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When a patient feels pain, you as a doctor or as a nurse, can diagnose تشخصhis pain
through listening to his description وصفof the pain and through the expression of
his face.من خالل تعبيرات وجهه
What is pain ? Pain is a vital part جزء حيويof our body's defenses دفاعات, and
without it we can not survive ً يبقى حيا.
Why do we feel pain? We feel pain to warn us that there is danger inside
our bodies to warn and so we can avoid damage to our body
Pain teaches some lessons that we must avoid dangerous conditions.
How does pain happens? nerve endings النهايات العصبيةin our skin and in
our internal organs أعضائنا الداخليةsend messages ترسل رسائلthrough the
central nervous system to our brain, so Pain happens لذا فإن األلم يحدث.
What are the main types of pain?ما هي أنواع األلم
Acute pain ألم حادand a chronic pain دائم ألم-مزمن.
What is a REFERRED PAIN?: This kind of pain happens when the internal
injuries األضرار أو األمراض الداخليةcause pain in a different part of the body
and not exactly in the injured part. This happens because internal organs
don't have receiving nerve endings.وذلك ألن األعضاء الداخلية ( كالقلب) ليس
لها نهايات عصبية لإلحساس
Example for the referred pain when a patient has a heart attack, he feels
pain in his left shoulder, arm or hand. يسمع في مكان وموضع أخر غير الذي به
َ األلم
33 ) الضرر أو المرض أنظر الشكل ص
How do drugs ( medicine ) work? ما هي ألية عمل الدواء
Drugs work By two ways :
1- By closing or blocking the nerves' messages to prevent them getting to
the brain.
2- By changing the way the brain receives the messages to reduce their
effect
What are other ways of controlling chronic pain without drugs ?
By a ( hypnosis تنويم المغناطيسي،, acupuncture الوخز باإلبر, massage والتدليك،,
electronic stimulation of nerves ، ))والتحفيز االلكتروني للأعصاب.
What is " Phantom limb pain ? " ألم فانتوم الوهميIt is an example of
strange neuropathic pain الم أعصابcaused by damage to the remaining
nerve. ( a patients of an amputated legs still feel pain in the missing leg. )
Exercises On Pain
1- Finish using one word from the list :
Dull ache – cramping pain – throbbing pain – sharp pain -
shooting pain - stabbing pain – burning pain
1- A …………………………………….. Feels like fire.
2- A …………………………………….. Feels like a knife, a dagger or a scalpel is
stuck into you
3- A ………………………………………is Steady and not very painful.
4- A ………………………………………is Strong and sudden.
5- A ………………………………………Comes and goes rhythmically .
6- A ……………………………………… Feels like a muscle is being squeezed.
7- A………………………………………. travels fast along part of your body.
8- ( Hypnosis – gas – air - anesthetics ) is an alternative form of pain relief.
( What else ) ?
9- ( migraine is a ( mild – severe – slight – moderate ) headache.
10- ( Meddlers – medics – medicines – middles) are medical staff.
11- A constant pain is a/an ( frequency – type – number – amount )
kind of pain.
12- When an internal organ doesn't have a receiving nerve ending, internal
injuries cause pain in a different part of the body . This is called ( referral –
14- A pain that travels fast along part of your body is described as
( throbbing – burning – cramping- shooting)
1- The first patient Feels like ………………… pain in around his stomach.
(fire – stabbing – agonizing )