NORM

noun
 something that is usual, typical, or standard.
 a standard or pattern, especially of social behavior, that is typical or expected of a
group.

What are norms examples?

Some examples of general class norms are: “be a good neighbor,” “respect others
and yourself,” and “be kind.” Norms written at a specific level identify distinct
behaviors, such as “raise hand before talking,” or “walk in the hallways,” and are
usually only applicable in particular situations.

Where does this word come from? What is it it’s origin?

early 19th century: from Latin norma ‘precept, rule, carpenter's square’.

What is the role of norms in a research?

Norms maybe abstract in nature, but will be a concrete basis for research.
Norms promote the aims of research, such as knowledge, truth, and avoidance of
error. For example, prohibitions against fabricating, falsifying, or misrepresenting
research data promote the truth and minimize error.

Note:
Of course, these norms can be measured through internal and external validity,
the test for reliability, and the like; but the role of norms in research is, it provides the
information about which represent the score distribution of a test in a representative
sample, providing us the standard frame with which to compare individual scores.
Meaning this will only be the basis, but will not mean to give any conclusion
hereafter.