NAND Gate: The NAND gate represents the complement of the AND operation.

Its name is an
abbreviation of NOT AND. The graphic symbol for the NAND gate consists of an AND symbol with a
bubble on the output, denoting that a complement operation is performed on the output of the AND
gate. The truth table and the graphic symbol of NAND gate is shown in the figure.

FIFO LIFO

It stands for First-In-First-Out approach in It stands for Last-In-First-Out approach

programming. in programming.

In this, the new element is inserted below In this, the new element is inserted

the existing element, So that the oldest above the existing element, So that the

element can be at the top and taken out newest element can be at the top and

first. taken out first.

Therefore, the First element to be entered Therefore, the First element to be

in this approach, gets out First. entered in this approach, gets out Last.

In computing, FIFO approach is used as In computing, LIFO approach is used as

an operating system algorithm, which a queuing theory that refers to the way

gives every process CPU time in the order items are stored in types of data

they arrive. structures.

The data structure that implements FIFO The data structure that implements LIFO

is Queue. is Stack.
1. Multiplexer :
Multiplexer is a data selector which takes several inputs and gives a single output.In
multiplexer we have 2n input lines and 1 output lines where n is the number of
selection lines.

2. Decoder :
Decoder is a logic circuit which n input lines into m output lines.Decoders are called
as min-term and max-term generators because for each of the input combinations,
exactly one output is true.

Difference between of Multiplexer and Decoder :

S.NO. MULTIPLEXER DECODER

1. MUX accepts several inputs and It takes n input binary code and
S.NO. MULTIPLEXER DECODER

allow only one data output. convert it into a corresponding outputs.

Select line are used to select data Enable inputs are used to control the

2. inputs and allow only one of them. operation of the decoder.

It can be used in data routing and Application of decoder is in Decimal

3. waveform generation. to BCD encoder.

Multiplexer converts the unary code Decoder converts binary code into

4. into binary code unary..