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    Final Evaluation

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    Muhammad Aamer

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    TRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS DEPARTMENT Ol Comments of Supervisor Coed tea for final quer pope Project belongs to one of the following area Control and Embedded [. Communication CJ Power [VY] IT Signature of Supervisor CE ae Signature of Students ; Rint DB, uit Project Cell Department of Electronics & Electrical Systems Department of Electronics & Electrical Systems (Suggested Evaluation by the Faculty ) Project Title: [Oever Pfeneratirn threngh Gpecal Lreake-. Evaluator Name: Glkomr Stubbs Designation: Ledarer- BSEES Olls(e02 IBEES SlZ/066 Hardware/Software implementation (30) [Technical Knowleze \30) [Documentation 20) Presentation 10) Participation (10) [Tota Marks Jcvo0 Letter Grade GraiigFay Comments if An G We7k ee ea Bt 75-79 ge 65-69 ‘Signature of Evaluator with Date : t \\ yey ~~ yD 55--59 Project Tite: [Reve Evaluator Name : Tabe'r Department Genemtion Ths (Suggested Evaluation by the Faculty: Aevough Speed breaker, Designat REEES cliR/oQ) on: lak eyneer Name & Reg. No lardware/Software implementation (30) hetafa Toor BEEES ONZ 1600 frechnical Knowlege 30) Documentation (20) Presentation cio) Participation (10) fTrotal Marks (100) Letter Grade Comments if Any {| Signature of Evaluator with Date : GradingPolicy Z Grade_| Marks A | §5— 100 AS we | 7s—79 B_ | 70-7 Cc | 669 Cc | =e she pe | ss=59 D__ | so=s9 F | Below 50 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND El Project Tit POWER RATION THROUGH FEED BREAKER Teacher Name: SCTRICAL S) uw. ALKUAN coe 5 Second |] Thied |] Fourth [_] | | ~ Tasks | Remarks - [1 In the first month we collected the required a components. » Ww Ww 2. We done the mechanical set up for speed | | areal ad | breaker. Fo | 3. Mechanical setup include rack and pinion mechanism and chain sprocket. | 4. We attached the dynamo with speed breaker and |e its working with DMM. | | | | | Teacher's Signature:- 2 _ an q | Student Signature:- a ‘nud | Dam DEPARTMENT OF El RONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYST! [ Project POWER GENERATION THROUGH SPEED. BREAKER Teacher Nami MUHAMMAD WISAL KHAN 2, We have a DC rechargeable battery of 12V 7Ah giving supply to the whole circuit 3. Next we soldered all the components on the veroboard with the help of schematic diagram. ‘Month:- First |] Second Third |] Fourth [_] Tasks Remarks 1. We attached all the components like Arduino, - LCD, resistors, diodes, capacitors, LDR, etc. on Lt the veroboard. glut o Teacher's Signature:- Student Signature;- helo DEPARTME;! Project Title:~ TRICAL SYSTEMS ‘Teacher Name:- [Mon 5 1 Tasks ~~ Remarks T. We made code for Arduino in Arduino software (IDE). 4 aloe Fe olive 2. In codding we give instructions to Arduino for ed fet performing following three functions. ay i.To show the battery voltage status and Dynamo voltage on LCD. “To prevent battery from over charging. iii-To automate load. 3. Set the functions related to the LCD brightness. 4, Now we connect load of 20W. Each LED of 1OW, and make it functional Teacher's Signature: oe clol> Dre Student Signature:- [ Project Vink POWER GENERATION THROU ‘Teacher Name: MUHAMMAD W {CTRONICS AND TRICAL SYST. /Month:- First |] Second |_| Thi Tasks 1. Our project is functional and ready except to look like a model of speed breaker. 2. For this we use two flat wood pieces of Same with four legs attached each with the breaker in between them. 3. We pasted different colour of sheets to complete the road model. 4, Our project is ready to present. Teacher Signature:= oe Student Signature:- Lived DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS RATION THROUGH SPEED KER AND FOOTSTEPS POWER GE BRE, BS Project Proposal Supervised by: Mr. Muhammad Wisal Khan Advisee: BSEES-01181003 BSEES-01181006 Zia Uddin Mustafa Tanveer Department of Electronics and Electrical Systems The University of Lahore DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS | nite Power Generation Through Speed Breaker And Footsteps (2. Group D ils "Roll No Name Contact Number Email ~ BSEESOI181003 | Zia Uddin (03165506912 jasyed232@ email.com BSEESO1 161007 | Mustafa Tanveer 03174427617 Tmustafatanveer@gmail.com | [2 Internal Advisor: | Name: Muamumad Wisl Khan Designation: Assistant Professor Contact: Email only Email: muhammad.wasil@es.uol.edu.pk 2.2 Funding/Sponsoring Organization (if am NA 2.3 Project Type(Please mark Hl) New -xtension/Modification to previous Project (if yes, speci 24 Nature of Project(Please mark @ @Simulation-based Eitardware-based DEPARTMNT OF ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS Abstract: Electricity is gem ated by replacing the usual speed breakers with some simple mechanism. As vehicles pass over the speed breakers, rack and pinion mechanism \works and with the help of high-tension springs in tum generate electricity, This tricity as the number of vehicles is ever method is an effective way to produc increasing. It can be effectively placed near toll plazas, parking lots and other A tack and pinion, spring locations where density: of vehicles is. very hi assembly mechanism is provided which tansfer the motion to a DC motor/generator for electricity generation. This method provides a cost-effective ‘way to generate electricity from the mechanical energy of dynamic vehicles on roads. Similarly, the production of eletie power from the footstep movement ofthe ing walking gives the mechanical power ted by the footstep and by peoples and the pressure exerted duri transformation into electrical power as the pressure exer using transducersis basically called as "Foot step power generation system". Power is produced by the power generating floor and it is basicaly the production of ray from kinetic energy. As today electricity demand is increasing electrical ene by using the traditional power ‘and it is unable to overcome this global issue generating sources, Demand and supply gap the mor issue of energy crisis. The main aim is to overcome the power ersis throughout the world although it is not enough to fulfill over excessive demand of electrical energy but it will be able to change and decrease reliance on old method of generating electricity, We can rnerate | megawatt of power if we have & 100 floor, as we are able to model a roduction floor which ean generate Up mnt and itis capable to generate 10 fed on road side footpath, parks and jogsi port etc, and have great impact of th te vos 10 1000 watt on just twelve footsteps ‘means one It can be install public places, ai difference in the elect 120 footsteps. }000w power for ji jing tracks and many other and will create great rical power generation system. Abstract 5.1.1 Rack And Pinion Mechanisn 52 6. 7. 8. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AD ble of Contents Introduction. Literature Revie! Problem Statement Proposed System: Methodology Speed Bump Power Generator: Foot Step Power Generator: Power Generation Through Speed Breaker and Footsteps Block Diagra Research Timetable / Schedule: References... iii DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 1. Introduction This project include: e his project includes number of simple setup and component that is installed under the alking or standing 1m their bod: walking of standing platform. When person walk or stand on this platform their body weight esses the se . ight compresses the setup of system which tends to rotates a dynamo and current stored in dry battery and while the power producing platform is over crowded with moving population, energy is produced is high. More movement of people will generate more energy. This whole human foot energy being wasted, if it can be made possible to use this energy, it will become great power producing platform and will be very useful energy sources in crowded places. This method generates the electricity without polluting environment. The source of energy is continuous and renewal. During last few decades, electrical energy is the basic requirement of human beings. The ratio of electricity requirement is increasing day by day. But we know that the resources The inereasing for power generation are limited, and this has caused the energy cr power demand results reduce in conventional resourees for power generation and increase the pollutants emissions. It is a need of time to think about non-conventional energy resources or renewable energy resources which are eco-friendly to the environment. In order to minimize the emission of greenhouse gases, renewable energy technologies are Solar and wind technologies are frequently used widely used for electricity generation for electricity generation. Speed-breakers are movement quieting devices generally introduced to decrease speed Frances Speed breakers are intended to be rolled over at a foreordained related agreeable rate while bringing on surpassing inconvenience at higher rates. The diminishment in normal vehicular speed essentially enhances the security of individuals in the neighboring territories. Th Consequently, speed-breakers are regular ind Pakistan. The flow of traffic on rushed load is ese devices are most common in developing countries [1]. numerous developing countries, including India, Chile, Egyptian Empire, Ghana a conteol by te use of Speed Breakers. The annual rate of motor vehicle growth in Pakistan is increasing day by day. The weight of veicls in erm of potential energy ean be utilized for electricity generation purpose inthis paper, we developed a method of generating electricity using speed breaker on the roads. To obtain maximum power, the flow of 2. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS movi ig Vehicles is very j ' . ' very important, In this mechanism, a rack and pinions are used. This mechanism converts the kinet ; ‘ converts the kinctic energy of moving vehicles into electric energy with the help of speed breaker on the roads, Th is generating a descent amount of power by using downward as well as the upward motion of rack. Downward motion is caused by load and upward motion is due to restoring force utilizing store power in spring. Literature Review According to T.R. Deshmukh paper deals with design and modeling of parts of the model of the foot step power generation system using 3d modeling software Creo. This process consists number of simple setups that is installed under the walking or standing platform. Project system works on the principle of converting the year motion because to pressure of footsteps into rotating motion by rack and pinion arrangement. This mechanism fails if there is any occurrence of variable load leads to balancing type problems Power is not generated during return movement of rack, [2] Sasank shekhar Panda’s paper is based on crank shaft; fly wheel, and gear arrangement, This type of footsteps power generation eligible to be installed in crowded places and rural areas. Thus this isa very good syste! technology to provide effective solution to power related problems to affordable extent. This will be the most acceptable means of providing power to the places that involves difficulties of transmission. Maintenance and lubrication is required time to time [3]. Miss Methane state that Piezoclectric materials having crystalline structure. They can convert energy mechanical energy in the electrical energy and viee versa, The produced electri from piezoelectric erystal is very low in the order of 2-3 volts and is stored in battery to not possible to charge 12v battery through erystal output. To charge controller, since i increase the voltage, the boost converter circuit is used. Comparison between various piezo clectric material shows that PZT is superior in characteristis. Also, by comparison it was found that series- parallel combination connection is more suitable. The weight applied on the tile and corresponding voltage generated i studied and they are found to have linear relation, I is especially suited for implementation in erovded areas [4]. Jose Ananth Vino state that project using simple drive mechanism which include rack and pinion assembly and chain drive mechanism. The conversion ofthe pressure or force energy into electrical energy, There is no need of power from the mains and these system is ecofriendly. It is DEPARTMENT OF [51 AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS. RONIC: very usefil at the crowded crowded pl step which lace: 11 on all roads and as well as all kind of fo is used to generate the clectricit Bencrate the electric on is required time to time, Maintenance and lubric The thought of generating elected ted from South Aftica, where, br any iy basically man felt the need for a sing on ion of electricity without compro resources. For this purpose, he Pam i i: purpose, he thought of an idea anc! also brought into existence, the working model of thi dea. His s lea was to gencrate electricity using speed breakers. These speed breakers use the e js peed breakers use the concepts of physies to convert the kinetic energy possessed by the vehicles running on the road into electrical energy, eventually generating electrieity. This is where the plot for eneray generating speed breakers was laid, lateron, IIT Guwahati ation of the took over this project to overcome its limitations. ‘The practical implems nd the result of the few places electricity generating speed breaker has been very less fe been many surveys {0 il where it is implemented is still not known, Although, there fad jion of this idea. One such survey was done by the Tar support the implement e electricity board. According to this survey, the electricity consumed by a remote villa for 45 days is equal to the electricity consumed by all the street lights in one night in Chennai city. By this scenario, we can get an idea of the rate by which electricity is being yereasing day by day. Electricity and consumed in India, also, this consumption rate power can be ealled as the backbone for development and modernization of the country and therefore, the rapid speed of development has led to a constant inerease in the rate of ‘The figures also show a rapid electricity consumption. nerease in the electricity consumption in India from the year 2014 to 2017, whereas it was | 49kwh in the year 2017. Taking, the electricity consumption per capita of India in the year 2014 was 805.60kwh, itis mandatory that cither consumption of electri wsed. The consumption of must to consideration this situation, he generation of electricity must be incr ed only to a certain limit, beyond this vation, the amount of electricity conserved will be in very small be reduced or # t the development can be electricity ean be reduc hampered. But, by conse! amount, hence, increasing the generation of electricity is the right option. Now, this iors ln goosection of aside would Sasa oe and more use of conventional eae ih nln ees electricity without + at least using conventional resources in very small using conventional resources 5.1 DEPARTMENT OF RTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS amount, Here the Eleet \e Electticity genes ry gon iy as ittcan ating speed! breaker would be perfect to app generate electticity wi i ¥y Without using any of the conventional resources, Problem Statement Some developing countri shaven es several hours of dal in almost all cities and villagers, f ation oad shedding due to uneven demand for electr eal ity with the electric power genera jeveloped countries use gasoli ped countries use gasoline electric generator and IPS (Instant power supply) atthe ator due to power homes during the power-cut. Industry and IT hubs also use standby ge crisis. Which makes noise pollution and costly as compare to other poe isis of power. method, This system ultimately intensifies the Proposed System: Use of non-conventional resources to overcome the losses and use them efficiently Economically cheap as compared to other expensive power generation methods such itis also diesel engines or petrol engines. This system is pollution and noise f Environment friendly. Methodology: The system may consist of the following sections are described below. Speed Bump Power Generator: The principle of speed-bump power genersto energy ehicles pass over the speed-bumps rs is fundamentally based on converting the netic and potential energies are Speed sal components, kinetic and potential energies to clectr produced from the vertical dis bumps are built from mechanical and electrical components. The mechanics ler whose center is attach shed gear is engaged will ‘on, the rotor shaft is linke placement when ¥ ed to a shaft that carries a meshed gear, The include a roll aforementioned me: fh another meshed gear whose center is fixed toa rotor shaft. In additi the rotor shafl rotates upon P sd to.adymamo that generates power when e basis of the speed bump assing vehicles over the roller system is the mechanical mechanism since it dictates the changeable amount of energy st mechanisms used in speed bumps are the roller, the The most common and efic ceranck-shafi, the magnetic and the rack-and-pinion. DEPARTMENT OF T OF ELECTRONICS AND FLECTRICAL SYSTEMS Rack And Pinion Mechanism: his machine member converts recip ain rocating motion into rotary motion, The tational power is stored in flywhe P Ny wheel & flywheel rotates dynamo, which generates electricity. Wher vehicle moves on the speed bre: peed breaker, the rack will be pushed down, The eack is attached free WI © pini sith free wheel type pinion which rotates in one direction only. The rack & pinion ther Jement convert re vert reciprocating motion into rotary motion. This rotary meton ' agnificd by using chain & magnified by using chain & sprocket drive. The output of pulley is attached swith My wh sctricity with 2 which stores Kinetic energy and transfer to dynamo which gener cost. 5,2 Foot Step Power Generator: Piezoclectric Sensor Piezoelectric Sensor uses piezoelectric effect to measure al energy signals. Itisa substantial tool pressure oF mechanical energy by converting all of it to electri hh modulus of wg cause, It has very hi 10 W0e6 Nis cy. This phenomenon is not that could be used for the measurement of vary Additionally. clastcity compared 10 other metals and it goes uP piezoclectric sensors are rugged, have high natural frequet affected to Electromagnetic fields and other radiations. ‘The piezo sensors can be installed in wo possible combinations: # Series Connection ion # Parallel Conne When the sensors are connected ina series combination it emanates an increased voltae output but that voltage #5 not On & near scale. On the other hand, when a parallel nthe voltage output. dnd not produce a sa¥sfBtOny UPSUS {Hel and series connect comers are combination is implement vamation of both part fy current density. Springs st US rs at the center oft ion is utilized for producing voltage Ian amalj placed on the secon tile output vwith hi! he tile in 5 x6 pattern. A similar tile is placed on ‘equivalent to the senso! foot. ibe pressed by the a Breaker And Footsteps Spee! the former tile so that i 6. Power Generation Through Block Diagram? xJ. We use two methods for ‘everything need 1 Be con Here's a block diagram of how First one is thr0" ind one is footsteps. Here yh spd breaker an Be se power generation. TRONICS AND Ei RICAL SYSTEMS. we use Microcontroller (Ardui (Arduino) to perform different functions like to avoid battery of overcharging , to automate ; mate load(street light) and to display reading like voltage level and steps count. FACKRPNION ANDCHAN seROCKET mau ARRANGEUENT ¥ ccrooc euck ko ‘woecoss |) SMT (srmcct UH 10 (——]_CROCONTROLLER —_} PRIOELECTA ATERAL (OGENERATOR Figure 1: Block Diagram 7. Research Timetable / Schedule: + Discuss the project with supervise & Co-supervisor. * Study the basics of Power generation. * Study the problems that mostly occur in * Study how to implement. power generation. * Study the basics of optimization. * Study the conventional optimization. * Design the computational model. * Simulation results and report write-UP- 6 DEPARTMENT ¢ . “AL SYSTE. TRONICS AND ELECTRICAL S) Project Time Schedule No tz Project Time qanle — ih ” o UTS TST SP [ie [os [i M186 [7g tna [ya [se dr | _ | Ere 1 ae of | 1 a t 1 i |! — t L : ee | | 4 DEPARTMENT OF EI g, References tha, and NS Julie Joa Materials Today Santhiya, M., M. Keerthika, M, Shobana, R. pievoeleetrie sensor used power generation through footstep: Proceedings (2020). 2018. Electrical Power Generation Using Footsteps European Scientific 5) Mahmud, | Journal, '4(21), pp-318-328. 2h, Alok Kumar, et al 1 Journal of Innovations. in Eng} trough speed breaker 1g_and Technology a mechanism." Internationa! (JIET) 2.2 (2013): 20-2: [5] Ullah, Kafi Mohammad, et al. through speed breaker.” 2016 Icctrical power generation neering, (ICECE). IEEE, oth International Conference on Electrical and Computer E1 2016. {6} Kharche, Laukik, et al. "speed bre cer power generation.” Intemational research journal of engineering and technology 6.2 (2019): 2973-2979. DEPARTMENT OF fy “CTRONICS ANI RONICS AND “TRICAL SYSTEMS vxame skola T . _ eat ‘a Tanuis | Zita ude. din _ its 60S aration 5 : : tines Powe? noe gatTille (Palo 2 (remeration chrewgh speed Bre taken ‘mments: For office use only DApproved with major comments GJ Rejected Approved] Approved with minor comments \ame of a Member Evaluating the Proposal: Tai Lys Spnature of a Member Evaluating the Proposal: _( ahaa Date of Approval/ Rejection: —_———— yr pEPARTMENT OF ELEC; ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS, woe Murtala Tamu | Zic vA -din aon BslecdollBlor 6 beleedjotl’@looS aloo 5. sitle: Power en: F cation thresh 2Pe a " eotateps ees APead bes an — For office use only ow lle aaag Suge “Jag bly 20a es ie _ | PE Cig Laue te be food | ,£ sequel heh iivesatles hee SES ted | 3) Generac Liay—eslmnattion te eto mnanele| | comments GJ Rejected | Approved with major Expr Glan S hobby | ¢. | Saature of a Member Evaluating the P . SE ‘eof Approval/ Rejection: ofibL | rigproved fe/Approved with minor comments ating the Proposal: _ ‘ane of a Member E roposal: The University of Lahore Department of Electronics and Electrical Systems. Enrollment W21 Registration No. sash ud dn 9 is TEA NeBlock, Model Town, Lahore~ «54 00, Punjab, Pakista asyed232@grailcom ON re BSEESON81003, AA, N-Block, Mode! Town, Lahore ° - 54700, Pun} es165505812 | Enrollment | 5 crits |__ Reg Dato Section esign Project | WrFeb-202t Tat | Medial Electronics 3 Brea a es 3] repost Power Electonics ran Distal System Design ra 5 “Total Cree ours 8 dy: ZIAUD DIN IssuedBy ‘System et Pate: “ea be Added Dropp feof charge tng ADD DROP period ONLY ONCE. ‘Exenal dd’ Drop during ADD/DROP period will cost additonal processing fe. sek Deee wil bbe accepted before or after Add/Drop Peroid. 2d writen change in enrollment form wil be accented. deat will be responsible for finding clash free courses fom the time table ‘by acknowledge that i have completely read and understood the above rules academic “Sar and above stated enrollment policy. ! understand that i shall be responsible forthe ~ yuk “ou , 7 mn attendance is below 75%,you will not be allowed to sit in the final examination, 1 Print Date: day, January 28,2 Departm lent of Eloctronies and Electrical al Systoms Enrollment w21 usTeATANWIRALAM " wns as block, mustata town, 0, 90098 !own, Lahore, Panjab, Pai sawir@arail.com Pakistan 410, ad tamwir alam Registration No. pseeso1181005 a abbas bas block, mustafa town, Lahore, Punjab, Pakista cust git 427617 Enrollment Title advanced Network Cries. Reg Date Section ECE Design Project 3 | oFeb-2021 Gonvol Systems. ren @ Power Electronics 3 | @Feb-2021 CFR poate System Design a | oFeez 7 | eFeb za 5 Total Credit Hours 8 tye MUSTAFA TANWIR-ALAM IssuedBy System any: nate dd Dropped tee of charge daring ADD/DROF peiou ONLY ONCE ‘SalAddDrop during ADD/DROP period will cos) ‘additional processing fee. ‘MiDup willbe accepted before or after Add/Drop Peroid. ‘svntn change in enrollment form will be accepted ‘lai responsible for ining las ce courses fram MELE sable Statowatgetat itave completely read and ndestood he above rlsaeadens 1 :nisove stated enrolment policy. 1 understand thst shall be responsible For the bh ‘student Signature yr : mination. “attendance is below 75%,you Will not be allowed to sit in the final print Dat siday, Jasuary 28,2022 fi Friday Jay | pEPARTMENT OF E: (CTRICAL SYSTEMS \LYEAR PROJECT DECLARATION /UNDERTAKING ‘4 i g9sL YEAR PROJECT DECLARATION ANDERTAKING FROM ayo} by student at the time of FV? Enroltnent and he submit Enrolment au id to the Project Cell along with aN PeMM E63 fo hereby undertake on this the.).b.... (Day), of. Dd. (Month) 20.21 sme No! _.. Give permanent home address with ne no.). d the follow’ 1 Luhereby, declare that. the entries made by me in the Application Form are complete and anye to the best of my knowledge and based on records. > thereby declare that: I shall complete my Final Year Project (FYP) with in TEN months” time starting from today. i is not completed within this period. depa Iwill have to enrolt FYP again. I further unde sument can cancel my enrollment in FYP. and derstand that, the Univer ity shall in no way provide any support to me. ECTRONICS AND “TRICAL SYSTEMS ALYEAR i watt DECLARA REARING PROJECT DECLARA: TON /UN Toe DERTAKING Enrolment uid be submited to the Project Cell along with student 1D card copy sd in Prose oe of Electronics and Electrical Systems, The University of Lah of Lahore, permanent resent “pac (Give permanent home address with ), Of ne Pe une (Month). 22a reephone ‘jean, the following: - fare that, the entries made by me in the Applicat and based on records. Year Project (FYP) with in TEN months” 1. I hereby, deck ion Form are complete and true to the best of my knowledge I hereby declare that; | shall complete my Final ing from today. pleted within this period. de enroll FYP again. | further understand that, the U iat in FYP, and time start partment can cancel my enrollme! versity shall in no way Ifitis not com I will have to provide any support © Me nature of Student bee: 26-02 - 2021 WCLARATION BY PARENT/ GUARD Me Salah

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