STUDY OF OISTRIRUTION OF SIOMATA OM UPPER % howeéR SORFACE OF LEAF Ai fo_study Abe distribution of stormata on upper op lower surface of leat Natertals Required : Fresh teal of pe ptunia or any cicot leaf. neectle, blade, watch glass , petri dish, brush, safronin, forceps. water ete procedure + 4. lake epidermal peel Fons the upper Gp tower surface of teal w-And pat theno in separate watch glass containing wader 3. Take a square piece Rom each peel And stain them: A. Then they mount them. in. (ycerine on seperate glass slides tp Observe under the ealeroscope - 5, Count the numbers af stomata in the peet of upper ancl lower epicexmis of the leaf appecaing » 10. dhe microscope field: : 6 ee prepcive the sides of the jeets of. Lilly teat count the numbers oF stomata {n the | microscope fteld: observalian + In the teat of petenia ,-the numberof Slomata ts more in the lower epidermis. than jn. the upper epidermis. However. the leaf of Ully —,has_equal eprcermis_(n both the sides- sides: | scanned with Camscanneri | inference a i10_most_of the dlarse_dorsinentral_jeaves the number _oP_stomatta_is_more_in the tower epidermis than io _—the_upper_epiclermis bute bilateral leaves have— qual Rmumbers of — Stomeato_in_both the ______ epidermis. Ss scanned with CamscannerSTOOY OF PLANTS PI&MEALTS. BY PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY » ai To seperate chloroplast pigments for green fears by paper. chromatography. - Materials required: Fresh green leaves 1 maette 4 _-pestle »whatmans No-t_ filter Paper, acetone sand, beaker» spite cork, peholeuna Others etc: Procedure «Tate whatmans no -1 filler paper_as_chromato= ———-graphic_ paper use. alarge test tube as chromata- ——-.graphic_chamber» Cat ene end_of the paper to prepcure ——v! shapeal tip: Draw.atine tom aboue the base of tt ——-uasing-a_pointed_penill + Prepare a concentrated. ——extrack_of leaves by gunding leaves with Ane_sand ———Andl_acetone Filter 4p collect the filtrate in. Q@ beaker — —_toncentrate. the filter by & heating Apply a crop of - leaf extractto_the micelle portion. of the line clicus.on ——-the_chromategiaphifg paper eusing a tine capillary tebe ——+-4_solvent ie amide matt Sa an ora OF peholeum_ether and one part_hy volumeof acetone: TateSmt_of the soluent_tn_the chromatographit __ chamber Hang the chromatagraphic_ paper ta tte ___ best tube_with the help ofa split cork 1n..Stih a way that the_top of the paper just cogetter ___ —_the-eateent——Pace—thetestetrbe-tneis tibec far 0l0 30 ——ounutes._ touches the sotveatand_the spot lies about — | lem_cbowve the sotuent level. Placethe lest tube eantlisturbed lor 0 30_minutes scanned with Camscanner“= Observations = Grracuuclyy the level 4 solwent 2se5 and four PEGIONS copper On the Chromategecuphic paper of diferent Wdlours aleve oped 17 the Paper comesponad to the _ eftrent ploments “tthin the extract mark the level following farmitle. The BF eat Beach eompanent wilt ge alPRerent bong b that of the other. _ RE = Distance travelled b | the co onent . __ ane! trowelledl® by the solvent . akerence: te hsorption capi ty ¢ carotene > —_ ReniPepigll« chleroprgts , echlorcphytl 6 vartes a —..4€eps_on Seccenctiing Scene oleate TNE ascerrtlin, ____Oreler ets the chlovoplast_ pigments Ge absorbey — A clifrerent tevels on tp e chromate, ra, pte paper. — tenet Separating vasious promente = Scanned with CamScannernl compound microscope ele __ Procediue | Examine yne_ pre, shidle_tuncter- _compourd Stucliy of Mitosis In Onion Root Typ + Aten To stucly the stages of Milos. ; = aed POGUE Prepared stiles Gp roat_tips_of onivo. —+ microscope. Pry to lacctte the vaueus stages ot mitosis ——dhsewwation + the fottacwing stages of mitosis are obsenct —_.ttacler_the_mitrascope: 1 ‘ _,Prophase -Harge ancl clenaelyseaineet actos 4 Nucleot oumbrant tends to disappears — 2, Chromatin filores becom thick £ —1 {Spindle ftnres stents start to originate |_| Metaphase. | ; Chromasames_are_show_and thick cnc ave auongect ffealy Lat the equator of the cet. Macleat_ membrane anct nuctedtes aie aksent- spincte fibres ase attached at the centrome &f chrormesoms UV 4 Anaphase: | Daugnter Chromosome sepercike by, cwiston 4, the cenhomere- 2 Daughter Chromosomes move toweuds the opposite poles: “he ‘arms of the chromosomes are clirected to the equator of the cell ( es empty. _The equottor of the cell bee becom nt scanned witn Camscannera ww, Telophase 1 Two sets of chromatin Mbres are present at apposite potes af the cell 2. Reappearente of nuclear membrane and nucleolus 3. Beginning Of CYytokinesis§ : scanned with Camscanner2 Spindle shapect cells: 3 4 | E | features — __ vessels + eS pr. W®* feleniNeaton Of ‘Oiffemt Ty pes OF. Mersele,. Muscles Through Aeiraabine Shdes Features STRIATED muscle _ Shows clark anet ght Shtations _ Mulinacdeated - _tylinctucal wa shape ; KS Attachect Ones CsteletoA rresele ) 1615 abso known as votuatouy muscle NON STRIATED MUSCLE. features _No_dark and light striations | Cen Spaced nucle us, (S$ (nvotun j and founcl tn wumentary canal + blecd Org cract nna bladder and the uterus CARDIAC muscle: tress ships are wisible under the microscope. = -/_éach frbre has a muscle and One or mor branches 3 | The ends of the cells Me thetr branthes are tn very Clase contact with fhe end and banches of actyacent cells: A | These joints torn the tntercetttled olise whith appear as dik lines: 5 | carctee muscles ae exclunvety founct in Me heat worl | Muy conbact automatically nd 2 hy thr mcelty scanned with Camscannervy Human Blood Smear: ——| rs 10 prepare Pe state the blood S177eQn. puma blooe_ ee # ° ———} — ——— 7 +} yaterials Required: tierascope. couersiip + lancet. Sues. — watch glass,Split lamp. 201 aleobol_,telshmansc.ghis— _stala_ astillect water. - | Procedure < Clean your fingers with color. soaked 1o-atehel ,aiconol_Patch the tip &) the_fingers_etth + o_lancet ancl __| press it The _blocel evill_coxe out - Put a_crop.of ——_—— ___| be _blacd _on_ane_end_af_q—“clean_slide- Place _anather—— __{elecen stile swith one_end at 46° 00 the first side Gp __|bouch tise cdaop af blood - The blood_cill spread_atong the — ___|neverew _€ncl_of_the_slicle - Pusin the uppersifce tacvorras— __|the —— getc-thin_filno- let the side Put 2-3 clrop of statn on the bleacdl 1 filea_alt erp dee Aas aut the excess Skaup- __| wash the side in clistiled|_twoter- Pry the siicle acd | Obsewe the natcrascope scanned with Camscannertine | Moo cous 2 ne Grandia wre ee nucteopngyt b Racopnytt ! je Gostnophywt | Agranatay wee | a Monexusle b| tyepheey ce FEATUROS lc Hon nucteatted etocrecutar and Ingoncawe Cy CQANted CL VES PLVE thon pigment Koown ae (Ib cw) Normal count (5 © mutltonfe A, blooet a) @ranuiar cytopiasna cw) Coberl atetens CUD constilute 50° 10% of Lola amount Count CY Gieeenular tyloplasm ci) Biloped nucleus CM) ConsttULe @ +5 = Lf 6 Ibe Lolat count CW) Lovet neti ca constitute 4.gy otal count 4 Wayloplarm cwitbort oforuilen horse 4 enY constitethe 3-4 J. a (ovat count CD Clop (ccom. wwoi tout, oeu ALL, CH) Spacey Largest Nudes CO BHaNutOL captopters ws C1 target @ the WRC with hoe Shape nuctew 4, WBC wilh Maunes, *Gurap 7 th, | “pony,| Nutley | Sf Orvens Catto CUD Constitute ge «33 +/+ ne botat count: scanned with Camscannerrv - q suentlICANOD OF Presence of Sugar Album, Pitesctths | urea 10 UNINC -Sample to test the presence 4 { sugar In Udine eens To tes fie VANE prerennce 4 Sugar un urine somepls seuwamol(’s reagen bes » spat 2 aie e- chroppes : j q 4 watemol re uy UAL sane, Benecticts reagent - | + Boil_for odrvinutes and|to Brick red _jswoyan A, setiwenot£s reagent. sce | appears. | [Boil the contents —____ —______| Presence + ___| Gructose 8 corFiamed scanned witn GamgfdnnerTEST POR ALgunt. Ton To Lest the, non Aime Presence J ounumio win he {a J - - ae mabenola 1eQuuinedl «Yasin, oc HNOs , te. a Sulplooscrticus te cone BND s 1 best + Spiri tampa, cropper’ ete — \ scanned with Camscannerobsewation Table Test sutphosauicytre aceel ee Tare amt & writ and add @ crop oF Stulpho~ sateytre amid: Nitric claw ving Lest ag whe ring ak | wnte rin the junction G | andicakes thy two Lopes Presence F ath, ! ®& confiimeg. | Tare Smt G, NOs 19. test tube Adtct a few aaop 4 wuint trough ane side & best tube scanned witn Camscanner