CMP1401: Introduction To Programming With C: Ece Gelal Soyak Bahc Es Ehir Universitesi

Course Goals Logistics Student Input Computers Algorithms Recap
CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C

0 1
Ece Gelal Soyak
14
P
Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi
C M Week 1: Introduction
Oct. 13, 2020
CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 1 / 31

Target Audience
Everyone.
0 1
14
Programming is an asset that every engineer and every scientist
should have for a successful career
P
In this room: students enrolled in EEE, MCH, any others?
C M
Course Coverage
Fundamentals of programming in C
0 1
Understand computer programming fundamentals
14
Upon successful completion of this course, you’ll be able to:
Analyze a problem and develop basic algorithms to solve it
P
Implement the algorithm using the C programming language
Practice and improve programming on your own
C M
Have the foundation that is essential for you to build on in your future
courses/internships/projects

Tentative Outline
Week
1)
2)
Date
Oct. 13/14/15
Oct. 20/21/22
Subject
0 1
Course outline, introduction to computer systems
Basics of C programming; data types, assignments
4
Oct. 27/Nov.
3) Operators and conditional statements
4/Nov. 5
1
4) Nov. 3/11/12 do-while/while/for loops; switch statement
5) Nov. 10/18/19 Nested loops
6) Nov. 17/25/26 Functions
7)
8)
Nov. 24/Dec.
2/Dec. 3
Dec. 1/9/10
Midterm exam
Functions (cont’d)
P
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
Dec. 8/16/17
Dec. 15/23/24
Dec. 22/30/31
Dec. 29/Jan.
6/Jan. 7
Jan. 5/13/14 C M Arrays
Pointers
Passing pointers to a function
Searching in arrays
Strings, string operations
14) Jan. 11/18/19 Semester recap

Resources
(optional) Books:
0 1
14
C How to Program, Deitel & Deitel, Prentice Hall
The C Programming Language, Kernighan & Ritchie, Prentice Hall
P
References
http://www.cprogramming.com/
M
www.stackoverflow.com/
C
Additional online resources announced via itslearning

Lectures
Delivered online through MS Teams

0 1
Lectures on:
Section IV: Tuesdays 13:30-15:20
Section VI: Wednesdays 16:30-18:20
14
Section V: Thursdays 16:30-18:20
P
C M
Office Hours: Fridays 9:30-10:30, Online on MS Teams
Typical lecture: Recap&questions, new topic, exercises

Attendance
0 1
14
Attendance is mandatory (will take attendance through MS Teams)
Students must attend at least 9 out of 14 lectures

P
C M
Grading
A. Midterm [30%]
Covering all topics until Week 7.
0 1
B. Final [40%]
14
Cumulative final exam covering all topics. Date and time will be announced at the
P
end of the semester.
C. Quizzes [10%]
in total.
D. Lab work [20%]

C M
A few short-answer questions covering topics from the previous lectures. 2 quizzes
This assessment will be handled by the teaching assistant.

Please Do’s
Attend the lectures
0 1
4
Check class website for updates/announcements/syllabus
1
Spend at least 1 hour every week on this class (excluding lecture time!)
Suggested readings, course notes review
P
More hours will be necessary before quizzes/midterm/final
Ask questions when unclear. We’ll discuss in class, you’ll help your
classmates too!
C
Attend the exams at all cost
M
Make-up for Midterm or Final will be available only if you supply a formal
paperwork

Cheating & Plagiarism
Collaboration is strongly encouraged; however, the work you hand in

must be solely your own.
0 1
14
Cheating and plagiarism are very serious offenses and will be
penalized accordingly by the university disciplinary committee.
Copying answers on exams, homeworks, lab works
Using prohibited material on exams
P
Lying to gain any type of advantage in class
exam, lab, etc.
C M
Modifying graded material to be re-graded
Causing harm to colleagues by distributing false information about an
Turning in someone else’s work as your own

(www.plagiarism.org)

Student Input
0 1
Any questions?
Anything you would change?
14
Any topics you would particularly like covered?
P
C M
What is a Computer?
Computer: A device capable of performing computations and making

logical decisions
0 1
Hardware (physical components)
Processor
14
P
Memory
I/O devices (keyboard, monitor, mouse)
How does it work?
C M
Executes very simple instructions
Executes them incredibly fast
Must be programmed – the software determines what a computer
actually does

Hardware Components of a Computer
0 1
14
P
C M
Software Applications
Create games; create apps
0 1
Most engineering activities
involve software
e.g. aircraft communication,
14
P
telecommunications, energy
monitoring, Mars rovers,
chip manufacturing
Other sectors
C
banking, automobiles,M
defense, bioinformatics

How to Program?
Problem -- understand the problem precisely

(usually defined by the user to the programmer)
0 1
Solution -- find a solution to the problem
14
Algorithms -- express the solution as (a set of) algorithm(s)
P
Programming -- implement these algorithms as a set of instructions that
a computer can follow (source code)
C M
Program using a programming language, e.g. C
Executable -- run the C compiler to translate the source code into an

executable program
The user can then run the executable program on a computer and
obtain the solution to the problem

Algorithms
A procedure defined to solve a problem

sequence of instructions that obtains the solution
0 1
Must satisfy:
14
non ambiguity -- the instructions must be interpretable in a unique
way by whomever is executing them
P
executability -- it must be possible to execute each instruction (in a
finite amount of time) given the available resources
M
finiteness -- the execution of the algorithm must terminate in a finite
amount of time for each possible set of input data
C
First we design an algorithm, next we code it in the selected
programming language

Example
0 1
4
Problem: We want to know the age difference between two persons
General outline of solution:

1. Get the ages from users
a. Ask user for first age
b. Ask user for second age
P 1
3. Print the result
C M
2. Subtract second age from first age

Important: Consider All Inputs!
Previous solution looks OK except if the first person is younger
0 1
Algorithm revised for inputs:
1. Get the ages from user.
14
P
a. Ask user for first age.
b. Ask user for second age
M
2. Subtract the smaller age from the greater one
a. If first age is greater than second, subtract second age from first age
C
b. Otherwise, subtract first age from second age
3. Print the result.

Important Points When Designing Algorithms
Machines do not have judgement or intuition

0 1
We need to be aware of the assumptions we make
14
P
Need to consider the initial conditions (initial state)
Be careful not to overlook a step in the procedure just because it

seems obvious
C M
Consider rare conditions (Edge Cases)

Presenting Algorithms
0 1
14
P
Flowchart
C M Pseudocode

Flowcharts
A visual representation of the sequence of

steps and decisions needed to perform a
process
0 1
Each step in the sequence is noted within
a diagram shape
14
Steps are linked by connecting lines and
directional arrows
P
Flowchart rules:
C M
All flowcharts begin with Terminal or
Process symbols
All boxes must be connected with arrows
Decision symbols have 2 exit arrows
(TRUE/YES and FALSE/NO)

Example: Decision on a Flowchart
0 1
14
P
C M
Loops on a Flowchart
Two examples:
0 1
14
P
C M
Pseudocodes
Compact and informal high definition description of a program
0 1
mathematical notation
14
The algorithm is outlined using English statements and compact
P
intended for human reading rather than machine reading
Simple guidelines for writing pseudocode

Use simple English
C M
Put one command on a line
Place any important words in bold
Start from the top and work toward the bottom
Separate processes with spaces to form modules

Example Pseudocode - 1
0 1
14
P
C M
Example Pseudocode - 2
0 1
14
P
C M
Exercise: Add User’s Two Numbers
Algorithm: (in simple English)
0 1
Initialize sum=0 (PROCESS)
Ask the user for two numbers
14
P
(I/O)
Add the numbers and store
M
the result in sum (PROCESS)
Print sum (I/O)
C
Exercise: Add User’s Five Numbers (1/3)
Algorithm: (in simple English)
Initialize sum=0 and count=0 (PROCESS)

0 1
Take a number from user (I/O)
Find sum+number and assign it to sum (PROCESS)

14
Increment count (PROCESS)
P
M
If count is less than 5, take another number from user (DECISION)
If count is equal to 5, exit loop and display sum (I/O)
C
How can you change this algorithm and get the same solution?

Add User’s Five Numbers: Pseudocode (2/3)
Initialize sum=0 and count=0

1.
0
sum=0; count=0;1
Take a number from user
Find sum+number and assign 4.

2.
3.
14 take a number as input;

sum = sum + number;
count = count + 1;
P
it to sum 5. if count = 5 then
Increment count 6. output sum;
another number from user
C M
If count is less than 5, take
If count is equal to 5, exit

loop and display sum
7.
8.
9.
else
end
go to Step 2;

Add User’s Five Numbers: Flowchart (3/3)
Initialize sum=0 and count=0
0 1
4
Take a number from user
Find sum+number and assign

it to sum
Increment count
P 1
C M
If count is less than 5, take
another number from user
If count is equal to 5, exit
loop and display sum

Summary
We will learn the basics of programming in this class
0 1
Algorithms are the first step to solving a problem
14
Algorithms can be represented as a flowchart or pseudocode
P
There are certain rules that must be followed in designing algorithms
M
There is usually more than one way to solve a problem
Multiple different algorithms can solve the same problem
C
Next week: we dive in to programming!

CMP1401: Introduction To Programming With C: Ece Gelal Soyak Bahc Es Ehir Universitesi

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CMP1401: Introduction To Programming With C: Ece Gelal Soyak Bahc Es Ehir Universitesi

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Course Goals Logistics Student Input Computers Algorithms Recap

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 1 / 31

Analyze a problem and develop basic algorithms to solve it

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 3 / 31

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 4 / 31

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 5 / 31

Delivered online through MS Teams

Typical lecture: Recap&questions, new topic, exercises

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 6 / 31

Students must attend at least 9 out of 14 lectures

D. Lab work [20%]

This assessment will be handled by the teaching assistant.

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 8 / 31

Attend the lectures

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 9 / 31

Cheating & Plagiarism

Collaboration is strongly encouraged; however, the work you hand in

exam, lab, etc.

Turning in someone else’s work as your own

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 10 / 31

Computer: A device capable of performing computations and making

How does it work?

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 12 / 31

Hardware Components of a Computer

Create games; create apps

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 14 / 31

Problem -- understand the problem precisely

Executable -- run the C compiler to translate the source code into an

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 15 / 31

A procedure defined to solve a problem

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 16 / 31

General outline of solution:

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 17 / 31

Important: Consider All Inputs!

Previous solution looks OK except if the first person is younger

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 18 / 31

Important Points When Designing Algorithms

Machines do not have judgement or intuition

Be careful not to overlook a step in the procedure just because it

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 19 / 31

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 20 / 31

A visual representation of the sequence of

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 21 / 31

Example: Decision on a Flowchart

Compact and informal high definition description of a program

Simple guidelines for writing pseudocode

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 24 / 31

Exercise: Add User’s Two Numbers

Algorithm: (in simple English)

Add the numbers and store

Exercise: Add User’s Five Numbers (1/3)

Algorithm: (in simple English)

Initialize sum=0 and count=0 (PROCESS)

Find sum+number and assign it to sum (PROCESS)

CMP1401: Introduction to Programming with C Week 1 – Oct. 13, 2020 28 / 31

Add User’s Five Numbers: Pseudocode (2/3)

Initialize sum=0 and count=0

Find sum+number and assign 4.

14 take a number as input;

another number from user

If count is equal to 5, exit