BIOCHEMISTRY

RIVERA, ZYRENE MAY C.

BSN-1

SEARCH FOR ONE DISEASE RELATED TO:

1.respiratory acidosis
2. Respiratory alkalosis
3. Metabolic acidosis
4. Metabolic alkalosis

Pls provide an explanation of their relationship

Pseudorespiratory alkalosis
Low arterial Pco2 and high pH in mechanically ventilated patients
with extreme metabolic acidosis due to inadequate systemic perfusion
are known as pseudorespiratory alkalosis (eg, cardiogenic shock,
during CPR [cardiopulmonary resuscitation]). Mechanical breathing
(often hyperventilation) reduces larger-than-normal levels of alveolar
carbon dioxide, resulting in pseudorespiratory alkalosis (CO2).
Exhalation of significant quantities of CO2 produces respiratory
alkalosis of arterial blood (hence ABG measurements), but cellular
acidosis is caused by inadequate systemic perfusion and cellular
ischemia, resulting in venous blood acidosis. In patients whose ABG
measurement indicates respiratory alkalosis, diagnosis is made by
demonstrating marked variations in arterial and venous Pco2 and pH, as
well as elevated lactate levels; therapy is to increase systemic
hemodynamics.

The rate and severity of Pco2 loss determine the symptoms and
signs. Light-headedness, nausea, periphery and circumoral
paresthesias, cramps, and syncope are all symptoms of acute
respiratory alkalosis. Changes in brain blood pressure and pH are
believed to be the mechanism. Carpopedal spasm can occur in extreme
cases as a result of reduced levels of ionized calcium in the blood
(which is pushed within cells in exchange for hydrogen ion [H+]).
Chronic respiratory alkalosis is usually asymptomatic, with no obvious
symptoms.