Unit5 I. LEAD-IN 4 4) The teenage years can be both difficult and wonderful. What are some of the things you like about being a teenager and what makes you sad now and then? Fill in the table and show your list to your groupmate. What is similar and different in your lists? Report your findings to the group. 8) Work in small groups and using the ideas you have collected make a mind map of teenage and youth problems. smisunderstandiog wth parents peer pressure YOUTH IS FULL OF PLEASURE?! 2 Read the statements about teenagers given below. Agree or disagree with them and give your reasons. USEFUL LANGUAGE i) 1) Young people often have arguments with their parents about clothes and make-up. 2) Most teenagers in Ukraine have to work part-time. 3) University students in Ukraine should wear a uniform of their alma mater. 4) The relationships with peers are of more portance for most teenagers than their relationships with their parents, 5) All young people realize that good education gives them better prospects for their career. 6) Teenagers tend to imitate people they look up to, mainly film stars and pop performers. 7) Many young people become intensely concerned about their appearance. 8) Many teenagers who drop out of school or neglect their studies come from families where learning is not encouraged. 67 LIRSNE OWORA— Unit 5. Youth /: II. READING Read the texts about two boys living on the same street. What problems do the boys have? Whose problems seem to you more serious? EDWARD Edward Frost, who had his share of problems, didn’t, see how he'd ever solve the biggest one. This was Martin Hastings, the bully of Barkham Strect: Martin was two years older than Edward, and there was no 5 solution for this. The fact that he had only one enemy didn’t help Edward, much, because Martin lived next door to him. Edward lived at number 21 Barkham Street, and Martin lived at, ‘number 23. There was no solution for this, either. 10 “Why doesn’t Dad get a job in Alaska, now that it’s a state?” Edward asked his mother one day. “Alaska would be fun,” Edward insisted, without much hope. “I'll bet there’s a lot of room for teachers up there. I bet they need them badly.” 15 Mrs Frost sighed. “Is it Martin Hastings again?” she said. Edward nodded. “What did he do this time?” This time Martin had chased him for blocks, and then, when Edward was absolutely exhausted and fell 20 down, Martin sat on top of him and pulled his hair and said over and over, “Uncle, say UNCLE...” Martin was a big boy, and Edward not especially. It ‘was an awful, grinding feeling to be sat on that way. ‘And though Martin hadn’t pulled hard it was terrible 25 to have your hair pulled at all. Edward had held out as long as he could, and then gasped, “Uncle,” and was released. He got up shakily, dusted off his trousers, and walked away with Martin’s voice loud in his ears. 30 “Don’t forget, now,” Martin yelled. “Whenever 1 look at you and wiggle my finger, you gotta say uncle, Understand, Weird One?” Edward kept walking, not too fast, because that might start everything all over again, but without 35 answering or looking back. He hated being called Weird One almost as much as he hated the pounding, but there was nothing he could do about that either. There was no point in telling his mother all this because it didn’t so much matter what Martin did or 40 said, it was just the fact that Martin was there, big and mean and living next door. It was the fact that Edward, looking ahead, could see no way in which any of this would be changed, unless Martin moved away or dropped dead. Neither seemed likely. “I’m going to get a crew cut,” he said now. “That's fine,” said his mother. “I think ['ll take a course in muscle-building, too. ll write to one of those magazines about how you get your muscles like cannon balls, and then I'l poke him in the jaw and knock him out for a week 50 and when he comes to I'll make him say uncle for month without stopping.” “You can’t do that. I mean, you can’t take a strong- man course.” “Why not?” “Because your muscles aren’t developed yet. What 1 mean is, you aren’t old enough for weightlifting and all that sort of thing. You have to be-oh, well into your teens before you can do such things.” “Oh, crums,” said Edward in a gloomy voice. That time seemed practically as far away as ninety- ight. Maybe he should concentrate on learning to run fast. He supposed it was cowardly to run, but the sight of Martin always got his legs into action before he had time to think. And if he HAD to run, the smart thing ‘would be to run fast enough not to get caught. “You know,” his mother was saying, “even if we did move somewhere else, it wouldn't be much help, “What do the mothers of the bullies say?” Mrs Frost shook her head. “I guess maybe they often don’t—— Unit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! — ; Martin Hastings’ mother "t know. Or won't believe it. ly can tell her anything.” heard Ruth Ann’s mother telling cone day. Ruth Ann's mother id Martin ought to be locked in attic until he comes of age.” “Oh, but that’s a dreadful thing 0 say.” fou know what he did? Ruth nn and some girls were making ‘a tea party for dolls in the back sd, and Martin went in and ced everything over, except “he drank the ginger ale — that ‘was the tea.” ‘Mrs Frost looked unhappy. «Well, ‘was a bad thing to do.” “Ruth Ann's mother and ‘Mrs Hastings yelled at each other all over the place, Didn't you them?” must have been away, thank wheaven. Edward, I don’t know ‘what the answer is. But I'm just glad you aren’t a bully.” id snorted. “Me? I’m kind who runs.” at else can you do? You “needn’t be ashamed of running if there’s nothing else to do.” “Dad says I should stand up to “How can you stand up to omebody twice your size?” “Dunno,” said Edward. But ‘secretly, while liking his mother for understanding how hard it all Iwas, he sort of agreed with his father. The trouble was that in order to stand up to somebody ‘you had to remember to stand and he always forgot and n. It was a problem all right. MARTIN As far back as he could remember, Martin had found Edward Frost a pain and a pest, about as pleasant to put up with as a nail in his shoe. A guy whose parents were forever fussing over him, taking him on picnics and to the zoo, turning up at school for assemblies and Parents’ Nights. A guy whose father had been seen pitching a ball to 5 him night after night, week after week, until Birdbrain finally learned to get the bat on it. A guy who didn’t have a brother, much less a sister, or any troubles at all, so far as Martin could see. But there was one thing Edward didn’t have that he wanted something awful. Something Martin had and Edward didn’t. A dog. That was 10 probably why he’d been even more of a nuisance than ever lately. Calling people names and then running home safe. Martin had always been able to make Edward run, to make him say uncle, even to make him cry. The times when he managed to make Edward or any other kid ery were in a way that Martin couldn’t 5 understand both the best and the most awful times for him. Somehow he would feel, watching the angry tears streak down a face in front of hhim, sort of relaxed and proud, sort of that’ll-show-them (even if he didn’t exactly know who them was). Then, when he'd hardly had time to feel that, he'd begin to get a little shaky, so he'd have to walk away 20 very fast. Today, hearing Edward call him Fatso, Martin forgot everything — the heat, his parents, his promises, even for one furious moment, his dog Rufus. He ceased to be Martin, desperately trying to turn over a new eaf, and became the bully of Barkham Street. 3 He took out after Edward, who could run fast but not faster than a wild person two years older and stronger, and in minutes he had Edward flat on the ground, pummelling him and pulling his hair. “Unele. Say UNCLE,” Martin growled through his teeth. Martin tightened his grasp and shook Edward’s head like a mop. “Say 30 uncle!” “Uncle,” Edward choked out at last, and Martin let him go, watching while the smaller boy slapped the dust off his trousers and started away. “You fat dumbbell,” Edward yelled, beginning to run again now that he 35, ‘was close enough to make to his house in safety. “Ah! The trouble with you is you're jealous,” Martin shouted. “You can’t have a dog because you're such a slob your parents won't let you!” “You young bully, why don’t you pick on someone, your own size?” said a quavery voice.4 Explain wnat these sentences from the text mean. Martin looked up and saw old Mr Eckman standing on his porch, shaking a white fist. “Somebody ought to tell your parents on you,” a) I'll bet there’s a lot of the old man yelled hoarsely. room for teachers up ind your own business, Prune Face,” Martin called up. there, 45 Except for his mother and father, there was no adult Martin b) I'm going to get a crew wouldn't treat with reckless insolence. Even teachers, even the i cut principal, even policemen. Always poking their noses into other ©) You have to be — oh, people's business, thinking just because they were big they could well into your teens push any kid around. And they always said that about picking on before you can do such 50 someone your own size, which was pretty dumb of them. The whole things point was WINNING, getting somebody angry or scared. How d) until he comes of age. could you do that with a guy your own size? If he pulled off Otto's e) A guy whose parents cap, for instance, and threw it up in a tree, something he often did were forever fussing over to Edward's, would Otto run yelling home? He would not. He'd him 55 take a poke at Martin, that’s what he’d do, And Martin wasn't sure f) That was probably why what he, himself, would do then. Maybe poke back. Maybe run? he'd been even more He just wasn't about to find out. of @ nuisance than Leaving Mr Eckman furious, Martin walked along home faster, ever lat hoping that his mother hadn’t by any chance stopped work early 8) He ceased to be Martin, 60 He passed Edward Frost's house, next door to his own, looking to t desperately trying to see if Edward was hanging around the safety of his yard, ready to t turn over a new leaf, yell Fatso, or Plump Pudding, before diving through the door. There and became the bully was no sign of him, Probably inside, complaining to his mother, of Barkham Street Martin thought scornfully. Edward’s mother, of course, would bh) Except for his mother 65 be there. She always was, afternoons, with cookies and stuff for and father, there was no Edward and his friends. adult Martin wouldn't At his house he was relieved to see the garage doors open, the treat with reckless garage itself empty. His father used their old car to drive to the insolence. office, and his mother had the newer one out on her job. She sold 10 cosmetics in people’s houses, and it kept her pretty busy afternoons. Martin had never minded, or anyway not very much, and it wouldn't have mattered if he had minded, because the Hastings family needed the extra money she made. He hoped that his dopey sister, Marietta, was out, too, visiting some of her dopey friends. 15 In the old days, before Rufus, it hadn't bothered him much, coming home to an empty house. ‘Sometimes he played the radio so loud it practically made the walls shiver. Sometimes he poked around in his father’s file box, which was forbidden and pretty dull when you got in it. Sometimes he= 40 just stamped around from room to room, blowing his bugle and himself. He was never going to get married or have a family, was for sure. The second he got old enough, he was going 10. somewhere far away and have lots of friends and a dog, but md 45 relatives. 70Unit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! — ‘Some phrasal verbs have more than one meaning. Decide which meaning is realised in the following sentences. 1. Edward had held out as long as he could a) to stretch (smth such as a head) forward; Db) to last; ©) to offer (smth); 4) to continue in spite of difficulties; refuse to yield. 2. ..and then I'll poke him in the jaw and ‘knock him out for a week. a) » ° @ 3. to remove (smth) with a sharp blow to make (someone) lose consciousne: to make (someone) go to sleep; to defeat (someone) or destroy (smth) completely. and when he comes to I'll make him say uncle for a month without stopping. a) ») 9 4) 4 a) b) 9 @d) Who do these sentences and phrases refer to? a) » 9 4) ° f) 8) hb) i) d co) to regain consciousness; to feel friendly or happy again: (of a ship, etc.) to come nearer to the wind; (of a ship, etc.) to stop moving. “Dad says | should stand up to him.” to continue to live in spite of (suffering, hardship, etc., or doing smth difficult); to oppose (usu. someone) without fear; to last in spite of (wear, use, damage, et or doing something harmful); to match (smth) in quality he was going to get a crew cut and a course in muscle building; he was going to go somewhere far away and have lots of friends and a dog; 5. Martin had found Edward Frost a pain and a pest, about as pleasant to put up with as a nail in his shoe. a) to raise (smth) to a higher level or position by means of (smth); b) to stay with (someone) overnight; ©) to bear or suffer (smth or someone bad) without complaining. 6. turning up at school for assemblies and Parents’ Nights. a) to (cause to) fold or point in an upward direction; b) to happen without effort on one’s part; ©) to make (someone) feel sick; @) to arrive or be found, often unexpectedly. 7. “You young bully, why don’t you pick on someone your own size?” a) to choose (smth); b) to choose (someone) for a purpose, often unpleasant; ©) to choose (someone) for punishment or blame; find fault with (smth). 8. “Somebody ought to tel! your parents on you,” the old man yelled hoarsely. a) to have a usually bad effect on (someone or smth); b) to inform against (someone). Peceeseeecsscesevsesessecsce he was never going to get married or have a family; hhe was a wild person; he lived at number 2! Barkham Street; he was the kind who runs; he hated being called Weird One; he was a guy who didn’t have a brother, much less a sister he was a guy whose parents were forever fussing over him; he'd been even more of a nuisance than ever lately; he treated adults with reckless insolence. 27. discuss these issues: ) What do you know about the boys? + the houses they lived in; + their age; + their families (their parents, sisters or brothers, pets): + hobbies; * characters. b) Why do you think Martin became a bully? ©) What feelings did Martin have when bullying someone? 4) Is bullying a common thing in schools, universities etc.? 71 eeessessesscesUnit 5. III. VOCABULARY Ay ‘While in our teens we may have problems of education problems of time management : unemployment problems : family problems : business problems : housing problems : problems of drug abuse money problems health problems Which phrases from the box below are close in meaning to the following? Dn 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) i) 8) a) to tackle a problem to make an effort b) to solve a problem A. sirkuytuea 9 to deal with ©) to fix a problem (AE) npoGiemo10 a problem 4d) to cause a problem B_ supimysara mpoGremy to make seem worse |e) to have a problem C matn mpo6semy or more important __f)) fo face a problem D_ ycksanmosarn than it really is 2) to iron out a problem mpo6uiemy to make worse h) to sort out a problem E nepeGinsuysara to make smth i) to exaggerate a problem mpoGremy happen D. to worsen a problem F yauxara supinrennis to accept that k) to control a problem mpo6stemit this exists D) to experience a problem G sirkuytHes 3 to get rid of m) to run away from a problem ‘TpyAHOULAMM y to find a way n) to come up against a problem supimtensi npo6nemn of dealing with ©) to come up against a brick wall H_ nero sapimurn to cope with p) tofind smth a stumbling block mpo6siemy. smth easily 4q) to find an easy way out ae, to describe these problems | big + painful + important major * minor + baffling difficult + burning + recurring urgent + chief * troublesome serious + key + challenging Range the problems in box A in order of importance to you. Explain your choice, using the adjectives from the box B e.g. The most painful problem for me is... Family problems are not as serious as. 10 Find all the equivalents to the following: 41 Choose one of your own problems that you would like to discuss with your groupmates. Here are some questions to help you develop your discussion. ) 2 » 4) 5) 6) 72 Is it a serious or minor problem for you? Explain why. When did this problem arise and what caused it? Can you run away from your problem? Is it a recurring problem or a one-off? Do you know any other people experiencing the same problem? What circumstances can worsen this problem? 7) Have you tried to solve this problem? 8) In what way did you try to sort it out? 9) What do you find a stumbling block to solve it? 10) Is there any quick fix for this problem? 11) Is there anyone who can help you iron out the problem? 12) Who do you usually ask for advice or help? 13) Does other people’s advice help you to tackle the problem?TROME IV. READING 42 Before reading the text match the words with their definition. Consult a dictionary if you need. 1) take a heavy toll on a) a thing that causes difficulty or hesitation; obstacle 2) stumbling block b) imprisonment while awaiting trial 3) custody ©) the crime of living on the streets 4) enroll 4) powerful effect 5) vagrancy ©) fail to help or support somebody as they had hoped or expected 6) impact f) have a bad effect on, cause a lot of damage, deaths, suffering 7) let down g) make smb a member of something 4 Read the texts below and use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits the space in the same line. A) Despite the many changes that have taken place over the past decade in Ukraine, teenage family problems are pretty much the same. Parents often Complain about their children’s (1) behaviour IMPULSE ies 0). rei whidhare often, NCTE IIS icaused by lack of (3) 4 or support RECOGNIZE ‘on their part. Besides, children seem 10 have the same kinds of @ 2 with their parents that their parents ARGUE, hhad when they themselves were young. It seems to come down to the 2 ©) between (cenagers’ desireto be independent {Ob 95) oY Ne of 6) the one hand and parents: wish to ' WDS¥yseCesy @) ae their children on the other. However, if both” * OTM: c 0) Bi) By Sides afe willing to compromise it is normally quite easy to @ | __~ any conflict. 304 WO B) Adolescents aged from 12 to 16 are mostly interested in friends of the same SEX. They choose friends who are (1) It is important for them because they want tolbe able to @) Good times-as well as bad times with them. Inisit easy for many teenagers to 3) _- contacts with peers, However, once they find an intimate friend, they-are ready to ® _ anything for them. That'$ why if they have fovbreak off with such a friend, it can turn out to be a very painful experience, Unfortunately, peers are not always (5) They can let their friends down, and even put (6) fon them.’ At the same time teenagers don’t often oppose to peer pressure because they are afraid of (7) LONEand Youth The political and social changes and the economic difficulties of the 1990s have resulted in an insecure society, in uncertainty about the future and an S unfavourable daily environment for teenagers. Young people in Ukraine, like people everywhere, face many challenges. In fact, the problems worrying teenagers reflect the problems of a society going through a transitional period 1 According to the survey a number of teenagers | are characterized by feeling a growing need to defend themselves, impulsive behaviour, rudeness, aggressiveness and settlement of conflicts through violence. They challenge conventions and become — 15 dropouts. The survey also shows that the young people are deeply concerned with material problems. They experience fear of poverty and are affected by growing material relations between people and therefore, delay ‘™ getting married until later in life. Some even say that they are losing hope for education since they can’t afford it. Quite a few students, especially those living separately from their parents, face the problem of funding themselves while they are studying. Trying 25 to find a way out, they work part-time to make thei living. But out of the frying pan into the fire. Their problem-solving becomes a stumbling block to their successful learning and passing the exams. Typical problems of teenagers are lack of 30 recognition in the family, lack of support, difficulties: in establishing contacts, loneliness. Friendship is of great importance to teenagers. They wish to have trustworthy friends not only to share good times but also problems. They are ready to sacrifice anything for 35 them. But teenagers easily break off with friends who let them down or if they get disappointed in them. Family problems like parents’ divorcing, a death in the family or violence in the home tell on teenagers. They have all possible arguments with their parents. 49 Now and then the arguments come down to conflicts Problems Facing Teenagers financial position of a lot of families in the Ukrainian in Ukraine between the teenager's desire to be independent of restrictions and the parents’ right to control them. Young people are encouraged to leave home by parents unable or unwilling to provide for them and soon they find themselves with a bad crowd in the street. 45 Only in 1996 around 12,000 teenagers were taken into Ukrainian police custody for vagrancy and begging. Different crimes committed by teenagers are influenced by the specifics of their age, physical and psychological development, as well as their social $0 and legal immaturity. The major threats for ‘street’ children, apart from criminal activity, are drug and tobacco addiction, toxicomania, alcoholism and prostitution. The national programme “Children of Ukraine” §, ‘foresees the development of measures to prevent juvenile homelessness and criminality by reforming education and law and activating social work directed at solving these problems. The aim of the programme is to help young people to realize their potential in life, 6@ to set goals and to make friendships with positive Pets. It is important to find ways to involve young people into different projects and programmes intended to address their problems. In Kyiy, for example, at weekends there is the so-called “trust bus” where one can talk to a psychologist or a doctor. Special courses for the young are conducted on j prevention of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases. Centres for social and psychological rehabilitation are organized at educational establishments for teenagers as well as for their parents. Special seminars are held by teachers and social workers for youth on the issues of sex education and the preparation of young people for married life. There are also youth- oriented programmes and talk shows on TV, problem 1 ages in youth magazines and special Internet sites that give the young people an opportunity to share their problems, find possible solutions and build up a positive view of life. The work requires further development and practical state support.45 Answer the questions to the text: 1) How have the political, social and economic changes in the Ukrainian society affected the position of young people? 2) What do the investigations of the social- psychological state of teenagers show? 3) How do material relations in our soc affect young people? 4) What way do different family problems influence teenagers? 5) Why are teenagers so much concerned about their relations with friends and peers? 6) What specific characteristics of teenagers lead to different crimes? 7) How does the national programme “Children of Ukraine” try to solve the problems of youth? 8) What are the aims of centres for social and psychological rehabilitation? 9) What other activities help to find solutions to youth problems? 10) What is necessary for the successful work of youth-oriented programmes? Beovcccoccccesceccsccce Find words or phrases in the text which mean the same as: + not safe + limitation + to be anxious + restoring smb to + marked by a normal life sudden action + an answer to + fight, dispute a problem, * attack, assault question or + be afraid of difficulty smb/ smth + to provide with + meet, encounter money + disagreement, + toend smth quarrel suddenly >2xeOpYBAHELT; yaAroMKeHHs KOCpIiKTIB; eillUT BUSHAHHS; CKOITH 3104HH; 18 Give English equivalents from the text to the following phrases: Hecnpusrsiupe nonesKaeHHe oToveHHst; nepexiaHMii nepion; spoctaioua noTpeba; MoraHa KOMIaHiA; NonepeHE yTPHMyBaHHA tig CHIICTBOM 3a OpomTKHMLTBO Ta ikoni oco6mmocri; iopuanuHa HeapisticTh; HapKOTH'Ha Ta TIOTIOHOBA 3as1e2KHICTB; LeHTpH CottiabHoi Ta NoHXONOTINHO! LOTIOMOrH; jlepxXabiia dorioMora; CeMinlapH 3 MHTaHE TUOTOBKH MOTOIHX 0 CiMeHHOTO KUTT; KMJATH BKK yMOBHOCTSM; crapaTn isroamu; GyTH cepiiosHo SarenoKoeHHM; nitayparn crpax smmuenHocri; Brpariryt naslilo OTpHMarH ocnity; 3aGesneuyparHt ceGe MarepiaIbHO; BCTAHOBJHOBATH KOHTAKTH; nepexvBarn pasom 706pi acu; NoxepTayBATH SMM 3aBTONHO 3apasUt KOTO-HEGYIIB; HeTKO MIPAMWHMTH CTOcyHKM 3 KUN-He6yAb; MpHsBoaHTH 0 KondaiKTiB; sanobirarH niuLiitkopiii slowHHOcTI; HaxpecmionaTH Ui; peaisyparn cBiik notenuian y xuTTi. —_-,, "1 the gaps with words related to the words in the table. NOUN VERB ‘ADJECTIVE develop poor recognize influence prevent | establish violence = anxious = homeless = lonely mature addiction, addict security certain 75Uni - ani {9 Form antonyms using 20) Substitute tho underlined words and phrases with their equivalents negative prefixes un-, in-, from the text. il 1) An unhappy home at can affect a child’s behaviour, Secure, certainty, 2) I don’t think I have ever had real depression favourable, direct, possible, 3) Many people are starving because of shortage of food in some dependent, legal, maturity, regions of the planet. effective, security, practical, 4) The government set up a special fund for poor families employment. 5) He is not a reliable partner, he never does what he promises. 6) She gave up her career to take care of her mother. 7) The police did everything to stop Ja ing 8) He can’t overcome his habit to, use. drugs. 9) They usually raise very important topics for discussion. 10) He was arrested when he was ney from passers-by. 11) When the dog attacked me ‘Boteet myself with a stick, 12) He can’t get along with children of his aze 13) After leaving home he found himself in a bad 14) All our efforts to persuade him ended in failure. V. SPEAKING AND READING 2 21 Study the statistics of 2000 for Ukraine. A Find the problems which were not [Lack of money ns | 83% mentioned in excercise 14. | Halo fiends and relatives 378% B Comment on the gender differences [Relations with parents 2% | 36% | in the results of the survey. How can you [Employment 196 [24% explain them? Relationship with a boy/girl-friend 18% 9% © Some people say that “there are no | Laskof teal friends 16% [9% problems — only challenges”. Which of these | Petsonal health 16% | problems can you consider a challenge? Loneliness 1% 6% 22 Complete each statement in two ways. Explain possible © © © © © 8 8 reasons and consequences. 1) Young people have many conflicts with | teachers/parents/peers. 2) Teenagers need their peers’ approval 3) Many adolescents commit crimes 4) Teens today may seem spoiled, undisciplined and selfish 5) Many government and non-government organizations offer anti-drug programmes 6) Many teenagers try to study hard Fashion and music are very important for teens 8) Many government and non-government organizations set up special help lines23 Fill in the gaps with the phrases from the box. HARD QUESTIONS “to put you at serious risk get yourself some help to quit “constant use “becoming totally dependent on it “to become addicted “to interfere with your daily activities Q.: Lately I've been smoking marijuana more and more. I’m afraid I’m going ). . How can you tell if you're addicted to drugs? A.: Any kind of experimentation with any drug is dangerous (not to mention illegal). Even a single recreational use of a so- called soft drug like marijuana is enough Q). ____. Drugs impair your judgement, interfere with your ability to behave rationally and can lead to the kind of reckless behaviour. The idea of harmless, social drug is a “total myth”. It’s true that not every single person who has ever smoked marijuana has spent the rest of her or his life as a drug addict. There’s a big difference between trying something once — or even a few times and (3) The moment you notice drugs beginning (4), you risk chemical dependence. For example: if you've been less interested in your friends and family, if your eating or sleeping patterns have changed, or if there are things you can't do anymore without smoking first, then you need to stop thinking of your habit as casual and (5) Another indicator of drug addiction is when people you know, whose opinion you trust, notice changes in you. One last point — addiction isn’t just about (6) , it’s also about consistent behaviour. A person can be an alcoholic even if she or he starts drinking only after coming home from work. The same is true of marijuanam3 (e) VI. READING AND LISTENING is full of plea urselves and not to have it imposed on us. But I think if y you wanted to be a doctor, for example, or an ar mind, They just understand that every girl at suggestion I can bring forward is that you should sj ‘more than other subjec fe really want to study at university as we have spent studying ALL the subjects, and now it’s quite heart- year, My best friend met a boy and they started gc so much afraid of all her girlfriends that she constai her par id her boyfriend will forget about her the moment I ive your friendship you know that you also have a boyfriend and you are reall in her joesn’t want you to know. She is either embarrassed or Btiraiiitb see yous She might have got pregnant or go4 ‘some criminal case. The reason she didn’t want you around abably because of your closeness. She knew you'd see or guess T don’t know if you'll ever know the truth. She is avoiding -vent you from knowing her skeleton in the cupboard. If you it’s really so important for you, all you can do is write to her a nail expressing your love and concern. Let her g happened and wishUnit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! — More and more young people now prefer to take a ‘gap- year’ before going to college. I'm not sure it’s a good idea for everyone as in a year you may forget half the things you learnt at school, but in your situation it looks like a perfect ‘way out — first, in a year you will be old enough to decide for yourself, second, some job experience will help you to decide whether acting is really the only thing you want to do in your life Your problem is not your appearance but your low. self esteem, You must wake up in the morning and say to yourself, “I'm a very beautiful and cheerful girl. I am the best!” What you told about her in your letter suggests it’s not really worth trying to get in touch again. She was friends with you while she felt it was really necessary for her. As soon as she felt she didn’t need you any more she threw you out of her life, Just do the same! Please don’t be upset about the “C.” Anyway, that’s good news to lots of teens. Be grateful for the fine mind you have and all the other top grades you've made. As a mother and former teacher, my idea is to ask the teacher for suggestions for improvement. Your potential is no secret to this educator. Look at this as an opportunity to locate a skill that needs honing before college. I think the best way out of your situation will involve compromise. 1 assume criminal justice would be your choice of a college major. Choose a university known for its amateur theatre society. Acquaint yourself with any drama production going on. Work for the university's radio station. Get involved with all the components of acting. Audition for plays. Work backstage. Take a voice class. You might be surprised at how many well-known actors have a college education. I think you can do both. Your dream is strong 12 Many teens are concerned about some body imperfection, These happens to males too. We all have insecurities. I guess the slant we give them determines their power. The older wwe get, the less we worry, but then we have less to worry about. | think if we believe God loves us as His children just the way we are, our perspective is altered and the physical matters matter less. The physical will decay one day.— Unit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! VIL SPEAKING GaSe ee 26 Here are the problems eight young people USEFUL LANGUAGE complained about. Discuss with your partner Pee en) Givin how they can be solved. Make use of the expressions from the box on the right. Pe 1) My most painful problem is that I am getting anxiety attacks every time I think about tests or exams. I know I am going to fail. These thoughts overload my brain, causing me to forget what I have learnt. 2) 1am having difficulty making friends in University. | am too shy. 3) I have got poor eyesight, but I am too embarrassed to wear glasses. I am sure I look terrible with them on. 4) 1am being picked on by my teacher. She is always criticizing me. I can’t keep up with my group because I am a slow learner. 5) [have a good friend who helps me a lot. 97 4) Your best friend, aged 16, has changed But he often talks me into bunking off. He a lot. Share your worries with your groupmate. puts pressure on me and | can’t resist and Describe the problem using the ideas below: we miss lessons together. I am afraid to end up in trouble with my parents or the dean. + has become very secretive beyond a normal need for privacy; 6) My three friends and I have always done + is always depressed; everything together. Now that this bully + has suddenly changed his school has broken up with her friends she is performance for worse hanging around us and she is so annoying. + is often extremely hostile and sometimes How can we ask her to leave us alone violent; without hurting her feelings? + stayed out all night; + plays truant or refuses to go to university/ 7) feel so lonely. I want to have a boyfriend school; so badly — my best friend is so in love + won't let you on what's going on with her boyfriend, and | am really jealous. Everyone says I'll get a boyfriend 8) Try to help your friend with your advice. sooner or later, but I won’t. I'm fat and What his/her actions should be in this ugly and I have to put a brave face on, but situation? it’s killing me inside. 8) She was my bosom buddy. We were so close! We were like sisters. When I started going out with my boyfriend and inevitably spending less time with her, she became hostile and jealous. 80VIL. LISTENING aS Listen to the text “Heroes of their time” and fill in the missing information. 1) Teenagers try to imitate their idols by (I) 2) The idolization is formed under the influence of Q @) 7 and @ 3) The correspondent conducted a survey in Kiev schools to prove or refute the idea that nowadays young people (5) __ 4) The heroes of the youngest pupils were (6) (7) = _ (8) and (9)_ 5) Teenagers have a tendency to (10) their parents’ significance and tod) __ an the prestige of (12) 6) Older children idolize people who (13) and despise (ay 1) The reporter thinks that we are (15) by the total de-idea of society. Cocccccccccccccccccoccs 29 Discussion: 1) Is there any information in the text you do not agree with? Explain your point of view. 2) What types of people are usually idolized by teens nowadays? 3) What do you know about the people whose names are mentioned in the text (Claudia Schiffer, Natalia Oreiro, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Russian pop singer Alsu)? Why do you think they became idols for many teenagers? 4) Do ideals change when a person grows older? 5) When and why do unworthy people become idols of countless teenagers? 6) Can idolization cause problems? 7) Have you ever had any idols? Describe your experience T2Away to success— Unit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! LX. READING ©2238 Read the gapped text. In this task a number of paragraphs are removed from the text and presented in a jumbled list. Choose from the missing paragraphs (A—D) to fill each gap. Teenagers and Parents + “Enjoy them now, they'll soon be teenagers!” Warnings like: this from friends and relatives, together with media images off adolescents as secretive and moody troublemakers, can lead parents to expect trouble as their children develop. But are these really fair descriptions of the typical teenager? Not necessarily. The research. shows that family life does not have to be a battleground during the teenage years. Many parents never face serious conflicts with their adolescent children and live peacefully and harmoniously with their teens by keeping communication open and making some adjustments in the way they think and act to compromise. Teens have a natural need to establish their own identity. They progress from childhood dependency to adult independence, from control of parents to self control. For parents this usually means dealing with some tension in the home as teens ask themselves “Who am [?", “What will I become?” and “How will I get along with others?”. Teens often look for the answers to these questions by challenging authority and testing rules. 1 * Teens are usually very anxious and sensitive about their physical appearance. They worry tremendously about their height, weight, skin and hair. They are quick to find fault with themselves, although ‘most of these “defects” are largely exaggerated by them 2 + Learning how to relate to others is an important task for teens, which is why the opinion of friends often appears to rival parents’ influence at this time. Parents tend to think of peer pressure as negative but in fact much of it is positive. Teens help keep each] other on the right track 3 + Young people are in crisis over issues like girlfriends and boyfriends, fashion, peer acceptance, jobs and music. They tend to assimilate into a subculture and adopt distinctive dress, hairstyles, music and language. But parents’ anxiety over teen behaviour often ‘causes annoyance and distrust. Teens often respond with “You don’t trust me!” or “You just don’t understand!” 4 82 A) Parents who lose their tempers or ‘withdraw in despair can make things worse. Constant negative messages from parents can lead to hostility, indifference and withdrawal in teenagers. Whatever their doubts, good parents always express ‘confidence that things will get better, support their teens’ efforts, cheer their achievements and show their love to children. Teens need to hear from their parents that they are loved unconditionally for themselves and that their parents will stand by them no matter what. B) It is important that parents offer practical help with physical problems, for example, by getting medical attention for their teens when it's needed. Parents can also help teens accept themselves by ‘encouraging them to find activities and interests that will enrich their lives and that don’t require a perfect body. © Parents shouldn't be hurt if their teens don’t confide in them, but spend hours ‘on the telephone sharing secrets with their friends. It’s important that parents should respect their teens’ need for privacy. At the same time they can help by encouraging teens to bring their friends home and making their home a welcoming place. D) Parents can help by encouraging their teens to assume increasing responsibility for their choices and actions, while continuing to provide appropriate supervision and guidance. Parents should remember that teenagers begin to look like adults but often act like 2-year- lds in their determination to establish their ‘own identity3 Have a look at the reasons why teenagers walk out. A) Listen to the tape and say which of them do you think made Cindy walk out. + Parents put pressure on them; + Teens need to establish own identity and independence; + Parents don’t care and teens lack their supports + Teens feel uncertain about the future; + Homes are cold and unhappy or there’s violence in the family; + Parents’ expectations are too high; + Teenager is jealous about one parent’s new partner. XI. REVISION TRANSLATION 32 Translate into English i B ciM’l i HaiviHnx apysin npHaRoauTa Jnoneli no noranux KoMmaniit. * ‘TypOye Mon SoBHiMIHicTE. $1 AyMaNO, 10 5 J ile Moxy Hi moaimerucs cpoeio mpoGieMo10 ITHCA 3 HUM Yepes ue. MeHi S1acTECs, 110 Mik MOXepTRYRATH 3apATH HDX SHIM 3ABTOTHO, e BON LIborO He KiHyIOTE. $I NoYyBalocs caMOTHiM. ‘Horo cnpo6u poss’asarH KOHGiKTH 3 GarbKAMH uaitHo sapepulyiorbes Hepaayeno. Ane Bin He anil Ha rapui crocynkw 6 cin’. Unit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! B) Which four r been most likely to make you leave home? Share your opinion with a groupmate. C) Act out a conversation between Cindy and her mother after her friend walks out. D) Answer the questions: Do you think Cindy was right to leave home? Why? When does she come in touch with her mother? What does Cindy seem to want from her relationship with her mother: advice, support, friendship, money, warmth? 7) Haiiinour cepitossi mpoGremm, 3 axune ctukaloreea nisairkM, — ue HapKomania, ‘TOKcHKOMaHist, aTKorOi3M, pocTHTyuis Ta iA pani. Crievtiatbiti nporpama sonomaraior’ ModiOMi posn’s3aTH Haranbiti mpoGreMit Ta nomolTaTH HeprieBHesticT mono cBoro wafiGyTHBOrO. Baravo misiairkip posyMitore, wo rapa ocsita iakpatnac iM xopouli nepeneKTHBK y XHTTi Ta xap'epi. L106 peastisysatn csiit norenutian, Bow Hawara¥oTbcs nope BYHTHER, SallMalOTHEA COPTOM ‘Ta GepyTb axTuBHy yuacrs y rpoManeDkomy >kHTTi. Opranisamii no GopoTs6i 3 HapKoTHkaMs MpoBOAsIT® ceminapy suis mistirkis, ix 6arskis Ta Bantenis, craopiowT TexebouM AOBIpHt, BHNYCKAIOTS TuIaKATH ‘ra XypHaIH, aKi posTiOBiNAIOTS TIpo HeGesTIeKy BXUBAHHA HapKOTHKiB. 10) Mysixa i TemeGayennis € HafiGinbur BaxKAMBUMH croporamn xiTra Mooi. Ayxxe acto Hom i pOK- pyKOHADHi, KiMOSipKH BILIMBAIOTS Ha MiaTiTKin, Mouton 10am Hanaraiorbca HacmiayBarH CBOIX xyMupis y BckoMy: savickax, MaHepi oxsratvcs, Manepi moseninkn. Inomi te Hactiaysanna aye HeGesmeane i mxiamune. 11) Arpecuswa i rpy6a nosexinxa ninzirkin ayxxe ‘yacTo Mlopomkyerscs ix GaxkaHHAM KHHYTH BHKIAK YMOBHOCTAM HaBKOMUNHBOrO cepenoBituta. BOHM GaxkaioTb TaKOX GyTH HesaIeKHUMEE Bin CBOIX GaroKin, ix OGMexeHb Ta KOHTpOMO. 83— Unit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! XIL WRITING | °2[23 2 Sa 33 1) What was the new situation? 2) What was different and new? —= 3) How did you feel about it? Angry? Anxious? Sad? a 4) What was the problem? —__=8 3) What did you do to adjust to it? = = 6) Was it easy or difficult? a 7) What did you have to learn to do? = = 8) Was your solution successful? How do you know? 34) [ete ie poem [Deis Relations with my peers | Don’t make friends easily Very shy ce Can't share my problems with my friends, ete. 84Unit 5. Youth is full of pleasure?! — ee ae Ta Se a ae Cee eee UC eR ed Se Cerne Dee Fer se Ce oe ee ne Sen ee newspaper, magazine, etc., or broadcast. Rel Ere RRC CLC geet ec a ro that is very important Pee ca ae karts Rrra ce : See ae ee ec ae Regen Se vite Seem Meco ed pe sed your Per Bee Cue ee tae Ce Ree eR Re Pee Rae eed RR uct Pee tg Cry PLA eee er oeonet tsi ee Rr Doe e Cg ie! Cee would like to answer and Peet nm Seo cn Pee Roun Se Cec ue Pes ee) ee eee eee Cee Drea un ee RU tc enee : PSUR SO Ce uC eA a Cue ue) Reo cecal Badal atin aa a aaa td cadet : = $ SRO ec ee cd Ee eae UL ee a eae Sc ie ah askin we aa Pe Ets *