How many kinds of adult stem cells exist, and in which tissues do

they exist?
1. Skin stem cells (epidermis)
2. Neural stem cells (Brain)
3. Hematopoietic stem cells (Blood)
4. Epithelial stem cells (Body organ)
5. Mesenchymal stem cells (embrion)

Why do stem cells remain in an undifferentiated state when all the cells around
them have differentiated? What are the characteristics of their “niche” that
controls their behavior?
Because they are in a microenvironment with other stem cells and the factors that
control behavior cellular components, extracellular matrix, secreted factors, metabolism
and hypoxia.

Do adult stem cells have the capacity to transdifferentiate, and is it possible to

control this process to improve its reliability and efficiency?
Yes, but not all and if it would be possible to control the process

What are the factors that control adult stem cell proliferation and differentiation?
Micro-array analysis. And reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction

What are the factors that stimulate stem cells to relocate to sites of injury or
damage, and how can this process be enhanced for better healing?
The factor that stimulates the stem cells are the so called 'crines' that are in some
hormones, exomas and growth factors.