Lesson 3 | Rocks

ROCK CYCLE – shows the origin of the igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks and their interrelationship

3 TYPES OF ROCKS:

1. Igneous Rock
2. Sedimentary Rock
3. Metamorphic rock

IGNEOUS ROCK

- Ignis = Fire
- Formed in the volcanic activity
- Magma is molten rocks generated by partial melting of rocks in Earth’s mantle

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Sedimentary – results from uplift and weathering which are then transported and deposited in different areas

Lithification – process in which sediments transformed into sedimentary rock

Compaction – common process

1. Clastic Sedimentary Rock

2. Chemical Sedimentary Rock – rocks form from minerals that were once dissolve in water
3. Organic Sedimentary Rock – formed from the remains of living things

METAMORPHIC ROCK

Metamorphism – changing of one type of rock to another by heat, pressure, and chemical processes

Contact Metamorphism – when hot magma pushes through existing rock, the heat from the magma can change the
structure and mineral composition of the surrounding rock.

Regional Metamorphism – metamorphism that occurs over an area of thousands of square kilometers during periods of
tectonic activity

Metamorphic – came from pre-existing rocks called Parent rocks

Foliated Rocks - with visible layers

Unfoliated Rocks – without visible layers