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173 Sample Chapter
173 Sample Chapter
− θ − θ
=
θ − θ θ − θ
− −
=
− −
−
=
−
=
= +
= −
= +
=
=
1
Q2-1 (out)
P
W
Z
2
Water W1-2 (In)
Adiabatic vessel
V
Paddle
Σ =
Σ
Heat source TH
QH
Heat source
Engine E W = QH – Q2
Q
Q2
Engine E W
Heat sink T2
Q=W
An Impossible Engine A Possible Engine
High temperature
sink
Heat W=0
Pump or
Refrigerator
System
boundary
Low temperature
source
Impossible
−
=
γ −
− =
−
− −
= = = −
η = −
−
η =
+
η =−
=−
=−
=
+
Hot reservoir
T-1
1 Q1
1 4
Ref 4
or W P T
H.P. Q1
2 2 3
3
Q2
Cold reservoir
T-2 V S
=
−
=
−
Hot reservoir T1
100kJ
100 kJ 80 kJ
T2 2
T 0
1
T1
S1 S2
S
−
= ×
=
δ
δ
∫ ≤
∫
=
∫
<
∫
>
= = = =
− −
=
= =
=
−
η =
=
= =
=
∫
=
∫
=
∫
>
∫
= ∫
+ ∫
∴ ∫
= −
=
∫
= −
=
∫
= −
=
=