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l) INhaf is ba{a Ware60useP explain
archiåec{ure of Warehouse
Ans Accordinf to
"A data warehouse is
4 cottec{ionof data in
support decision roakiné process,
Tbe bo{foto fier a coarebouse DB Server f6af tes
atmosf QIU)QCJSa DB sysåero
Backendfoots taefötö•ftes are used {o data
-tier Bom opetQ{öDDQtDB or exfernarsrc,
The da{a are eg{racted usin& prof ram
io{erfaces known as ea•teæays.
A is supported by undertyinf DBMS
allows cfien•tprograms Co Genera-CeS9L code {c be
executed server.
This Oer arso contains me{ada-ta reposifory
stores in•roabout dct+Qware bouse ifs contents.
The middlefier is an 01AP server impternen{e4
usin r et'f6er
i) Pe OLAP (Rot-AP)
"i) 01 AP (MO LA P)
The is ctienf er u.)Böcficonfains
query ( 4001s ,analysis oots 4
data rnt'nin?
Do{a A jet ed
eoatehouses cffen adcp{ 2,
Quergfre sis

il

Ou{pu

01 AP Server CLAP Server

Mohi•lorirg
Dofamarts

Me{adafapeposi{ocy
ÜÜÜ
x{roc
crea-n
Transfcrm
load
Refresb

Operafiona! D 6 Enfe rnctl Ources

 •
karti -C)

à) EIL process vari009 clafo coorehcose

models.
coarehouse use backQnd 4
refresf) daea include
{o popu

l) Dafa Exfrac{ìon qa%ers Goro rouléip(e

he{er06enoos QY{Qrna( sources
Data Deéecéserrors da4a
possìBte
B) Conver% cfa-tafrom teëacy E-t
Wacebouse
4) ,summarìzes
ViQœs,cBeck Bui fds ìncfrces par-ti-lion •

5} PeÇresK-bPropota4esupda{es from Sources

Fron arc61'4ecQtre ViQt.o, ore (s •

t) T6e Warefiouse
da{a roaA
a) T6e vìr{t.xal ware6DUSQ
l) Cnçerprise Warehouse•.
Cottecfs agouf sugjecfs SPcur,nine en•fireOr&n•
Provides corpora4e- da-ta hem
oneor sys{ems or ìnto
providers, ts cross bunc{ìonat in scopQ
x) Confaìns dQ%ited as as
Con ran6e hand rec(s cf efc.
Y) on {rctcçRìena( maìnùrames,
.
rata ttct
 •C)•
tvî łgcsoĄ5
Da-[aMatą
Ô Coo•łačossubse{ corpotałe-wŕcfQdała Uf
specibîc eroup UserS
Ț6e scopeis specčbŕc sugjecfs.
łow cosł de rłmen{al
Servers are Unix/I inux or Based.
inłeŕrdŕon in słBe run
Ô ÎnvđVQ
desîën plan ninë nof u-)čde.
Ô *cđpes•.Based 00 Source
i) Odependenł gourde capłured bom cne
Or more Qra•lîonar or exf• inbô Provider
a area.
ii) OepencłQfił Soutced bîoro dała
eoaregouses .
g) Virtual warQBouse
Ô vôec-osover opera-tŕooat DB.
R) țôr elbîcčenł query erôCessÔnË,onty gomę $he
POSSĘBle SilMrnary VtQUDS mayËQ małerôatizedț
ËasCJ 40 buł requëres excesg on
DB Server s.
 OIAP raslions in dada cofie
300
Cano

Varooue

605
Oce Bom e Com
SQC

ro
'Voncov
ciGeg -to
825 coun•lrie-s

94
Secur
sCice en
9UarqetS {O
roon{

Tercrréo

Vanmv os Mor
Apr
May

i voe
v Sert
Com
phOne Nov
Dec
Vor,cover Cornp,
Chicor home
loco•fion
 kattikQQ(ja •U • Tondd

l) Potl up)
Pertortns on o cube. eifBer By
up a concepf hierarchy -foca dimension
or by dimension reduc{iön.
INBen roll-up is by dimens"onreduc{iOD
Oneor more dimension is removed from -fbe cube.
Consider Province
Potlup a 6rQ&afes by asceodön?
loca{ion y ciåy {o (eve
2) Dritt- down:
*) Reverse
PQQtized e?f6er by sée down a concept
fora dimensionor in roCuciné addö{iona
8tCOQOSiOOS.
Consider dat-j<monf8e uar{er < year
down occurs By c?escendönf
quarter {o roon-t6.
Since a drill down adds more {o ddQ,
i { car, also be petbormed by Qddine new dimenstons
40 a cube.
3) Slice and Dice
S(ice Q On ene dimension
ven cube, resul•tiné SUbcuBe.
Consider slice U.)Bere QrQSetecfeol
Bom central cc-IBCfor usin fine : 91 '
Dice dehneg a subcuge by perborrniné on
1 5t dimensions•
Ccngider dice ( cc' Vancouver
(4ime "fitme ene or "Securtvf(
 tv_îtgcgog5

Ił is a vis uatîzałîon opera{ioo rcfc«es

a x Qs a viceu Ro provide affet nafe Jafa
re •
-Ô IConsider cpera4ôoo łocafčon
OXQS S(iCQ are rcłałed.
5) C'*Ber OLAP Opera{ions:
across execcRes querîes învolvin6 more-łBan
one facł łaËte.
Drîll tASes S9L bacitŕfałes ot
drifl h bo{fom łevet dała cuge -ło iłs
backęna rełałŕonał {ables.
Ô OLAPoperafions inc(ude rankinŕ top N
bo{focnN iłems in lis{s as as
Ę av , resfs, refurt)
rafes ełc.
ł) concepłuał modełinëof Da{a Warehouse
Whał is dała cube, dimensîor, •ła6te,fQd
Ans Star tScKema
Mogł common
Ô Dała uoareBouse
i) {oble contaîninŕ bulk of dała no
redundancy
ń) Se{ small affer,danł onQ$or each
hierarchy •
Ô M {rîbu{es dîmensioo {obłe form eHBer
o hierarchy Or
 tacso«s
sales Dimensi
Dime Octb(e
ime- e Hem - key
Item - nome
bra ket ran
e
O Qts-gc
ear

branch
key
toea{ioo- kec
St ree
broncK
brancK - -type rev i oce cr-
Snow-Ftake ScBemQ e. coun r
ef s{ar sc6ema coberesome d?mcnston
-tables are dQ{a in+o addn{a
Ma •ordibberence is dimension rncty be
kep in normalised orto {o reduce redundancy,
east-J eaves s40ra&e•
Peduees eeffective n e s g since more
Dins be heeded execute Q query.
pergormance is adversly impacted.
Not as popular QS schema,
 IV] igcs045
N em
•labte DimonsierÅable Dimension
*ime-kec
i {em- key name
.0 -t-oeek bronc - kete upp Cier. •l(Ipe
toca•fion- kec
er o Qts_sofd Su ler-kQ(
ear unt s -so
branch loeafion
Dimensi o r,
b ranch k eg toca+om ke
branch name Sfree
key
rov-or-s
3) Pac {
Sop8is{öcaCed app (icafrons require rou Nipte
fact {Q6 (eg 40 sfiare dimension fables.
q) his Schema can be Viewed Qg cottecf?on
catted e tare] Scfiema/fac{ cons {ettQ-tt0h .

Dimension
Sa tes shippinq shipper
•table c Cable Dimens Fac+ Dime hsiOn
ionåob te {able -fable
ime-ke •lime-kec
da ship-key
da -o -week ame {ime-ke
ke - name
brand 6 ip- ket
m on-{8 oca•fioo-ke 10
uar QC dbf'ars -sold
toc

ear Su ere-h {o . loc

unifs sow don-sot

brancb locafion
Dimensi n
Dimension •tabfie
Ha ble toca•G oo ke
key ree
branch-name e
rov -or—S
6 ron {type
 tv-I

A da{Q cube allows dato {o be modet(Qd viv in

dimensions is delined btJ dimensions
Dimensions are perspec{tveg or enelHies
Ote {o keep records.

€acb dimension maq have a {able associa{ed it

called dimension bur-Iher descri Beg
the dimension,
A mul{idimensionat da{o mode( is {ypica itty or mize
around a cestrat -tfiemerepresen{edby a bad able
cofiere bac{s are numeric measu res.
Fad {able con{aönsnames facfs measures as
u.)Qtlas keys {o eac8 refaced dimension
5) approa c6es dQ{OceareKouse
devc
Ans A •topdown approacB serves as systemaq•icscln
minömises Problems,is expensive, lacke
and tone-lime 40 deve top
R) A bDf{omup approacB ig , (ow cos{
re{ucn is rapid and leads to problems
Q
vat(OUS disaparde into
consisten+ en{erprise data warehouse.
i) A recommended me{60d -for developmen{ of daeta
warehouse sysfems is {o implemenfwareBous•ein
an incremen{at ( evotufronary manner.
first, level corpora{e dada modet ig debined
Within reasonably period provide.ga
eorporatQ-coide, consistent , victo
amort dibberentsubjects Poqendiat
 da a
Nore cuse
Dig{ribu4Qd
da{o roods

Enterprige
Da{a da{a eoor"ouse
Mat {

Modet Mode peone enc

2 efrne me n

Define -a (evet corpora{e model

j TBe biék-levet needs {e

refine& it) fuc{6er developcnen{ enferprt'sedada
uoarQBouses4 mar{s,
reduce future problems.
ch4a mar-ts can be implemented
in porat(et u)?{b •16e house based f Be
same corporaåedato model Before
K) dato marCc cah cons{ruc4e8 {o
da{a marts via bub servet e.
hh0tttJ a dafa t.oarefiouge is
CUBereen{er tige worefiouse is sote ccts{odiQh of
warehouse is ffen cfis{ributed VQtiC,etg
dependenqda{a roads.