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Question 4

4a) (x2) H2(g) + F2(g)  2HF (g) delta Hr = -537kJ

(x2) C(s) + 2F2(g)  CF4(g) delta Hr = -680 kJ

(Reverse) 2C (s) + 2H2(g)  C2H4(G) delta Hr = -52.3 kJ

C2H4(g) + 6F2(g)  2CF4(g) + 4HF (g)

(iii) (ii) (i)

(i) 2H2(g) + 2F2(g)  4HF(g) delta H1 = -1074kJ

(ii) 2C(s) + 4F2(g)  2CF(4) (g) delta H2 = -1360kJ
(iii) C2H4  2C(s) + 2H2 (g) delta H3 = 52.3 kJ

(iv) delta H1 + delta H2 + delta H3 = delta H4

(-1074) + (-1360) + (52.3) = -2381.7 kJ

4bi) From the quantum numbers, the electrons is in the 3p subshell. When it gains energy, it will
have to move to another subshell of a higher energy value so therefore it will move to a 4s
subshell. It will not move to the 3d subshell but instead move to the 4s subshell because the 3d
subshell has a very high energy value than 4s.

4bii) frequency = velocity/wavelength

Wavelength = 1095nm

= 1095/1000

= 1.095m

Velocity = ?

c = velocity*wavelength

v = c/wavelength
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c = speed of light  3.00 * 108ms-1

wavelength = 1.095m

v = (3.00*108)/1.095 = 2.74 * 108

Therefore, frequency = v/wavelength

Frequency = (2.74 * 108) / 1.095

= 2.50 * 108 Hz

4c) The quantum mechanical model depends on quantum hypothesis, which says matter likewise
has properties related with waves. As per quantum hypothesis, it's difficult to know the specific
position and energy of an electron simultaneously. This is known as the Uncertainty Principle.
The quantum mechanical model of the particle utilizes complex states of orbitals (some of the
time called electron mists), volumes of room in which there is probably going to be an electron.
Along these lines, this model depends on likelihood instead of conviction.

Reference:

Atomic Structure: The Quantum Mechanical Model - dummies. (2021). Retrieved 7 January
2021, from https://www.dummies.com/education/science/chemistry/atomic-structure-the-
quantum-mechanical-model/