6 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EMITAXYNEH, KE TTAPAPOTIZH AIANYEMATIKQN LYNAPTHEEQN Av oe xdBe cuit mg Baduonig ueraBhntrig w avriororzst éva StavvcHa A(u) 4 ervropoypagtKé A, tore to A(W) civar ja StavvcpaTiKy) ovvépman tov x, H napéyayos ts A(u) opitera oc dA _y, Alu tau) ~ Ale) a > ie au ® he my xpotind8con Sct to Spto vndpyet. Av A(u) = Ai(uji+ Ad(u)j + Aalu)k, tore ga _ dA, , das, du = dui * du) “Quota opiovue Kar tig napayayoug averepns téEns. Tra napéderyua n debtepn rapéywyos ts A(u), av undpyst, Siverat and tm axon @A _ @A, | PAL, BA dt ae) | aes + ae dAs + Gk (9) (10) Mapééeuypa. Av A = (2u?— Swi + 5 cosuj— 3 sinuk, t5re aa du @A = (du—3)i — Sainuj -Bcosuk, Far = 4i — Seosuj + Ssinuk 01 ownptopévor Kavéves rapaydyiong Rov civat yrwotoi and to SiagopIKd oytoHs uRopoiv va enextaSosv kat ota Stavicpata, av kat £66 propel va éxet onHacia 7 ceipd tov Rapayovtov ora ywoueva, Tra rapdderyua, av $(t) civar pia BabHOTH cuvépmoN Kat A(u) Kat Bu) Stavocparinés ouvapriicets, Tote a _ tk, qe) = Sau + du a) a ap, dA aul4"B) Ava? = B (12) a - aB dA Ziaxey) = ax Get Gee (13) OAOKAHPQEH AIANYEMATIKON EYNAPTHEEQN Eotw A(u) = Ax(u)i+ Aatu)j + Aaw)k pra Stavvopanixt} ovveptnan tov u. Opiovpe ws ad- pioto odoxh¥ipona tng A(w) to Sawa = if Ax(u) du + if Antu) du + Kf Ag(u) due (1) [Av undipyee uta Stavvouacuct ouvéprmon B(u) téxora dere AW) = ZL (Bla)}, séte S aca = S Eww au drow ¢ ta avdaiper Stavvoparuxt ovaBepH (avekdptnm and to u). To opiouévo ohoxhripowa netagd TwV opioy W=a Ka W=—B dlvera and ty opto f Alu) du Sf Lew) du = Bw) +e, Bu) +e (15) Bis) — Bla) (16) To optopévo ohordrjpapa unopei enions va optatet wc to Splo evds aBpoicpatos, Smwg KaL oto ororzerd5n OhoKANPOTIKS hoytoHS. TAXYTHTA YroGécovpe det Sve coparidto xiveitar xard ynixos tag Kaunbine C (Ex. 1-9). “Eto ont to Bidvvopa Bons tov onpeiov P tm ony t civar r=r(t), evd to Stdvvopa BENS tov onciov QKEO 1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNSH 7 monypr t+at civar rt ar=r(t+at). Tore n razimra (nov enions hyern ontyptaia tazomta) tov coparidiov oto P diverar and tm oxéon dr _ de yar vag = Ime - tim Weta — nt an kat civa éva Sudvvopa nov egdnrerat mg C oxo P. Av r= x(t) = a(tit ulti t+ atk = cityj +k, pno- pote va ypdyouue dr _ dz, dy. v= G = Git Gite a Dy 19 To wlipo me taxbensas elven S = = da)? , (dy\? , (de)? _ de v= Ww = = VG) + GQ + (G) = & (28) Srov 8 eivat to priKog tdEOD Kara yniKos tg C Rov petpLETaL and KéRoLO apyIKd onpeio péxpL to P. EMITAXYNEH Av v = dr/dt civan n tayienta evds coparidiov, opifoune thy exirdzvvan (nov eniong Aéyeran xan arnyuaia exrrdyuvan) tov awparisiov oxo P os dv 7 t + At) — v(t) a Ge = i (20) Me to Stévocna Sons r= zit yj tek n emtrayovon ypdgerar @z, ty, de a ai + ae + apk (21) Kat to pétpo tm¢ eivat - (7 a= bl = V(GR) + GB + (S) tee) EXETIKH TAXYTHTA KAT EMITAXYNEH Av 860 capatidta P, kat Pz xwouvtat we avtiototyes tayimmtes Vi Kat Ve KaL emrtayivers a1 kat a2, ta Stavoopata Voye, = VeVi Kat eye, = 82 — a (28) ovopdfovtar avrictorya oxetiKy} tayttqra Kar axetiKy exmtdzoven tov Ps ws mpos to Pr. E®AITTOMENIKH KAI KA@ETH EIITAXYNEH Yroséxoune tt éva coparidio P pe Svévvopa Géong r= r(t) xwveitar KaTé priKog THs KaLMOANS C (By, 1-10), Mropodue va Bewpricoune éva op- Soyavio chomya ovvretaypévov nov xiveitar we 0 copatidio Kat nov opiferar and to povadia‘o epantdyevo Sévocua T, ty uovadiaia xpéty xéBer N xat 1 povadiafa deitepy xdBey B omy Kapmi- An C, énov Ex 1108 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIIITAXYNEH, KE B=TXxN (24) To 8 civat to priKos tov tEou and Kéno1o apyKd onHEio Eas to P Kat R civat n axtiva xaymu- Aétmtag mg C oto P. To avtiorpogo ms axtivas Kaymvddrntas Aéyetar KaymvAdrta Kar Siverat and my x= UR, Mropoope va deitoune (Bhéne Tp6Bh. 1.35, ceh. 20) 6. n emttéyuvon Katé yriKog tao C eivar By a= +3N (25) © rpdrog Kai o Sebtepoc dpog oto FEES ey — epantouevixy H exitpéxia exrcdyovon Ka KdBer ¥ Kevtpoudhos exttdyovan avtiotorya. KYKAIKH KINHEH “Boro én éva coparibio P xweirar nave os évav KOKhO C pe axtiva R, Av s eivat to piKog t6Eou nov petprétar Katé htikog tng Cand to A tws to P xar@ civat 1 avtiororyn yovia He KopLoy oto Kévtpo O, tore s= RG. Ta pérpa me egantopevixtis TaxitHTag Kat emtéyovans Bivovta avtiororza and tig oxéoe1 v * (26) ai wea (en Bp Hl Ovopatoupe tig w = dé/dt Kar a = d*6/dt* yomaxy taxétyta Kat yovrany) exirdzovon avtiotorya. H KéGer enttéyvvon, dros rénoupe and thy (25), eivat ion pe v/R = wR. EYMBOAIEMOE FIA TIAPACQFOYE QE POE TO XPONO Mepixés pops sivat edkoho va ypnomonooiue teheles nave and Eva copBoho ya va SeizoupE Tm napdyoyo os Tpos tO ZpSvo t, ua teheia ya mV xPSIM napéywyo, S60 tedsieg pia tm SebrepN napéyayo, K.o.x. “Etot, ta napdderya, F = dr/dt, ¥= dr/dt?, ¥ = dv/dt, wth. KAIZH, ATIOKAIZH KAI IIEPIETPO®H AV ot KdBe onpteio (2, ¥,2) evs opBoyoviow GuatHHatos ouvtetaypévov avtiatoryet Eva StévU- oua A, hive Ot 1 A = A(e, y, 2) civar pia dtavoouatixy} cvvdprman tov x, ¥, 2. Ape eniong dui to A(x, y, 2) civar Eva diavvcuatixé xedio. ‘Oyora, n (Ba8uwt) ovvéptnon 4(z,y,2) opiLer éva Bad- Hors nedio. Eivat oxémijo va Gewprcoure to SiavvopariKs ae reheat} nov Aéyetat avddedra Kat Biverat and ™m oxéon a v= ig +a + ke (28) Xpnowonovsvtag tov tekestr avtd opifoupe tig aaa aktocnpeiwtes noodentes: \ = (2s jhand)s = 528 4 at 1. Kaion ve = (ig +i t Z)e = iay Jay + ¥ oe (29) civar éva Stdvucna nov Aéyerar Klion tov } Kar ypdyerat enions grad ¢. 2, Anéxiton VA = (iD big + mh): (Ai + Ad + Ask) (80) aA, aly a or * oy * ae Avt6 civar éva BaBuatd péyeBog nov Aéyetar ardKdion tov A Kat ypdperat eniong div A.KEO1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNEH 9 8. Meptopoeh vx A = (ig + |) < (Asi + Aaj + Aske ij ik KEE oc Oy a (81) Ay A: As @4s_ Az), , (3A: 04s), | (0A2_ Ar (Se + G+ Ge Avté to didvvopa Aéyerar xepiocpogr} H oxpoptiiquds tou A Kar ypdyerm exiong curl A. Ioxéovy 560 xpiiowmes tavtdentes diveurlA = y+(yxA) — 0 (se) Vx(¥e) =0 (88) curl grad ¢ EMMIKAMITYAIA OAOKAHPQMATA. ‘Eotw 6 to x(t) = zit w(t)i +2(tk, dxov x(t) eivar to Srdvvopa Géons tov oMpsiov (2, ¥,2), opiter wa KaproAn C nov evovet ta cnpeta Pixar P; nov avtistoryouv atoug ypdvovs t= th xat t=t:, ‘Eoww axdya on A = A(z,y,z) = Ai + Aaj + Ask civar ja Stavvoparixy ovvip- mon mc Séong (BtavvopatiKd neB{o). To ohoKAxpopa mE epartopeviKHis vvITHoAs Tov A KaTé mrixog tg C and to Pi oto Ps, ypdgerar Ps Acdr = Sac = S Acar + Andy + Asdz (34) B kat eivar éva napdderypia ennapnihion odoxinpeuatos. Av C civa pa khetory Kaynvin (nov Oa vnobésoupe Stt civat ad KLeLoTH KayROAN, Snr. pra Kapndhn nov Sev xéBet tov eavtd tHG), tre to OhoKArpona GvxVe ypdgerar g§ Acdr = § Arde + Ardy + Asdz (39) Tevixd, éva exxapndito ohoxhripoua Eyer tipi nov ekaptiérar and ro Spsyo ohoKAxpacns, Tia tpdxovg vrohoyisuos BAéne MpoBA. 1.39 xar 1.40. ANEEAPTHEIA AITO TO APOMO To entxauntiAio ohoxhyipowa (34) eivat aveEéprnto axé to Spsuo now evaver ta oncia Py Kar Pa, av Kat Hovo av A=V¢ Hf todivaya YXA = 0. Ee avey my nepixrwon n tux} tov diverar ano thy » Acdr fas = HPs) ~ HP) = slen4ned — gente) — (86) Py Srov ot cvvteraypéves tov Py Kar Py civar (21, Y%,2,) Kat (2p Yq %) avriororya Kar n (2, Y, 2) Exot ouvexeis peprxts napaydyous. To ohoxArpoua (35) oe avth my nepixtoon civar pndév. EAEY@EPA, OAIZ@AINONTA KAI [IPOEAPMOEMENA AIANYEMATA Méxpt tng owns eketdoane ta dtavicuata ov xpocdtopiCovtat and to uétpO, tM Steb8vven xat tm @opd tovs pdvo. Tétora Siavicyata Aéyoveat cieidepa diavicuara. Abo wySvta ehevBepa Stavoopara sivar ica epdoov éyovv ta {Sta uéxpo, Ste\Bvon Kat wopd [PRéne Ly. 1-12(a)].10 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIIITAXYNEH KEO® 1 » > (a) "Toa ehei8epa diaviowara ——(b) “Iou odtaBaivovta Staviouara Ey 1l2 (©) TIpoaappoouéve Savoye Mepixés @opéc omy xpaén ézet onpasia n ovyxexptnévn evdela Spéong evds Siavbopatos. Ee avr ty repixtwon 660 Siavoopata civar foa av Kat H6vo av éxouv ta {Sta Hétpo, SrelBvvon, gopé Kat evdeia Spdons. Téroa Staviopara Aéyovta vyvi oftaBaivovra Stavicuara [BAéne Ey, 1-120). Mepixés popes mpénet va xpoodioprotet 10 onpeio Spdong evds Staviopatos. “Eva réro10 61 wwopa [Bréne Ez. 1-12(e)] Aéyerar xpooapuoouévo didvocpa. Le avty mv repintwon S60 diavi- ouata eivat oa, av Kar Hv av ravriCovrat. Tic nepioodtepes popés Oa aoxodndodpe we ehelOepa Staviopara. Ee nepintwon nov Oa xpn- cutoroujcovpe odtoBaivovra H xpocappocpéva Staviopata, avts Ga sive capéc and to KEiEvO. Avpéva Tpopaajpara AIANYEMATIKH AADEBPA LL. Acigre 6m toyiet n avtmeradere} idtnta ya thy Poco Savvcpétov, Sn. A+B = B+A. Bhéne Ey. 1-13 rapaxdco. Exoue op+PQ=0Q 4 A+B=C kat OR+RQ=0Q 4 BHA=C Tore A+B=B+A By aa Eyl 12, Aeiée 611 woyser 1 poserarpionxy WidtTa ya mY nPSoBeon Stavvopétav, Syd. A+(B +C) = (A+B)+C. Bhéne By. 1-14 rapandve. OP + PQ = 0Q = (A+B) xu PQ +QR = PR = (B+C) Eneidx OP +PR = OR = D, in. A+(B+C) = D 0Q+QR = OR =D, dn (A+B)+C =D Epos A+ (BEC) = (A+B) +C. Enexteivovrag ta axoteiéoyara tov MpoBh. 1.1 xa 1.2 Bhénoupie étt 1 oetpd xpod¥EoNs oouVORROTE Brawoudtav Sev Exnpedter to axotéhecua.KEO1 SIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EITITAXYNEH 11 13. Aivovem ta Staviopara A, B kat C (Zz. 1-15(a)]. Na xatackevactovv ta (a) A—B+2C, (0) 8C-4(2A -B). Ey 15 14. Acigte 6 to pétpo A tov Bavionatos A = Ali + Aaj+ Ask civan A= VAT + AE+ AB. Bhéne By. 1-16 And to TTuBayépew Bedpnua éoune _ (OP? = (0G) | (QP éxov OP rapioraver to wétpo tov Hawopatos OP, Kt “O- nova, (09? = (OR)? + (RQ* Tore (OP) = (OR) + (RQ + QP 4 At = AL+ Ag+ Ad, om. A = VATFATFAR 1.5. Na BpeGei ro Stévvowa row éyer apyr to Plas, Vs, 21) at népas 10 Ql, Ys, 24) Kar va BpeBet to pétpo tov. Bhéne Ey. 1-17. To Suéwoua Gions ro P civat Fy) To Suéwoua Oéons tov Q civat Fe 'Erot +PQ@ =H PQ = an = (eit ni tak) — (ni tn tk) = (e2—2)i + (va— ui + Gea) tuitak ai bud tak. To pétpo tov PQ civar PO (eq =F Wav) Fe As onpewei Sm ave civat n axdoraon HerakG tov ompeciov By LT P xa Q.12 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EITITAXYNEH, KEO 1 1.6. Na pedet (a) ypagtxé Kat (b) avahutixd to dBpoispa ovvIGtapévn TOV RapaKdtw pEtato- ricewv: A, 10 m Bopetodutxé’ B, 20m 30° Bépera ts avatodrig’ C, 35m xpos véto. BRE ne Sy. 1-18. Tpagucd Exo népas tov A roroberoiue may apy} ov B, Exo répas tov B toroleroiye tv apy tov C. H owiorauivy D oxnpatigerar av evosoupe my ap- wi tov A we to Répas tov C, on. D= A+BHC, ‘Otay jexpntet n cuvtotawévn Eyer uérpo 4.1 pow Beg = 4.1m Kar xazedOoven 60° vorta tm3 avaronis Avahvetwé And ro Ey. 118, av i nat J civar ca povudwaie Gus voouara atts Stevbivacig A Kat B, éxoupe A = = 10 008 45° i + 10 sin 45° j B = 20 cos 80° i + 20 sin 30° j c= 35) Ey. 118 Tore n ovmorayévy eivat D = A+ BHC = (~10cos45° + 20 cos30°)i + (10 sin 45° + 20 sin 30° — 35)) (-S5V2 + 10VB)i + (GVZ+10~35)j = 10,251 — 17.934 Exot 10 yerpo tov D ewe VOUS UTE = 20.65 m Kat n xareluvon civ tan-! 17,98/10.25 = tan 1.749 = 60°45! vena mms avatohiig As onuewfei Sui, av xa ta ypagixd Kat avahutixd anoteAoyata cuppovotv apKerd KUAG, TO avanuttnd axotéheona civat féfata mo axpiBes. EEQTEPIKO ‘H BA@MQTO TINOMENO LT. Na Berytet 6t1 n mpoBohy tov A rive oro B soovrat he A+b, drow b civat to povadtaio Stévucpa pe tH Stes~ fuvon Kat gopa tov B. Axé env apy xa zo népas tov A repvolw va enineba ov civat KaBexa oxo B ora omucia G Kat H avriororza drug oxo Ey. 19. “Exoume Tpofoki tov A oro B = GH = EF = Acose = Avb 18. Aciéte 61 A+(B+C) = A-B+A-C. Eotw a ro povadiaio Sévwvoya omy KateiBuven tov A’ tote (Bhéne By. 1-20) Lipofonn tov (B+C) oto A = Zpo[iorn tov B oro A + rpoBok tov © oro A (B+Cra = Brat Cra Av rokharhaotécouue we to A, ézoune (B+C)rAa = BrAa + CrAa xa (BECVA = BAT CA Xpnoworowdvras my avrweraterixy iSidtnea Tov eowteprKa’ Yt- vouevou éxoupe ABE) — ABE ACC nov exopater ty emyepiovxy} SryraKEOI AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNEH 13 1.10. Lu. 112. Na vrohoyistobv ta napaxdiro: (a) ii = filfijeoso? = yaya) = 4 (6) irk = fil {kj cos90° = (1)(1)(0) = 0 (eo) kei = [kl [i} cof 80° = (1yn}(@) = 0 (@) j+(Qi—85+k) = Bei-3jej+iek = 0-340 = -3 © Gi-D- BIW) (4+) — § (814k) = Giri + 2i-k — 3-1 —5ek = 6+0-0-0=6 Av A= Asi+ Aaj+ Ask cau B = Bui + Boj + Buk, Seifce 6 A+B = AsBi+AsBr+ AsBy, ADB = (AG+Ag + Ask) (By + Bei + BR) Ais (Bit Bui + Bk) + Agi (Bit Baj + Bak) + Ages (B+ Bai + Bk) = AyByisi + A\Byij + AB Gok + AgByj ei + ABS +] + AaBsiek 4 AgBkei + AgBak +] + AgByk +k = A,B, + A.B, + ABs part isi = joj = kek = 1 xat ha ta dia cowrepixd wneva efvan pnt Av A= Ad+Aaj+ Ask, Geitte bu A = VA“A = VAL + AR + AR AA = (A)(A) cos0® = AX Tore A= VAFA. Eniong A*A = (Ag+ Ag + Ak)“ (Ad + Aoi +k) (AA,) + (ADAa) + (AAS) = AT + AR + AT and 0 TIpSBA. 1.10, raipvovras B= A. ‘Apa A = VRvA = VATS AZ> AE civat co wérpo tov A. To A+A ypégerat Kat A? - ¥ BU4,6,0) Na vrohoyiorei 4 ofeia yovia tov dayoview evds etpdnhevpov nov Exe Kopuees ata anpteia (0, 0,0), (8,2, 0), (4,6,0), (1,3,0) (x. 1-21), Eyome OA=Si+2), OB=4i+6), OC =i+3} Kat °c (1,3,0) cA = 0A-0C = 21-5 Zoverdds OB-CA = {0B||CA| cos 6 on. VGEF CF VEPF CTF cos 2/(VBB V5) = 1240 Kar # = 82°53". Ey. Vat (ai + 69) i) and ty onoia cos ¢ EZQTEPIKO ‘H AIANYEMATIKO TINOMENO 1.13. Acitte 6u AXB = —BXA Ey. 1-22 To AMB~ € ize urpo AB sine Kas xarebiven trois dere ra A, Bosca © va eynuacivouw fa Sek orpopo abornua (Ex. 1-22(a)]14 11d. 115. 116, AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNEH KE 1 To BX A =D bet pétpo BA sing Kat xarei@vvon tétoa Gore a B, A Kal D va oxnHatifow éva SeEiSorpowo oscrnpa [Zy. 1-22(b)] “Exot to D Eyet to {510 pétpo pe to C adhd avtiBern gopd, Sn. C=-D 4 AXB=-BXA. H aytueratera WideNta Bey toxlet Na To eorEpIKE yivouEVO. Acitte 6u AX(B+C) = AXB+AxC ya thy nepintoon mov to A eivar xG8ero ora B xa C. Egéaov ro A civat xaer0 oto B, 10 AXB iva Eva Sxéwoya xG8er0 dw oto ExinebO Tov ‘A. xat B xa éyet yérpo AB sin 90° = AB ¥ to. héxpo tov AB, AvtO civat wodivano ue to va ohsarhacvéaoune to Suéwona B ye to A xat va orpivoone to dtémvoua nov Gx RpoKiiyer Kard 90° orn Oban Hou beizver wy Eq. 1-23. Onota, 10 AX C sivar Eva dtdvvaya nov Rap vouue av rodAardagtécoue to € He to A Kat expiyouue to Buévuona rou 84 xpoxtiyer Kaxd 90° orm Pon nov gaiverm oxo Ez. 1-23 Kata tov isto tpéxo, ro AX (B+C) civat éva Stdévvana nov xafpyoune nodLaxhacrioveas to B+C ue vo A Kat oxpifovras to dtdvucpa nov ba potwer xara 90° orm Géan nov gaivera oro Ey, 1-23, Exeidy) to AX (B+ C) civar n Stayaviog tov Ex ta Rapahimadypapnor ue rheupés AXB xa AXC, exoue AX (B+C) = AXB+AXC, Acigte 6u AX(B+C) = AXB+AxC om yevixy xepintwon nov ta A,B xaiC bev civar ovvenineda. Bhéne Ly. 1-24. Avanioune 10 B a Sto Sawonarnés omoriors, wie xéBern xa pia napddinin ue to A, uc By Kat By, avitororga, “Exoue B= By + By, Av @ civat n) yovia jerati A xa B, éte By = Bosing, “Exot, to uézpo tov AXB, iva AB sin 6, nov sivat 19 {to HE to péxpo tov A XB. Exions, n xareiluve on tov AX B, civar 1 iia we ry KareiBoven tov AX B. Suenos AXB, =AXB. Ae - Onora, av to € avakefe’ or S60 StawvoyariKés av mordses C), kai C,, rapahankn kat KdBern oto A av- Dy et rigtoya, tote AXE, = AX. Exions, ened B+ = By +By+C, +, = (B, +.) + (By +C,), come AX(B,+C,) = Ax(@B+O) Ta B, xa C, civat xdGera oro A. ‘Apa and ro Mpsfh. 1.14 ézovue AX (B, +.) = AXB, +AxC, Eronévog AX(B+C) = AXBH+AXC Bnd. toxdet m cRUEPLoTIKH WidtHTa. TodAarhacudfovras ye 1 Kar ypnoyiorordvras to T1psBh. 1.13 éxou- be (B+C)XA=BXA+CXA Ac onpeweet dm éyct onuaota n ocipé tov xapeysvtwv ot EkwreprKG ‘pwoueva. Or ouvmBrauives iémses tne dhyefpas woysouv, av xparéue my KaTAAMAN otIpd ij ok AV A= Ait Aaj t Ack Kot B= Brit Boj + Bok, deigte on AXB =| Ar Aa As|, | Br Bs BsKEO1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EITITAXYNEH 15 AXB = (Aji +A + Ash) x (Bit Bi + Bk) Ah x (Byi + Baj + Byk) + Agi X (Bi + Boj + Byk) + Ask X (Bi + Boj + Bak) AWBAiXi+ ABIX] + AWB GX Ke + AB Xi + ABS) + AQBai Xk 4 ABW i + ABJk oj + ASB w ke ijk = (AgBy— AsBYi + (AgB,—A\BQj + (AWB2— ABR = | A, Ay Ay 1B, By By 117, Av A=3i j+2k kat B=2i+3j—k, va Ppebei to AXB. 118, AciEte dt to eyBadd tov naparanAsypapyion we mhevpés A cat B civat |Ax Bl. EyBa85 xaperinisypoyiov = h[B| a [Al sino |B] |AxBl As omeio0ei éu1 to enfa56 tov tpryGvou pe Rhevpés B Axa B civt $/AXBI. Ey. 125 119. Na vrotoyiotei 10 eyBads tov tprydvou pe Kopupés ora P(2,8,5), Q(4,2,—1), R(3, 6,4). PQ = (4—2)i + (2-8) + (-1—5)k = 2%—j- 6k PR = (9-2) +(6~3)) + (45k ak Exfade tprvdvou = |PQ@XPR| = 4 |(2i—J—4k) x G-+35—K)] iiok = Hille 4 “| = 4/19i- 45+ 7k) Ii 3 a) 4VO9RF COR F = 4 VRE TINOMENA TPIQN AIANYEMATON 1.20. AciEte dm n andkutn ty} tov A (BX C) civat ion pe tov SyKo evdg napadinieninesov we mrevpéc A,B xat C. “Bow St n civat Ev jovaiiaio Stivwaya KaBero oxo napah- indSypanno Z, nov éxer ty KateGBwven tov BX C, xat étt h civat to tiyos Tov Répatos tov A rave and to nupadinsypapwo T. Ey. 1-26 yK0¢ RapakanbeRinedou (vos h Xeupad6 napaiAnhéypaynou 1) (A+n)((B x C)) As(BX Cn) = A+(BXC) Av ta A,B xat C be oxnuarivouy Sek Worpoge cotmua, tte civat Aen <0 Kato dyKOg LooKTaL pe ja+(Bxo] 121, (a) AVA = Adt+Asjt+Ack, B= Bit+Byj +B, C = Ci+Csj+ Ook, dcitte ou |“: Ar As ABC) = | Bi Br Bs Cy Cr Cs16 1.22. 1.23. AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EMTITAXYNSH KEO 1 (0) EEnniote yeouerpixd mv xepintoon tov A: (BXC) = 0. ij ok (o) Av(BXO) = A+) By By By Cy C, Cs = (Abt Agi + Ash [(BsCy— ByCai + (By, — BAC3)i + (BsCx— BACK) A, A: As = A\BsC,~ B,C) + AXBsC,—ByCy) + ABC,— B.C) = | Br Ba Bs CO Cs (b) Ané to TIpéBh. 1.20, av A+ (BX C)=0, cote ta A,B xat C civan ovverinada, mA. civar oto 6t0 eni- nebo, kat avriotpoga, av ta A, B,C civat ovvenincha, ore A+ (BX C) = 0. Bpcite tov dyxo evde napahandeninebov we nhevpés A = Si-j,B=j+2k,C=i+5j+4k. B-1 0 [And ta MpoBh. 1.20 xat 1.21 0 6yx0g tov napardnienineiou civ |A“(BXO)| = |]0 1 2] 15 4 |-20) = 20. Av A = it), B= 21-8) +k, C = 4j—3k, Bpcize ra (a) (AXB) XC, (6) AX (BX). iiok ii ok @ axp=|1 1 0 j-5k wat (AXB)XE =| 1-1 —5 |= 28+ 3)+ a 2 4-3 ij ok ijk () Bxc=|2 -3 1{=5i+6j+8k, xm Ax(BxC)=|1 1 0 |= 8i-8j+k o 4-3 568 Eovendg poxiarer Sv yevurd civar (AXB)XC # AX (BX C). TIAPAPOPIZH KAI OAOKAHPQEH AIANYEMATIKQN EYNAPTHEEQN 124. 1.25. 2 Av ra(t+20)i— 807% +2 sin Stk, Bpeive vu (a) ol. (0 $5, @ [Fa ovo onpeto =0. a4 4 (@ & = Sw+2+ % Eco #=0, civat dr/dt = i+ 6) +10k. (b) And to (a) ldr/at| = V@PF CPF GO! = VI4 = 2V35 oro t se-mny + Zeeman = 0421-4 Get + 10 cost Om 7H Ero t=O civar dP/dt = 125, fat (4) Hoes 2) + bert) + 10 cos 5th) = 6th ~ 12671 ~ 50 sin tk (@ Axé 10 (0) |dte/dt2| = 12 oro ab dA Att ae cite én (A+B) Fa B. Srov A Kat B civar napayoviowes ouvaptrioes rou u.KEO1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EMITAXYNEH 7 Mido: 1. iam) =, ASAI Be sB) — AB = yy ATSB OAR + sAcap an, = aA = res) = MéBobos 2. “Eow A = Aji+ Ajit Ask, B= B+ Bj + Bik. Tore Beare = Liab + Abe Abs = (a8 4,182 4,288) 4 (be = (4g + ant au) * ae Bt ap, aa = vB Ay 1.26. Av $(0,y,2) = xyz Kaw A= Sx*yi + y2*j—zzk, Bpeize tv Eis) oto onpcio (1,-2, -1). iu 02 eA = (xty2)(Bx2yi + yet) —xzk) = Sxty2zi + x2y223j — zty2te Liga) = acts eto—syoh) = seh + 2005 — neh a a . i apse (OA) = ZSetyAi + Saty2eth— 2atyek) = 6xtyi + 6xtystj — Deck Aves 2, 2-1, n Enrotueun mapdywves weotrar wo 18} 19) 1 ok. 127. Yrohoyicte to S. A(u)du, av A(u) = (8u*—1)i + (2u—3)j + (6u? — 4u)k, To otoxdripaya x So0nxe woot ye {(8u2 — Di + @u—8)j + (6u? — du) due = (wl wi + (t= 80)j + Oud — 2u2}k = (B—2i + 4—6)j + (16—8)k) — (— Hi + 9} + @—2k) = Gi + 8k TAXYTHTA KAI EMITAXYNZH 1.28. “Eva coparidio xweirat xavé priKos wag KaynbAng ms onoiag ot napaperpiKés cErodoets civat x= 8e-™, y = 4 sin3t, 2 = 5 cos8t, dnov t 0 xpdvos. (a) Bpsite my tayétnta Kot THY Enttézovon oe onoLodrirote ypdvo. (b) Bpeite ta pEtpa tHE taxUrHTag KaL tHG EmLTde wovong ya t=0. (a) To didwvopa Géons tov soparisiov civan r= eityjtsk = 0-2 + 4sindtj + 5 cosstk “Apa n cayimnsa ceiver Vv = dr/dt = ~Ge-Mi + 12 cost j — 15 sin Stk au 9) extrézuvon a = dv/dt = dr/dt® = 126-*i — 96 sin3tj — 45 cos8tk (®) Tia t=0 exoupe v = dr/dt = —6i+12j Kara = aPr/de® = 121— 45k. Yovendig to nétpo ms saximtes ra 60 eivas VOT EF = OVE nu to wérpo me entrdyovons a t= 0 civaa VORP + (aR = avPi18 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EMITAXYNEH, KEO 1 129. ‘Eva coparidto xiveitat we exttdyuvon a = 2 + Scostj ~ Ssintk Ay to coparidto Bpioxerar oo onpcio (1,-3,2) m ovrynH t=O Kar xwveirar pe taxirnca 4i 331 Bk, Bpcixe (a) mv cayornta xox (h) tH pETaTéMIGN Tov cwuatisIov oe onoLdr\OTE ypovo t>0. fr _ dv @ a= & = 2 4 + Beast — Ssintk croaapivones fcsone v= f eM Somts~ Salta = teh + Ssinej + Scostk + Exedy v = 41-3) +2k pa £=0, éxoune 4i—9)4+2k = 2494+ HG = GI-3I-K Soverds v en + Sint | + Scosek + 61 — 3) — k = (6—2e-Hi + (6 sint — 3)j + (cost — Nk « (®) AvtucaBioravtag to v pe to de/dt orny (1) Kat ohoxinpévovtas Ppioxoune S {© —2e-9i + G sint — 3)j + (8 cost — 1)k) dt = (Gt 2e-Hi — (cost + 3)j + (Ssine— Ok + ep Exeiér} to ooparidto Bpioxerat oxy Séon (1,—3,2) ia t=0, éxoune F 3)+2k ya t=0, ondre —3)+%k = Site, fo = i+ B+ 2k Zoverds r= (64 Re-# IN + (ZF cose—3Nf + sin’ — E+ BR e EXETIKH TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNEH 1.30, ‘Eva asporhévo xiveitat npog ta Pope.odv- tukd He 200 kmjh as mpos t0 éSagog, Stay undpyet Surixds dveyog tov onoiov n tax0- myta civat 80 km/h ag npog to éBagos. Na xpoaiiopratei (a) ypaorxd Kat (b) avahuricd 600 ypryopa Kat Ge nod KateBuvon Oa xivnGei to aspomAavo, av otapariost 0 é- veHos, (a) Tpagexd Fow W = taxi tov avéiou Vq = taxstmta tov eepordévou Grav undpyer © dvenios Va = taximnra tov arporhévou opis tov dveyo By 127 Tore (Phéne By. 127) Va = Vet Wo Vy = Va W = Vat (-W H Vz Exe néxpo 6.5 jowibes = 260 km/h xut Kared@uvon 83° Bépera ns Sionc. (8) Avahurixd Eow i xai J 1a povadiata diavioyara ants StenBivors A Kat B avtiotorya. And to Ey. 1-27 youre = 200 cos 45° 1 + 200 sin 45° j xar W 04 Tore Vp = Ve— W = (= 200.08 45° — 80}i + 200 sin 45°j = 221.421 + 141.43) “Exot so pétpo rns Vp civar V(= 591 EFF ATA = 262.73 km/h xar_n KateiGovor} me. tan—! 141.42/221.42 = tan~! .6387 = 32° 34° Pope me Bions,KE, 1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EITITAXYNEH 19 131. Avo ooparidva ézouv diavioyata Béong ti = 2ti- fj +(St—40)k Karr = (5t-12t+4)i +#5-S8tk, Bocite (a) tm oyerixy taxtrmta Kat (6) Tm OxErtKY emttdyovon tov Bebtepov cwparidiov ws xpos 10 npdto ™m oTtypH t=2. (a) 01 saybrmtes tov copandioy a ¢= civat avrioroya wy =H = 2h + Era] = Bat ok fy = (or—i2n+sej— an] = st + 12) 98 lee Eyer cayiemta tov owpariBtov 2 ws Rpos to cwparisio 1 = var vy = (Bi+12j)~9k) — (21-44 8k) = Gi + 16) — 11k (®) Or enuuzovory wy cumin’ pu ¢= 2 eivur uviiowwnzE a 2) + 6k 2) + 6k ash == i+ 6s | Loi + 12) EyeruxH emtdzwven tov sopariBiov 2 og xpos to capariBto | = ap— ay = (101+ 125) — (-2)+ 6k) = 104 + 14 ~ 6k E@ANITOMENIKH KAI KAQETH EMIITAXYNEH 132 Aiverat n Kayman C pe dtavvopa Béons r = 3cos2ti + 3sin2tj + (8t—4)k (a) Bpeite 10 povadiaio epantéyevo dtévuopa T Kar pixos mg KapROAnc. (b) Av F civar to dtévvoua Géons evds oapatidion nov xivettar Katé prfKos mg Cm OTLYHY t, enadndevore ty oxgon v= oT. (2) “Eva egantépevo Bidvvoya omy © civar 10 dr/dt = —6sin2ei + 6cos2tj + 8k To pézpo avroi tov Siawioyaros sivat \de/dt| = delat = VHBain2O? + Ccosat? + BF = 10 ‘Apa éva povadiaio epantéyevo bdvuopa omy C civar to efit _ drldt =6sin2ti + 6cos2tj + 8k © Tariati ~ daft ~ de ~ io = —Bsin2ti + gcos2tj + gk T () Aves xporixrer aptows and to uépos (a), rari v= di/dt = —6sin2¢i + 6.cos2tj + 8k (1B sin 24 + Feos2ej + ge) = oF Ac onuewotet 6x1 6” auriy my xepixtoon n tazimta tov oopariBiov Karé yhkas me KaMUAnG &yer ora 8p pérpo. 1.38 Av T civat éva povadiaio epanrdpevo Stévvcpa tg KapmbAng C, Seite én to AT/ds civar KdQeto oto T. Eneidr} to T civat povadiaio Stioa, éxoose T+T = 1 ar xapayoyitoveas ws xpos ey ar ar at wt PEt ET = mee = 0 f= nov onpaiver 6 10 dT /ds civ xé8exo oto T.20 1.34, 1.35. AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIIITAXYNEH KEO1 [Av N elvat to Hovadialo StévwoHa ory KatebBvvon tov aT/da, exons at/de = To N xahetra povabiaia pdx xddern ov C. To Bodnar péyeBos « sat 10 R= We axeiva noymodéeras. laT/ds| xadeivar naynvidenra Bocite (a) thy xapmvdéenza, (b) my axtiva Kaymuadenras Kat (ce) 7m povadiaia npden KéBern N ce onowdinore onpeio ts KaunUAng tov MpoBA. 1.32. (a) And to MpépA. 1.32 éxooe T = —f sin 2+ B cos 2tj+ fk. ovens ar _ dT /dt _ (6/5) cos 2t i ~ (6/5) sin 2tj delat ~ 10 = feast = Ssin2ei “Exot xapmuhéenra civat « 08 207 + (— a (b) Axtiva xapmaémtas = R= We = 25/3 ia fe) And ta (a), (b) xar to Mpéf2. 1.33 naipvoune noid = —cos2ti — sin2tj Aciéte Oui emtdyovon, @ evs copatibiov nov Kiveitar KaTé prIKOG Was KapROANS He tayS- rma v diverat and tm oxéon dv oe a= GT+ EN énov T civat to povadiaio egantopevo Sidvuona th¢ KapRvANs, N povadiaia xpdtn Kd- Ger Kat Ry axtive Kaymvddentas Hi rapitnsa v tool ue to petpo TE v FORAaMa\aoyEVe Ys to povabuaio epaxcépevo Suévvona Ty ee ana wi = ow = so be ws Gre o() = Seedy Avté Seiqver dni n ooviordoa eng entréxuven civar do/dé orm SieKBoven ms egartopévns Tov SpsuOU Kat VIR om biesGwvon eng xpdmns xdBemne tov Spduov. H tehevraia enerdyovon héyerar Kevepoudioc entrdyovan 4 xdBern cxitdywvon, KYKAIKH KINHEH 1.36. “Eva capariéio xivettat étor wore to diévupa BEons tov va civat = coswti + sinot j, Srov w oradepy. Aeiére St (a) n taxirnta v tov coparidiov sivar Kern Réve oto T, (b) n emtdyuven a KatevBiverat xpos THY apy tov aEdvav Kar Exel wEtpo avdhoyo mpos TY anéotaan axé THY apyh, (¢) FX Vv = Eva otabeps Svdvuopa. (ov = Ee mesinattt eeoneth Ane bey = [coset it sinetj]+[-esinoti + o coset) = (cosut)(—w sin at) + (sin ut)(e cosut) = 0 kaw ta # wat v civat xéBeraKEO1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIIITAXYNSH, 21 @r_ dv i ay (b) Ga = Gy = ~e conut i— ut sin ut j = et [cosut it sint j] = —oe H omicéquvon éyet gopd avtiBern xpos 7m 9Opd tov F, BNA. KatevBiverat Rpog THY apxH. To HEEPO ng eivan avéhoyo tov |r|, ov elvar axdoraan and my apr (o) rXv = [consti t sinat j] x [-w sina i + 0 cont j] 1 ik = | coset sinut 0| = olcostut + sintuthk = uk, tra orateps dravvoua —esinut wcosut 0 H xivnon nov neprypdgerat o* auré ro xpéBanpia eivar y xivmon evds owparisiov nave ory Rept- épeia evds Kixhov ue otadepH yoviaxt| taxStIa & H entéyuven, nov KaTEUDLvETaL Epos to KEVTpO Tov xikhov, Fivat 1) xevtpoUShOs entedyuwon, KAIZH, AIIOKAISH KAI MIEPIETPOOIT 137. Av ¢ = atyet Kat A= z2i—yj+2e%yk, Bpeite ra (@) V4, (0) VA, (0) VXA, (d) div (A), (e) curl (gA). = (Ars 2y42e)y = Hy 4 8 4% w ve = (diedsede)e = Mia itss Bete + Zeerany + Leetyeye = dey + sta + sete oven = (S14 die be) ety ram) =2 2 yy 4 2, = = edt vy + Gey = ray vxa = (Ai ds+hu) x teas +2209) io k = | alae afay alae ze wt ety = (Zee -Zrw)i + (Lea-Zeew)i+ (Zem-Zeo)e = tet + (eA) (2) divigh) = V+(@A) = Ve (atysti — atte + Batya) = Rev) + Zea + Lens) = datyst — Bxtyte + Catyte? () curl(A) = VX (gd) = VX (x8yeti — xtySz8j + rtyt2%k) tos = | ae aay ates ahyzt —2tyted datyted = (hetyad + Sz%y%22)i + (datys® — Bety2e)j — (eyed + ate 138. (2) Av A = (ey +2*)i+t (xt + 2y)i + Bxet—2)k, dcitte ou VXA = (®) Bpeite jra PabuoT ouvdprnon ¢ této1a Gate A= VE. i i k alex a/ay faz =o ey t sd at+2y Beet 2 (@) VXA22 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EMITAXYNEH, KEO1 0) Méboboe 1. Av A = Vo = 314 S854 He, cee aptnat va exoone oe = 3 = geet w ig = tt (2) ay 2+ Oy (3) ae = 3 2 Ohoxdnpovovtus Byionvune G) 6 = sty tx + Fyly,2) (6) 9 = ty tet Fees) (©) ¢ = a8 2+ Pyle) Euyxpivovtag tig oyéoeig autés weraki tous ovpnepaivouue on Fyy.2) = y8—2z, Fy(x,2) = 223— 22, Fy(z,y) = tty ty? xa dpa ¢ = 2%y +22 + y?—2z. Médobo: 2. Ay A= Vey txome vde = (244284 2x) (dei + dys tae Acde = (S24 $85 4 SE) (eet + avs + dem) = Bae + ay + ae = Stan + May + Mar = ap Bnd. éva obs H eeketO SiapopeKs. TH’ ave my RepiRtaOR dg = Avde = (@ey+s)de + (224 2y) dy + (Bes*—2) dz [ey +28) de + atdy + azstde] + 2ydy — Bde d(xty + x28) + d(y*) + d(—22) alaty + 228 + p22) “Apa ¢ = ty +aet+yt—22, Ac onuewwdel dx oro ¢ propel va Rpootedei pra avOuipern oxadepr EINKAMMYAIA OAOKAHPQMATA KAI ANEZAPTHEIA AIO TO APOMO. 139, Av A = (B2*— 6yz)i + (2y + 822)j + (1 —4zyz%)k, vxodoyiote to S. Avdr and t0 (0,0,0) éwg to (1,1,1) xard ynixog tov napaxdéto Sponov C: (@) e=t, y=t, 2=8. (b) Tov evdetov ypaupav axd 10 (0,0, 0) to (0,0,1), totepa oto (0, 1,1), Kat borepa oto (1,11). (c) Tg evdeiag ypayurig nov evdver ta (0,0,0) Kat (1, 1, 1). Sarde = fee out + yt bee) + dove) (dei + dvs + deb Sf ext ouey de + y+ Be) dy + (dove de “Bxoupe #8, sa anicia (0,0,0) xox (1,1,1) avtiororyoov ora #=0 xan t 1 foe ececeny at + (Her s1eK) ACH + AL ACOLENLENY ae) ff) eeromae + wesemar+ ee-ieeyd = 2 “Addn uiB0805 Karé jrixog me © eivar A = (St — 608) + (20+ 8th) + (1— 40k Kaur = ait yj tak = f+ +O, de = (+21) + 80K) dt. Dovends Si avae = f ce-sepae + aroma + @e—ieende = 2 (&) Karé yixog emg evteiag ypayuurig and xo (0,0,0) fis to (0,0,1) éxoune #=0, y=0, dz =0, dy=0 ew to 2 peraBarderar and 0 fos 1, Euvents ro ohoxkipaua Katd pijKos autos tov HEpous tov ps ov eivat f° 20F—aoxon0 + eor+soran + G-aoounde = fia =KEO.1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EMITAXYNEH, 23 Kad pinos eng eeias ypaysnig ard ro vd toy erapainerar and 0 tog. Siver J, @OF-suay0 + ey+3OMa + A-sOMH0 = f 1) tag to 11,1), exouue 2 =0, 2=1, de =0, d: To Ohox}yjpwHa 6° avrd to Epos TOU Spspou eivar Yydy = 1 ° Karé yaixos rns evfeias ypayprig and 10 (0, ew 10 peraBarrcrar and 0 Ewe 1 2) tug to (1,1,1) éxoune y=1, 2=1, dy=0, dz=0, Euvend, To ohoehfpowa o° atS to wlpos tov Bp6uo0 sive JL 2 oan de + (eay+seayo + U-decyan9e = ff (xt—ade = 5 0 (©) Kara yrixog tng evdeiag ypanutis and to (0,0,0) éws to (1,11) ezoue 2=t, v=t, 2=¢. ext de ~ dy ~ de ~ dt, eivar fava Boverdg Sst oy de + nese dy + dete " Sf an-enyee + aeramar + a-ane Si eesimaya = a Ag ompetote’ dtr o! aur nv xepiztwon 1 ty tov ohoKhnpduatos eEapnérm axé to Spdno. 140. Av A (Qary + 2*)i + (a? + 2y)j + (8xz*—2)k, SeiEte Sut (a) to S Ardr eivat avetaptnto and t0 Spdu0 C nov ovvééer ta onpeia (1,1, 1) wax (2,1,2) war (b) Bpeite tv ty} tov Ard to MpopA. 1.38 éyoune VXA = On Acde = de = d(sty + 22% + y2— 22). Euvendg, 10 oho kiijpopa civar avefépmro axd to Spéyo Kat n ryuh ToD eivat fOr aster = GO ater 22 +29 Sonn ain aun = ty tase y—ae (OP = ag AIA@OPA TIPOBAHMATA LAL. Acigte du, av ta @ kat b dev civar cvyypappixd, tore n 2a+yb = 0 ovvendyera tig a = y=0. Boro 2#0. Toren za+yb =0 cwendyera my za=—yb a=—(y/2)b, dnd. ta a Kat b pe Re va civat RapéhAnha je my {Sra evseia (ovyypaypxd), xov avePaiver ory uRdGEOn. overt, yb=0, and mv oxoia y=0. 142, AciEre étt or StavOvior evde naparimdypauuon 61y0- Topobvrat peTaks tous, Eotw ABCD to Sotv xupatinrsypayyo, tov onoiov ot Bayovior tépvovrar oro P, dros gaivera ato Ey. 1-28, Ered BD + b, BD =b—a, ‘Apa BP = x(b—a), Eneid AC = a+b, AP = y(a+b). ANG AB = AP+PB = AP—BP, Bnd. a = yla+b) — 2(b—a) = (2+ y)a + (y—z)b. Encidy} ta a kat b cfvar jit ourypapnixd, and to Mpéph. LAL eyoune 2 +y =1 Kat y—z=0, Ona. z= y= 4 KU TO P civ 10 péco Kat tev Sto Siayaviov.24 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNEH KEO1 143, Acigte 6tt ya KaGe Siévuopa A civar (a) A= (A-ii+ (Aci) + (AWK (bt) A = A(cosai+ cosf j + cosy k) nov a B,y eivat ot yovleg Nov oxnHariter wo A pe w i,j,k avciororya Kat ta COSA, 60 f, cos y hEyovtat cvmuicova karet@ovons tov A. (@) "Exome A= Ajit Agi +Agk eat Asi = (AGHAG+ AME = Ay Ash = (Ad + Ag+ Agk)) = Ay Ask = (Ait Agi +Agk)*k = Ag Eovendg A= (Atii+ (Asi) + (AWK o Asi = |Allilcosa = A cosa Asi = |Allijcos@ = A cose Ask = [Al[k] cosy = A cosy And 0 pépos (a) éxoue A = (ACDE+ (ADI + (Arbok = A(cosa i + cos pj + cos y k) 144. Aciéte i to V¢ civar Eva SuavuoHa KdBeto ory empavera (x, 4,2) = C epi. "Boro én r= zit yj tsk civar ro Sidvvopa eons evds tyxaiou ompeio Plz,ys#) ms emupdveras. OV ¢ pia ota Tore to de — deitdyj + deh welsur ovo exinedo nov egdneerar omy empavota oro P, ARE 8 90 4 8 ay 4 38 (844 285 4 He) ett ens do = San Mays ttae = 0 4 (ie8tseMu)ecersani tan = 0 anh. Vordr = 0, xa éror to Ve civ xdBero oe xdde de Km cvvends xt oY emgdvera, 145. Bocite Eva povadiaio Stavucpa KaBero omY emtpdvea 2x* + dyz—5z* = —10 oto onpcio P(3,-1,2). Ané to TIpéBh. 144 to Stdwopa ov civan xaBero Vitet + 4ye— 522) = dei + Aaj + (dy —102)ke en empavera eivar 121 + 8) — 24k oto (8,—1,2) “Brow tvu povuduuiy Guveopa nov civat xdVere omy onipévea oro P civat to 121 + 8) — 24k +2) - 6k CREF r+ Hae 7 i+ 2 re 1.46. Mia oxdha AB ynixovg a axouind névo oe Evav Kataxdpv9o toizo OA (Zz. 1-29). H Béon B img oxdhag anopaxpivetar we oraBepr} taxirnta ve. (a) AeiEte Sut to Héoo ts oKdAas Biaypagct tEo KiKAov axtivas a/2 we Kévtpo to O. (b) Bpeite my taxétta Kat to pétpo ag taydrntag tou wéoou Mg aKdAag tm aTLyHH} nov to B Bpickerat ce andotacn b it énov 3 = do/dt. H raybmra me Baons B me oxdias civar = 4 ee i) = -asine di asin —% wi = (0B) = Fic cose i) eH H asined ° ‘Th oteynr nov to B Bpioxera oe ardoraon b and tov toixo éxoupie and mv (2) a asing ~ aa “Exot ard tny (1) n Cntobuevn taxtmmta tov Men aren anei sium de at to wérpo rms civar avp/2Var— 25 a) @ LAT. “Eotw 61 (7,8) rapiototv tig rohixés ouvteraypéves nov neptypdgovv tm Oéon evdg copa- tidtov. Av ni civat to povadtaio Stévucya otV KatebBevon tov diavicwatos Géons F Kat @: eivar to povadiaio SidvucHa KdBeto oto F Kat oTHY KaTe\BuVEn nov avgdver nO (BRE ne Ey, 1-30), Geitre on (a) ry = cosa i+ sind i, —sin9 i+ cos oj (b) i = cosér;—sin# 6, j = sinér +cos9 a; (a) Av r civat ro dtévvoua Béons tov awuatisiov ce onot- abrirore ory t, tére ar/ar civan éva Budvooua cea i mtduevo otny xapniin # = avaBepy, Sn. éva Sravi~ ona omy Kared@von tov r. ‘Eva ovadiaio Stavu- ona o' aur env Katei8uven elvat to nee » trsingj @ Eneide rarity e086 Snug gaiverar and to Ey. 1-30, Exoune & = cosoit sine i, ar Ero ore — ry = coset | sine j “6 Ey. 1-30 “Opora ar/9 civar eva Siévuoua epartduevo ony Kaynlhn r= oTaBepH. “Eve piovabiaio Side yooua 6 avr my Kazeiloven eivar to ua HL em won, a | 1 el la ‘An6 tv (2) ex0vne mrainei + roonei, [etl O onére and tny (4) énerar 6 6) = —singi + cosey wo © (0) Avrd ta anotekécpata rpoxinrowy, av hicovne 10 obornpa tav ektadcewv (3) Kar (5) og RPOg H Kat j.26 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIIITAXYNEH, KEo 1 148, Acitre én (a) f= 681, (0) (a) And my (3) tov Mpofik. 147 éxoupe # = Mt 2 Mar, Mae * at ‘Or dt” 0 dé = (OF) + (— sing i + cose NG) = (8) And say (5) tov TpoBA. 1.47 éxoune : day i = os de Ode a 7 wa wa = (OF) + (cose i— sing 56 LAS, ActEte Gut ov nudixés ouveeraypéves (a) 1 taxétnra eivat vs intrda xat (b) 1 enitéyvvon eivar rbyns + (r+ 278)6 (@) "Exowe # = ry, on6te a ar v~ a > at and to Tp6ph. 1.48(a)- (8) An6 0 Epos (a) cov MpoBh. 1.48 éxoune dv og. ag = Gln tried pt rie, tri Fry + Hoey) + fhe, + ria, + Gan) (Fri, + OF + BF Oy ‘Adora TpoBirjpara AIANYEMATIKH AATEBPA. 150, Aivovrat 860 Staviconata A xa B. Tlapaoriote yeaoxdé my woornra 4A + 8(B~A) = A+ SB. 151. Aivovrar 1a Saviouata A, B xa C. Karaoxevdate ta Stavicpara (a) 2A— SB + 4C, (b) C~$A+ 4B. 152, AV A. Kat B civat 800 yn unBevind Guuvapara nov Sev éxouv my iBia BuesBovan, BeiEre Ar to PA+ GB eke vat Eva Stévecua rou Bploxerat Gro exinedo nov opifouv ta A Kat B. 158. (a) Hpoabtopiove 10 Brévuoua ov éyet apy to (21,8) Kat népag to (8,32) uerafi tov Bio ompicioy tov pépovs (a). AR, (a) §+3)—Tk, (6) VIR 4). (B) Bpeite my axdoraon 154, “Eva xpiyovo Gye 1s xopueés tov ota enpcia A(2,1,—1), B(—1,3,2), C(1,—2, 1). Bpeice to pros sng Siae toov ims meupdg AB. At. 486 155, “Evag dvOparos takiSeber 25 km fopewoavarokixd, 15 km mpos avarohds xat 10 km xpos véro. Xpnor omotdveag ya KardAANn Khivawa Rpogdioptore (a) YPupLKA Kar (d) avuAVURE novO HaKprE war eo TOKE Karei@ovon tivat autos and tv apysKy tov Béon. Am, 33.6 km, 13.2° Bdpeia tg avarohi.KEO. 1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EMITAXYNEH, 27 156. Bpeite éva povasiaio dtévucua om Stetdwven tg oUvIGtapEvns tov Biawoydtov A = 2i-j+k, B it}+2k, C= Si-2tak. Ax. = (61-2) + Tey/VER EEQTEPIKO ‘H BA@MQTO TINOMENO 157. Yxonoyiote to (A+ B)*(A—B)|, av A = 2—3)+5k xa B= 3i+j-2k. An, 24 158, Tpocdtopiote to a éror Gore ta 21-3) +5k xa 3i+aj—2k va civ xéGera. An, @ 4/8 158. AVA =2i+j+k B on to» B. Az 17/8 = 2) 42k xa C= 4) +2k, Apcise env xpopody sov A+E om diciue 1.60, “Eve spiyovo Exe ng Kopuets tov osu anucia A(2, 3,1), B(-A, 1,2), CL,—2,8). Bocive mv ofcia yoria row crunuaricer n Stauton, orqy nhevpd AC ye vay shapé BC. Ar.” eos” VSI /I« USL, AetEre to w5u0 tov cvrmuirovon ya +0 tpiyevo ABC, Snh. ef = aF+b%—2ab cosC. [Yrdserén. Tlipse ne mieupés tpia Staviewara A,B,C, Srov C= AB, Kat zpnoworoujore my CC = (A—B)-(A—D).] 162, AciEre 6x o1 Biaydvior evds poufon civar xdBerEs peraks roVs, EEQTEPIKO ‘H AIANYEMATIKO TINOMENO 188. Av A = 2i—j+k xat B= i+2j—3k, Bpcite to |(2A+B) x (A-2B)). 4x. 25V3 164, Bpcite tva povastaic Stdwvopa wiBero oto eninebo + An, = (2+ W/V w Siawondtay A = Si— 25+ 4k Kat B= 1+j—2k. 1.65. Bpeite to euBab6 tov tprvdvou ue Kopvoés ta (2,-8.1), (1,-1.2) (-1.2.3). An. 4VE 1.66. Bpcite ty axdoracn rov anpion (8, 2,1) ard to exinedo nov opiCerar and ra onuicia (1,1,0), (8, —1,1), (10,2). Am 2 sind _ sin B _ sin @ 5 © Get ot mevpés civ cpia Saviopata A,B,C uc A+B+C = 0 ar ndpre to ekorepixé ywvduevo tev Bio wehov ye to A xat éxerta pe 10 B] 161, tigre t0 v6uo row qurrdvov wa to spiyvo ABC, dn. - [Yrddeién. Ccoprjore TINOMENA TPIQN AIANYEMATON 168. AVA = 24 j-3k, B= i-2B+k Kor C= -i+j—4k, fpcize ca (a) A+ (BXC), (6) C+ (AXB), (©) AK (BAO), @) (AXB) XC. Am (a) 20, (6) 20, (¢) 81—19)—k, (a) ZO1— 10) 10K 169. Aeigte St. A+ (BX C) = (AXB)+C, dni. to cowrepied Kat to ekorepIKd yivspevo uRoposv va evadhayotw. 110. Bpcite tov dyxo evds napakanhenineSou tov oxoiov ot axpés Sivovtar a Qj+2k, C= Si-j—%K. — Ax. 3 A=2+3)-k B LIT. Bpeite tov dyxo evss tetpacSpov He Kopveéc ora onneia (2,1,1), (1,—1,2), (0,1,—1), (1-21). An. 43 472 Asiéxe Su (@) As(BXC) = B+(CXA) = C+(AXB), () Ax (BC) = B(A+C) — C(A-B). 113. (@) “Foro 601 rity ty civ ca Stavionara tong spiGv ompclow Py,Py.Py aveiororya, Acibre Sx n cE soon (=n) * (=) X (e=19)] = 0, dxov F = zit y) tek, xapiotave 0 exineio nov opiCerat and ta Py, Pp Kat Py. (b) Bpcise my eSiowen ov eninedov nov xepvd and ta onucia (21,2), (—1, 2,3) (41,0), | ax.) 2ety—82 = 9 HIAPAPOLIEH KAI OAOKAHPOEH AIANYEMATIKON ZYNAPTHEEQN Lk “Eo A = (240) + (®—2e)k. Bovice ta (a) dAsdt xa (6) PA/AE ya t= 1, An. (a) 31—3j—k, (6) 2) + 2k 175. Avr =acosut +b sinut, Gnov a nut b civue déu wzdviu crudepd wn oUTYPABNIRA StavooHATG Kal wef vat pia ovadepy|, Beifre St (a) rx dr/dt = w(axb), (6) dr/dt?+u%r = 0,28 1.76. att. 18. 179, 1.80, Lat, 1.82, AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNEH, KE 1 " ; fs a Av A= imsintk xo B= costitsinti +k, Bpcice my F(A'B). An. —t sing a B , Aeitse 6 F(AXB) = AX E+ SE x B, Sxov A xat B civat napaywyiowies owaprijacts tov w. 2k) = ACs) du. ; he al) = du Dt + eee unto we) f"atran, a fe an A-ha Ooms Bpeite tm Stawopariey cuvdpenen Blu) ya tay oroia dB/dut = Gui ~ 48u2j + 12k, nov B = 2i—3k wat dB/du =i+5j yo w= 0, Ar. (ud ut Di + Gu dus) + (Gu? — 3)ke ee 2R eR Ay R= styl 2y%j + 2y%eth, pete vo |=R , SB x ZB) oxo onneto (2, 1,2 an. 16V5 nse me . Ve Ay A= atm pt atk xo: B= plt adapt, ohne 10 BAR) oro ome CL ae ah} TAXYTHTA KAI ETIITAXYNEH 1.83, 186, 1.85. Eva auparisio xweivar xavd jxog tng xapAns F = (2+ H+ (BE 2)) +20 — 40k, dxov t 0 xpdv05 Bpetee (a) env toxiryea, (b) ev extedquven, (€) ro wéxpo mE raxOrMtag xau A) to pErpo tms emeézovoNs Tm own ¢= 2. An. (a) 5i+ 35+ 8k, (b) 21+ 16k, (c) 7V2, (d) 2VE5 Eva cuparisio xiveizat xavé pixos plas KauROAns He Rapapecpixts eEiodorts x = emt cost, y = emt sin, 2 = 67% Bocite 10 pétpo (a) ms tayormras Kat (6) tne exttdyuvens ce onoabrjxore atiyuH t. An, (a) V3er', (0) VBer* To Stévvana Bons evdg couaridiov civat rm xpovusd orth tr = a cosutitasinut j+ bt, (a) Acié- Te OM, Kapsko Tov to UEtpO mE TaxLmMtas Tov oupaTiBioD avgdvet HE TO xPOvO, TO WETPO THS ERITaOvOTS civat Tévrote orabepd. (6) Mepiypayere env xivnon tov cwpariSion yeaperpixd. EXETIKH TAXYTHTA KAI EIIITAXYNEH 1.87. 188. Ta dtavicuata Heong O00 coWaTOWwY evar Fy = A —CJ+(2e+3)K kar Fp = (@t— 3+ Ae — OK avei- rorya. Bpeite (a) m oxerixr} vazbrnra xar (b) tm Ozer extrdyoven tov Sedtepou cwparibtov ws xpos to npato tm ova An. (a) ~5i+6j~5Sk, (b) —6i +2) 6k “vag odnyés avtoxivrirou tazGeier Bopcioavarohixd ue 26 km/m Kat napatnpet 6x 0 dvepos gaiverat St épyerar und ta foperodurixd. ‘Orav ofnyei vorioavatokixd we 30 km/h, 0 dveyos paivera va épyerar and 60° vétia te Bions. Yrohoyiote ty taximza tov avéwou ws xpos 10 éagos, An. 52 km/h ue KatedBuven 30° votia ms dions, Eyac dv8punos nov civat péoa oe ya Bapxa orn jue Thevpd evds norapod Béhet va Méet oe Eva onHeLo aKPI- Bas antvest rou xn Gln mevpd roy Foros. Ay to ios ro monayod eves D xa ot taxes eng Bapag Kat tov vepou eivar V xar v Ae Esto ABCD éva terpirhevpo Km P.Q,R xat Sta péoa tov Sradoximéy wheupav tov. Aeiéte du (a) xo PQRS civ naparinhdypauno, (8) n rEpinerpos tov PQRS civa ion we to dOpoispa tov ynKev tov Suryeviev tov ABCD. Acire 6 ya yovie evyeypayuivn oe nusxixiro evar pS Bpcite to povadiaio Sidmoua nov sive xéBero ory empévera ty —2zz+ 2y%et = 10 oto onpcio (2,1, 1). An, (31+ 4j— 6k)/V61 ga aA Acigre 6A a Av A(u) efvar wa napayeyiown cwvdprman tov u Kat |A(u)| = 1, deifte Su to dA/du civ xéGero oto A Acie 61+ (¢A) Ve) A+ 9A). Av AXB=AXC, civn oxoodtinote B=C; Eéniiove vari Eva mholo akiSeie Bopsioavarohixé we 15 km/h. “Evus dvOpwnos névw oro mofo rapamnpet twa éhho hoi nov Bpickerar 5 km Sutuxé xai gaivera va vakSeiet vétia we 5 km/h, (a) Fore eivar n xpaywarixy} sayienta tov ddAov rhoiou; (8) Ze o1d andotaon Ba EABovv ta mola to éva Koveitepa ato GAho; Aclére Sx (AB) + (CXD) + (BX C)+(AXD) + (CXA)+(BXD) = 0. Aiore ty e&iowon @r/dtt An. ¥ = (ut foe ok, drov g civar ya oradepr, av 0 kat de/dt = vge em oteKEO1 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EIITAXYNEH. 31 Laz, 12s, Lis, 1130, Last, 13, 1138. 1am. 1135, L136, Last, aa. Av @ = (ty tat), Geigte ou V8p = V+(Ve) = 0 oe xdBe onucio extds axd to (0,0, 0). H tayirnra e&65ou ms opaipas and to ot6uro evds Sxhov eivar 100 km/h. Méco xpévo xperdGerar ja owaipa ya va Stacyice my Kévyn tov Sxh.ou Rou éyet priKOs 0.7 m, av Seztoine Sti n Gpaipa éxer oraBEpH extéqwon uéoa omy xévn; An. 058 Exéha AB prixous 8 m etvat axoupmoyévn 0° évav xaraxdpugo toiyo OA dnug oto Ey, 1-29, eh. 24. AV n Bion B rns oxddas anoyaxpiverar and tov rotzo we tazirmra 4 m/s, Bpeive (a) my raxirmra Kar (b) tv enttayuvon ts Kopugrig A me cxdhag tm oHty| Mov to B axéyei 4.6 m and tov + AR. (a) 2.81 m/s xpos ta xéco, (b) 3.48 m/s? npos ta Kétw. Acigte 61 (a) |A+B| 5 [A|+|Bl, (6) |A+B+C| 5 [Al +|B)+[C|. Adove xénora yeouerpeer ebriynon Eva tpaivo Eexivi and ty npeuia ye oraQepr} emrdxuvon. Merd 10 s ro tpaivo éyet tayérnta 32 km/h, (a) Méo0 anéye axé to onpeio nov Eexivnoe werd and 15 s xat (b) now Ba civat 7 tayieNTa tov Ge km/s; Ax. (a) 100m, (8) 48 km/h. Aciére 6t1 to pétpo ms entrdguvenc evde caparibion nov xweinm névw oe pa tpLédorarm xapRUAN iver V (drat FARE Snov vn egartouevixy tayienra eat Ry axtiva Kaumvisenras Av T eivat to povaitaio egantéuevo Stdvvapa oF pla Kayman C Kat A éva Stavvouarixé neBio, SeiEte bx ieee ates onov s civat n napénerpos ytikos x6E OU. (3,0,0), (3,2, 0). An. 12 “vag ofntyé¢ avroxivnsou Eexivd and to onpefo A evds Spdpov xat orapard oro B, agot éyet Savior anéotacn D ce xpévo T. Karé ey Stdpxcia tov ragi6ioi tov xiveitat ye Kénota wéysorn taysenta Ve Y- nodérovras dct n enitdxvon civat otadepy Katd mv apzil Kat to tékoG TOU TakABIO, Siete de 0 zpdvos KarE tov onoio tak ibeier je tm ue norm tayitnta civat 2D/V — 7. ‘tigre dx ot Budueoot evds spryOvou (a) jxopotv va oynuatioowy éva tpiyave, (b) uvovea Ge Eva ompEKO nov yopiier to wixos ms xABe Brayéoov ot Aéy0 Slo. RPO Eva. Ay éva cowaridio nov xiveirat xaré prixos pas KouMbAns Eyer raysenta v KaL emedyowan a, Seite Seen untiva RaWKUAGIILUS Lg ABHROAM Givedut aprOwreRG UX TH] oZeon R= ivxal Aciéte St to euBads evds tprydvov nov cxmwarifera and va Stavionata A,B xa C civ $/AXB+ BxC+CxAl, (a) Aetgre 6. 1 ekiowon AXX = B prope va AvBci ws mpos X, av Kat povo av A+B =O xa AXO, (b) Acitre ox pia A6on eivat X = Bx AVA? (0) Mropei va Bpedet n yevuxt| Aion; An. (0) X= Bx A/AP +A, brov » twxdv Baduard péyed0s, Rprite Sia ta Kiowiqwara X ya ta onoia sivas A+X = p. Ax. X = pA/JAP+VXA, dxov V avvaipero dtévvopa, And Eva onpsio oto cowtepixd evds tprydvov gépoune xpeis ypaunés napddAnhes avriarorya pos TIC tpEIs mhevpés tov rpryOvou ov KatadsiyoUV arts GARE S00. AciEte dx to dOporcua TOV AdyOV to HNKdv aUTaY Tov ypannay mpos tte avriotoryes mhevpts civar 2 Av T, N xat B= TXN civat ro povadaio epantépevo Sévvoya, 1 ovadtaia xpéen KéBern Kat | HOVER Baia Sedtepy KABern was Aeiag KapRins tov rpLSLdctarou yOpov ¥=x(u), Beikre Set aT «B aN Gu GaN, Sa Bar Avroi ivan ot rizot row Frener-Serret. Ze autoiic rove téxovs 10 x civat nN KaUMURTHTA Kat rn atpEWN Tne cauniang. Ta avtictpogd tov R= Vx xa o=1/r Léyovear axriva Kaymvhdentas Kat axtiva otpéyns.382 AIANYEMATA, TAXYTHTA KAI EITITAXYNEH KE 1 1.143, Ero Ey. 1.31 AB eivat n paBdoc evds euPodou war éyer prixog L Av to A xiveitar Kata prKog tS Opt Sévnas yay CD, eva to B xwelvat pe oraBeph yovaxh waxienta w oF we REplgepsLa Kikhov exrivus @ pe xévtpo to O, Bpcite (a) ty tayitnta Kat (b) Hv emtéyoven tov A Dy. 181 By. 182 1144, Mia Baipxa Eexwd and to onpcio P (Bréne Ey. 1-32) om a ehevpd tov norayod xau xiveitan pe taxérnra V oradepob pérpou Kat ue Katei@uven névra mp0 to anucio Q omy Gdkn Mhevpd tov roraHOd, axpips untvaves uno co P nut vs axdowuoy Daud word. Av ¥ civat y oteyaia axGutuon Uy Pdpaus and Ww Q, # n yovia perak6 ro r eat eng PQ Ka o novay6s péet pe taxirnta v, SeiEte Sut n tpoxd ms Bépxas Bt verat axé tm oxéon D seco eee tan 1145, Av v=V oto Mpopa. 1.144, BeiEre dn n tpoxtd civan r6Eo napaBor‘s 1146, (a) Acibte om ot KunvSpixés ouveerayuives (p, 4.2) (BRéRE Ey. 1-33) ro Stévwoua Béons civar 1 = peosgit psingj + 2k (®) Exepéore my rayimnra ot wvhsvSpuxés ovvrerayuéves (6) Exepéore my emséxwon o& xvaiipuxés ouveeraynives. An. (b) v = be, + obo: + 3k (©) a = (Bo piles + (08 + Bide + ¥ Poe) Pinas) KuaniBpixés ovvreraynéves Boarpixés ovvreraypéves By 1-33 Ey 134 LAAT. (a) acigte 11 oe eparprKes ouvterayueves (7,8, ¢) (BAERE Ty. 1-34) to dtdvooua Sons twat r = rsingcosgit rsing sing j + rcosek (8) Exppdore mv tayimnta ot cpmpixés ouvtetaypives (e) Exppdore my entrdzwwon oe cgaipixés ovvteraypeves, An. 4 (rig +273 sine + ri sin ale, 1148, Aciéte Sti, av éva caparibto xiveirar oto enineSo zy, ta axotehoyata tov Mpofh. 1.146 kat 1.147 avéyovrat foe autd tov Mpoph. 1.49.