Words Family words and Family words and collocations

collocations
TYPE OF Company (n) keep sb company Steve and Noah are always together, they definitely
FRIEND enjoy sb’s company enjoy each other’s __________.
accompany (v) + sb (company/factory/combination)
Children must be ____accompanied_________ by
adults to be allowed in.
friend friendship Mai is my ____lifelong__________ friend. (life)
(un)friendly I only told the secret to my _____trustworthy_______
friend. (trust)
Jack is only a ____fair-weather____ friend. There is no
sign of him when we are in trouble. (weather)
Acquaint (v) acquaintance We are only _____acquaintances___________.
acquainted (adj) (acquaint)
You should make ____acquainted_______ with the
new neighbour.
Residents should acquaint themselves _with____
earthquake safety rules. (with/to)
PERSONAL generous(adj) generosity We admire his ____generous_________ donation to
TRAITS generously the fund.
One personality trait that Mary loves in Peter is his
____generosity____________.
sociable(adj) society In almost all primitive _____societies__________,
social(adj) volcanoes have been regarded with fear.
anti-social (adj) Jack loves to ____socialize with_____________ guests
socialize (v) at the event.
sociability
reserved(adj) reserve (v) English people are widely known for being
= introverted reservation ____reserved_____.
I would like to ___reserve_______ a table for two.
We can make online ____reservations___________ to
save time.

honest(adj) (dis)honesty ______Honestly______ speaking, your idea still has

dishonest (adj) many flaws.
honestly The new employee was dismissed due to
_______dishonesty_________.

help (un)helpful=> helpfulness The shop is crowded thanks to its _____helpfulness =

helpless => helplessness sự niềm nở________.
USEFUL native(adj) nation What is your _______nationality___________?
WORDS nationality The sporting event receives
AND national/nationwide (adj) ____national/nationwide____________ coverage.
EXPRESSIO nationwide (adv) These fish are native ___to___________ North
NS America.
admire admirable (adj) Trung has ___admirable____________ qualities of an
admiration athlete such as decisiveness and quick reflexes.
Since my childhood I have nourished much admiration
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 for astronauts.
prefer preference My father had a _____preference_________ for red
preferable (adj)= better wines.
In warm weather, clothes made of natural fabric are
_____preferable_________.
My sister prefers ___cyclying_________
to____swimming_________. (cycle – swim)
spend spend time on st/with I spend two hours a day __with___ my father.
sb/ doing st She spent two hours __on___ that film.
Don’t spend too much money ___on____ those
unnecessary things.
strong strength (n) Doing sports is one of the best ways to
strengthen (v) _____strengthen_____ your body. (strong)
agree agreeable (adj) My parents are agreeable __to____ my plan to study
disagreement abroad. (to/with)
agreement (n) There is still some _____disagreement___________
over the effectiveness of herbal therapy.
regular regularly (adv) Children are required to attend school
irregular _____regularly___________.
regulation (n) Hotel kitchens must comply with hygienic
________regulations__________.
get on/along get on well with sb I soon got __on/along_____ well with other
get along well with sb roommates.
seem + v to inf The rainbow seems ___to appear______ behind the
+ adj (important, strange) mountains. (appear)
+ like + noun The test doesn’t seem as ___easy______ as I expected.
+ as if + clause (ease)

It seems __like___ a good idea. (as/like)

It seems __as if___ she has no more patience left. (as
if/like)
real realize She never ___realized_______ her ambition of winning
realistic an Olympic gold medal. (real)
You need to be ______realistic = thực tế______ with
your goals. (real)
common have st/nothing ___ Although they are friends, they have nothing __in__
common common.
touch lose touch with I __stayed/kept___ touch with my friends from high
get in touch with school, although we graduated five years ago.
keep/stay in touch with

eye see eye to _eye___ with I want to move to the city but my mother doesn’t agree
sb about st= agree with me. (eye)
 My mother doesn’t __see eye to eye with me
about moving to the city
____________________
keep a sharp eye on You should __keep__ an eye on Janet to make sure
sb/st she’s working.
keep an eye on sb/st
fire get on like a _house___ I like my new roommate! We have a lot of same
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 on fire: like each other's interests and get on like a _____ on fire.
company and become (car/house/shop) rôm rả
friends very quickly.

PRACTICE

1. Multiple choice questions

1. She was _____ she could not say anything.

A. so surprised at the news that B. such surprised at the news that
C. so surprised of the news that D. so that surprised for the news
2. British and Australian people share the same language, but in other respects they are as different as _____.
A. cats and dogs B. chalk and cheese C. salt and pepper D. here and there
3. My friend and I have the same _____ in music.
A. taste B. type C. genre D. liking
4. Can you play any musical instrument? – I can play ___________ guitar.
A. a B. an C. the D. O
5. Teenagers gave a _____________ to imitate their idols, and collect their pictures as a hobby.
A. way B. trend C. pay D. show
6. _________ you ever ________ the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
A. Have – been B. Would – be C. Would – have been D. Had – been
7. “We’re going to the seaside.” “Can ___________?”
A. I come as well B. also I come C. I too come D. I as well come
8. Does that name __________ to you?
A. ring a bell B. break the ice C. foot the bill D. fall into place
9. Jamie was _______ excited to sit still for long.
A. very B.so C.too D. much
10. Tickets are ___ expensive that I don’t think I’ll go and see that opera.
A. so much B. so C. such a lot D. such
11. Only a few of the children were brave enough _______ closer.
A. for coming B. in order to come C. come D. to come
12. How much do they _______ you?
A. earn B. pay C.wage D.win
13. We can sometimes hear him _______ his guitar in his garden.
A. played B. playing C. to play D. plays
14. Wait _______the film’s over before telling me what you think of it.
A. until B. before C. for D. to
15. The success of that book _______ him to write another one.
A. made B. could C.encouraged D. should
16. _______ the rain, they continued to work in the garden.
A. Although B. In spite C. Despite D. Whatever
17. Although this was his first visit to the town, the friendly atmosphere made him feel _______.
A. at once B. at last C. in house D. at home
18. He doesn’t _______ to take a holiday this summer.
A. suppose B. design C. determine to do st = cương quyết làm gì D. plan
19. Take my _______, young man, and don’t drive so fast.
A. notice B. advertisement
C. lesson D. advice
20. A power failure completely _______ the cake she was baking.
A. damaged B. weakened
C. spoiled D. injured
21. Unless my room is warmer tonight, I’m going to _______ to the hotel manager.
A. argue B. complain
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C. pretend D. sympathise
22. The driver admitted that the accident was partly his own _______.
A. cause B. damage C.blame D.fault
23. The doctor doesn't allow his _______ to smoke in the waiting room.
A. customers B.members
C. patients D.supporters
24. He was _______of his son’s success in the competition.
A. honourable B.proud C.eager D.superior
25. I didn’t see the end of the film because I _______ asleep.
A. felt B. felled C. went D.fell
26. All my friends agreed to come, _______ from James.
A. only B. accept C. except D. apart
27. If you feel thirsty, help _____ to a drink.
A. yourself B. you C. your D. themselves
28. The table was so heavy I could _______ lift it.
A. hardly B. even C. almost D. nearly
29. The little money David has will not be enough to pay ___ the dictionary.
A. for B. at C. with D. O
30. I am hoping _______ the problem before the end of this month.
A. to solve B. for solving C. solve D.solving
31. Baby birds depend _______ their parents for food.
A. for B. by C. of D.on
32. Swimming in polluted water can _______ health problems.
A. cause B. arise C. result D.make
33. It’s difficult to tell from his face what is going on in his _______.
A. thought B. spirit C.intellect D.mind
34. If you _____ a mistake, put it right neatly.
A. have B.do C.make D.get
35. Despite a large increase in the price of cigarettes, Brian has been unable to stop _______.
A. to smoke B. the smoke C. smoke D. smoking
36. I won’t pay you today _______ you finish the work.
A. without B.unless C.except D.don’t
37. He arrived for work _______ that the manager sent him home again.
A. too late B.very late
C. so late D.much later
38. It was _______ serious accident he was kept in hospital for a month.
A. such B.such a C.so D.so a
39. No one helped him; he did it _______.
A. himself all B. by himself all
C. by all himself D.(all)(by) himself = on his own
40. They explained__________him how they should operate the machine.
A. to B. with C. for D. about
41. The twins look so__________their father.
A. like B. likely C. unlike D. alike

A & B LOOK ALIKE

A LOOK LIKE B

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 EMPHATIC SENTENCES
CLEFT SENTENCES C U H H
1. SUBJECT FOCUS H H CH

If SUBJECT is personal, we have It was/is SUBJECT who/that + verb

If SUBJECT is impersonal, we have It is/ was SUBJECT that + verb
1. My mother loves me most.
� It is my mother that/ who loves me most.
2. That experience taught us a lesson.
� It was that experience that taught us a lesson.

EXERCISES
1. My father usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
�It is my father who/that usually complains ...
2. Her boyfriend gave her a bunch of roses last week.
� It was her boyfriend that gave her a bunch of roses ...
3. Our English teacher is the greatest teacher in the world.
� It is our English teacher who/that is …..
4. The earthquakes destroyed everything in the area two years ago.
� It was the earthquake that destroyed …..
5. My recent computer helps me a lot in preparing tasks for my students.
� It is my recent computer that helps me a lot ..
6. y students’ bad behavior made me sad yesterday morning.
� It was my students’ bad behavior that made ….

2. OBJECT FOCUS H HT
It + is/ was + OBJECT + that + Subject + Verb

1. Sally took Mike to the party last night.

� It was Mike that Sally took to the party last night.

EXERCISES
1. My younger sister always keeps her doll carefully.
� It is her doll that my younger sister always keeps carefully.
2. The company granted us a scholarship for the course.
� It was a scholarship for the course that the company granted us.
3. My wife gave this T-shirt to me on my last birthday party.
� It was this T-shirt that my wife gave to me on ….
4. My father loves to listen to folk music in his free time.
� It is folk music that my father loves to listen to in his free time.

3. ADVERBIAL FOCUS H HT T
It + is/ was + ADVERBIAL + that + clause
In informal English when, or where can be used instead of that.

1. We often gather for our study at her house.

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 � It is at her house that / where we often gather for our study.
2. Their family separated during the war.
� It was during the war that / when their family separated.

EXERCISES
1. We were born in Austria.� It was in Austria that we were born.
2. We often gather for dinner in this restaurant.� It is in this restaurant that we often gather for dinner.
3. He bought the book from that corner shop.� It was from that corner shop that he bought the book.
4. She bought him a present at the shop.� It was at the shop that she bought him a present.
5. The meeting started at 8.00 a.m.� It was at 8.00 am that the meeting started.
6. We all bought those things from Susu shop.� It was from Susu shop that we bought those things.
7. He met his wife in Britain.� It was in Britain that he met his wife.

4. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE FOCUS

It + is/ was + PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE + that + clause
My husband repaired the bicycle for our nephew.
 It was for our nephew that my husband repaired the bicycle.

1. You should get out of that habit for your own benefit.
� It is for your own benefit that you should get out of that habit.
2. The Smiths redecorated the apartment with the aims of selling for a higher price.
� It was with the aims of selling for a higher price that the Smiths redecorated ...
3. Jack solved that problem by using a calculator.
� It was by using a calculator that Jack solved that problem.

CLEFT SENTENCES (SUBJECT/ OBJECT/ ADVERD)

1. The boy spent his holiday in a seaside village last month.
� It was in a seaside village that he spent his holiday last month.
2. Sally received a letter of acceptance from the university yesterday.
� It was a letter of acceptance that Sally received from the university ..
3. The clown’s presence at the party excited the children.
� It was the clown’s presence at the party that excited the children.
4. My mother bought me this watch on my 15 birthday party.
th

� It was on my 15th birthday party that my mother bought me this watch.

5. The match was cancelled due to a snow storm.
� It was due to a snow storm that the match was cancelled.

5. EMPHATIC SENTENCES WITH QUESTION WORD ‘WHAT’, ALL, THE ONLY THING,
THE REASON (WHY), THE DAY (WHEN)
Ex: Mike took Sally to the party
What Mike did was (to) take Sally to the party.

6. IT WAS NOT UNTIL …. THAT

IT WAS/IS NOT UNTIL + Ệ H ĐỀ + THAT + MỆNH ĐỀ

IT WAS/IS NOT UNTIL + ỐC THỜI IA + THAT + MỆNH ĐỀ
= NOT UNTIL + Ệ H ĐỀ// ỐC THỜI IA + ĐẢO NGỮ MỆNH ĐỀ 2
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Ex: It was not until he arrived home safely that his mother went to sleep.
= Not until he arrived home safely did his mother go to sleep.

1. When the management board promised a pay rise the workers went back to their factory.
It was not until the management board promised a pay rise that the workers went back to their factory.
2. The number of thefts in the neighborhood didn’t begin to decrease until cameras were installed.
It was not until cameras were installed that the number of thefts in the neighborhood began to decrease.
Not until cameras were installed did the number of thefts in the neighborhood begin to decrease.
3. We won’t accept the application until December.
It is not until December that we will accept the application.
Not until December will we accept the application.
4. The president resigned, and then the strike ended.
It was not until the president resigned that the strike ended.
Not until the president resigned did the strike end.
5. We do not plan to open a new branch until this one earns profit.
It is not until this branch earns profit that we plan to open a new one.

FURTHER PRACTICE
1. The reason why Sebastian left the job was long working hours
2. This is where we have to wait
3. The person who started the strike was Jennifer.
4. It isn't his dedication that I'm questioning, but it is the effectiveness of the plan.
5. What the company has imposed is a ban on private emails.
6. All we want is to be refunded.
7. The reason why they moved to another state was the climate.
8.The first thing we check is all the insurance details.// The first thing we do is (to) check all the insurance
details.
9. The only thing we didn’t inherit was the house.
10. The last thing we did was (to) switch off all the lights.

1. The company has imposed a ban on private emails.

WHAT
� ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. The only thing we want is to be refunded.
ALL
� ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. They moved to another state because of the climate.
REASON
� ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. First of all we check all the insurance details.
FIRST THING
� ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. We inherited everything except the house.
THE ONLY
� ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Before leaving we switched off the lights.
LAST
� --------------------------------------------------------------------------