Threads, General Purpose: (INCH)

A AN M E R I C A NN A T I O N A SL T A N D A R D
PIPE THREADS, GENERAL

PURPOSE (INCH)
ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 - 1983

( R E V I S I O N A N D R E D E S I G N A T I O NOF ANSI 82.1-1968)
1992
REAFFIRMED2006
REAFFIRMED
FOR CURRENT COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
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PLEASE COMMITTEE
SEE ASME MANUALPERSONNEL
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ANSllASME 81.20.1-1983
25 October 1984
ACCEPTANCE NOTICE
This non-Government document was adopted on 25 October 1984 and is approved for use by the Federal Agencies. The indicatec
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Title of Document: Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
Date of Specific Issue Adopted: 4 February 1983
Releasing Industry Group: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
NOTICE: The Federal agencies use of this standard is subject to all the requirements and limitations of FED-STD-H28/7 Screw
Thread Standards forFederal Services Section 7, Pipe Threads, General Purpose.
NOTICE: When reaffirmation, amendment, revision, or cancellation of this standard is initially proposed, the industry groupre.
sponsible for this standard,shall inform the military coordinating activity or theproposed change and request participation.
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Date of Issuance: August 31, 1983
This codeorstandard was developedunderproceduresaccredited as meetingthecriteriafor

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balanced t o assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity
t o participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment
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No part ofthis document may be reproduced in any form,

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Copyright @ 1983 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETYOF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
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FOREWORD
(This Foreword is not part of American National Standard, Pipe Threads, General
Purpose (Inch) ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983.)
In 1973 American National Standards Committee 8 2 , which had formerly been rcsponsiblc for pipe thread
standards, was absorbed byANSI Standards CommitteeBI and reorganized as subcommittee20. A com-
plete rewrite of the B2.2-1968 standard on Dryseal Pipe Threads has been completed, with the product
thread data in separate documents from the gaging standards for Dryseal Pipe Threads. The system of num-
bering, to include metric conversions,is as follows:
ANSI B1.20.3-1976 Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch)

ANSI B I .20.4-1976 Dryseal Pipe Threads (Metric Translation)
ANSI B1.20.5-1978 Gaging for Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch)
In preparation, BI .20.6M Gaging for Dryseal Pipe Threads (Metric Translation)
A cotnplctc rcwritc o f the B2.l-1968 standard on Pipe Threads (Except Dryseal) was then undertaken.
is as follows:
Thc systemo f numhcring, to include metric conversions,
ANSIlASME BI 20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

In preparation, B1.20.2M Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Metric Translation)
These standards, ANSI/ASMIi81.20.1 and B1.?,02M, havc product thread dimensions and gaging in the
same document. Thrcad inspection specifies the use of L , taper thread plug and ring gages similar to
B2.l-1068. In addition. emphasisis given to the requirement that all basic thread design dimensions are
to
be met within the specificd tolerances.
givcn in ANSI 132.1 -1968.
The (lata in this Standard supcrscdc those
The ANSI/ASML: 81.70.1 was approved by ASMH Standards Committee B1 on Deccmber 1, 1982 for
publication as an official ANSI standard.
Thc proposcd standard was submitted by standards cotnmittce B1 to the Secretariat and thc American
National Standards Institute. It was approvcd and formally designated as an American National Standard
on Fcbruary 4,1983.
iii
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ASME STANDARDS COMMITTEE B1
Standardizationand Unification ofScrew Threads
(The followingi s the roster of the Committee atthe time of approval of this Standard.)
OFFICERS
J.
D. Emanuelli, Chairman H. W. Ellison, Vice Chairman
C. E. Lynch. Secretary
COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC.

G. G. Gerber, McDonnell Douglas, St. Louis, Missouri
H. Borrman, Alternate, Sperry Gyroscope Division, Great Neck, New York
AMERICAN IRON ANDSTEEL INSTITUTE

F. Dallas, Jr., Sawhill Tubular Division, Sharon. Pennsylvania
AMERICAN MEASURING TOOL MANUFACTURERSASSOCIATION

D. Dodge, Pennoyer-Dodge Company, Glendale, California
C. W. Jatho, Alternate, American Measuring Tool Manufacturers Association, Birmingham. Michigan
AMERICAN PIPE FITTINGS ASSOCIATION

W. C. Farrell, Stockham Valves and Fittings, Birmingham, Alabama
DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL SUPPLY CENTER

E. Schwartz, Defense Industrial Supply Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
F. S. Ciccarone, Alternate, Defense Industrial Supply Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
ENGINE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

G. A. Rua, Cummins Engine Company, Columbus, Indiana
FARM AND INDUSTRIALEQUIPMENT INSTITUTE

J.F.Nagy, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan
INDUSTRIAL FASTENERS INSTITUTE

R. B. Belford, Industrial Fasteners Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
R. M. Harris, Bethlehem Steel Company, Lebanon, Pennsylvania
K. E. McCullough, SPS Technologies, Inc., Jenkintown, Pennsylvania
J. C. McMurray, Russell, Burdsall and Ward Inc., Mentor, Ohio
J. A. Trilling, Holo-Krome Company, West Hartford, Connecticut
E.D. Spengler, Alternate, Bethlehem Steel Company, Lebanon, Pennsylvania
MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY OF THE VALVE AND FITTING INDUSTRY

W. C. Farrell, Stockham Valves and Fittings, Birmingham, Alabama
METAL CUTING TOOL INSTITUTE (TAP & DIE DIVISION)

N. F.Nau, Union/Butterfield, Athol, Massachusetts
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A. D. Shepherd, Jr., Alternate, Union/Butterfield, Derby Line, Vermont
iv

NATIONAL AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER AND FIRE CONTROL ASSOCIATION, INC.
W. Testa, Grinnell Fire Protection Systems Company, Inc., Providence, Rhode Island
R. P. Fleming, Alternate, National Automatic Sprinkler and Fire Control Association, Inc., Patterson, New York
NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERSASSOCIATION
J. L. Griffin, Wheatland Tube Company, Wheatland, Pennsylvania
J. B.Levy,General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York
F. F. Weingruber, Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
W. R. Williford, Alternate, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, Washington, D.C.
NATIONAL MACHINE TOOL BUILDERSASSOCIATION

R. J. Sabatos, The Cleveland Twist Drill Company, Cleveland, Ohio
D. R. Stoner, Jr., Teledyne Landis Machine, Waynesboro, Pennsylvania
NATIONAL SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS ASSOCIATION

T. S. Meyer, Fischer Special Manufacturing Company, Cold Spring, Kentucky
H. A. Eichstaedt, A/ternate, National Screw Machine Products Association, Brecksville, Ohio
SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS

H. W. Ellison, General Motors Technical Center, Warren, Michigan
SOCIETY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERS

D. Davidson, Morse/Hemco Corp., Holland, Michigan
TUBULAR RIVET AND MACHINE INSTITUTE

R. M. Byrne, Industry Service Bureaus, Inc., White Plains, New York
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

R. P. Stewart, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

J. Crowley, U.S. Army Material Development and Readiness Command, Alexandria, Virginia
F. J. Clas, Watervliet Arsenal, Watervliet, New York
F. L.Jones, Alternate, U. S. Army Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

E. Schwartz, Defense Industrial Supply Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

C. T. Gustafson, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS
C. T. Appleton, Jefferson,Massachusetts
D. N. Badgley, Clark Equipment Company, Battle Creek, Michigan
J. Boehnlein, PMC Industries, Wickliffe, Ohio
W.E. Bour, Santa Monica, California
A. R. Bred, Mechanical Fasteners and Assembly, Lakewood, Ohio
R. Browning, Southern Gage Company, Erin, Tennessee
A. Butovich, Air Industries Corp., Garden Grove, California
R. S. Chamerda, The Johnson Gage Company, Bloomfield, Connecticut
J. F. Cramer,DesMoines,Washington
J. F. Dickson, Reed Rolled Thread Die Company, Holden, Massachusetts
R. B. Donahue, Xerox Corp., Webster, New York
E. W. Drerher, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
0. J. Emanuelli, Greenfield Tap and Die, Greenfield, Massachusetts
C. G. Erickson, Colt Industries, Sterling Die Operation, West Hartford, Connecticut
S. 1. Kanter, The Hanson-WhitneyCompany. Hartford, Connecticut
R. W. Lamport, The Van Keuren Company, Watertown, Massachusetts
A. R. Machell, Jr., Xerox Corp., Rochester, New York
A.E. Masterson, Watervliet, New York
R. E. Mazzara, Geometric Tool, New Haven, Connecticut
H. G. Muenchinger, Westerly, Rhode Island
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P. V. Pastore, Regal Beloit Corp., South Beloit, Illinois
M. M. Schuster, Hi-Shear Corp., Torrance, California
A. G. Strang, Boyds, Maryland
L. R. Strang, Caterpillar Tractor Company, Peoria, Illinois
A. F. Thibodeau, Swanson Tool Manufacturing, Inc., West Hartford, Connecticut
J. Turton, The Bendix Corp., Greenfield, Massachusetts
PERSONNEL OF SUBCOMMITTEE B1.20 - PIPE THREADS

D. N. Badgley, Chairman, Clark Equipment Company, Battle Creek, Michigan
W. A. Keaton, Vice-Chairman, General Motors Technical Center, Warren, Michigan
J. S. Hinske, Secretary, Parker-Hannifin Corp., Worcester, Massachusetts
C. Banks, Naval Sea System Command, Washington, D.C.
M. Bibeau, Jamesbury Corp., Worcester, Massachusetts
R. J. Browning, Southern Gage Company, Erin, Tennessee
D. Cadieux, TRWlGreenfield Tap & Die Division, Greenfield, Massachusetts
J. A. Casner, Hydril Technology Center, Houston, Texas
W. 0. Clinedinst, Belleair, Florida
W. R. Cochran. J&L Steel Corp., Aliquippa, Pennsylvania
F. Dallas. Jr., Sawhill Tubular Division, Cyclops Corporation, Sharon, Pennsylvania
D. Davidson, MorselHemco Corp., Holland, Michigan
D. Dodge, Pennoyer-Dodge Company, Glendale, California
W. C. Farretl, Jr., Stockham Valves & Fittings, Birmingham, Alabama
L. S. Feldheim. The Weatherhead Company, Cleveland, Ohio
A. C. Flanders, Picoma Industries, Inc., Martins Ferry, Ohio
W. A. Franz, U. S. Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
H. D. Goldberg, Allied Tube 81Conduit Corp., Harvey, Illinois
W. E. Hay, The Pipe Machinery Company, Wickliffe, Ohio
S. 1. Kanter, The Hanson-Whitney Company, Hartford, Connecticut
G. K. Otten, Wheeling Machine Products Company, Wheeling, West Virginia
R. S. Piotrowdti, Mack Trucks, Inc., Alientown, Pennsylvania
G. Russ, Cummins Engine Company, Inc., Columbus, Indiana
A. D. Shepherd, Jr., Litton UnionlButterfield, Derby Line, Vermont
A. G. Strang, Boyds, Maryland
J. Turton, The Bendix Corp., Inc., Greenfield, Massachusettts
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vi

CONTENTS
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Standards Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
1 Introduction ................................................. 1
1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Thread Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Sealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.4 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.5 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.6 Related Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 AmericanNationalStandard Pipe ThreadForm .......................... 4
2.1 Thread Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.7- Angle of Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Truncation and Thread Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Specification for GeneralPurpose Taper Pipe Threads, NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1 Taper Pipe Threads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.2 Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4 Specifications for Internal Straight Threads in Pipe Couplings, NPSC . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 Straight Pipe Threads in Pipe Couplings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5 Specifications for Railing Joint TaperPipe Threads, NPTR .................. 9
5.1 Railing Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6 Specifications for Straight Pipe Threads for Mechanical Joints;
NPSM,NPSL, NPSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.1 Straight Pipe Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.2 Free-Fitting Mechanical Joints for Fixtures, NPSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.3 Loose-Fitting Mechanical JointsWith Locknuts. NPSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1;
6.4 Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints for Hose Coupling, NPSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7 Gages and Gage Tolerances for American National Standard PipeThreads . . . . . . . . 16
7.1 Design o f Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7.2 Classes of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7.3 Gage Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7.4 Relation of Lead and Angle Deviations t o Pitch Diameter
Tolerances of Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
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8 Gaging of TaperPipeThreads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.1 Gaging External Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.2 Gaging Internal Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.3 Gaging Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.4 Gaging Chamfered, Countersunk,or Recessed Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9 Gaging of Straight PipeThreads .................................... 22
9:1 Types ofGages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9.2 Gage Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figures
I Basic Form of American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 American National Standard TaperPipe Threads for Pressure-Tight Joints. NPT . . . . 4
3 American National Standard TaperPipe Thread Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 NPT Standard Taper Pipe Thread Plug and Ring Cages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5 Suggested Form of Gage Thread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6 Gaging External Taper Threads With Ring Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7 Gaging Internal Taper Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8 Gaging of Chamfered Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Tables
1 Limits on Crest and Root Truncationof American National Standard External
and Internal Taper Pipe Threads. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Basic Dimensions of American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread. NPT . . . . . . . . 6
Tolerances on Taper. Lead. and Angle of Pipe Threads. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Dimensions. Internal Straight Threads in Pipe Coupling. NPSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Dimensions of External and InternalTaper Pipe Threads for Railing Joints. NPTR . . . 10
Dimensions of External and InternalStraight Pipe Threads for Fixtures. NPSM . . . . . 11
Dimensions. External and InternalStraight Pipe Thread for
Locknut Connections. NPSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8 Basic Dimensions of Threaded Plug and Ring Gages for National American National
Standard TaperPipe Threads. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
9 Tolerances for American National Standard Working Taper Pipe Thread Plug and
RingGages. NPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
10 Diameter Equivalent of Deviation in Half Included Angle of Thread for
Tools and Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1 1 Diameter Equivalent of Deviation in Lead for Tools and Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Appendix ...................................................... 23
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Viii

ANSllASME 81.20.1-1983
AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH)
1 INTRODUCTION 1.2.3 Coated Threads.

or Plated The threaded
product specifications covered in this Standard do
1.1 Scope
not include an allowance for coatings or plating.
This American National Standard covers dimen-
sions and gaging of pipe threads forgeneral purpose
1.3 Sealing
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applications.
1.3.1 Where pressure-tight joints are required, it is
intended that taper pipe threads conforming to this
1.2 Thread Designations Standard be made up wrench-tight with a sealant.
To prevent galling on certain piping materials such as
1.2.1 The types of pipe threads included in this stainless steels, the sealant usually contains a lubricant.
Standard are designated by specifying in sequence
the nominal pipe size,' number of threads per inch 1.3.2 Pipe threads designed for pressure-tight
and the threadseries symbol asfollows: joints that may be used without sealing compounds
(Dryseal Threads) are covered in ANSI B1.20.3 (Inch)
3/8 - 18 NPT and ANSI B1.20.4 (Metric Translation).
1/8 - 27 NPSC
1/2 - 14 NPTR
1/8 - 27 NPSM 1.4 Inspection
1/8 - 27 NPSL
A gaging method and tolerances areprescribed in
1 -11.5NPSH
this Standard to effect a functional inspection of the
For left hand threads add LH to the designation, handtight L1 engagement threads. However, con-
otherwise right hand threads will be understood. For formance to this Standard requires that all basic
example: design dimensions be met (within applicable toler-
ances) including extension of the thread elementsto
3/8 - 18 NF'T- LH
provide for wrench-tight makeup. Therefore, addi-
tional methods of gaging may be emplojled to
1.2.2 Each of these letters in the symbols hasa
evaluate conformance to the basic design dimensions.
definite significance as follows:
When additional methods of gaging are employed,
N = National (American) Standard they shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the
P = Pipe purchaser.
T = Taper
C = Coupling 1.5 Appendix
S = Straight
M = Mechanical Useful and supplementary information which is
L = Locknut not a part of this Standardis presented in the Appen-
H = Hose Coupling dix. Specifically, the Appendix gives Suggested Twist
R = Railing Fittings Drill Diameters for Drilled Hole Sizes for Pipe
Threads.
1.6 Related Standard

'Where it is necessary to use decimal notation for the size
designation (as when inserting such in a computer or elec-
Definitions of terms and symbols for thread di-
tronic accounting machine) the decimal equivalent of nom- mensions are given in ANSI B1.7,
inal pipe size may be substituted for fractional pipe sizes. Definitions and Letter Symbols
for Screw Threads.
1
ANAMERICANNATIONALSTANDARD
PIPE THREADS,GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSllASME 81.20.1-1983
f r - I -I
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%-
External Thread Internal Thread
NOTATION
H = 0.866029 = height of 60 deg. sharp V thread 0 = 1 deg. 47 min. = thread taper angle for 1/16 taper
h = 0.80000@ = height of thread on product f, = depth of truncation at crest
p = l/n = pitch (measured parallel t o axis) fr = depth of truncation at root
n = numberofthreadsperinch F, = width of flat at crest
01 = 30 deg. = threadflank angle Fr = width of flat at root
GENERAL NOTE: For a symmetrical straight screw thread, H = c o t d 2 n . F o ra symmetrical taper screw thread, H = (cot
a - tan’ p tan a)/2n, so that the exact value for an American National Standard taper pipe thread is H = 0.865743p as
against H = 0.866028. the value given above. For an 8-pitch thread, which is the coarsest standard taper pipe thread pitch,
the correspondingvalues of H are 0.108218 and 0.108253 respectively, the difference being 0.000035 inch. This difference
being t o o small t o be significant, the value o f H = 0 . 8 6 6 0 2 5 ~continues in use for threads o f 0.750 in., or less, taper/& on
the diameter.
FIG. 1 BASIC FORM OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD
2
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Internal Thread
External Thread
TABLE 1 LIMITS ON CREST AND ROOT TRUNCATION OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL TAPERPIPE THREADS, NPT'
Height 01
T Height of Thread
(hl I Minimum
Truncation ( 9
Maximum I Minimum
Equivalent Widthof Flat
I Maximum
!
Maximum Minimum -ormula Formula in.in. -Tolerance Formula
' Formula in.
-~
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0.03208 0.02953 0.02496 0.033~ 0.0012 0.096~ 0.0036 0.0024 0.038~ 0.0014 0.11 lp
0.04444 0.03833 0.033~ 0.0018 0.088~ 0.0049 0.0031 0.038~ 0.0021 0.102~
0.05714 0.05071 0.033~ 0.0024 0.078~ 0.0032 0.0056
0.038~ 0.0027 0.090~
0.06957 0.0626 1 0.033~ 0.0029 0.073~ 0.0063 0.0034 0.038~ 0.0033 0.084~
0.10825 0.1 0000 0.09275 0.033~ 0.0041 0.062~ 0.0078 0.0037 0.038~ 0.0048 0.072~
NOTE:
(1) The
basicdimensions of the AmericanNational Standard TaperPipeThread
are
given in inches to four and five decimal
placesW
implies a greater degree of precision thanis ordinarily attained, these dimensions are so expressed for the purpose of eliminating e
putations.

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSllASME 81.20.1-1983
Internal Thread
External Thread
GENERAL NOTE:
When threaded joints are made up wrench-tight with lubricant or sealer, i t is intended that the f!anks shall be in contact.
FIG. 2. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREADS FOR PRESSURE-TIGHT JOINTS, NPT
2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
h = 0.800~= 0.800/n
PIPE THREAD FORM
The crest and root ofpipe threads are truncated a
2.1 Thread Form
minimum of 0 . 0 3 3 ~The
. maximum depth of trunca-
The form of thread profile specified in this Stan- tion for the crest and root of these pipe threads will
dard shall be known asthe American National Stan- be found in Table 1. The crests and roots of the ex-
dard Pipe Thread Form. The relations as specified ternal and internal threads may be truncated either
herein, for form of thread and general notation are parallel to thepitch line or parallel to theaxis.
shown in Fig. 1. The sketch in Table 2 , giving a sectional view of
this Standard thread form, represents the truncated
thread form by a straightline. However, when closely
2.2 Angle of Thread
examined, the crests and roots of commercially
The angle between the sides of the thread is 60 manufactured pipe threads appear slightly rounded.
deg when measured in an axial plane. The line bisect- When crests and roots of threading tools or chasers lie
ing this angle isperpendicular to theaxis. within the limits shown in Table 1, the pipe threads
of products produced by such means are acceptable
on thebasis of in-process control.
2.3 Truncation and Thread Height
The height of thesharp V thread, H , is
3 SPECIFICATION FOR GENERAL PURPOSE
H = 0.866025~= 0.8660251n TAPER PIPE THREADS, NPT
3.1 Taper Pipe Threads
where
Threads made in accordance with these specifica-
p = pitch of thread
tions consist of an external taper and an internal
n = threads per inch
taper thread, to form the normal type of jointhaving
The basic maximum depth of the truncated general application on pipe and fittings. See Fig. 2.
thread, h (see Fig. l), is based on factors enter- NPT taper pipe threads are intended to be made
ing into the manufacture of cutting tools and the up wrench-tight and with a sealant whenever a pres-
making of tight joints. sure-tight joint is required.
4

PIPE THREADS, GENERALPURPOSE (INCH) ANSVASME 01.20.1-1983
Normal wrench
make-up L2 -L
E; i, E, d D
FIG. 3 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

TAPER PIPE THREAD NOTATION
Sealing is affected by out-of-roundness which is 3.1.3 Form of Thread. The form of the thread for
possible between thewrench-tight mated parts in final American National Standard Taper Pipe Threads is
assembly. This will vary depending on the method for that specified in 2.1.
producing the threadin conjunction with the
elasticity 3.1.4 Taper of Thread. The taper of the threadis
and/or ductility of the mating Parts and the
resultant 1 in 16 or 0.75 in./ft measured on the diameter and
conformance at final assembly. along the axis.
3.1.1 Thread Designation and Notation. American 3.1.5 Diameter of Thread. The basic pitch diame-
National Standard Taper Pipe Threads are designated ters of the taper thread are determined byfollow-
the
in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows: ing formulas' based on the outside diameter of the
pipe and the pitch of the thread:
3/8 - 18 NF'T
E , = D - (0.05Dt 1.1) l / n
Standard notationapplicable to American National
= D -(0.05Dt1 . 1 ) ~
Standard TaperPipe Threads is shown in Fig. 3.
E, = E, t 0.0625L1
3.1.2 Designation of PlatedThreads. The product
specifications of this Standard do not include an where
allowance for plating. If plating is desired, it may be D = outside diameter of pipe
necessary to modify the threadssince the same final E , = pitch diameter of thread at end of pipe or
gaging requirements must be satisfied for plated and small end of external thread
unplated parts. This may be emphasized by adding E , = pitch diameter of thread at the gaging notch
the words AFTERPLATING to thedesignation. For or large end of internal thread
manufacturing purposes, notes for plated taper pipe L , = normal engagement by hand between exter-
threads may specify the gage limits (turnsor threads nal and internal threads
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
engagement) before plating followed by the words

BEFORE PLATING. The& should be -followed by
the standard gage limits (turns or threadsengage- 'FOX the '/*-27 a d g - 1 8 sizes, E , approx. = D - ( 0 . 0 5 ~
ment) afterplating and the words AFTER PLATING. +0.827)p.

*
4
due t o chamfer
Taper of thread
1 in 16 measured
on diameter
Pitch line 7-
E3
I
rt rt
TABLE 2 BASIC DIMENSIONS OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD, NPT’
pitch Diam. Handtight Engagement Effective Thread. External

~-
Nominal
Pipe
O.D. of
Pipe Threadslin.
Pitch of
Thread
It Beginning
of External
Length’ ( L I 1
i Diam.
Length4 ( L 2 ) l- Diam.
Size (Dl (n1 (PI rhread ( € 0 ) inch Threads (E1 I inch Threads (€2 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
716 0.31 25 27 0.03704 0.27 11 8 0.1 60 4.32 0.28!!8 0.261 1 7.05 0.28750
78 0.405 27 0.03704 0.36351 0.1 615 4.36 0.37360 0.2639 7.1 2 0.38000
0.401 8 7.23 0.50250
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
74 0.540 18 0.05556 0.47739 0.2278 4.1 0 0.49163

78 0.675 18 0.05556 0.61 201 0.240 4.32 0.62701 0.4078 7.34 0.63750
% 0.840 14 0.07 143 0.75843 0.320 4.48 0.77843 0.5337 7.47 0.791 79
74 1 .os0 14 0.07 143 0.96768 0.339 4.75 0.98887 0.5457 7.64 1.001 79
1 1.315 11.5 0.08696 1.21363 0.400 4.60 1.23863 0.6828 7.85 1.25630
1 74 1.660 11.5 0.08686 1.55713 0.420 4.53 1.58338 0.7068 8.1 3 1.601 30
1 72 1 .goo 11.5 0.08696 1.79609 0.420 4.83 1.82234 0.7235 8.32 1.841 30
2 2.375 11.5 0.08696 2.26902 0.436 5.01 2.29627 0.7565 8.70 2.31630
2% 2.875 8 0.1 2500 2.71953 0.682 5.46 2.7621 6 1.1 375 9.10 2.79062
3 3.500 8 0.12500 3.34062 0.766 6.1 3 3.38850 1.2000 9.60 3.41562
3% 4.000 8 0.1 2500 3.83750 0.821 6.57 3.88881 1.2500 10.00 3.91562
4 4.500 8 0.12500 4.33438 0.844 6.75 4.387 12 1.3000 10.40 4.41562
5 5.563 8 0.12500 5.39073 0.937 7.50 5.44929 1.4063 11.25 5.47862
6 6.625 8 0.12500 6.44609 0.958 7.66 6.50597 1.5125 12.1 0 6.54062
8 8.625 8 0.1 2500 8.43359 1.063 8.50 8.50003 1.7125 13.70 8.54062
10 10.750 8 0.1 2500 10.54531 1.210 9.68 10.62094 1.9250 15.40 10.66562
12 12.750 8 0.12500 12.53281 1.360 10.88 12.61781 2.1 250 17.00 12.66562
14 O.D. 14.000 8 0.1 2500 13.77500 1.562 12.50 13.87262 2.2500 18.00 13.91562
16 O.D. 16.000 8 0.1 2500 15.76250 1.812 14.50 15.87575 2.4500 19.60 15.91562
18 O.D. 18.000 8 0.1250L 17.75000 2.000 16.00 17.87500 2.6500 21.20 17.91562
20 O.D. 20.000 8 0.1 2500 19.73750 2.1 25 17.00 19.87031 2.8500 22.80 19.91562
24 O.D. 24.000 8 0.1 2500 23.71250 2.375 19.00 23.86094 3.2500 26.00 23.91562
NOTES:
(1) The basic dimensions of the American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread are given in inches to four or five decimal places. While this
implies a greater degree of .precision than is ordinarily attained, these dimensions are the basis o f gage dimensions and are so expressed for the
purpose of eliminating errors in computations.
(2) Also length of thin ring gage and length from gaging notch tosmall end of plug gage.
(3) Also pitch diameter atgaging notch (handtight plane).
(4) Also length of plug gage.

(Vanish threads
due t o chamfer
on die)
Taper of thread
1 in 16 measured
/- - A/- on dlameter
Pltch line
I I I
TABLE 2 BASIC DIMENSIONS OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD, NPT’ (CONT’D)
Pipe
-
Size
Length, L 1 Plane
7
to L2 Plane
Nominal External Thread I-
in.
(L* - L t 1
T
Wrench Makeup Length for
Internal Thread’
I Length (L3) Diam.

(€3 I
T
1
Vanish Thread
in.
(v)
Thread
T:
3vera11*
Length
External
Thread
(L4)
Nominal Complete
External Thr.sdss
Length
(Ls)
Dim.
(Es
T Height
of
Thread
Ih1
Increase
in Diam.1
Thread
10.0625ln)
~-
&51c6
Minor Diam.
at Small
End of
Pipe ( K O )
1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
- 1
/la 0.1 01 1 2.13 0.1 111 3 0.26424 0.1 285 3.47 0.3896 0.1 870 0.28287 0.02963 0.00231 0.2416
‘/a 0.1 024 2.76 0.1111 3 0.35656 0.1 285 3.47 0.3924 0.1 898 0.37537 0.02963 0.00231 0.3339
‘/4 0.1 740 3.1 3 0.1667 3 0.46697 0.1 928 3.47 0.5946 0.2907 0.49556 0.04444 0.00347 0.4329
78 0.1 678 3.02 0.1667 3 0.601 60 0.1 928 3.47 0.6006 0.2967 0.63056 0.04444 0.00347 0.5676
‘/2 0.21 37 2.99 0.2143 3 0.74504 0.2478 3.47 0.781 5 0.3909 0.78286 0.05714 0.00446 0.701 3
74 0.2067 2.89 0.2143 3 0.95429 0.2478 3.47 0.7935 0.4029 0.99286 0.057 14 0.00446 0.91 05
1 0.2828 3.25 0.2609 3 1.19733 0.301 7 3.47 0.9845 osoag 1.23543 0.06957 0.00543 1.1 441
1 74 0.2868 3.30 0.2609 3 1.54083 0.301 7 3.47 1.0085 0.5329 1 .59043 0.06957 0.00543 1.4876
1 72 0.3035 3.49 0.2609 3 1.77978 0.301 7 3.47 1.0252 0.5496 1 .a3043 0.06957 0.00543 1.7265
2 0.3205 3.69 0.2609 3 2.25272 0.301 7 3.47 1 .os82 0.5826 2.30543 0.06957 0.005 43 2.1995
2 ‘/2 0.4555 3.64 0.2500 2 2.70391 0.4337 3.47 1.571 2 0.8875 2.77500 0.1 00000 0.00781 2.61 95
3 0.4340 3.47 0.2500 2 3.32500 0.4337 3.47 1.6337 0.9500 3.40000 0.1 00000 0.00781 3.2406
3 72 0.4290 3.43 0.2500 2 3.821 88 0.4337 3.47 1.6837 1 .oooo 3.90000 0.1 ooooa 0.00781 3.7375
4 0.4560 3.65 0.2500 2 4.31875 0.4337 3.47 1.7337 1,0500 4.40000 0.1 ooooa 0.00781 4.2344
5 0.4693 3.75 0.2500 2 5.3751 1 0.4337 3.47 1.8400 1.1 563 5.46300 0.1 00000 0.00781 5.2907
6 0.5545 4.44 0.2500 2 6.43047 0.4337 3.47 1.9462 1.2625 6.52500 o.1ooooa 0.00781 6.3461
8 0.6495 5.20 0.2500 2 8.41 797 0.4337 3.47 2.1 462 1.4625 8.52500 0.1 ooooa 0.007 a 1 8.3336
10 0.71 50 5.72 0.2500 2 10,52969 0.4337 3.47 2.3587 1.6750 10.65000 0.1 ooooa 0.00781 10.4453
12 0.7650 6.1 2 0.2500 2 12.51719 0.4337 3.47 2.5587 1 .a750 12.65000 0.1 00000 0.0078 1 12.4328
14 O.D. 0.6880 5.50 13.75938 0.4337 3.47 2.6837 2.0000 13.90000 0.1 ooooa 0.0078 1 13.6750
16 O.D. 0.6380 5.1 0 15.74688 0.4337 3.47 2.8837 2.2000 I5.90000 0.1 ooooa 0.00781 15.6625
1 a O.D. 0.6500 5.20 0.2500 17.73438 0.4337 3.47 3.0837 2.4000 17.90000 0.1 ooooc 0.00781 17.6500
20 O.D. 0.7250 5.80 0.2500 19.721 88 0.4337 3.47 3.2837 2.6000 19.90000 0.10000c 0.00781 19.6375
24 O.D. 0.8750 7.00 0.2500 23.69688 0.4337 3.47 3.6837 3.0000 23.90000 0.1 ooooc 0.00781 23.61 25
( 5 ) The length L s from the end of the pipe determines the plane beyond which the thread form is incomplete at the crest. The next two threads
are complete at the root. At this plane the cone formed by thecrests of the thread intersects the cylinder forming the external
surface o f t h e
-
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
pipe. Ls = L2 2p.
( 6 ) Given as information for use in selecting tap drills. (See Appendix).
(7) Military Specification MIL-P-7105 gives the wrench makeup as three threads for sizes 3 and smaller. The E3 dimensions are as follows:
Nominal pipesize 2% = 2.69609 and size 3 = 3.31719; sizes 2 and smaller same as above, col. 16.
( 8 ) Reference dimension.
7

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSI/ASME 01.20.1-1983
TABLE 3 TOLERANCES ON TAPER, LEAD, AND

ANGLE OF PIPE THREADS, NPT
~~
Tolerances
Taper on Pitch Line in Length 60 deg. Angle Lead

Nominal (3/4 in./ft) o f Effective o f Threads,
Pipe Threaddin. Threads degrees
Size (n) Maximum Minimum (*I (+)
1 2 3 4 5 6
716, '/8 27 - 1/16 0.003 2%

74, 78 18 - 1/16 0.003 2
%, 74 14 - 716 0.003l 2
1, ly4, l % , 2 11.5 - '/la 0.003' 1%
272 and larger 8 - 1/16 0.003l 1%
GENERAL NOTE:
For tolerances on depth of threadsee Table 1, and for tolerances on functional size, see 3.2.1.
NOTE:
(1) The tolerance o n lead shall be k0.003 in./in. on any size threaded t o an effective thread length
greater than 1 in.
b
TABLE 4 DIMENSIONS, INTERNAL STRAIGHT THREADS IN PIPE COUPLING, NPSC

(Pressure-tight JointsWith Lubricant or Sealant)
Nominal
Pipe
Size
1
O.D.
of Pipe
(Dl
2
Threaddin.
(n)
3
T Minor Diameter,
Minimum
4
Minimum
5
Pitch Diameter'
I Maximum
0.405 27 0.340 0.3701 0.3771

0.540 18 0.442 0.4864 0.4968
0.675 18 0.577 0.621 8 0.6322
0.840 14 0.7 15 0.71 17 0.7851
1.os0 14 0.925 0.9822 0.9956
1.315 11.5 1.1 61 1.2305 1.2468
1.660 11.5 1SO6 1.5752 1.5915
1.900 11.5 1.745 1.8142 1.8305
2.375 11.5 2.2 19 2.2881 2.3044
2.875 8 2.650 2.7504 2.7739
3.500 8 3.277 3.3768 3.4002
4.000 8 3.1 77 3.8771 3.9005
4.500 8 4.275 4.3754 4.3988
NOTE:
(1) Attention is called to the fact that the actual pitch diameter of the straight tapped hole will be
slightly smaller than the value given whengaged with a taper plug gage as specified in 9.1.2.
8
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

3.1.6 Length of Thread. The basic length of the in conjunction with tooling control of thread ele-
effective external taper thread L 2 , is determined by ments, e.g., taps and dies, to provide satisfactory
the following formula based on the outside diameter control of functional size. Therefore, no tolerances
of the pipe and the pitchof the thread: on thread elements have been established for this
class.
L , = (0.800 t 6.8) l / n For service conditions, where more exact checks
= (0.80D+ 6.8) p are required, procedures have been developed by
industry to supplement the standard plug and ring
where gage method ofgaging.
D = outside diameter of pipe
4 SPECIFICATIONS FOR INTERNAL STRAIGHT
This formula determines directly the length of THREADS I N PIPE COUPLINGS, NPSC
effective thread which includes two usable threads
4.1 Straight Pipe Threads in Pipe Couplings
slightly incomplete at thecrest.
Threads in pipe couplings made in accordance
3.1.7 Engagement Between External and Internal
with these specifications are straight (parallel) threads
Taper Threads. The normal length of engagement
of the same thread form as the American National
between external and internal taper threads when
Standard Taper Pipe Thread specified in2.1. They are
screwed together handtight is shown in col. 6 , Table
used to form pressure-tight joints when assembled
2. This length is controlled by the constructionand
with an American National Standard external taper
use of the gages. It is recognized that in special
pipe thread and made upwrench-tight with lubricant
applications, such as flanges for high pressure work,
or sealant.
longer thread engagement is used, in which case the
pitch diameter (dimension E1 , Table 2) is maintained 4.1.1 Thread Designation. The American National
and the pitch diameterEO at the end of the pipe is Standard Coupling Straight Pipe Threads are desig-
proportionately smaller. nated in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows:
3.1.8 Basic Dimensions. The basic dimensions of 1 /8 27 NPSC
-
taper pipe threads, derived from the above specifica-
4.1.2 Dimensions and Limits of Size. The dimen-
tions, aregiven in Table 2. All dimensions are given in
inches unless otherwise specified. sions and pitch diameterlimits of size are specified in
Table 4. The pitch diameter limits of size correspond
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
to one and one-half turns large or small of the stan-
3.2 Tolerances dard taper pipe thread. The major and minor di-
3.2.1 Manufacturing Tolerance on Product. The ameters vary with the pitch diameter, as the Ameri-
maximum allowable deviation in the commercial can National Standard Pipe Thread form is main-
tained within the truncation tolerances shown in
product is one turn large or small from gages made to
Table 1.
the basic dimensions. See 8.2 and 8.3.
3.2.2 Tolerances on Thread Elements. The permis-
sible deviations in thread elements aregiven in Table 5 SPECIFICATIONS FOR RAILING JOINT
3. This table is a guide for establishing limits of the TAPER PIPE THREADS, NPTR
thread elements of taps, dies, and thread chasers.
5.1 Railing Joints
Conformance to these limits may be required on
product threads, in which case specifications shall Railing joints that require a rigid mechanical thread
require control andchecking of thread elements. joint may be made with external and internal taper
On pipe fittings and valves (not steel or high grade threads.
alloys used in critical services) for steam pressures The external thread is basically the Same as the
300 lb and below, it is intended that plug and ring American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread,
gage practices as established inthis Standard be used except that it is shortened to permit the use of the

Taper of
thread 1 in 16
measured on
dlameter
+ / I
&
D l
30 deg. ANSI sta
Dotted lines show amount ANSI standard

taper pipe thread is shortened at the end.
TABLE 5 DIMENSIONS OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL TAPER PIPE THREADS FOR RAILING JOINTS
(Mechanical Joints)
Pitch
Total Length Incomplete D e p t h of Dia. o f
Diameter
L e nogft h of External Threads due Recess Recess
O.D. Height at End
Shortening of Effective Thread, to Chamfer of in in
Nom of Threads/ of of
Thread Thread max. Die, max. Fitting F i t t i n gFittin
Pipe Pipe in. Thread External , - (V ) (91 (0)
(n) -
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Size (Dl (h ) Thread -r -
(fb) in. Thread! in. rhread' Hinimum Minimum
___ -
-
2 3 4 5
-
6
-
11 12 13
- 14 15
3.840 14 0.0571 0.77 18 0.214 0.320 6.98 0.1 79 2 72 0.1 8 0.86

1 .os0 14 0.05 7 1 0.98 1 1 0.2 14 7.15 0.1 79 2 7' 0.1 8 1.07
1.315 11.5 0.0696 1.2299 0.261 7.35 0.2 17 2 '/z 0.22 1.34
1.660 11.5 0.0696 1.5734 0.261 8.1 3 0.261 3 0.26 1.68
1 .goo 11.5 0.0696 1.8124 0.261 5.32 0.724 8.33 0.261 3 0.26 1.92
2.375 11.5 0.0696 2.2853 0.261 8.70 0.261 3 0.26 2.40
!.a75 8 0.1000 2.7508 0.500 5.10 1.013 8.10 0.375 3 0.38 2.90
3.500 8 0.1 000 3.3719 0.500 5.60 1.075 8.60 0.375 3 0.38 3.53
1.000 8 0.1 000 3.8688 0.500 6.00 1.125 9.00 0.375 3 0.38 4.04
t.500 8 0.1000 4.3656 0.500 9.40 0.375 3 0.38 4.54
___ -- -
NOTES:
(1) These dimensions agree w i t h those developed by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry. Thread leng
decimal places for convenience.
(2) American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread Plug Gage. See Section 7.

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH)
- - H = 0.866025p
h, = 0 . 5 4 1 2 6 ~
ANSI/ASME 61.20.1-1983
Thread Internal Axis Thread External
TABLE 6 DIMENSIONS OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL STRAIGHT PIPE THREADS FOR FIXTURES. NPSM
(Free Fitting Mechanical Joints)
I
O.D. Tt External Thread, Class 2 A I
-
Internal Thread, Class 28
Nom.
Pipe
of
Pipe
Threads/
in.
Allow-
ance I Major Diameter Pitch Diameter Minor Diameter
I -
T Pitch D meter
Size (D) Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Minimum Minimum' Maximum
~. ~.
3
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
'/8 0.405 27 0.001 1 0.397 , 0.358 0.36890.364

0.3725 0.3736
0.390 0.3783
y4 0.540 18 0.001 3 0.526 0.5 17 0.4903 0.4859 0,468 0.48 1 0.491 6 0.4974
78 0.675 18 0.001 4 0.662 0.653 0.6256 0.621 1 0.603 0.61 2 0.6270 0.6329
'/Z 0.840 14 0.001 5 0.823 0.81 3 0.747
0.7718 0.7769 0.759 0.7784 0.7851
74 1.050 14 0.001 6 1.034 0.958 0.98200.970
0.9873 0.9889
1.024 0.9958
1 1.315 11.5 0.001 7 1.293 1.281 1.2369 1.231 1 1.201 1.21 1 1.2386 1.2462
174 1.660 11.5 0.001 8 1.638 1.626 1.5816 1.5756 1.546 1.555 1 .5834 1.5912
1% 1.900 11.5 0.001 8 1.877 1.865 1,8205 1.8144 1.785 1.794 1.8223 1 .8302
2 2.375 11.5 0.001 9 2.351 2.259 2.28822.268
2.2944 2.339
2.2963 2.3044
272 2.875 8 0.0022 2.84 1 2.826 2.7600 2.7526 2.708 2.727 2.7622 2.7720
3 3.500 8 0.0023 3.467 3.452 3.3862 3.3786 3.334 3.353 3.3885 3.3984
3% 4.000 8 0.0023 3.968 3.953 3.8865 3.8788 3.835 3.848 3.8888 3.8988
4 4.500 8 0.0023 4.466 4.45 1 4.3848 4.3771 4.333 4.346 4.3871 4.3971
5 5.563 8 0.0024 5.528 5.5 13 5.4469 5.4390 5.395 5.408 5.4493 5.4598
6 6.625 8 0.0024 6.585 6.570 6.5036 6.452 6.49556.464 6.5060 6.5 165
S E N E R A L NOTES:
(a) NPSM threads are of Unified screw thread form t o Classes 2A/26 tolerances, having t h e minimum pitch diameter of the internal thread
basic and equal to €1 of NPT threads.
(b) The minor diameters o f external threads and major diameters of internal threads are those as produced b y commercial straight pipe dies
and commercial ground straight pipetaps.
The major diameter of the external thread has been calculated o n t h e basis of a truncation of 0.10825p. and the minor diameter of the
internal thread has been calculated on the basis of a truncation of 0.21651~.t o provide no interference atcrest and root when productis
gaged with gages made in accordance w i t h 9.2.
NOTE:
(1) Column 11 is the same as the pitch diameter at the large end of internal thread, E 1 , Basic.(See Table 2, col. 8.)
11
PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSIIASME 81.20.1-1983
Standard fitting
with taper thread
:nut
TABLE 7 DIMENSIONS, EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL STRAIGHTPIPE THREAD FOR

LOCKNUT CONNECTIONS, NPSL (Loose Fitting Mechanical Joints)
t
O.D.
External Threads T Internal Threads
Nominal
Pipe
of
Pipe Threadd Major
P i t h Diameter
Minimum'
Minor
T Pitch Diameter
Size (Dl inch Diameter Maximum Minimum Diameter Minimum Maximum
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
78 0.405 27 0.409 0.3840 0.3805 0.362 0.3863 0.3898

74 0.540 18 0.541 0.5038 0.4986 0.470 0.5073 0.5 125
78 0.675 18 0.678 0.6409 0.6357 0.607 0.6444 0.6496
72 0.840 14 0.844 0.7963 0.7896 0.753 0.8008 0.8075
74 1.os0 14 1.OS4 1.0067 1 .oooo 0.964 1.0112 1.0179
1 1.315 11.5 1.318 1.2604 1.2523 1.208 1.2658 1.2739
174 1.660 11.5 1.663 1.605 1 1.5970 1.553 1.6106 1.61 87
172 1.goo 11.5 1.902 1.8441 1.8360 1.792 1 .8495 1.8576
2 2.375 11.5 2.376 2.3180 2.3099 2.265 2.3234 2.3315
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
2% 2.875 8 2.877 2.7934 2.7817 2.718 2.801 2 2.8129

3 3.500 8 3.503 3.4198 3.4081 3.344 3.4276 3.4393
3 ?2 4.000 8 4.003 3.9201 I
3.9084 3.845 3.9279 3.9396
4 4.500 8 4.502 4.41 84 4.4067 4.343 4.4262 4.4379
5 5.563 8 5.564 5.4805 5.4688 5.405 5.4884 5.5001
6 6.625 8 6.620 6.5372 6.5255 6.462 6.5450 6.5567
8 8.625 8 8.615 8.5313 8.5 196 8.456 8.5391 8.5508
10 10.750 8 10.735 10.6522 10.6405 10.577 10.6600 10.6717
12 12.750 8 12.732 12.6491 12.6374 12.574 12.6569 12.6686
NOTE:
( 1 ) NPSL threads are standard pipe thread form where the pitch diameters of the external threads are fixed at 2.5 and 4
turns larger than basic €1, and where the pitchdiameters of the internalthreads are fixed at 5 and 6.5 turns larger than
basic E 1, thus providing an allowance equivalent t o one turn of the standard taper pipethread.
As the American National Standard Straight Pipe Thread form o f thread is produced by asingle tool, the major and
the minor diameters of the internal thread and the minor diameter o f t h e external thread are presumed t o vary w i t h
the pitch diameter. The major diameterof theexternal thread is usually determined by the diameter of the pipe. These
theoretical diameters result from adding the depth of the truncated thread (0.666025 X p ) to the maximum pitch
diameters in col. 5, and it should be understood that commercial pipe will not always have these maximum major
diameters.
The locknut thread is established on the basis of retaining the greatest possible amount o f metal thickness between
the bottom of the thread and the inside of the pipe.
In order that a locknut may fit loosely on the externally threaded part, an allowance equal t o t h eincrease in pitch
diameterper turn is provided, w i t h a tolerance o f 1.5 turns for both external and internal threads.
Copyright ASME International 12
larger end of the pipe thread. See Table5. The di- 1/8 - 27 NPSM
mensions of these external and internal threads are 1/8 - 27 NPSL
shown in Table 5. A recess in the fitting provides a 1 - 11.5 NPSH
covering for the last scratch or sharp edges of in-
6.1.2 Pitch and Flank Angle. The pitch and flank
complete threads on the pipe.
angle are the same as the corresponding dimensions of
5.1.1 Thread Designation. American National in Section 3.
thc taper pipe thread described
Standard Railing Joint Taper Pipe Threads are desig-
6.1.3 Diameter of Thread. The basic pitch diame-
nated in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows:
ter for both the external and internal straight pipe
1/2 - 14 NPTR threads is equal to the pitch diameter of the Ameri-
can National Standard Taper Pipe Thread at the
5.1.2 Form of Thread. The form of the thread
is
gaging notch (dimension El of Table 2), whichis the
the same as the form of the American National same as at the large end of the internal taper pipe
Standard Taper Pipe Thread shown Fig.
in 1. thread.
5.1.3 Tolerances on Thread Elements. The gaging
of these threadsis specified in Table 5. The maximum
6.2 Free-Fitting Mechanical Joints for
allowable deviation in the external threadis no turns
Fixtures, NPSM
large and one turn small. The maximum allowable
deviation in the internal threadis one t u r n large, n o Pipe is often used for special applications where
turns small. there are no internal pressures. Where straight thread
joints are requilcd for mechanical assemblies, straight
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
pipe threads are often found more suited or con-
6 SPECIFICATIONS FOR STRAIGHT PIPE venient.
THREADS FOR MECHANICAL JOINTS; The dimensions of these threads,given as in Table
NPSM, NPSL, NPSH 6. are for pipe thread connections where reasonably
close fit of the mating parts
is desired.
6.1 Straight PipeThreads
I n addition to pressure-tlpht pipe joints,for which 6.3 Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints

taper external threads and either taper or straight With Locknuts, NPSL
internal threads are used: there are mechanical joints
where straight pipe threads are used to advantage on The American National Standard External Lock-
both external and internal threads. Three of these nut thread is designed to produce a pipe thread
straight pipe thread joints are covered by this Stan- having the largest diameter that it is possible to cut
dard, all of which are based on the pitch diameter ofo n Standard pipe. Ordinarily Straight Internal Threads
the American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread are used with these Straight External Threads, provid-
ing a loose fit. The dimensions of these threads are
at the gaging notch (dimension E,
of Table 2 ) but
given in Table 7. It will be noted that themaximum
have various truncations at crest and root as described
major diameter of the external thread is slightly
below. These three typesof joints are as follows:
greater than the nominal outside diameter of the
(a) free-fitting mechanical joints for fixtures,
pipe. The normal manufacturer’s variation in pipe
Table 6 , both external and internal, NPSM.
diameter provides for this increase.
( b ) loose-fitting mechanical joints with lock-
One application of a taper pipe thread in com-
nuts, Table 7, both external and internal, NPSL.
bination with a locknut thread which has been in use
(c) loose-fitting mechanical joints for hose coupl-
for some timeis that shown in Table 7. It consists of
ings (ANSIB2.4), NPSH.
the nipple threaded joint used to connect standpipes
6.1.1 Thread Designations. The above types of with the floor or wall of a water supply tank.
straight pipe threads for mechanical joints are desig- Gaging information for these threads is given in
nated in accordance with 1.2.1 as follows: Section 7.
13

NOTE:
The illustration shows standard design
f o r sizes 2 inch and smaller. Larger
sizes are of slightly differentdesigns.
Taper of
thread 1 In 16
measured on
diameter
Basic Size Max. Size Min. Size
Ring gage
FIG. 4 NPT STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD FIG. 6 GAGING EXTERNAL TAPER THREADS
PLUG AND RING GAGES WITH RING GAGE
,116~
One turn large One turn small
Flush l
r -
. Roots sharp
or undercut
(form optional)
4 Crests truncated
per 7.1.1
-
Roots must clear 0.0381~
flat Basic Size Max. Size Min. Size
FIG. 5 SUGGESTED FORM OF GAGE THREAD FIG. 7 GAGING INTERNAL TAPER THREADS
14
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Tolerance
@ Enlarged view showing chamfered

external thread of basic size
Tolerance
Point of last thread

scratch on chamfer cone
Plane of gaglng notch
NOTE:
Plane o f gaging
notch should
intersect crest of
thread on gage
@ Enlarged view showing chamfered

internal thread of basic size
w i t h chamfer exceeding the
major diameter
GENERAL NOTE:
Thechamferillustrated is at 45 deg. angle and is approxi-
mately X pitchin depth. However, these details are not
requirementsand are given onlyforinformationonthe
illustration shown. The chamfered portion of thread and the
full chamfer cone are indicated by dottedlines.
The reference pointfortheinternalproductthread is the

starting end of the fitting, providing the chamfer does not
exceed themajordiameteroftheinternalthread. When a
chamfer on t h e product thread exceeds this limit, the refer-
ence point becomes the last thread scratch o n the chamfer
cone, as illustrated. Allowance must be made f o r depth o f
counterbore o n counterbored fittings.
FIG. 8 GAGING OF CHAMFERED THREADS

(See 8.4)
15
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

6.4 Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints threads per inch, and the proper thread series designa-
' for Hose
Couplings, NPSH tion as given in the respective section of this Standard.
Hose coupling joints are ordinarily made with
straight internal and external loose-fitting threads. 7.2 Classes of Gages
There are several standards of hose threads having Gages of the following types may be used to com-
various diameters and pitches, oneof which is based pletely cover gage requirements:
on the American National Standard Pipe Thread. By (a) master gages used to check working gages.
the use of this threadseries, it is possible to joinsmall ( b ) working gages used to check threads during
hose couplings in sizes % to 4, inclusive, to ends of manufacture and for conformanceinspection.
standard pipe having American National Standard
External Pipe Threads, using a gasket to seal the joint. 7.2.1 MasterGages. The set of master gages con-
For dimensions and tolerances, see ANSI B2.4. sists of an L1 taper threaded plug gage and an L I
taper threaded ring gage (see Figs. 4 and 5). The plug
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
gage is made to dimensions specified in Table 8. It is

constructed of hardened steel with a gaging notch
7 GAGES AND GAGE TOLERANCES
located a distance L1 (Table 2) from thesmall end.
FOR AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
The ring gage has a length equal to dimension L I
PIPE THREADS
specified in Table 8. This ring is fitted to its mating
7.1 Design of Gages plug - seating flush at the notch withink 0.002 in.
for sizes 1/16 through 2, within k 0.003 in. for sizes
Gages for American National Standard Pipe 2-1/2 through 12,and within f 0.005 in. for sizes 14
Threads provide a functional check and are of the and larger. The roots of the threads on these ring
standard type as described below. Gages should con- gages shall clear a 0 . 0 3 8 1 ~flat or may be undercut
form to thedesigns recommended in ANSI Standard
beyond a sharp V . The crests of the plug and ring
B47.1, Gage Blanks. gage are truncated 0.100~.The set o f master gages is
7.1.1 Standard Type Gages. A set of standard or used for checking working gages (see 7.3.2). A
basic type gages consists of a taper-threadedplug gage supplementary check by optical means should be
and a taper-threaded ring gage. See Figs. 4 and 5 . made of flank angle and form.
The plug gages are madeto dimensions given in Table CAUTION: It should be understood that only a
8 with a gaging notch located adistance L I from the specifically matched set of masters (I. plug and L I
small end. The L ring gage has a length equal to ring) can be expected to mate with each other within
dimension L , . The roots of the threads on these the tolerancespecified. There are manycharacteristics
gages shall clear 0.038 1p width. A sharpV or under- or deviations in gage elements that may combine t o
cut clearance is acceptable. The crests are to be cause a significant standoff difference between
truncated an amount equalto 0 . 1 4 0 ~for 27 threads master gages which are not specifically matched.
per inch (tpi), 0 . 1 0 9 ~for 18 tpi, and0.100~for 14
tpi, 11-1/2 tpi and8 tpi threads(see Fig. 5). In locat- 7.2.2 Working Gages. Each set of working gages
ing the basic gaging notch, the plane of the notch consists of an L taper threaded plug gage and anL
should intersect the crest of the gage thread. taper threaded ring gage and is used for checking the
The ring gage shall be fitted to the plug so that, product. These gages are made of hardened steel
when assembled handtight, the gaging notch of the or equivalent material to dimensionsgiven in Table 8.
plug gage will be flush with the large end face of the (See 7.3.2 for tolerance.) In locating the basic notch
ring gage within tolerances asgiven in Table 9. of the plug gage the plane of the notch should inter-
Partial end threads shall be removed on both ends sect the crest of the thread.
It is to be noted that thesegages are truncated at
of the ring gage and on thesmall end of the plug gage
the crest so that they bear only on the flanks of the
to full-form profile in order to avoid possible seating
thread. Thus, although theydo notcheck the crest or
error from bentor malformed featherededge.
root truncations specified in Table 1 , they are a
7.1.2 Marking of Gages. Each gage shall be marked satisfactory functional check for the general run of
so as to indicate clearly the nominal size of pipe, product. When it is deemed necessary to determine
16
TABLE 8 BASIC DIMENSIONS OF THREADED PLUG AND RING GAGES FOR
NATIONAL AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREADS, NPT
T Major Diameters ofPlug
At
Gages
At At
T Pitch Diametersof Plug
and Ring Gag
A t Large
T Minor Diameters
of Ril Gages
At At
0.0. Small Gaging Large At At End, Small Gaging
Nominal of Threads/ End End Notch
Small Gaging Plug End, Notch
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Pipe Pipe in, Pitch (€0) (€1) (€2) End Notch Gage (€0) (€1)
Size (D) (n (PI Plane Plane Plane (€0) (€1) (€2) Plane Plane
--
2 3 6 7 8
1
- 4 5 9 10 11 12
5/16 0.3 125 27 0.03704 0.29289 0.30289 0.30921 0.271 18 0.281 18 0.28750 0.24947 0.25947
0.405 27 0.03704 0.38522 0.39531 0.40171 0.36351 0.37360 0.38000 0.34180 0.351 89
t 0.540 18 0.05556 0.5 1 339 0.52763 0.53850 0.47739 0.491 63 0.50250 0.441 39 0.45563
P 0.675 18 0.05556 0.64801 0.66301 0.67350 0.61201 0.62701 0.63750 0.57601 0.59101
t 0.840
1 .os0
14
14
0.07 143
0.07143
0.80600
1.01525
0.82600
1.03644
0.83936
1.04936
0.75843
0.96768
0.77843
0.98887
0.791 79
1.001 79
0.7 1086
0.92011
0.73086
0.941 29
lp
1 1.31 5 11.5 0.08696 1.271 54 1.29654 1.31 422 1.21363 1.23863 1.25630 1.15572 1.1 8072
1.660 11.5 0.08696 1.61504 1.64 129 1.65922 1.55713 1.58338 1.601 33 1.49922 1.52547
lh 1 .goo 11.5 0.08696 1.85400 1.88025 1.89922 1.79609 1.82234 1.841 30 1.73817 -1.76442
2 2.375 11.5 0.08696 2.32693 2.35418 2.37422 2.26902 2.29627 2.31630 2.21 1 1 1 2.23836
272 2.875 8 0.12500 2.80278 2.84541 2.87388 2.71953 2.762 16 2.79062 2.63628 2.67891
3 3.500 8 0.12500 3.42388 3.47175 3.49888 3.34062 3.38850 3.41562 3.25737 3.30525
3% 4.000 8 0.12500 3.92075 3.97207 3.99888 3.83750 3.88881 3.91 562 3.75425 3.80556
4 4.500 8 0.1 2500 4.41 762 4.47038 4.49888 4.33438 4.38712 4.41 562 4.25112 4.30387
5 5.563 8 0.1 2500 5.47398 5.53255 5.56188 5.39073 5.44929 5.47862 5.30748 5.36604
6 6.625 8 0.1 2500 6.52935 6.58922 6.62388 6.44609 6.50597 6.54062 6.36284 6.42272
8 8.625 8 0.12500 8.5 1685 8.58328 8.62388 8.43359 8.50003 8.54062 8.35034 8.41678
10 0.750 8 0.1 2500 10.62857 10.7041 9 10.74888 10.54531 10.62094 10.66562 10.46206 10.53768
12 2.750 8 0.1 2500 12.61 607 12.70107 12.74888 12.53281 12.61781 12.66562 12.44956 12.53456
14 O.D. 4.000 8 0.1 2500 13.85825 13.95588 13.99888 13.77500 13.87262 13.91 562 13.69175 13.78937
16 O.D. 6.000 8 0.1 2500 15.84575 15.95900 15.99888 15.76250 15.87575 15.91 562 15.67925 15.79250
18 O.D. 8.000 8 0.12500 17.83325 17.95825 17.99888 17.75000 17.87500 17.91562 17.66675 17.791 75
20 O.D. !O.OOO 8 0.12500 19.82075 19.95357 19.99888 19.73750 19.87031 19.91 562 19.65425 19.78706
24 O.D. '4.000 8 0.12500 23.79575 23.94419 23.99888 23.71250 23.86094 23.91562 23.62925 23.77768
GENERAL NOTE: Gage blanks shall conform to dimensions given in ANSI 847.1. The major diameters of the plug gages and the minor diameters
b.wd upon the truncations specified in 7.1 .l .

whether or not such truncations are within the limits 8 GAGING OF TAPER PIPE THREADS
specified, o r particularly t o see that maximum trunca-
8.1 Gaging External Taper Threads
tion is not exceeded, it is necessary to make further
inspection. For this inspection, optics or optical In gaging extcrnal taper threads, theL ring gage,
projection is suggested. Fig. 6 , is screwed handtight o n the pipe or external
thread. The threadis within the permissible tolerance
7.3 Gage Tolerances
when the gaging face of the working gage ring is not
In the manufacture ofgages, variations from basic more than one turn, large or small, from being flush
dimensions are unavoidable. Furthermore, gages will with the end of the thread, as indicated Fig. 6in.
wear in use. In order to fix the maximum allowable
variations o f gages, tolerances have been established. 8.2 Gaging Internal Taper Threads
See Table 9 and 7.3.2.
In gaging internal taper threads, the
/, plug gage,
7.3.1 Master GageTolerances. The set of master Fig. 4, is screwed handtight into the fitting or coup-
gages should be made to the basic dimensions as ling. The thread is within the permissible tolerance
accurately as possible, butin n o case shall the cum- when the gaging notch of the working pluggage is
ulative deviation exceed one-half of the total cum- not more than1 turn, large or small, from being flush
ulative tolerance specified in cols. 13 and I4 of Table with the end of the thread, as indicatedin Fig. 7.
9 . Each master gage should be accompanied by a
record of the measurements of all elements of the 8.3 Gaging Practice
thread and the standoff of master plug to master
8.3.1 Precautions. In gaging pipe threads it is
ring (large end of ring gage to basic notch of plug
common practice to tap or rap the part to assure
gage). proper seating of thegage in or on the product thread.
7.3.2 Working Gage Tolerances. All gages applied However, it is first necessary t o clean both thegage
to the product thread, whetherin manufacture or and the product threads so that tliey are free of chips,
gages. All work-
inspection, are designated as working burrs, abrasives, or other foreign materials.
ing gages should be made to the basic dimensions
8.3.2 Supplemental Gaging. Gaging of both in-
specified in Table 8 and within tolerances specified
ternal and external threads byuse of the/, I plug and
in Table 9. The maximum wear on a working gage
shall not be more than the equivalentof one-quarter
ring gages. illustrated by Figs. 6 and 7, serves t o
assure conformance to theI , elements of the design
turn from its original dimensions.
dimensions. However. conformance to this Standard
7.4 Relation of Lead and Angle Deviations to Pitch requires that all basic design dimensions be met
Diameter Tolerances of Gages within applicable tolerances including extension of
the tluead elementsto provide for wrench-tight make-
When it is necessary to compute from measure-
up. Therefore, in controlling manufacturing practices
ments the decimal part o f a turn that a gage varies
or as otherwise required, additional methods of
from the basic dimensions, Tables10 and 1 1 should
measuring or gaging may be employed to supplement
be used. Table 10 gives the correctionin diameter for
IdI gaging.
angle deviations and Table1 1 gives the correction in
diameter for lead deviations. These corrections are
8.4 Gaging Chamfered, Countersunk, or
always added to the pitch diameter in the case of
Recessed Threads
external threads and subtractedin the case of internal
threads regardless of whether the lead or angle devia- The reference point for gaging internal product
or minus.
tions are either plus threads depends upon the chamfer diameter.When
The diameter equivalent for lead and angle devia- the internal chamfer diameter exceeds the major
tions plus the pitch diameter deviation multiplied by diameter of the internal thread, the reference point
is
16 gives the longitudinal deviation frombasic at the the last thread scratch on the chamfer cone. See
gaging notch. This longitudinal deviation divided by Fig. 8B. Otherwise, when the internal chamfer
the pitch equals the decinlal part of a turn that thediameter does not exceed the major diameter of the
gage varies from basic at the
gaging notch. internal thread, the reference pointis the end of the
18
--```,``,,`,```,`,,`,`,``,`,,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

TABLE 9 TOLERANCES FOR AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD WORKING TAPER PIPE THREAD P
AND RING GAGES. NPT
Toler- Toler-
Toler-
Tolerance on ance o n ance o n Total Cumulat
ance on
Tol8rance~o n Half Angle,3 Tolerance o n Major Minor Tolerances o
Pitch
-t
Nomina L.ad2'4 Minutes Taper4" Diem. Diam. Pitch Diam
Pipe Threads/
Di8m. I I
___ -__
Plugs Rings Plugs Rings Plugs Rings
Size in. Plugs Rings PIugs Rin
(t) (t) (+I (-1 (-) (+I
-- ~-
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
-
716 0.312 27 0.0002 0.0002 0.0003 1s 20 0.0003 0.0006 0.0004 0.0004 0.00080 0.00
k 0.405 27 0.0002 0.0002 0.0003 15 20 0.0003 0.0006 0.0004 0.0004 0.00080 0.00
$ 0.540
0.675
18
18
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002 0.0003
0.0002 0.0003
15
15
20
20
0.0004
0.0004
0.0007
0.0007
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.0006
0.00092
0.00092
0.00
0.00
1
k 0.840
1 .os0
1.315
14
14
11.5
0.0003
0.0003
0.0002 0.0003
0.0002 0.0003
0.0003 0.0003 0.0004
10
10
10
15
1s
1s
0.0006
0.0006
0.0008
0.0009
0.0009
0.0012
0.0010
0.0010
0.0010
0.0010
0.00097
0.00097
0.00
0.00
0.0010 0.0010 0.0012 1 0.001
1% 1.660 11.5 0.0003 0.0003 0.0004 10 1s 0.0008 0.0012 0.0010 0.0010 0.00121 0.00
1 /2 1 .goo 11.5 0.0003 0.0003 0.0004 10 15 0.0008 0.0012 0.0010 0.0010 0.00121 0.00
2 2.375 11.5 0.0003 0.0003 0.0004 10 1s 0.0008 0.0012 0.0010 0.0010 0.00121 0.00
272 2.875 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.001 0 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.001 580.00
3 3.500 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.001 580.00
3% 4.000 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 O.OOlS8 0.00
4 4.500 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.001 0 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00
5 5.563 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.001 580.00
6 6.625 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0016 0.0016 0.00158 0.00
8 8.625 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0020 0.0020 0.00158 0.00
10 10.750 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0020 0.0020 0.00158 0.00
12 12.750 8 0.0005 0.0004 0.0005 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0020 0.0020 0.00158 0.00
14 O.D. 14.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0030 0.0030 0.00206 0.00
16 O.D. 16.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0030 0.0030 0.00206 0.00
18 O.D. 18.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0,0010 0.0014 0.0030 0.0030 0.00206 0.00
20 O.D. 20.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0030 0.0030 0.00206 0.00
24 O.D. 24.000 8 0.0008 0.0005 0.0006 7 10 0.0010 0.0014 0.0020 0.0020 0.00206 0.00
- __ ___
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) The large end o f t h e master ring gage shall be flush with thegaging notch of i t s master plug when assembled handtight withln 2 0.002 for sues
0.003 for sizes 2% t o 12, inclusive, and within f 0.005 for sizes 14 and larger.
(b) The tolerances for the lengthL1 from small end t o gaging notch of the plug gaged (Fig. 4) shall be + 0.000and - 0.001 for sizes 716 t o 2 , inclu
and .. 0.002 for sizes 272 and larger,
IC) The tolerances for the over-all thread length L2 o f the plug gage [Fig. 41 shall be + 0.050 and 0.000for all s u e s .
-
[ d l Tolerances for the thickness L 1 of the ring gage [Flg. 41 shall be - 0,000and + 0.001 for sizes 716 to 2,Inclusive, and 0.000 and + 0.002for s
-
NOTES:
(11 To be measured at the gaging notch of plug gage.
(2) Allowable variation in lead between any t w o threads i n L 1 length of gage (Flg. 41.
(3) In solving for the correction in diameter for angle deviations, the average deviation in half angle for the twosldes Of thread regardless of their s
(4) The lead and taper on plug and ringgages shall be measured along the pitch line omitting the imperfect threads at each end.
(5)Allowable variation in taper in L I length of gage (Fig. 41.
(6) Maximum possible interchange standoff, any ring against any plug other than i t s master Plug, may occur when taper deviations are zero and al
opposite extreme tolerence limits.'Average standoff should be well within these maximum limits.
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TABLE 10 DIAMETER EQUIVALENT OF DEVIATION' IN HALF INCLUDED ANGLE OF

THREAD FOR TOOLS AND GAGES3
Deviation' 8 11.5 14 18 27
6 a )Minutes Threaddin. Threaddin. Threaddin. Threaddin. Threaddin.
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 0.00006 0.00004 0.00003 0.00002 0.00002

2 0.0001 1 0.00008 0.00006 0.00005 0.00003
3 0.0001 7 0.0001 2 0.00010 0.00007 0.00005
4 0.00022 0.00016 0.00013 0.00010 0.00007
5 0.00028 0.00019 0.00016 0.0001 2 0.00008
6 0.00034 0.00023 0.00019 0.00015 0.00010
7 0.00039 0.00027 0.00022 0.00017 0.00012

8 0.00045 0.00031 0.00026 0.00020 0.0001 3
9 0.00050 0.00035 0.00029 0.00022 0.0001 5
10 0.00056 0.00039 0.00032 0.00025 0.00017
11 0.00062 0.00043 0.00035 0.00027 0.00018
12 0.00067 0.00047 0.00038 0.00030 0.00020
13 0.00073 0.00051 0.00042 0.00032 0.00022

14 0.00078 0.00054 0.00045 0.00035 0.00023
15 0.00084 0.00058 0.00048 0.00037 0.00025
16 0.00089 0.00062 0.0005 1 0.00040 0.00027
17 0.00095 0.00066 0.00054 0.00042 0.00028
18 0.00101 0.00070 0.00058 0.00045 0.00030

19 0.001 06 0.00074 0.00061 0.00047 0.00031
20 0.001 12 0.00078 0.00064 0.00050 0.00033
21 0.001 17 0.00082 0.00067 0.0005i 0.00035
22 0.00123 0.00086 0.00070 0.00055 0.00036
23 0.001 29 0.00089 0.00074 0.00057 0.00038

24 0.001 34 0.00093 0.00077 0.00060 0.00040
25 0.00140 0.00097 0.00080 0.00062 0.00041
26 0.001 45 0.00101 0.00083 0.00065 0.00043
27 0.0015 1 0.001 05 0.00086 0.00067 0.00045
28 0.00157 0.001 09 0.00089 0.00070 0.00046

29 0.001 62 0.001 13 0.00093 0.00072 0.00048
30 0.001 68 0.001 17 0.00096 0.00075 0.00050
45 0.00252 0.00175 0.001 44 0.001 12 0.00075
50 0.00336 0.00233 0.001 92 0.00149 0.00099
GENERAL NOTE: Values given in inches at 680F.

NOTES:
(1) In solving for the diameter equivalent of angle deviations the average deviation in half included
angle for t h e t w o sides of the thread regardless of their signs should be taken.
(2) Diameter equivalent = 0.53812~tan 6a. where 6a = deviation in half included angle of thread
expressed in minutes.
(3)Table is based upon an NPT gage with 0.1 p root/crest Truncations withequal half-angle deviations.
For other gages with equal truncations, multiply by
0.866~- 2 (truncation)
0.6667~
20
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PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH) ANSIIASME 61.20.1-1983
TABLE 1 1 DIAMETER EQUIVALENT OF DEVIATION IN LEAD FOR TOOLS AND GAGES'
Deviation
0.00000 0.00001 0.00002 0.00003 0.00004 0.00005 0.00006 0.00007 0.00008 0.00009
(6P)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0.00000 0.00000 0.00002 0.00003 0.00005 0.00007 0.00009 0.00010 0.00012 0.0001 4 0.0001 6
0.0001 0 0.0001 7 0.0001 9 0.0002 1 0.00023 0.00024 0.00026 0.00028 0.00029 0.00031 0.00033
0.00020 0.00035 0.00036 0.00038 0.00040 0.00042 0.00043 0.00045 0.00047 0.00048 0.00050
0.00030 0.00052 0.00054 0.00055 0.00057 0.00059 0.00061 0.00062 0.00064 0.00066 0.00068
0.00040 0.00069 0.00071 0.00073 0.00074 0.00076 0.00078 0.00080 0.00081 0.00083 0.00085
0.00050 0.00087 0.00088 0.00090 0.00092 0.00094 0.00095 0.00097 0.00099 0.00100 0.00 102
0.00060 0.001 04 0.001 06 0.001 07 0.001 09 0.001 11 0.001 13 0.001 14 0.001 16 0.001 18 0.001 20
0.00070 0.001 21 0.00'1 23 0.001 25 0.001 26 0.001 28 0.001 30 0.001 32 0.001 33 0.001 35 0.001 37
0.00080 0.001 39 0.001 40 0.00142 0.001 44 0.001 45 0.00147 0.001 49 0.00151 0.00152 0.001 54
0.00090 0.00156 0.00158 0.00159 0.001 61 0.001 63 0.001 65 0.001 66 0.001 68 0.00170 0.00171
0.001 00 0.00173 0.001 7s 0.001 7 7 0.001 78 0.001 80 0.001 82 0.00 1 84 0.00185 0.001 87 0.00189
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0.001 10 0.00151 0.001 92 0.00 154 0.001 96 0.00197 0.001 99 0.00201 0.00203 0.00204 0.00206
0.001 20 0.00208 0.002 10 0.002 1 1 0.002 1 3 0.002 15 0.002 17 0.0021 8 0.00220 0.00222 0.00223
0.001 30 0.00225 0.00227 0.00229 0.00230 0.00232 0.00234 0.00236 0.00237 0.00239 0.00241
0,00140 0.00242 0.00244 0.00246 0.00248 0.00249 0.0025 1 0.00253 0.00255 0.00256 0.00258
0.001 50 0.00260 0.00262 0.00263 0.00265 0.00267 0.00268 0.00270 0.00272 0.00274 0.00275
0.00160 0.00277 0.00279 0.00281 0.00282 0.00284 0.00286 0.00288 0.00289 0.00291 0.00293
0.001 70 0.00294 0.00296 0.00298 0.00300 0.00301 0.00303 0.00305 0.00307 0.00308 0.003 10
0.001 80 0.003 1 2 0.003 1 3 0.00315 0.0031 7 0.0031 9 0.00320 0.00322 0.00324 0.00326 0.00327
0.001 90 0.00329 0.00331 0.00333 0.00334 0.00336 0.00338 0.00339 0.00341 0.00343 0.00345
0.00200 0.00346 0.00348 0.00350 0.00352 0.00353 0.00355 0.00357 0.00359 0.00360 0.00362
GENERAL NOTE: Values given in inches at 68°F.

NOTE:
( 1 ) Diameter equivalent = 1.7326p, where 6 p = deviation in lead between any two threads.
21
fitting. An allowance must be made for the depth of Thc planc of thegaging notch on the Anlerican
counterbore on counterbored fittings. National Standard Taper Pipe Thread plug gagc shall
The reference point for gaging or measuring the come flush with the cndof the Amcrican National
length of external product threads is the end of the Standard Coupling Straight Pipe Thread (NPSC)
pipe. (Table 4) o r flush with the last thread scratch on the
chamfer cone if chamfered with an internal cham-
8.4.1 Turns-Engagement Method of Gaging. The
fer diameter in cxccss of the major diameter of the
turns-engagement method of gaging taper threads
internal thread (sce Fig. 8B). A tolcrancc of onc and
with plug and ring pipe threadgages, determines that
one-half turnslarge or srnall t o gage shall be allowed.
an adequate number of threadsis available at hand
engagement, thus avoiding possible complications CAUTION: When using a tapered thrcad plug gage,
resulting from gage chamfer and product chamfer. nonuniformity of gage wear is a particular problem;
See Table 2 , col. 7, for the basic numbero f turns in therefore, taper plug gages used for this application
the absence of chamfers(e.g., 4.32 turns lor 27 tpi), should be checked by dircct nvxsurcmcnto f thread
the applicablc tolerance beingplus or minus one turn fgrnl 3 r d size i n addition t o checking against a mas-
(or limits3.32 t o 5.32 turns for 27 tpi). tcr.
9.2 Gage Dimensions
9 GAGING OF STRAIGHT PIPE THREADS The straight GOand H I plug gages and t l ~ cstraight
GO and LO ring gages uscd li)r cl~ccking~ n c c l ~ a n i c a l
9.1 Types of Gages joint threads, Tahlcs 0 and 7 , sl~all henude t o the
pitch dianlctcr limits spccil'icd i n the product tables
Gages to properly cont r o l the production of these
in ;tccordancc with standard practice l o r straight
straight threads should be either straight GO and 111
thread g ~ g c sas outlined i n ANSI 131 2 . Gages and
(Internal) and GO and LO (External) gagcs o r the
Gaging f o r Unified Scrcw Threads.
regular American National Standard Tapcr Pipe
The Inininlunl major dlamctcr ol' the GO thread
Thread gages as indicated below.
plug gage shall he cqual t o the minimum pitch diarne-
(el- o f t l ~ cintcrnal thrcad plus A I I ; r n ~ o u n t ccl11a1 t o
9.1.1 Use of Straight andTaperGages. Straight
0.7511 (0.64OSl9p). The n1;Ixinlunl nlajor tlinrncter
GO and lll/LO gugcs should he uscd for all types o f
o f the HI thread plug gage s11a11 he c(lua1 t o the
threaded joints whcre boththe cxtcrnal and internal
maximum pitch diameter 01' the internal thrcad plus
threads are straight. Tapcr pluggagcs should hc used
an amount cqual t o 0.5011 (0.433013 p ) .
for the intcrnal thrcads of all typcs of mechanical
The maxirnum minor diameter 0 1 the GO thread
joints wllerc the external thrcad is tapcrcd and the
ring gage shall he cqual to the nlaxinlum pitch diame-
intcrnal thread is straight. Tapcr plug g a g s used f o r
ter o f the external thread minus an ;Imount equal to
this purposc should be clwckcd pcriodically by
0.SOH (0.43301 3 p ) . The mininnlnl minor diameter
direct Ineasurcrncnt.
of the LO thread ring gage shall be equalt o the rnini-
Tapcr thread
9.1.2 GagingPressure-tightJoints. mum pitch diamctcr of the cxtcrnal thread rninusan
gagcs shall be used t o gage straight internal pipe amount cqual t o 0.2511 (0.210506p).
threads forming part of pressure-tight joints whcrc Scc ANSI BI 2 for furthcr details and tolerances
the extcrnal threadis tapcrcd. for these straight thrcad gagcs.
22
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APPENDIX
(This Appendix is not part of American National Standard, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
ANSllASME 81.20.1-198x. but is included for information purposes only.)
Suggested Twist Drill Diameters for Drilled Hole

Sizes for Pipe Threads
The drill diameters given in Table 1 are the diame- When nonferrous metals and other similar mate-
ters of the standard and stock drills which are the rials are to be drilled and tapped, it may be found
closest to the minimum minor diameters shown in necessary to use a drill of slightly larger or smaller
Table 2, col. 24. diameter to produce a hole of a size that will make it
possible for the tap to cut an acceptable pipe thread
They represent the diameters of the holes which
with the required thread height.
would be cut witha twist drill correctly ground when
It should be understood that this tableof twist
drilling a material without tearing or flow of metal.
drill diameters is intended to help only theoccasional
This is approximately the condition that exists when
user of drills in the application of this Standard.
a correctly sharpened twist drill is cutting a hole in a
When internal pipe threads are produced in larger
homogeneous block ofcast iron.
quantities in a particular type of material and with
When flat drills are used, the widthof the cutting specially designed machinery it may be found to be
edge may have to be adjusted to produce a hole of more advantageous to use a drill size not given in the
the required diameter. table, even one having a nonstandard diameter.
TABLE A1 SUGGESTED TWIST DRILL DIAMETERS

(INCHES) FOR DRILLED HOLE SIZES FOR
PIPE THREADS
Taper Thread
Nom O.D. Straight Pipe
Pipe of Pipe With use of Without use of Thread
Size (0) Reamer Reamer (NPSC)'
-
1 2 3 4 5
'/I 6 0.31 25 A 0.234' C 0.242' 74 0.250'

78 0.405 "/64 0.328' Q 0.332' '732 0.344'
27
'/4 0.540 /64 0.422' 7/16 0.438' 7/16 0.438'
3 1/64 0.578'
78 0.675 9/16 0.562' 9/16 0.562'
23
'h 0.840 '716 0.688' 45/64 0.703' 132 0.719'
3
14 1 .os0 57/64 0.891 ' 29/32 0.906' 5764 0.922'
1 1.315 178 1.125' 1y64 1.1 41 ' 1732 1.156'
1 74 1.660 '
1 5/32 1.469 1'764 1.484 172 1.500
172 1 .goo 14764 1.703 1'732 1.71 9 174 1.750
2 2.375 2'764 2.172 23/16 2.188 2732 2.219
272 2.875 Z37/&% 2.578 23%4 2.609 3 7 3 2 2.656
GENERAL NOTE: The use of twist drills of the diameters listed will
not assure completely formed threads over the entire L I length.
NOTES:
( 1 ) American National Standard twist drill sizes in accordance with
ANSI 694.1 1, applicable to commercial threads only.
(2) Twist drill diameters for NPSM, NPSL and NPSH threads may be
larger t o suit the increased internal minor diameters established
for these threads. Refer t o Tables 6 and 7 in this Standard and
Table 3 in ANSI82.4, Hose Coupling Screw Threads.
23
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Intentionally left blank
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Threads, General Purpose: (INCH)

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A AN M E R I C A NN A T I O N A SL T A N D A R D

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL

ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 - 1983

SPONSORED AND PUBLISHED BY

Copyright ASME International

Date of Issuance: August 31, 1983

This codeorstandard was developedunderproceduresaccredited as meetingthecriteriafor

No part ofthis document may be reproduced in any form,

ANSI B1.20.3-1976 Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch)

ANSIlASME BI 20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

Copyright ASME International

AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC.

AMERICAN IRON ANDSTEEL INSTITUTE

AMERICAN MEASURING TOOL MANUFACTURERSASSOCIATION

AMERICAN PIPE FITTINGS ASSOCIATION

DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL SUPPLY CENTER

ENGINE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

FARM AND INDUSTRIALEQUIPMENT INSTITUTE

INDUSTRIAL FASTENERS INSTITUTE

MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY OF THE VALVE AND FITTING INDUSTRY

METAL CUTING TOOL INSTITUTE (TAP & DIE DIVISION)

A. D. Shepherd, Jr., Alternate, Union/Butterfield, Derby Line, Vermont

Copyright ASME International

NATIONAL MACHINE TOOL BUILDERSASSOCIATION

NATIONAL SCREW MACHINE PRODUCTS ASSOCIATION

SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS

SOCIETY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERS

TUBULAR RIVET AND MACHINE INSTITUTE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Copyright ASME International

PERSONNEL OF SUBCOMMITTEE B1.20 - PIPE THREADS

Copyright ASME International

Copyright ASME International

Copyright ASME International

AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

PIPE THREADS, GENERAL PURPOSE (INCH)

1 INTRODUCTION 1.2.3 Coated Threads.

1.6 Related Standard

FIG. 1 BASIC FORM OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD

Copyright ASME International

2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Copyright ASME International

FIG. 3 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

engagement) before plating followed by the words

Copyright ASME International

pitch Diam. Handtight Engagement Effective Thread. External

74 0.540 18 0.05556 0.47739 0.2278 4.1 0 0.49163

Copyright ASME International

I Length (L3) Diam.

Copyright ASME International

TABLE 3 TOLERANCES ON TAPER, LEAD, AND

Taper on Pitch Line in Length 60 deg. Angle Lead

716, '/8 27 - 1/16 0.003 2%

TABLE 4 DIMENSIONS, INTERNAL STRAIGHT THREADS IN PIPE COUPLING, NPSC

0.405 27 0.340 0.3701 0.3771

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Copyright ASME International

Dotted lines show amount ANSI standard

3.840 14 0.0571 0.77 18 0.214 0.320 6.98 0.1 79 2 72 0.1 8 0.86

Copyright ASME International