PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK Ca ssna.. lb2 1978 MODEL 152 Serial No Registration No. {HS HANDBOOK INCLUDES THE MATERIAL REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED TO THE PLOT BY CAR PART 3 CESSNA AIRCRAFT COMPANY WICHITA, KANSAS, USA, sures Change 2 ‘CONGRATULATIONS. cossNA MODEL 18 CONGRATULATIONS .... Welcome to the (gs of Cena owrars! Your Cain hat been desgned and star rolling before high RPM Is developed, andthe geavel wil be Bows bok of the proper rather than pulled into it, When unavoidable small ‘dents appear int propellerblade, they should betmmedinelycorracted {Sldoweribed in Sooton 8 under Propels Care, Prior to takeoff trom fields above 3000 fet elevation, the mixture should be leaned to givo maximum RPM in «ful tevitle, state Tun _Aftr ft trot applied adjust the throttle frietton ook clockwise to prevent the tiroitle from cooping back from «maximum power Position. Similar friction lock adjustment shouta be made na required i ther Might conditions 10 maintain » fixed thgotle setting WING FLAP SETTINGS Normal taeofts are accomplished with wing flaps 010". Using 10 ‘wing flaps roducos th total distance over an obstacle by approximately 100. Flap defioctions grestor than 10° are net approved for akeoth. 10" ‘Wing fapa are used for tleeots, they should beet down unl al abstacles {ro leared sd a Safe fap retraction speed of 60 KIAS is reached (on s short lea, 10° wing flaps and an obstacte clearance speed of $4 IAB should be used This apees provides he st overil lin opestto Clear obstacles when taking into accownt taroulence often Tourd near found love Soft orrough teldtakootf arepertormed with 10° wing flaps by lifting aucESSNA SECTION 4 MODEL 152 NORMAL PROCEDURES the alrpane off the ground as soon as practical ina slightly til-low fiisnda, Ifo obstacioe are sbeed, the airplane should be leveled off nmediately to accelerate to highse Sb speed ‘Takeofte into strong erossoinds normally are performed with the minimum flap seilag necessary for the feld length fo mlakmize te ait {thgle inmediately stor sakead, The airplane ie accelerated to = =peed Shanty nigner tuas normal, shen pulled ei! abruply to pravent postive Entling bath io he sunway while drifting. When dest of the grout cake ‘Conoedinatea arm into the wind to cornet for drift ENROUTE CLIMB 7 ‘Normal climbs aze performed with flaps up and full throttle and at speods 81010 knots higher than eat rate-oC-clim speed for the best Sombination of performance, visibility and engine cooling. Tae mixture Should be Tull Heh below 8000 oes and mey be Lennod above 3000 feet for Smoother operation or Yo obtain maximum RPM: Por maximum rate of limbs use tho best ale-of-clmb speed shown inthe Hato Of Climbehart Jn Section 6 tan obstruction dictates the tae of x steep elim angie tae best angle-ofclimb speed should be used with flape up and maximum ower. Climbs st speeds lower than the fest rate-otelim speed ehowld be Df short duration 10 improve engine soon, CRUISE ‘Normal eruisingis prformed botwoen 0% and 79% power. Teongi [RPM and corresponding fuel consumption for various atid oat be {lstormined by using your Cesena Power Compister or thedatain Sootian Nove CCrutsingshouldbe done 165% 19 75% power until totot SGhoure hae nccumulsted or olf convertion hee stab tbe "Thi is to onmure proper seating afte singe nn fs Applicable to new engines and engines in eervice follow ing eyliner replacement ot top overnal of one oF mote ‘Tae date in Seotion 5 shows tho increased range and improved fuel ‘economy that is obtainable when operating at lower power seltings. The ‘Sse of ower power settings andthe seleotion of orutsealstudeon tebasis ‘fie mostinvorabia ing conditions are nigntionntfactorethat should os onstdored on every tp to reduce fal eoneumption, SECTION 4 cEssNa NORMAL PROCEDURES. MODEL 152 exponen | esrowrm | seerawen acreruoe | eras | wwina | xvas | eo | eras | wre ‘a wo [ea |» | me | or | wa 000 Fst wr | 6 | 1 | eo | o | m4 Figure 43. Cruise Performance Table ‘The Cruise Performance Table, figure 43, shows te tue airspeed and nautical miles por gallon during crue for various attudee and percent powers. This table should be used ax © guide, along with i ‘winds soft information, to dotermine the most favorable power setting for gives tip. 170 achieve the rocommendod loan mixture fuel consumption figures shown in Section 5, the mixture shouldbe leaned nil engine RPM pk {nd drops 25.50 RPM. At lower powers it may be necessary townrichen the ‘mixture sleghty to obtain smooth operation Carburetor ic, a evidenced by an unexplained drop in RPM, can be removed by application of fall carburetor host. Upon regaining the original RPM (with heat of) use the minimum amount of bea (oy trial and terror) to prevent tee from forming. Since the heated alr causes s reher ‘intore, readjust the mixture toting when carbureior ent i tobe seed ‘Sontinaculy tn oruise Night ‘The use of full carburetor heat Is recommended during fight in véry hreavy rain io avoid the possibilty of engine stoppage dae to exces veaar ingestion, The mintore sting shuld be readjusted for smocthest FUEL SAVINGS PROCEDURES FOR FLIGHT TRAINING OPERATIONS For best uel economy during fight taining operations, tne following procedures are recommendedCEBSNA SECTION 4 MODEL ise NORMAL PROCEDURES 1. Use 859 060% power while transitioning toand fromthe praction area (approximstely 2200-2050 APA, 2. Lean he inixture for maximum RPM during climbs sbowe 3000 foot The mistuvo may belt loaned or practicing suah maneuvers sells 5. aan ite mixture for maximum RPM during all operations at any, ‘itude, including those below SUD0 feck. when uevng 795 oF ese Nore Whon cruising at 79% of tose power, the misture may be furor leaned uncil sho RPM peaks und ropa 25:50 APM ‘ais ta eapecialy applicable to orose-countey teaining fights Yuttmay aigote practiced during transition Signet tana trom the preetice area Laing the above recommended procedures oan provide fuel savings of up so 18% when compared to typical taining operations at 9 fall Tl STALLS ‘The stall charuotaratios are conventional for the {aps up and flaps own coaaltion. The stall waraing torn produoos a steady aigual 8 to 10 Jeno boforo the actual otal le reached and vermains om unt a eitpae Hignt attingo i changed. Stal speeds for various combinations of fsp selling and bank angle are stmmarized Sn Section 5 SPINS Intentional pins are approved inthis airplane (ve Section 2). Batore tempting to perform spine, however, saveri!lierse should bo eoreflly onetdored to assure a sue light, No eping shoud be atlerapted without furat having rocelved duel ingiraotion in both pin esiice aad spin recoveries from 4 qualified instructor who fs familiar wil the spin ‘havactvitioe af the Cosena 108, The cabin should be clean and ail loose equipment (including the microphone) should be stowed: For a solo fight im which spine wil be Conducted the copilot’ seat bit and shoulder harness shoUld be wocured, Spins with baggage londings or ocupled child's seat are uot spproved. ‘The soat blis and shoulder harneaads shoud be adjusted to provide proper restraint during all anticipated fight conditions. Homevbr, care SECTION 4 cusswa NORMAL PROCEDURES MODEL 152 should be taken to ensure thatthe pilot oun oaaily reach the Hight controls fd produce maximum control vel 1 Is recommended that, where feasible, entries be sooomplishod at high enough altitude thst recoveries are comploied 4000 ctor more above [round level. Atleast 1000 foot of altitude lows should be allowed for firm spin and recovery, wiles f-tura spin and recovery may requir Somewhat moro than twice that amount. For exampl fniry altitude for a 6urn spin would be 6000 fost toove ground level {ny eae, entries should bo planed so that secoveries ave completed we ‘hove tho minimum 1300 feet above ground level required by PAR 8171 ‘Another reason for Using high altitudes for practicing spins i that [reat feld of view le provided which wll assist In taintaining pilot ‘The normal entey is mado from a powor-of stall, Ax the stall is approached, th levator control should be smoothly pulie tothe fall aft position. Just prior to reaching the stall "break", fudder contro inh Atesived direction ofthe spin rotation shovd be applied so that fll rude ‘tetieotion Is touched almost simultaneously with reaching fall aft leva tor. A sight greater rate of deceleration than fr nora stall entries or he use of partial power at the entry will assure more consistent and positive entries to the spin Doth elovator and rudder controls shoud be Fela full with the spin unt the spin recovery te initiated, An inadvertent rlaxation of ether of hese controls could result inthe development of nose-down spiral NOTE Careful atontion shouldbe taken toassure thatthe aileron ‘contol is neutral during all phases ofthe spin snes any Stleon deflection inthe direction ofthe spin tay alte the Spin characteristics by increasing the rotation rate and hanging the pith attitude For the purpose of training in spins and spin recoveries, 1 102-tuen spin adequate and should be used’ Up o2turns, the spin will progress! alin rapid rato rotation and a steep attitade: Application sf ecovery Controls will produce prompt recoveries of Irom 1/4 to 1/2 ofa turn I the spin is continued beyond the 2 ta 2-tura range, some change in eharucioe of the spin may be noted, Rotation ates may vary and some ‘daitional sidesip may be felt Normal recoveries from such extended Spins may take up to full turn or more Rogardless of how many tursthe spin is held or how itis ented, the following recovery technique sould be used 448cESSNA SECTION 4 MODEL 52 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4. VERIFY THAT AILERONS ARE NEUTRAL AND THROTTLEIS IN IDLE POSITION. 2, APPLY AND HOLD FULL RUDDER OPPOSITE TO THE DIREC. THON OF ROTATION. 2. JUST APTEN THE RUDDER REACHES THE STOP, MOVE THE CONTROL WHEEL BRISKLY FORWARD FAR ENOUGH TO BREAK THE STALL, Pull down movator may be required 2 a 4. Hou Tilsen COWMOL INPUTS UNTIL ROTATION STOPS, ‘Premacuro relaxation ofthe conttolinpute may extend the e00V 5. AS ROTATION STOPS, NEUTRALIZE RUDDER, ANDMAKE A SMOOTH RECOVERY FROM [HE RESULTING DIVE. Nove If disorientation precludes a visual determination ofthe Airection of rotation the symbolic irpiane in the turn ‘oordinator may be referred to for thir information \Varistions in baste airplane rigging or in weight and balance due to Installed equipment or evekpitocoupancy ean cause differences in betsy fon pastioslariy imextonded spins, These differences are normal andl, ‘enult in variations isthe spin characlerstios and in tho reoaverylougths {or spina of move than turna, However, ie above recovery Procedure ‘thould alsraye be used and will rutin the most expeditious recovery. from any spin Intentional spins with flaps extended are prohibit, since the high speeda whieh may occur during secovery are poeatially damaging to gp ing structure LANDING ‘Normal landing approaches oan be made with power-on or power-off atspeeds ot 60 to 0 KIAS with flaps up, and 5 06S ELAS with spedown, ‘determining the most comfortable approach speeds Actual touchdown should be made with power-off and on the mats ‘wncela ties. Tae nose whel shouldbe lowered smoothly ta fhe Tushay 8 SHORT FIELD LANDING For shortfieldlanding in smooth aironditions, makean sppeoach st SECTION « cESSNA NORMAL PROCEDURES MODEL 152 {54 LAS wits 90° laps using enough power to control the glide path. Aftor fall approach obstacles are cleared, progressively reduce povter and ‘naintala 54 KIAS by lowering the nose ofthe airplane. Touchdown should DDemade with power-off and on the main wheels first Immediately alter {oushdown, lower tenose wheel and apply heavy braking anroquired. For ‘nexium brake cfectivencss, retract teflaps, holdfellnowe-upeleratn, find apply maximum brake pressure without siding the res Slightly higher approach speeds should be weed under turbulent aie CROSSWIND LANDING When landing in a strong crosswind, use the ssinimum fap setting sequired lor the fteldTength. Use ringlow crab ora combination method ot dsif correction and land in's neatly lovel attitude BALKED LANDING {In balkod landing (go-around) climb, tho wing flap setting should be reduced to 20" immediately aftr full power is appiled. Upon reaching hfe slrapoed, the lape ahold be slowy retracted tothe Full up position. COLD WEATHER OPERATION Prior to starting with tomperstures below freening, it is advisable to pal the propelien thro Times by und to “break loose" or Pitmber” the Ol, thus conserving battery ener” Nore, ‘When pulling tho propelior through by han reat ts if the ignition switeh is suened on, Alooseorbroken ground ‘wito‘on either magneto could cao the gine to fire ‘Proneat se generally roquired seth outside air temperatures below 18°C (0"F and ie recommended whon temperstures are below °C (20°2), (Cold weathor starting procedures are as follows: ‘Wits Preneat Ignition Switen -- OFF 2. Throttle = CLOSED, 5. Mixwige - IDLE CUT-OFF, 420 changes