECHNIQUES. AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) 21. HOWTO FIND AREA USING TRAPEZODAL RULE Example 24 Given x3 4 5 6 7 8 y 486 572 63 633 585 523 Find the Area using trapezoidal rule. Solution: ENTER: MODE 3 2 INPUT: xX Y 466 05 5.72 63 6.33 1 5.85 1 6.23 05 To get the Area: ENTER: 1 SXY__ (Note 1 is the interval length ) ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)RESULT: 29.145 FT2 22, HOW TO FIND AREA USING SIMPSON’S RULE Example 22 Evaluate [ed using SIMPSONS RULE with n=4 Solution: Compute interval. h= (2-0)4= 1/2 Get the vaiue of f(x) = e%2 at each interval. ENTER: MODE 7 INPUT: f(x) = 2 ‘START: 0 END: 2 STEP: 1/2 Resuit: X F(R) 0 4 9.5 0.7788 1 0.3679 15. 0.1054 2 0.0183 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Page 32 Eng’r Romeo Q. Tolentino ENTER:MODE 3 2 INPUT: x oY 1 13 0.7788 4/3 03679 23 0.1054 4/3 0.0183. 13 ENTER: 0.5 Sxy RESULT: 0.8818 Note: Y changes from 1/3 4/3 23 431 (Note: 0.5 is the length of interval ) 23. HOWTO FIND ROOTS OF COMPLEX NUMBERS Example 23 Find the 3 cube roots of 2+ 2i Solution: ENTER: Pol(2,2) = Result: r= 2.828 and @= 45 This is automatically stored to X and Y respectively: MODE 2 (Using De Moivre's Theorem ) ENTER: 1727 +MG00) CALC M70 Result: 1.366 + 0.366) CALC M?4 Result: -1+ i “AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Ena’r Ramen Tales.CALC M?2 Result: -0.366 -1.366i Example 20.2 Find all the 7 roots of (1 - 3))27 Solution: ENTER: Pol( 1. -3} Result: r = 3.1622 and 8=-71.565" (These values are automatically stored to X and Y . } MODE 2 ENTER: x? 723% +300!f) 7 CALC (The values of X and ¥ are known already. ) Vary the values of M. CALC M?0_ Result: CALC M71 Resuit CALC M?2 Result: CALCM?3 Resuit: 0.501066 + 1.559) CALC M?4 Result: -1.128- 1.18751 CALC M?5 Result: 1.53157 + 0.5805i CALC M?6 Result: -1.6317 + 0.1415i 1.40877 — 0.835491 -0. 90675 + 1.36399 0.225 - 1.622i ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING IS (VOLUME 1) 24. HOW TO SOLVE CLOCK PROBLEMS Let Y be the angle between the big and small hand of the clock X= distance in minutes traversed by the big hand, ‘The Angle between the big hand and the small hand is Y= 6| X -SM-—X/12} where Mis the time in hr. Example 24 After 2 PM , find the time wher the hands of the clock are a. at right angle for the 1** time? b. coincident? c. at 30° for the 1 time? d. at 30° for the 2% time? Solution: ENIER: Y= 6( X -5M-X/12) SHIFTCALC ¥? 90 M?2 Result: 27.2727 Time: 2:27.2727 (at right angle} ENTER: SHIFT CALC Y?0 M?2 Result: 10.909 Time: 2:10.909 (coincident) ENTER: SHIFT CALC Y?-30 M22 RESULT: 5.4545 Time: 2: 4.4545 (30 deg for the 1* time ) ENTER: SHIFT CALC Y?30 M72 Result: 16.3636 "AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIGUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) on eeTime: 2:16.3636 ( 30 deg for the 2" time )" 25. HOW TO LOCATE THE CENTROID OF A TRAPEZOID Example 25 Locate the centroid of the trapezoid with respect to the bottom. Selution: MODEL THE TRAPEZOID (REFERENCE At THE BOTTOM ) ENTER: MODE 3 2 INPUT x Y 05 5 10 Get the value of A( SHIFT 15 1) and store toA. (A= 5) Get the value of B( SHIFT 1 5 2) and store to B. (B= 5/7) MODE 1 fu + BX)Xde ENTER: {——— 4+ BxXde RESULT: 3.889 m from the base. AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS iN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) 26. HOW TO GET THE CENTROIDAL MOMENT OF INERTIA OF A TRAPEZOID. Example 26 Find the centroidal moment of inertia of trapezoid ( example 22 ) about a horizontal! axis. Solution: Use the same model as in example 22 The centroidal moment of inertia is ENTER: J(4+Bx)(X -3.889)'ar 3 Result: 206.435 m* pe AMAZING CALCULATOR TECANIGUES AND SHORT CUTSIN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING27. HOWTO SUBDIVIDE A TRAPEZOID WITH A LINE PARALLEL TO THE BASE Example 27 Find the length of the dividing line parallel to the lower ase that will divide the given trapezoid with two equal areas. tim Solution: Find x an¢ y using Tolentino’s Sine law technique. 1m ‘o 2 2m ENTER: MODE 5 1 INPUT: cos 40 cos 23 20-11 sin40 -sin23 0 Result: x= 3.947 y=6.493 MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Dane 28, ee BA Taleetineg AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS I Compute the altitude: ENTER: Rec( 3.947, 40)= Y= 2.537 or ENTER: Rec/ 6.493, 23) = Y= 2.537 ALTITUDE of the trapezoid = 2.537 m Model the Trapezoid ENTER MODE 3 2. (Reference Base ) 2537 1 Then A=20 (Store toA) and B = -3.5475 (Store to B) SHIFT1 5 1 SHIFT 15 2 The area of the trapezoid at any distance x from the base ig [(A+B0de= Ax +0.5Be é To get the Area of the trapezoid: ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO F: US (VOLUME 1)ENTER: Ax +0.5Bx? CALC x? 2.537 with A and B known. RESULT: 16.14 Result: 39.235 hal of this Area = 19.66175 To get the distance x from the base that will divide the trapezoid into 2 equal areas. Then we have to solve Ax + 0.5Bx? = 19.63175 28. HOW TO MODEL PARABOLIC CURVES Example 28 PAST CE BOARD AVERTICAL CURVE IS DESIGNED TO PASS THRE 3 POINTS ON THE PROFILE OF AN EXISTING UNIMPROVED ROAD WITH STATIONING AND CORRESPONDING ELEVATIONS AS FOLLOWS. ENTER: MODE § 3 POINTS — STATIONS ELEVATION INPUT: PI 5 +452 45 0.5B A -19.66175 = . P2 5+ 592 48 Result: x = 1.088 | P3 5 +682 43 To get the length of the dividing line: Determine the stationing and elevation of the summit. ENTER: A+ BX CALC X? 1.088 Solution: Result: 16.14 Fit the 3 poinis to the parabola y = A + Bx + Cx’, ENTER: Alternative Solution: MODE 3 3 4 +BY? INPUT: The lenath ofthe dividing line is 7 x oY where VB is the ratio of Areas above and below the line pis2 45 respectively. and X and Y are the bases. S248 For this problem: ee ABsih Ast and Be 4 Then A=-9085.19 (Store toA) SHIFT 15 1 2953 (StoretoB) SHIFT 15 2 C=-2.9722 x 10-4 (Store toC) SHIFT 1 5 3 For the Parabola Y = A + BX + CX2 The summitis at Y’=0 or Y'=B+2CX=0 X= -BU(2C) X=20 Y=11 [AXP +B ENTER: |p — CALC AQ1= X? 20= B?71= Y?11 ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT-CUTS IN- nn MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) enn, De, AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Bena An Ena’e Barman n Tela.CALC (The values of A, B and C are known. ) Result: X = 54 and Y = 48.698 29. HOW TO SOLVE ROAD FILL PROBLEMS Example 29 PAST CE BOARD The side slope of a road fillis 2H to 1. The width of the roadbea is 7 mand the helanto ui fili at the road center is 2.5 im. The ground slopes ct 83 slopes at 2% tw a. Whatis the distance of the right slope stake from the road center? b. What is the distance of the left slope from the oad center? c. What is the area of the fli? AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) 2X + 4iy Solution: Get the coordinates. A(-3.5.0) B(3.5,0) (0,-2.5) To get the Equation of AC ENTER: MODE 5 1 INPUT 35 0 1 35+1 O12 1> Result: 2X + aiTt = 4 To get the Equation of CD ENTER: MODE 5 1 INPUT 0 25 1 01 -2.5+8% 1 = Result: ANN25 K-215Y = 1 Top get the equation of BD ENTER: MODE 1 INPUT 3500 4 3541 0-% 15 Result AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORTCUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)Get the Intersection of AC and CD ENTER: MODE 5 1 INPUT 27 47 4 4125 -2I5 15 Result: X=-10.119 Y =-3.31 Distance of the left slope from the center is 10.119 m Get the intersection of BD and CD ENTER: MODE 5 1 INPUT av AT 4 41125-21515 Result: « X=7.328 Y=-1.9%4 Distance of the right slope from the center = 7.328 m To yet the Area: Use coordinate Method. gai 3S ~lotig 7328 35 “2,0 -331 -1914 0 Area= 0.5( 3.5 (3.31) + 10.119(1.914) + 7.328(3.31) + 3.5(1.914) ) = 30.95 me AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 30. HOW TO DO SYNTHETIC DIVISION Example 30 Find the quotient and remainder when 3x5 - 2x* + 3x3 + x2-x+5is divided by x+ 3. Solution: Store -3i0 A 323 4 -1 5 18 36 -107 320 -959 3 STEPS: BA2= (tj times A+3 = (36) times A+1 = (-107) timesA-1= (320) times A+1= (-955) Check using Remainder Theorem: ENTER: 3x8 — 2x4 + 3x3 + x2-x+5 CALC x?3= Result: -955 Quotient: 3x4 — 11x3 + 36x? -107x + 320 ‘AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)Example 27.2 Find the quotient and remainder when 3x* + 2¢ = 3x2 + 2x-7 is divided by x+1-2i. Solution: MODE 2: Store -1 + 2i to A 30% 3 2 -7 L142 3 1 Gi 148i 32-20 1+ 84i STEPS: 3A+2 (1+ 6i) times A-3 (-14-8i) times A+2 ( 32-201) timesA-7 (1+84i) Check: ENTER: 3x°x + 2x3 3x? + 2x-7 CALC X?-1+Zi= Result: 1 +847 Quotient: 3x3 + (1 + Gi)x? + (-14 - Bi)x + 32- 201 “AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Ena’r Ramee G Tolentino 31. HOW TO SOLVE OBLIQUE TRIANGLE PROBLEMS PAST CE BOARD Example 31.1 An observer finds the angle of elevation of a building from X on a level ground is 27°. After moving 120 m closer to the building, the angle of elevation was 42°. Find the height of the building. Solution: The equation of line AC is y= xtan 27 while the equation of line BC is y= (x-120)tan 42 ENTER: xtan 27 = (x -120)tan 42 SHIFT CALC = Result: x= 276.4246 (This is the distance from the origin of the intersection of AC and BC. ENTER: xtan 27 Result: 140.845 m (This is the height of the building. ). "AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORTCUTSIN. MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Eng'r Romeo Q. Tolentino Page 47Example 31.2 PAST CE BOARD Two stations A and B were set up to determine the height of the mountain. The angle of elevations to the top of the mountain measured from stations A and B are 23.25° and 31.85 ° respectively. Station A is 55 m-above station B. Station B is 310 m closer to the mountain. If elevation of station A is 421. 63 m. what is the elevation of the top of the mountain? Solution: cl Top of Mountain } ZO ; ’ L ae a + ke A 8 i | 7 B10, -55) Equation of Line AD is y= xtan 23.25 Equation of Line BD is y=-55 + (x-310) tan 31.85 ENTER: x tan 23.25 =-55 + (x-310) tan 31.85 SHIFT CALC Result: X = 1292.178 ENTER: X tan 23.25 = AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Result: 555.163 (This is the height of C from A ) Elevation of Top of Mountain = 421.63 + 555.163 = 976.79 ft Example 31.3 From a building across, the angle of depression of the base of the front of the edifice is 23.5° and the angle cf elevation of 'S 52.782 The height of observation is 14m. a. What is the height of the edifice? b. How far is the building from the said edifice? c. What is the angle of elevation of the top of the edifice from the foot of the building? Solution: v 8 A | AY 7 5278 ; == x 14m ae ro c Equation of AC is. y = -xtan 23.59 When y=-14 then -14=-x tan 23.59 x = 32.1977 (Store this to A) AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1)Equation of AB is y=xtan 52.78 When x=A (32.1977) y=? ENTER: Atan 52.78 Result: 42.388 ( Store this to B ) of the edifice is 14+ B= 56.388m Distance of building from the edifice is A (32.1977 m) To get the angle of elevation of the top of the edifice from the foot of the building: ENTER: Polt A, 56.388 ) Result: @= 60.270 Exemple 31.4 Given a triangie whose sides are 12m, a, Find the interior angles of the iriangle b. Find the lengths of the medians of the triangle. c. Find the lengths of the angular bisector of the triangle. Solution: 14 mand 8 AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CU" MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME 1) Dane EN Ena's Bernan f Talantine To get the interior angles: ENTER: cos 12% B Toget @ , ENTER: CALC A? 12 =B? 14=C78= Result: 34.77° (Store this to X ) Toget B , ENTER: CALC A? 12= B? B= C?14= Result: 86.4169 ( Store this to Y) To get a, ENTER: CALC A?1 B?28= C?212= Result: 58.811 (Store this to M ) O=X ( 34.779) B= (Y) 86.4179 a = M( 58.8119) CHECK: X + Y + M= 180° To get the medians. Use Tolentino’s Cos Law Technique: "AMAZING CALCULATOR TECHNIQUES AND SHORT CUTS IN, MATHEMATICS AND CIVIL ENGINEERING using CASIO FX 991 ES PLUS (VOLUME )