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Bekic - Novovjekovno Staklo Iz Podmorja Istre I Dalmacije Final Mali
Bekic - Novovjekovno Staklo Iz Podmorja Istre I Dalmacije Final Mali
Novovjekovno staklo
iz podmorja Istre i Dalmacije
Post-Medieval glass from
the seabed of Istria and Dalmatia
ISBN 978-953-7866-34-1
Zadar, 2014.
CIP-Katalogizacija u publikaciji
Znanstvena knjižnica Zadar
UDK 904:748>(497.5-3 Istra)”15/18”(083.824)
904:748>(497.5-3 Dalmacija)”15/18”(083.824)
BEKIĆ, Luka
Bibliografija.
140921087
Nakladnik / Publisher:
Muzej antičkog stakla / Museum of ancient glass
Suizdavač / Co-editor:
Međunarodni centar za podvodnu arheologiju u Zadru / International Centre for Underwater Archaeology in Zadar
Urednik / Editor:
Ivo Fadić
Fotografije / Photos:
Luka Bekić
Prijevod / Translation:
Marija Kostić
Korektura / Proof-reading
Luka Bekić
Naklada / Issued:
800
ISBN 978-953-7866-34-1
Novovjekovno staklo iz
podmorja Istre i Dalmacije
Post-Medieval glass from
the seabed of Istria and Dalmatia
Zadar, 2014.
Sadržaj
Literatura .......................................................................................................... 82
Table ................................................................................................................. 84
5
Novovjekovno staklo
iz podmorja Istre i Dalmacije
Post-Medieval glass from
the seabed of Istria and Dalmatia
Uvod Introduction
7
Slika 1. Sidrište s brodovima iz doba iz kojeg potječu nalazi prikazani na izložbi. Isječak od
Schepen op de rede, Willem van de Velde mlađi, 1658. g. (www.sailingwarship.com).
Figure 1. Berth with ships from the period of the artifacts presented on the exhibition. Segment
from Schepen op de rede, Willem van de Velde the younger, 1658 (www.sailingwarship.com).
8
je od 16. do 19. stoljeća bilo mnogo više glass, common glass vessels were used on
običnih staklenih posuda, kojima se puk everyday basis by ordinary people from
svakodnevno koristio. To su uglavnom the 16th to 19th centuries. Mostly these
boce za piće i čaše. Nalazi tog stakle- were bottles for drinking and beakers.
nog posuđa čine okosnicu izložene Finds of these glass vessels make the
zbirke. Od sredine 19. st. izrada sta- basis of the exhibited collection. From
klenih posuda, poglavito boca, počinje the mid-19th century production of
se odvijati u manufakturama koje se glass vessels, primarily bottles, started
opremaju tehnički sve naprednijom to take place in manufactures whose
opremom i dovode do automatizacije equipment was becoming more
proizvodnje. To staklo možemo zva- advanced leading to automatization
ti modernim, jer se od tada do danas of the production.We can refer to this
u tehničkom smislu nije više osobito glass as modern as it did not change
mijenjalo. significantly in technical terms from
Tema je ove izložbe staklo that period to the present day.
pronađeno u hrvatskom podmorju, This exhibition presents glass
u raznim uvalama i sidrištima te na found in the Croatian undersea world,
otocima i rtovima uz plovne putove. in various coves and berths, on the
Stoga možemo reći da je ovdje islands and capes along the naval routes.
uglavnom izloženo staklo kojim su se Therefore we can say that the glass
koristili mornari za svoje potrebe na exhibited here was used mostly by the
brodovima kojima su plovili uz obalu sailors for their needs on ships on which
Istre i Dalmacije.1 To su mogli biti they sailed along the coasts of Istria
hrvatski moreplovci, ali i brojni drugi, and Dalmatia. 1 These may have been
ne samo iz zemalja Sredozemlja nego Croatian sailors, and many others, not
i iz sjevernih i zapadnih dijelova only from the Mediterranean countries
Europe.
9
Uz to, kao zanimljiv dodatak but also from northern and western parts
ovdje se izdvajaju i podvodni nalazi of Europe.
vezani uz proizvodnju stakla tog Another interesting group of
razdoblja, iz za sada tajanstvene artifacts are underwater finds related to
radionice koja je djelovala u Veštru glass production from that period from
kod Rovinja. Pronalazak tragova still mysterious workshop which was
radionice koja je izrađivala staklo po active in Veštar near Rovinj. Finding
uzoru na mletačku školu na našoj traces of a workshop which made glass
je obali jedinstven slučaj, kojem u after the „Venetian school“ on our
budućnosti valja posvetiti pozornost i coast is a unique case which should be
podrobno ga istražiti. explored comprehensively in future.
10
Stoga prije analize nalaza valja Therefore before the beginning of
naglasiti kako ne postoje potpuno jasni the analysis we need to emphasize that
parametri za dataciju ovih arheoloških there are no completely clear parameters
nalaza te se na tom problemu još mora for dating these archaeological finds but
dosta raditi. To znači da ovakve nalaze this problem needs to be further ana-
treba češće objavljivati, a posebice lyzed. This means that these finds should
one koji potječu iz nekih stratigrafski be published more frequently, particu-
značajnih cjelina, neovisno o tomu je larly the ones originating from units im-
li riječ o datiranim brodolomima ili portant in stratigraphic terms, whether
stratigrafski vrijednim cjelinama na firmly dated shipwrecks or stratigraphi-
nekim kopnenim nalazištima. cally important units at certain land sites.
Većina ovih nalaza može se Most of these finds can be found
pronaći na cijelom području Jadrana, in the entire Adriatic region, and to the
a koliko mi je poznato, češće na best of my knowledge they are more
sjevernom dijelu. Stoga već u početku frequent in its northern part. Therefore
možemo pretpostaviti kako ovakve we can assume that such glass vessels
staklene posude uglavnom potječu mostly originate from the workshops
iz radionica na sjevernom dijelu in the northern part of the Adriatic,
Jadrana, pod utjecajem mletačkih under the influences of the Venetian
radionica. Na hrvatskoj strani Jadrana workshops. On the Croatian side of the
postojanje ovakvih radionica zasad nije Adriatic presence of such workshops
dokumentirano ni u povijesnim ni u has not been documented, neither in
arheološkim izvorima, osim Veštarskog historical nor in archaeological sources
slučaja koji je ovdje zasebno predočen. except for the case of Veštar which was
O mletačkim radionicama, to jest represented separately here.
radionicama na otoku Muranu, načelno Generally we know a lot about
se mnogo zna, međutim poznata nam je the Venetian glass workshops i.e.
samo njihova produkcija najluksuznijeg workshops on the island of Murano,
stakla. To muransko ili venecijansko but we actually only know about their
staklo iznimno je značajno za sveopću production of the most luxurious
staklenu produkciju najviše klase u glass. This Venetian or Murano glass
Europi. No također je važno i za naše is exceptionally important for the
skromne staklarske proizvode, koje general glass production of the highest
su si mogli priuštiti i mornari, ribari i category in Europe. It is also important
težaci iz naših krajeva. for our modest glass products which
Sličnost nekih tehničkih te were affordable to sailors, fishermen
vizualnih rješenja vidjet ćemo i u and peasants from our regions.
11
primjerima iz naših podmorskih Similarities of some technical and
nalaza. No jedno je od najvažnijih visual details will be evident through
pitanja uz ove staklene predmete examples of our underwater finds. One
kako ih datirati. To ćemo pokušati of the most important questions related
uz pomoć objavljene literature o to these glass artifacts is how to date
već spomenutom brodolomu kod them. We will try to do this on the basis
Gnalića te nekim drugima.2 Ovi nam of published works about the previously
brodolomi načelno pokazuju kakvi su mentioned shipwreck near Gnalić and
oblici i boje stakla uvriježeni u 16. pa some others.2 These shipwrecks indicate
i 17. st. Produkcija 19. stoljeća, ali i generally what forms and colours of
ranog 20. stoljeća poznata nam je jer glass were common in the 16th and
postoji u određenom kontinuitetu, even 17th century. Production from
poput boca za piće Maraskino. Ostaje the 19th and early 20th century is well
nam definirati proizvodnju 17. i 18. known as it exists in certain continuity
st. što ćemo pokušati uz neke nove such as the bottle for Maraschino.
nalaze te datacije koje se za slične What remains is production of the
predmete pronalaze u aukcijskim 17th and 18th century. We will try to
kućama. No većina predmeta koja define it on the basis of some new finds
je ovdje izložena nema izravnih and datings which can be found in
usporedaba u objavljenoj arheološkoj the auction houses for similar objects.
građi i stoga je ovo zapravo pionirski Most objects exhibited here have no
rad u otkrivanju proizvodnje stakla za direct comparisons in the published
svakodnevnu uporabu od 16. do 19. st. archaeological finds and therefore this
na području Jadrana. is actually a ground-breaking work in
understanding production of glass for
everyday use from the 16th and 19th
centuries in the Adriatic region.
12
Ovalne i višekutne boce Oval and polygonal bottles of the
novovjekovnog razdoblja Post-Medieval Era
13
71 67
35 43
14
31
221
264
32
Druga glavna skupina boce su The second major group are bottles
vodoravnog ramena, s izduženim with horizontal shoulder, elongated
zakošenim grlom u obliku čunja slanted skittle-shaped neck, and flat,
i ravnim, uspravnim obodom bez vertical rim without a thickening (52,
zadebljanja (52, 57, 63, 64, 72). One su 57, 63, 64, 72). They are most often
najčešće tamnije zelene boje i prema somewhat darker green in colour and
dimenzijama u prosjeku su nešto manje they are smaller then the examples
nego primjerci iz prethodne skupine. from the previous group. Walls are
Stijenke su donekle deblje nego kod somewhat thicker than on the bottles
boca iz prethodne skupine. Promjer from the previous group. Diameter
otvora im je od 16 do 26 mm. Čini se of the opening is from 16 to 26 mm.
kako su bile redovito četverokutnog It seems they regularly had body with
presjeka tijela, s promjerom tijela od 48 square cross-section and diameter of the
do oko 100 mm. Odgovarajućih donjih body from 48 to 100 mm. There are no
dijelova tih promjera i presjeka nema u conjoining lower parts in this collection
15
ovoj zbirci, ali nema razloga sumnjati but there is no reason to doubt that they
kako su u donjem dijelu bile iste kao i were identical in their lower part to
četverokutne boce prethodne skupine. square bottles from the previous group.
Od ove prve dvije glavne skupine Out of these first two main groups,
starije su boce prve skupine s širokim bottles from the first group with wide
ljevkastim obodom, tanjih stijenki, funnel-shaped rim and thinner walls
uključujući i one ukrašene bijelom are earlier including the ones decorated
trakom. Naime, široka ljevkasta grla with a white band. Namely wide funnel-
tradicija su koja vuče porijeklo od boca shaped necks are a tradition having
14. i 15. st. kao što je i ukrašavanje origin in the bottles from the 14th and
trakama u drugoj boji tipično za starija 15th century as well as decoration with
razdoblja, 13. - 15. st. (Pešić 2006, bands in different colour is typical of the
118). Aplicirane bijele staklene trake earlier periods, 13th – 15th cent. (Pešić
na staklu često su zastupljen element 2006, 118). Applied white glass bands
u 16. st., što je razvidno iz primjera on glass are frequent element in the
Gnalića (Lazar, Wilmot 2006, 42) i 16th century which is evident on the
Zadra (Pešić 2006, Fig.14,15). Bijela example from Gnalić (Lazar, Wilmot
neprozirna boja trake ukazuje na tzv. 2006, 42) and Zadar (Pešić 2006,
lattimo staklo, koje je u proizvodnji Fig.14,15). White opaque colour of
80
250
25 28
16
na Muranu od 16. st. Stoga možemo the band resembles lattimo glass which
zaključiti kako se prva skupina načelno was produced on Murano in the 16th
može datirati u kraj 16. i do početka century. Therefore we can conclude that
18. st. kada se javljaju zadnji primjerci. the first group can generally be dated
Što se tiče podskupina 1A i 1B, zapaža to the end of the 16th and until the
se kako neki primjerci 1A podskupine beginning of the 18th century when last
imaju tanje stijenke i prozirnije boje specimens appear. In subgroups 1A and
(npr. 71) čime nalikuju nešto starijem 1B, we can notice that some examples
staklu pa možemo zaključiti kako su of 1A subgroup have thinner walls
se bijele trake počele dodavati na već and more transparent colours (e.g. 71)
formirani tip boca. which is why they resemble somewhat
Tri ulomka svjetlozelenih boca older glass so we can conclude that
s bijelim obrubom oboda koje bi white bands were applied on previously
pripadale skupini 1B pronađene su na formed bottle type.
brodolomu Drevine u Koločepskom Three fragments of light green
kanalu (Kisić 1982, Sl.16). Autorica bottles with white lining of the rim
ih pripisuje muranskoj proizvodnji which belong to group 1B were
i smatra da su služile za čuvanje found on the Drevine shipwreck in
ljekarija. To navodi ponajviše zbog Koločepski kanal (Kisić1982, fig.16).
drvene brodske škrinje koja sadrži The author ascribes them to the
staklene boce za lijekove, a datira se u Murano production and believes
18. st. i čuva u Pomorskom muzeju u they were used for storing medicines
57
64
52
72
17
Slika 6: Ulični prodavač stakla s bocama
skupine 1 i 2 na grafici iz 17. st. (Migliori
2001, 31)
Figure 6: Street seller of glass with bottles
of groups 1 and 2 on a print from the 17th
century (Migliori 2001, 31)
18
17. i 18. st. izrađuju se oba tipa boca pa is kept depicting a street seller of glass
se pretpostavlja da tada imaju jednaku (figure 6) carrying bottles in two wicker
debljinu stijenki. U muzeju Correr baskets (Migliori 2001, 31). It seems that
u Veneciji čuva se grafika iz 17. st. s bottles with funnel-shaped and skittle-
prikazom uličnog prodavača stakla shaped necks are in the left basket, and
(slika 6), koji u dvije pletene košare in the right one is a bottle with high
nosi boce (Migliori 2001, 31). Čini skittle-shaped neck indicating that these
se kako se u lijevoj košari nalaze boce two groups were used simultaneously at
ljevkastog i čunjastog grla, a u desnoj je least for some time.
jasno vidljiva boca s visokim čunjastim These bottles of group 2 actually
grlom, što nam pokazuje da su ove follow the development of new forms
dvije skupine korištene barem jednim which appeared in western Europe. On
dijelom u isto vrijeme. the Drevine shipwreck in Koločepski
Ove boce skupine 2 zapravo prate kanal a complete bottle of similar type
razvoj novih oblika koji su se pojavili was found (light green, with flat short
u zapadnoj Europi. Na brodolomu neck and slanted shoulder, (Kisić 1982,
Drevine u Koločepskom kanalu fig.13) which can be compared to the
pronađena je jedna cijela boca sličnog finds of this group. This shipwreck
tipa (doduše svjetlozelena, s ravnim was dated to the end of the 17th
kraćim vratom i kosim ramenom, (Kisić century. Though it offered some finds
1982, Sl.13) koja se može usporediti s of the Murano glass, part of the cargo
nalazima ove skupine. Taj je brodolom originates from north-western Europe
datiran u sam kraj 17. st., a mada sadrži where origin of this bottle should be
nalaze muranskog stakla, dio tereta looked for.
potječe iz sjeverozapadne Europe, gdje In France similar blue-greenish
bi valjalo tražiti i porijeklo te boce. bottles with square cross-section and
I u Francuskoj se slične plavo- narrow skittle-shaped neck are also
zelenkaste boce četverokutnog dated from 1700 to 1780 (Losier
presjeka i užim čunjastim vratom 2012, fig.7). Greenish bottles with
datiraju od 1700. do 1780. g. (Losier square cross-section and elongated
2012, fig.7). Sličnih su oblika i datacije skittle-shaped neck from Osijek have
i zelenkaste boce četverokutnog similar form and dating but they
presjeka s izduženim čunjastim grlima, were produced after using half-post
ali proizvedene half-post postupkom, procedure (Horvat, Biondić 2007,
pronađene u Osijeku (Horvat, Biondić 212, 213 etc.). We can also mention
2007, 212, 213 itd.). Isto tako, možemo a number of greenish bottles with
navesti veći broj zelenkastih boca body with square cross-section and
19
Slika 7. Brodska škrinja s lijekovima iz 18. st.,
Pomorski muzej u Dubrovniku (www.dumus.hr)
Figure 7. Ship chest with medicines from the
18th century, Museum of Naval History in
Dubrovnik (www.dumus.hr)
20
novovjekovnim brodolomima. Prvi je The second shipwreck is located on the
brodolom na zapadnoj strani otočića cliffs of the cape Uljeva near Ližnjan
Samera kod Rovinja (Bekić 2012b, and it is marked as Uljeva C (Bekić
584). Na njemu je nađena veća količina 2013, 34). At this spot abundance of
starog ručno rađenoga crijepa, veći dio hand-made bricks was found, smaller
tanjura s graviranim zelenim cakljenim fragments of pottery and about fifty
ukrasom te gornji dio zelenkaste boce fragments of glass (264-283; 305-331),
(192). Drugi brodolom nalazi se na which belonged to at least ten different
hridima rta Uljeva kod Ližnjana, vessels. Most of these pieces belonged
i označava se kao Uljeva C (Bekić to a larger bottle of the first group (264
2013, 34). Na tom mjestu pronađeno with belonging sherds). On the basis of
je mnoštvo ručno izrađene opeke, pottery finds this potential shipwreck
manji ulomci keramike te pedesetak may be dated to transition from the
ulomaka stakla (264-283; 305-331), 17th to 18th century. 3 Both potential
koji su bili dijelom barem desetak shipwrecks will be excavated, but we
različitih posuda. Od toga većina can already say that these were probably
otpada na dijelove jedne veće boce smaller wooden sailboats used for local
prve skupine (264 s pripadajućim sailing during the 17th and beginning
odlomcima). Na osnovi keramičkih of the 18th century. Alongside bottles
nalaza ovaj bi se potencijalni brodolom from the bigger shipwreck Drevine
mogao datirati na prijelaz 17. u 18. st.3 (Kisić 1982), these finds will help us
Oba potencijalna brodoloma bit će in further investigations of typology of
istražena iskopavanjima, ali već sada the first group.
može se reći kako se vjerojatno radi In addition to bottles of these
o manjim drvenim jedrenjacima koji two groups there are also other bottles
su služili za lokalnu plovidbu tijekom which can be related to them on the
17. i početkom 18. st. Uz boce s većeg basis of some of their characteristics.
brodoloma Drevine (Kisić 1982), Examples of bottles 53 and 65 are very
21
70
215
65 219
22
3). Autor ovu bocu stavlja u skupinu 218), so it is not clear whether this
s drugima koje imaju ljevkasti otvor was an intentionally worked opening
i pripisuje ih sjevernonjemačkoj or opening which was adjusted
proizvodnji (Šimkute 2011, 160). subsequently. They vary in forms,
Tu se mogu spomenuti i boce koje dimensions and tones and therefore
imaju udarcima otučen otvor (54, 56, it is difficult to classify them more
70, 196, 218) pa nije jasno je li riječ precisely.
o namjerno obrađenom otvoru ili Olive-green bottle 55 closed with
naknadnom prilagođenu otvoru. One a lead stopper is a unique example in
su različitih oblika, dimenzija i tonova, this collection. It was made by using
stoga ih je teško točnije grupirati. technique of repeated dipping of
Maslinastozelena boca 55 already blown bottle into a new layer
zatvorena olovnim čepom jedinstveni of glass (half-post technique) so that
je primjerak u ovoj zbirci. Inače je connection of these two layers can
rađena tehnikom ponovnog uranjanja be recognized on the shoulder of the
već napuhane boce u novi sloj stakla bottle. This procedure was used in
(tehnika half-post) pa se spoj ovih Austria, Germany and Switzerland
dvaju slojeva očituje na ramenu boce. (Horvat, Biondić 2007, 131) so we can
Ovaj postupak izrade upotrebljavao conclude that this bottle was imported
se u Austriji, Njemačkoj i Švicarskoj from that region. We can notice that
(Horvat, Biondić 2007, 131) pa these bottles are more frequent in
možemo zaključiti kako je ova boca the Pannonian region than on the
uvezena s tog područja. Primjetno Adriatic indicating that these regions
je da su ove boce rjeđe na Jadranu, imported glass from central Europe. It
a češće u panonskim prostorima, is interesting that similar green bottles
što nam ukazuje na opskrbu tih made by using the same technique
prostora staklom iz središnje Europe. were found on the shipwreck near the
Zanimljivost je i da su na brodolomu cape Sv. Pavao on the island of Mljet.
uz hrid Sv. Pavao na Mljetu pronađene They were ascribed to the Ottoman
slične zelene boce, također izrađene production of the late 16th century,
tom tehnologijom. One se pripisuju more precisely the Constantinople
otomanskoj proizvodnji kasnog 16. st. workshops (Ferri 2014, 112).
i to u radionicama u Konstantinopolu We cannot say much about bodies
(Ferri 2014, 112). or bases of these individual examples
Za ove pojedinačne primjerke of bottles, but in this collection there is
boca ne može se sa sigurnošću reći a number of bases that do not belong
kakvi su im bila tijela ili dna, međutim to the bottles of described four groups.
23
212
74
289 198
u ovoj kolekciji zastupljen je i veći In that way we can assume that some
broj dna koja ne pripadaju bocama of these bottles had elongated bases
opisanih četiriju skupina. Tako with impressed angles (19), rounded
možemo predmnijevati kako su neke bases (21, 258, 254, 255) but it is
od ovih boca imale i izdužena dna s also possible that some had square or
utisnutim kutovima (19) obla dna (21, hexagonal bases.
258, 254, 255), ali ne možemo isključiti The third main group comprises
i da su neka imala četverokutna ili bottles with high narrow neck and
šesterokutna dna. emphasized thickening directly under
Treća glavna skupina boce su s the opening. This thickening was made
visokim uskim vratom i naglašenim by subsequent application of a glass
zadebljanjem odmah ispod otvora. band which can occasionally be applied
Ovo je zadebljanje izvedeno naknadno irregularly. Such bands were applied
apliciranom staklenom trakom on narrow and high necks in order
koja ponekad može biti nepravilno to reinforce their walls so that long
nanesena. Takve trake nanosile su stoppers can be inserted. These bands
24
se na uska i visoka grla kako bi im were also used to tie a string holding
ojačala stijenka zbog umetanja dugih the plug cover. They were mostly dark
čepova. Također su te trake poslužile i brown with olive-green tone (198, 209,
kako bi se o njih vezala uzica koja je 212, 289, 319), but they can also be
držala pokrov čepa. One su uglavnom colourless (48, 74, 206). Unfortunately
tamnosmeđe boje s maslinastim tonom we do not know what the complete
(198, 209, 212, 289, 319), ali mogu biti form of this bottle looked like, but they
i bezbojne (48, 74, 206). Na žalost definitely had round cross-section so
nisu poznati cijeli oblici ovih boca, ali that we can relate them to a large group
sigurno su bile kružnog presjeka, tako of „dark-green wine bottles“ appearing
da ih možemo povezati sa širokom in western Europe and spreading all
skupinom tamnozelenih vinskih boca over the world quite quickly.
kakve se javljaju u zapadnoj Europi i The last, fourth group refers to
ubrzo šire po cijelom svijetu. bottles made of colourless glass, with
I zadnja, četvrta skupina, boce su longer neck and rim with rounded
izrađene od bezbojnog stakla, s dužim reversed L profile, and rounded rim
vratom i obodom oblog obrnutog edge. They are usually large (47, 73,
L profila, s oblim rubom oboda. 200, 203, 211, 213), but there are also
One su najčešće velike (47, 73, 200, smaller ones (61, 205, 210, 216). Larger
203, 211, 213), ali ima i manjih (61, evidently had round cross-section of
205, 210, 216). Veće su očito imale the body, while the smaller ones often
kružni presjek tijela, dok su manje have oval form. On the basis of forms
često ovalnog oblika. Prema oblicima we can conclude that bottles of this
možemo zaključiti kako su boce ove group were used for various purposes.
skupine korištene za razne namjene. These other two basic groups
Ove druge dvije osnovne skupine can be dated to even later period than
mogu se datirati u još mlađe razdoblje the previous two. We have not fully
od prethodnih dviju. Oblik boca reconstructed the form of the bottles of
naše treće skupine nije nam poznat u our third group, but it is clear that their
potpunosti, ali jasno je kako su im tijela bodies were round and necks elongated
bila kružnog oblika, a vratovi izduljeni, which is a characteristic appearing on
što je karakteristika koja se na vinskim wine bottles in the mid-17th century
bocama javlja sredinom 17. st. ( Jones, ( Jones, Sullivan 1989, 73).
Sullivan 1989, 73). However the third group can be
Ipak, treću skupinu na osnovi dated quite precisely on the basis of one
jedne tehničke karakteristike možemo technical characteristic. Our bottles
razmjerno preciznije datirati. Naše have a subsequently applied glass
25
211
213
203
boce imaju odmah ispod otvora band irregular in form and position
naknadno apliciranu staklenu traku immediately under the opening. This is
nepravilnog oblika i položaja. To je a characteristic of wine bottles which
karakteristika vinskih boca koje su se were produced from about 1650s to
proizvodile u razdoblju između 1650. 1760s when the band was additionally
i 1760. godine, kada se traka počela modelled ( Jones 1986, 33). Namely in
dodatno modelirati ( Jones 1986, 33). the beginning the bands were applied
Naime, trake su u početku aplicirane only by applying molten glass around
samo nanašanjem topljenog stakla the neck, and they had „sausage-like“
oko grla te su imali kobasičasti oblik shape (en boudin, as e.g. 212) which
(en boudin, primjerice 212) da bi se was later reshaped into slightly thorn-
kasnije provizorno oblikovao u blago shaped form (such as e.g. 319). Only
trnasti (kao npr. 319). Tek u 19. st. ove in the 19th century these bands started
se trake počinju formirati u valjkastom, to be formed in cylindrical, flat shape,
plosnatom obliku, ali takvih primjera but there are no such examples in
nema u ovoj zbirci. To nam svjedoče this collection. This is also attested by
i primjeri iz francuskih kolonija, gdje the examples from French colonies
su se slične boce trbušastog oblika where similar squat bottles were used
koristile u drugoj polovini 17. st., ali in the 17th century, but the ones
su najčešće oblika tegle (pot de fleurs) in the shape of a flowerpot (pot de
i rabile su se tijekom 18. st. (Losier fleurs) are most frequent which were
26
2012, fig.3, 4, 6). Trbušaste boce ove used during the 18th century (Losier
skupine izrađuju se i u Belgiji od 2012, fig. 3, 4, 6). Squat bottles from
1720. do 1750. g. i masovno se rabe this group were produced in Belgium
u Nizozemskoj i Njemačkoj (Van from 1720 to 1750 and used widely in
den Bossche 2001, Pl.71, 72). Ipak Netherlands and Germany (Van den
treba naglasiti kako opisane tipološke Bossche 2001, Pl.71, 72). However
značajke ne mogu biti u potpunosti we need to emphasize that described
pouzdane jer je na brodolomu St. typological characteristics cannot
George kod Thorsmindea u Danskoj be completely reliable as there were
pronađeno boca i s valjkastim, trnastim bottles with cylindrical, thorn-shaped
i kobasičastim trakama, a zna se da bi and sausage-like bands found on the
se one trebale datirati između 1785. i shipwreck St.George near Thorsminde
1811. g. (Cooper 2012, fig. 13, 14). in Denmark, and we know that they
Kod nas postoje neke analogije iz should be dated from 1785 to 1811
Osijeka gdje se takve boce datiraju u (Cooper 2012, fig. 13, 14).
18. st. (Horvat, Biondić 2007, 217), a i There are some analogies from
s brodoloma Drevine koji datira u sam Osijek where such bottles are dated
kraj 17. i početak 18. st. (Kisić 1982, to the 18th century (Horvat, Biondić
sl.17). 2007, 217), and from the Drevine
Boce četvrte skupine tehnički shipwreck which is dated to the end
su bolje izrađene od prethodnih triju, of the 17th and beginning of the 18th
i karakteristično je kako apsolutno century (Kisić 1982, fig.17).
prevladava bezbojno staklo. Mada je Bottles of the fourth group exhibit
bezbojno staklo poznato stotinama more quality in technical terms than
godina prije, tek u 19. st postaje the previous three groups. Colourless
ponovno uvriježeno kod izrade glass is absolutely dominant. Although
svakodnevnih posuda poput boca. colourless glass was known for
Tako je u francuskim kolonijama hundreds of years, it became common
zapaženo kako plavo-zelene boce iz in production of everyday vessels such
18. st., u 19. st. zamjenjuju bezbojne, as bottles only in the 19th century. In
kojih se u cjelinama 18. st. uopće ne the French colonies blue-green bottles
nalazi (Losier 2012, 166). Stoga se ova from the 18th century were replaced
četvrta skupina najvjerojatnije može with colourless ones in the 19th
datirati najranije u drugu polovinu 18., century, which were not represented
a uglavnom u 19. st. Boce valjkastog in the 18th century units (Losier 2012,
tijela s Γ obodom izrađivane su i u 166). Therefore this fourth group can
tamnim tonovima u Njemačkoj od most probably be dated to the second
27
1820.-1850. g., dok su se tada u Austriji half of the 18th century at the earliest,
iste proizvodile od sasvim bezbojnog and for the most part to the 19th
stakla (Van den Bossche 2001, Pl.212). century. Bottles with cylindrical body
Isto je bilo i u Slovačkoj, što se zorno and Γ rim were made in dark tones in
vidi iz primjera na slici 38. Germany from 1820 to 1850, while
Uz ove četiri skupine najčešćih identical bottles in Austria were made
oblika, u ovoj zbirci staklenih of colourless glass (Van den Bossche
predmeta pronađu se i mnogi izuzetci 2001, Pl.212). The situation was
i jedinstveni primjerci. identical in Slovakia which is evident
Boca koje se mogu ranije datirati from the example on figure 38.
od ovih četiriju iz navedene skupine There are also many exceptions
nema mnogo. To su uglavnom and unique examples in this collection
dijelovi boca koje su imale okrugli of glass objects alongside these four
presjek, odnosno globularno tijelo i groups of the most common forms.
visoko usko grlo s blago razvraćenim There are not many bottles which
obodom. Tako možda najstarijoj boci can be dated earlier than the ones from
u ovoj zbirci pripada gornji dio boce the four mentioned groups. These are
bezbojnog stakla 187 s Velog Škoja mainly fragments of bottles which had
kod Pakoštana koja ima razvraćeni round cross-section, i.e. globular body
otvor, dugi vrat i na njemu jedno manje and high narrow neck with slightly
prstenasto zadebljanje. Najsličniji je everted rim. In that way possibly
nalaz nađen u Zadru u samostanu sv. the oldest bottle in this collection is
Krševana (Grisogona) (Pešić 2006, represented by the upper part of a bottle
Fig.11) a autor ih pripisuje skupini made of colourless glass number 187
boca tipa Inguistare ili Ingastare i datira from Veli Škoj near Pakoštane which
od 13. do 15. st. Dvije slične boce has an everted opening, long neck and
mogle su se vidjeti i na izložbi Sotto a smaller thickening on it. The most
Le Tavole Di Maltesta (br.3) gdje se similar find was found in Zadar in the
datiraju u 14./15. st. monastery of St. Krševan (Grisogono)
Tu treba navesti i dno boce blago (Pešić 2006, Fig.11), and the author
smećkastog tona, na visokoj stopi sa ascribes them to a group of bottles of
šuplje zadebljanim krajevima koje je the Inguistare or Ingastare type, dated
pronađeno na Selinama, 204. Ovo je from the 13th to 15th centuries. Two
također jedna slična boca, a usporedba similar bottles could have been seen
se može pronaći u Muzeju u Ninu gdje on the exhibition Sotto Le Tavole Di
su takva dna potpisana kao boce tipa Maltesta (no.3) where they are dated
Inguastara i datirane od 14. do 17. st. to the 14th/15th centuries.
28
Nađena je jedna boca tipa Angastarie i We also need to mention base of
na Bribiru (Delonga 1987, T.XII-1-6). a bottle of light brownish tone, on a
U Sloveniji ih ima, primjerice, u Celju high foot with hollow and thickened
(Lazar 2001, kat.83). Isto dno nađeno ends which was found on Seline, 204.
je i predvorju kraljevske palače u Budi u This is another similar bottle, and the
Mađarskoj i pripisuje se venecijanskoj comparison can be found in the Museum
proizvodnji 14/15. st. i tipu Inghistere in Nin where such bases were signed as
(Gyürky 1987, 54, 56, Abb.10.1). Boce bottles of the Inguastara type and dated
tipa Ingastara 15./16. st. iz Srbije koje from the 14th to 17th centuries. Bottle of
donosi Bikić nemaju visoke stope the Angastarie type was found on Bribir
(Bikić 2006, Fig.4-6; Fig.5-8,3). (Delonga 1987, T.XII-1-6). In Slovenia
I gornji dio bezbojne boce 17 they were found e.g. in Celje (Lazar
dugog grla s kosim naborima prema 2001, kat.83). Identical base was found
nekim se karakteristikama može in the atrium of the royal palace in Buda
pripisati opisanim bocama i datirati u in Hungary and ascribed to the Venetian
14./15. st., međutim sačuvan je samo production of the 14th/15th centuries
manji dio pa je to za naš primjerak and the Inghistere type (Gyürky 1987, 54,
neizvjesno. Treba također napomenuti 56, Abb.10.1). Bottles of the Inghistere
kako se boce tankih stijenki, s dugim type from the 15th/16th centuries from
vratom i blago razvraćenim otvorom Serbia published by Bikić do not have
javljaju i kasnije. Tako su vrlo slične high feet (Bikić 2006, Fig.4-6; Fig.5-
boce pronađene i na Gnaliću (Lazar, 8,3).
Willmott 2006, S20, fig.68, i druge) Upper part of the colourless bottle
koji se može datirati u kasno 16. st. 17, with long neck and slanted folds
ali i na brodolomu Ratac (rt Ratac na could be ascribed to mentioned bottles
Koločepu, Radić-Rossi 2012, sl.36) on the basis of some characteristics
koji autorica datira u 17. st. and dated to the 14th/15th centuries.
Grlo boce 206 sa Selina prema However this is not helpful in the case
svom karakterističnom obliku of our example as only a small part was
vjerojatno je pripadalo bikoničnoj preserved. Bottles with thin walls, long
boci, kakve su česte u srednjoj Europi. necks and slightly everted opening also
U Hrvatskoj su još nađene i u Bribiru appear later on. Similar bottles were
gdje se datiraju od 14. do 16. st. found on Gnalić (Lazar, Willmott
(Delonga 1987, T.XIII). Slična grla 2006, S20, fig.68, and others) which
ovih boca pronađena su i u Celju, can be dated to the late 16th century,
gdje se datiraju u 16.st. i pripisuju but also on the Ratac shipwreck (cape
ljubljanskim radionicama (Lazar 2001, Ratac on Koločep, Radić-Rossi 2012,
29
Slika 11. Pojedinačni primjerci
starijih boca (Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 11. Individual examples of
older bottles (photo: L. Bekić)
17
206
204
187
79, kat.107-110). Primjer ovakva grla fig. 36) which was dated to the 17th
postoji na dvorcu Polhovega Gradca century by the author.
u Sloveniji (Železnikar 2002, T.2-5). Neck of the bottle 206 from Seline
Ovo grlo, kao i druge bikonične boce, probably belonged to a biconical bottle
datira se u tamošnju fazu Va, odnosno which were frequent in central Europe.
sredinu 17. st. i također pripisuju In Croatia they were also found in
ljubljanskim staklanama, a zanimljivo Bribir where they were dated from the
je i da je vlasnik jedne od tih staklana 14th to 16th centuries (Delonga 1987,
bio i vlasnik ovog dvorca (Železnikar T.XIII). Similar necks of these bottles
2002, 329, 333). Bikoničnih boca ima i were found in Celje where they were
u Srbiji u Prijepolju i Beogradu (Bikić dated to the 16th century and ascribed
2006, Fig.4-3; Fig.5-10). to the Ljubljana workshops (Lazar
Zelena boca zakošenog oboda 2001, 79, kat.107-110). Example of
(226) zbog vrlo velikih dimenzija such neck was found in the castle
najvjerojatnije je demižon (Dame- Polhov Gradac (Železnikar 2002, T.2-
jeanne ili Demijohn) odnosno bocolika 5). This neck as well as other biconical
posuda koja može imati zapreminu bottles are dated to the phase Va, i.e.
od 20 do 60 litara. Prema izradi mid-17th century and are also ascribed
vjerojatno je kasniji proizvod, 19. ili to the Ljubljana glass workshops, and
20. st. Tamnozelene je boje i ulomak it is interesting that the owner of one
globularne posude debljih stijenki of these glass workshops was also the
30
(304) pronađen u uvali Soline kod owner of this castle. (Železnikar 2002,
Rovinja. Vjerojatno je to dio globularne 329, 333). There are biconical bottles
bočice koja se datira u 17. st., i kakva je in Serbia in Prijepolje and Beograd
pronađena na nalazištu brodoloma kod (Bikić 2006, Fig.4-3; Fig.5-10).
Koločepa (Medici 2010, Ib. 89). Green bottle with slanted rim (226)
Najmanja bočica ujedno je i was probably a demijohn (Dame-jeanne)
najzanimljivija (241). Sačuvana je i.e. bottle-shaped vessel which can have
gotovo u cijelosti, ali joj nedostaje capacity from 20 to 60 liters. Judging
vrh. Izrađena je pomalo nepravilno, from its production characteristics it is
plosnata tijela, a na dvije šire strane probably somewhat later product, from
ima plitkim brušenjem urezanu the 19th or 20th centuries. Fragment of
biljku. Vrlo vjerojatno riječ je o nekoj a globular vessel with thick walls which
vrlo posebnoj tekućini napravljenoj was found in the bay of Soline near
od ilustrirane biljke. S obzirom Rovinj is also green in colour. It is possible
na urezani ukras i oblik, možemo that it was a part of small globular bottle
predmnijevati kako je bočica izrađena which is dated to the 17th century and
kasno u 18. st. ili tijekom 19. st. To nam found at the site of the shipwreck near
potvrđuje i nalaz šest takvih bočica s Koločep (Medici 2010, Ib. 89).
Slika 12. Bočica 241 s urezanim motivom razlistane biljke (Foto & crtež: L. Bekić)
Figure 12. Small bottle 241 with incised motif of a plant in leaf (photo & drawing: L. Bekić)
31
brodoloma St.George koji je pred The smallest bottle is also the
zapadnom danskom obalom potonuo most interesting (241). It is preserved
početkom 19.st. (Cooper 2012). Taj almost completely, only its tip is
je brod opremljen i porinut 1785 .g. a missing. It is a bit irregular, with flat
potonuo je 1811. g. I mala obla bočica body, and on two wider sides it bears
78 prema svemu sudeći služila je za a plant shallowly incised by polishing.
neki lijek i mogla bi se datirati u rano Most likely it contained special liquid
20. st. made of illustrated plant. Considering
incised ornament and form, we can
Četvrtaste boce i početak assume that the bottle was made late
industrijske proizvodnje in the 18th or during the 19th century.
This is confirmed by a find of six such
U ovoj zbirci prisutno je i small bottles from the shipwreck St.
nekoliko donjih dijelova uskih boca George which sank in front of the
četverokutnog presjeka, tamnozelene western Danish coast at the beginning
boje (193, 197, 284). Promjer tijela of the 19th century (Cooper 2012).
pronađenih primjeraka u rasponu je This ship was equipped and launched
od 42 do 48 mm. Ove boce debljih in 1785 and she sank in 1811. Small
stijenki izrađivane su puhanjem u rounded bottle 78 probably also
kalup i korištene su načelno za piće contained some medicine and it could
i ulje. be dated to the early 20th century.
Na osnovi nekih gornjih
dijelova tih boca (195, 201) možemo Square bottles and beginning of
zaključiti kako ih je dosta služilo industrial production
za višnjin liker, poznati zadarski
Maraschino. S obzirom na ono što se In this collection there are several
zna o proizvodnji Maraskina, ovakve lower parts of narrow bottles with
boce proizvođene su tijekom 19. st., square cross-section, in dark green
sve do početka 20. st. colour (193, 197, 284). Diameter of
Dvije boce imaju na ramenu bodies of recovered examples varies
apliciran stakleni pečatni otisak s from 42 to 48 mm. These bottles with
grbom i natpisom. Tako na ulomku thick walls were made by mold blowing
201 vidimo dvoglavog okrunjenog and used mainly for drinks and oil.
austrijskog orla i čitamo ● FABB. On the basis of certain upper
MARASCHINO M. MAGAZZIN parts of these bottles (195, 201) we
● ZARA. Na drugom ulomku, can conclude that many such vessels
u sličnom pečatu s dvoglavim were used for cherry liqueur, famous
32
284 193 197 195
33
195 201
202 197
Slika 14. Pečati “Maraskino boca” (Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 14. Stamps of the „Maraschino bottles“ (photo: L. Bekić)
34
Slika 15. Maraskino boca tvrtke M.Magazzin (Foto: L.
Bekić)
Figure 15. Maraschino bottle of the M.Magazzin
company (photo by: L. Bekić)
35
Slika 16. Dio pečata proizvođača Vlahova (Foto: L.
Bekić)
Figure 16. Part of a stamp of the producer Vlahov
(photo: L. Bekić)
36
Slika 17. Boca Florida water iz Ližnjana (Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 17. Bottle of Florida water from Ližnjan (photo: L. Bekić)
37
nalazištima.4 Pluteni čepovi proizvodili on these sites.4 Cork stoppers were
su se od drveta Quercus Suber koje made of wood Quercus Suber which
je raslo u Portugalu i Španjolskoj. grew in Portugal and Spain. In the
Početkom njihove uporabe u 16. i 17. beginning of their use in the 16th
st., u tim se zemljama razvila cijela and 17th centuries in these countries
industrija proizvodnje pluta kako bi an entire industry of production of
se tržište namirilo tom sirovinom za cork developed to provide the market
izradu čepova ( Jones, Sullivan 1989, with raw material for making stoppers
149). ( Jones, Sullivan 1989, 149).
Boca 55 zatvorena je metalnim Bottle 55 is closed with a metal
čepom, tako da je jedan dio uglavljen stopper so that a part of it was inserted
u grlo boce, a drugi manji dio na into the neck of the bottle and the other
njemu. Ovakvo zatvaranje boca često smaller part is on it. Such procedure
je kod tirolskih boca iz 17. i 18. st. is common on the bottles from Tyrol
(Baumgärtner 1977, from the 17th and 18th centuries
kat.78-83, 86-89, (Baumgärtner 1977, kat.78-83, 86-
itd.). Manja 89, etc.). Smaller zinc cap would be
cink kapica screwed into a larger zinc which was
navijala fastened permanently on the bottle
bi se u (Zinnnschraubversluß). But this bottle
55
4 Kositreni čepovi poput onih pronađenih 4 Tin stoppers such as the ones found near
kod Savudrije (Gluščević 2006, 11, Savudrija (Gluščević 2006, 11, Fig.2-1),
Fig.2-1), nisu zatvarali staklene boce, did not close glass bottles but tin cylinders
već kositrene cilindre u kojima se nalazio which contained balm called Teriaca
balzam zvan Teriaca, a koji se proizvodio produced in many pharmacies in Venice
u brojnim ljekarnama u Veneciji u 17. st. in the 17th century. In addition to many
Osim brojnih čepova s natpisom TERI stoppers with an inscription TERIACA
ACA∙F∙ALLA∙TESTA∙D’ORO∙IN∙VE ∙F∙ALLA∙TESTA∙D’ORO∙IN∙VENET
NET koje je pronašao Davor Milošević found by Davor Milošević near Savudrija,
kod Savudrije, i mi smo pronašli kod we also found a tin stopper of the Teriaca
Ližnjana kositreni čep terijaka masti koja balm made in the pharmacy Al ponte in
je izrađivana u ljekarni Al ponte u Veneciji. Venice near Ližnjan.
38
veći cink dio koji je bio fiksno pričvršćen is not similar to the Tyrol examples
na bocu (Zinnnschraubversluß). No ova though they were also made by using
boca inače ne nalikuje tim tirolskim half-post technique.
bocama, mada su i one napravljene u
half-post tehnici. Beakers, chalices and goblets
39
87
88
10
12
13 14
6
11
40
stilu, to jest façon de Venise. U in Netherlands after the Venetian style
sjevernoj Europi ovakve su čaše i.e. façon de Venise. In northern Europe
nazivali Flügelglas ili Dragonglas jer su such beakers were called Flügelglas or
zmajevi repovi ili krila bili postavljeni Dragonglas since dragon’s tails or wings
na suprotnim stranama pa je tako were placed on the opposite sides so
noga čaše izgledala kao da ima krila. that the beaker foot looked like having
Ova dva ulomka pripadala su možda wings. These two fragments may have
istoj čaši, a u svakom slučaju spadaju u belonged to the same beaker and they
produkciju 17. st. Dijelovi takvih čaša definitely belong to the 17th century
kod nas su pronađeni na brodolomu production. Fragments of such beakers
Drevine iz kraja 17. st. (Kisić 1982, were found in Croatia on the Drevine
Sl.21,22). shipwreck from the end of the 17th
Vjerojatno je peharima pripadao century (Kisić 1982, fig.21,22).
gornji dio posude 9 sa Selina. Na Upper part of the vessel 9 from Seline
obodu ima apliciranu bezbojnu probably belonged to goblets. On its rim
staklenu traku u kojoj je isprepletena it has an applied colourless glass band in
bijela nit. Ovu tehniku, zvanu zanfirico which white thread was intertwined. This
(kasnije i drugi načini isprepletanja: technique known as zanfirico (later on
85
86
Slika 20. Ulomci Flügelglas čaše iz Veštra i primjer takve cjelovite čaše (Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 20. Fragments of Flügelglas beaker from Veštar and an example of a complete beaker of
the same type (photo: L. Bekić)
41
9
188
7
8
42
Gnaliću (Lazar, Willmott 2006, fig.20) made by mold. Similar decoration was
i na dnima nekih posuda koje izgledaju found on Gnalić (Lazar, Willmott 2006,
kao zdjelice, 81 i 82 iz Veštra i 248 sa fig.20). Bases of some vessels which re-
Selina. Tu valja spomenuti više slično semble small bowls were decorated in a
ukrašenih čaša s uvučenim dnom similar manner, numbers 81 and 82 from
koje se datiraju u 17.st. iz Portugala Veštar and 248 from Seline. We also need
(Ferreira, Medici 2010, Fig.8). Na to mention several beakers with concave
žalost usitnjenost pronađenih ulomaka base from Portugal decorated in a similar
ne dopušta točnije odrediti oblik manner dated to the 17th century (Fer-
posude. reira, Medici 2010, Fig.8). Unfortunately
Donji dijelovi vrlo različitih fragmented state of recovered fragments
pehara i zdjela pronađeni su na prevents reconstruction of precise form
Selinama, ali o njihovu točnom of the vessel.
obliku ne može se više reći (7, 8, 15, Lower parts of various goblets
242) pa je tako moguće i da su neki and bowls were found in Seline, but
od ovih donjih dijelova pripadali little can be said about their exact form
zdjelicama. (7, 8, 15, 242) so that it is possible that
Ostali primjerci već se mogu some of these lower parts belonged to
ubrojiti u čaše. Možda najstarija small bowls.
čaša pronađena je na Selinama Remaining examples can be
(18). Velike čaše s bradavičastim classified as beakers. Possibly the oldest
ukrasom nazivaju se Krautstrunk ili beaker was found on Seline (18). Large
Nuppenbecher (ovisno o obliku), a bile beakers with knob-like decoration are
su vrlo popularne u srednjoj Europi. called Krautstrunk or Nuppenbecher
Proizvodile su se u tamošnjim brojnim (depending on the form). They were very
“šumskim staklanama” od 14. do 17. popular in central Europe. They were
st. U nas su u priobalnom području produced in numerous „wood glassworks“
rijetke, ali su pojedini primjerci from the 14th to 17th centuries. They are
pronađeni u Zadru i Dvigradu (Fadić not frequent in our coastal region, but
1985) te kaštelu Žminj (Bekić 2009, there were individual finds in Zadar and
slika na s. 400). Dvigrad (Fadić 1985) and castle Žminj
Velik broj čaša izrađen je od (Bekić 2009, figure on p. 400).
svjetloljubičastih tonova, a razmjerno Large number of beakers was
su slične u oblicima. Za ovakve čaše made in light purple tones, and they
nema nikakvih analogija u dostupnoj are quite similar in forms. There are no
literaturi i nalazima. Nekoliko analogies for such beakers in available
ljubičastih čunjastih čaša ima nisku works and finds. Several skittle-
43
Slika 22. Dio Krautstrunk čaše s rta Selina kod
Pule (Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 22. Part of a Krautstrunk beaker from
cape Seline near Pula (photo: L. Bekić)
44
232 236
3
Naizgled iste, razlikuju se donekle u kutu using the mixture which gives the
kosine stijenke, kao i tonu ljubičaste purple tone reveals that colour of these
boje. Tonovi boje nemaju neku važnost beakers was intentional. Unfortunately
kod izrade stakla jer je proizvođačima there are no published finds which
onog vremena bilo teško svaki put would help us in determining dating
pripremiti istu smjesu pa je tako ovisno and origin of purple beakers.
o mikroprimjesama oksida ovisio krajnji Colourless beakers with
ton stakla. Ipak, ustrajnost u korištenju cylindrical body and thick walls with
smjese koje daje ljubičasti ton otkriva incised rounded cavities probably
kako je boja ovih čaša bio namjeran čin. originate from Bohemia (2, 228, 238)
Nažalost za brojne ljubičaste čaše nema where glass was engraved with a wheel
objavljenih nalaza koji bi nam pomogli in the 18th century leaving traces
u njihovu boljem određenju - kako exactly as on our example (Barovier-
datacije, tako i porijekla. Mentasti 2006; Horvat, Biondić
Bezbojne čaše valjkastog tijela, 2007, fig.78). But it is also possible
debljih stijenki s urezanim oblim that some beakers in the Czech
udubljenjima vjerojatno potječu iz style were made on Murano as we
Češke (2, 228, 238). Tamo je tijekom know that the glassmaker Giuseppe
18. st. uvriježena moda graviranja Briati in 1737 got licence to produce
stakla pomoću kotača koji su na stijeni such glass and brought masters from
stakla ostavljali upravo ovakve tragove Bohemia to make glass in their specific
(Barovier-Mentasti 2006; Horvat, way (Barovier-Mentasti 2006). Our
Biondić 2007, sl.78). No također je engraved examples 2, 228, undecorated
moguće da su neke čaše u češkom stilu beakers 227, 238 and skittle-shaped
45
4 230 288
izrađene na Muranu, jer je poznato kako beakers with vertical grooves (5, 229)
je staklar Giuseppe Briati 1737. g. dobio on the basis of close analogies from
licencu za proizvodnju takvog stakla te the old Francisan monastery in Osijek
doveo majstore iz Češke kako bi ih na probably can be dated to the 18th
svoj način ovdje izrađivali (Barovier- century (Horvat, Biondić 2007, 144 -
Mentasti 2006). Naši gravirani primjerci 161).
2, 228, neukrašene čaše 227, 238, pa i There are several more larger and
čunjaste čaše s okomitim utorima (5, smaller beakers, e.g. colourless skittle-
229) na osnovu bliskih analogija iz shaped ones with smooth walls (10,
starog franjevačkog samostana u Osijeku 237). Then there are small skittle-
vjerojatno se mogu datirati u 18. st. shaped beakers and cylindrical ones
(Horvat, Biondić 2007, 144 - 161). 249 which were probably used for
Tu je još nekoliko većih i manjih drinking spirits due to dimensions.
čaša, npr. bezbojne čunjaste s glatkim Fragment of a very small purple beaker
stijenkama (10, 237). Zatim male with a handle number 16 is very
čunjaste čašice 239 i valjkaste 249 koje interesting.
su zbog dimenzija vjerojatno služile za
žestoka pića. Zanimljiv je i dio vrlo male
čašice ljubičastog tona s ručicom 16.
46
2
47
Slika 26. Rebraste zdjele ili
pehari (Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 26. Ribbed bowls or
1 goblets (photo: L. Bekić)
77
u uporabu tijekom 14. st. (Vaudour their use is dated to the 14th century.
2009, 91). U svakom slučaju riječ je (Vaudour 2009, 91). In any case these
o vrlo luksuznim predmetima i prava are very luxurious objects and it is
je sreća da je ovaj jedan primjer tako a fortunate circumstance that this
dobro očuvan. Primjerak 1 bogato je example is so well preserved. Example
ukrašen okomitim rebrima i naknadno 1 is richly decorated with vertical ribs
apliciranim vodoravnim staklenim and subsequently applied glass threads
trakama zlatne boje. Ove zdjele ili gold in colour. These bowls or goblets
pehare mogli bismo datirati u 16. st. may be dated to the 16th century.
Uz ove rebraste posudice postoje In addition to these small ribbed
još tri koje im donekle nalikuju. To bowls there are three more which
su posudice 81 i 82 iz Veštra i 248 resemble them to a certain extent.
sa Selina, sve s kapljičastim reljefnim These are small vessels 81 and 82 from
ukrasom. Možda su i one dijelovi Veštar and 248 from Seline all with
pehara, mada je vjerojatnije riječ o drop-shaped relief decoration. Perhaps
zdjelicama. Valja upozoriti kako je they also were parts of goblets though
ovakav ukras poznat i s drugih posuda it is more likely that these were small
poput čaše 9. Široka stopa 247, blago bowls. Identical ornament is known
smeđeg tona, vjerojatno je nosila na from other vessels such as beaker 9.
sebi neku zdjelu. Slične stope postoje Wide ring base 247, in light brown
i na Gnaliću (Lazar, Willmott 2006, tone, probably carried some kind of a
S10, fig.46-48), s kraja 16. st. bowl. Similar ring bases were found
48
Slika 27. Ulomci zdjela
s kapljičastim reljefom
(Foto: L. Bekić) 82
Figure 27. Fragments of 81
bowls with drop-shaped
relief (photo: L. Bekić)
248
49
Slika 28. Zdjelica za jako razvraćenim, valovito
oblikovanim rubom (Foto: L.Bekić)
Figure 28. Small bowl with strongly everted,
wavy rim (photo: L. Bekić)
50
užoj strani najvjerojatnije su pripadali 244, 245). Their glass has much purer
staklenim dijelovima petrolejke (76, structure and regular forms so we can
243, 244, 245). Njihovo je staklo conclude that it was made during the
mnogo čišće strukture i pravilnih 20th century.
oblika pa se može zaključiti kako je Purpose of the light green
strojno izrađivano tijekom 20. st. fragment of a glass vessel of unusual
Svjetlozelenkasti dio staklene form 189, from the bay of Kuje, is
posude neobičnog oblika 189, iz uvale unknown. Handles of glass lids known
Kuje, nepoznate je namjene. Sličnog from the Drevine shipwreck from the
su oblika drške staklenih poklopaca 17th centry (Kisić, 1982, fig. 23) have
koje poznajemo s brodoloma similar form. Such small handles of
Drevine iz 17.st (Kisić 1982, Sl.23). glass lids were usually made of full
Inače su takve male drške staklenih glass while our small vessel is hollow,
poklopaca izrađene od punog stakla, resembling to a certain degree early
dok je naša posudica šuplja, pa tako medieval and medieval hanging oil
donekle sliči ranosrednjovjekovnim lamps.
i srednjovjekovnim visećim uljnim Finally we need to mention glass
svjetiljkama. beads which are actually quite frequent
Na kraju valja spomenuti staklene finds though sometimes very difficult
perle koje su zapravo čest nalaz, mada to date. However some shipwrecks give
ih je ponekad teško datirati. Ipak, neki us a very clear image of what beads
brodolomi daju nam jasnu sliku kakve were used in the Post-Medieval Era.
su perle korištene u novovjekovnom Many beads were found on the Gnalić
razdoblju. Poznate su brojne perle s shipwreck near Pakoštane from the
brodoloma Gnalić kod Pakoštana iz late 16th century (Lazar, Willmott
kasnog 16. st. (Lazar, Willmott 2006, 2006, 23), shipwreck from the early
23) brodoloma ranog 17. st. Mijoka 17th century Mijoka near Murter
kod Murtera (Zmaić 2009, Sl.7), a (Zmaić 2009, fig.7), and there are many
postoje i brojni primjeri s brodoloma examples from the Drevine shipwreck
Drevine kod Dubrovnika s početka 18. near Dubrovnik from the beginning of
st. (Kisić 1982, 160, Sl.25). the 18th century (Kisić 1982, 160, fig.
Nedavno, 2008. godine, 25).
Ministarstvo kulture RH financiralo je Recently in 2008 Ministry of
restauriranje jednog drvenog sanduka Culture of the Republic of Croatia
s Drevina, a na njemu su se s vanjske financed restoration of a wooden chest
strane u konglomeratu željezne from Drevine on which tiny glass
korozije i pijeska pronašle i sitne beads were found on its outer side
51
staklene perlice. Više njih izvađeno in a conglomerate of iron corrosion
je iz tog grumena kako bi se dobio and sand. Several beads were taken
uvid u njihovu raznolikost (Slika 29). out of that lump to get insight into
Mada naizgled slične, na svakom od their diversity (figure 29). Although
ovih brodoloma pronađu se i perle seemingly similar, on each of these
koje drugdje nisu zastupljene, što nam shipwrecks beads were found which
najzornije pokazuje kako je bogata bila are not represented elsewhere which
produkcija ovog nakita u novovjekovno illustrates rich production of this
doba. jewelry in the Post-Medieval Era.
52
Zaključak Conclusion
53
lokalni proizvod nekih za sada bottles of group 1 were local products
nepoznatih staklarskih radionica na of some unknown glassmaking
Jadranu i da su izrađivane uglavnom workshops on the Adriatic and that
tijekom 17. st. Zastupljenost na they were made mostly during the
sidrištima ne ukazuje samo na 17th century. Their presence on berths
odbačeni teret, nego i na predmete does not indicate only discarded cargo
koje masovno rabe mornari koji but also that they were objects used
plove Jadranom. Boce 1. skupine massively by the sailors sailing on the
tijekom vremena pomalo zamjenjuju i Adriatic. Bottles of group 1 gradually
nasljeđuju boce 2 skupine, a porijeklo replaced and inherited bottles of group
im je vjerojatno isto. Potvrdu nalazimo 2, and their origin is probably identical.
i u jednom primjerku nađenom u Confirmation can be found in one
sjevernoj Italiji.6 example found in northern Italy.6
Boce skupine 3 očito pripadaju Bottles of group 3 evidently
dobro poznatim tamnim vinskim belong to well-known dark squat wine
bocama trbušastog oblika kakve bottles which are very common in the
su vrlo česte u drugoj polovici second half of the 17th century, and
17., a posebice u 18. st. Njihova particularly in the 18th century. They
zastupljenost na brodovima zemalja appear frequently on the ships of the
zapadne i sjeverne Europe velika je countries of western and northern
te je neobično da ih se u na Jadranu Europe and it is unusual that more of
nije pronašlo, u statističkom omjeru, them were not found on the Adriatic, in
i mnogo više. Boce skupine 3 nisu statistical terms. Bottles of group 3 did
nestale, već su doživjele mnoge važne not disappear but they underwent many
promjene u tehnici izrade, a time important changes in the production
i izgledu tijekom 19. st. Nastavile technique, and therefore in appearance
su se razvijati i do danas, kada ih during the 19th century. They continued
poznajemo kao tamne vinske butelje. to develop to the present day when
Promjene u staklarskoj tehnici we know them as dark wine bottles.
19. st. otvaraju prostor za dolazak Changes in glassmaking technique in
masovnog korištenja bezbojnih boca the 19th century enabled introduction
sa zaobljenim Γ profilom oboda, of massive use of colourless bottles with
54
Slika 30. Tipološko-datacijska tablica najčešćih skupina nalaza
Figure 30. Table representing typology and dating of the most frequent groups of finds
naše skupine 4. Mada izrađivane rounded Γ profile of the rim, our group
puhanjem, ovakve boce proizvodile su 4. Although they were made by blowing
se do 20. st. u manjim radionicama u such bottles were produced until the
raznim oblicima. Za razliku od boca 20th century in smaller workshops
skupine 3 u kojima se vino moglo in various forms. As opposed to the
skladištiti, boce 4 skupine korištene bottles of group 3 in which wine could
su uglavnom za posluživanje vina iz have been stored, bottles of group 4
bačava na stolove. were used mainly for serving wine from
Ostale boce u našoj zbirci barrels to tables.
uglavnom su pojedinačni primjerci. Remaining bottles in our
Poneke se, posebice starije, mogu collection are mostly individual
tipološki odrediti, a mnoge su examples. Some of them can be defined
za sada neistražene i nedovoljno typologically particularly the older
dokumentirane u arheološkoj literaturi. ones. Many of these vessels are not
Što se tiče čaša i pehara, moguće explored or documented sufficiently in
je odrediti mnoge oblike čaša na nozi, the archaeological works.
55
jer se njihova izrada može povezati As for beakers and goblets, it
s muranskim centrom. Za ostale is possible to define many forms of
pojedinačne manje ulomke to nije beakers on foot as their production
moguće pa im je oblik i porijeklo can be related to the center in Murano.
još nejasno. Velik broj čunjastih For the remaning individual smaller
čaša ljubičastih tonova pronađen je fragments it is not possible, so that
zajedno s bocama grupe 1 i 2. Na their form and origin remain unclear.
žalost nije moguće odrediti ni točno Great number of skittle-shaped
porijeklo ni dataciju tim čašama zbog beakers in purple tones were found
apsolutnog nedostatka usporednih together with beakers from groups 1
nalaza. Na osnovi generalnih kretanja and 2. Unfortunately it is impossible
u oblikovanju čaša, popratnih nalaza to determine exact origin or dating of
i tehničkih karakteristika, za sada ih these beakers due to lack of analogies.
se može smjestiti u 18. st. Valjkaste On the basis of general trends in
bezbojne čaše od kojih mnoge imaju shaping of beakers, accompanying finds
ukrase graviranjem, bez sumnje se and technical characteristics, for now
mogu smjestiti u 18. st. i vjerojatno we can date them to the 18th century.
pripisati češkim radionicama. Ostale Cylindrical colourless beakers many of
pojedinačne i fragmentarne čaše teško which were decorated with engraving
je odrediti prema bilo kojem tipu s can doubtlessly be dated to the 18th
većom sigurnošću. century and probably ascribed to the
U ovoj zbirci nalazi se nekoliko Czech workshops. Other individual
stotina staklenih predmeta koji nam and fragmentary beakers can hardly be
svjedoče o svakodnevnom korištenju classified into types with certainty.
stakla na brodovima od 16. do 19. st. In this collection there are several
Tek manji dio ovih predmeta može hundreds glass objects which testify
se pripisati trgovačkoj robi, koja je iz to everyday use of glass on ships from
nekog razloga bila izbačena iz tereta the 16th to 19th centuries. Only a
na usidrenim brodovima. Buduća smaller part of these objects can be
istraživanja ne samo podvodnih ascribed to merchandise which was for
nalazišta poput sidrišta i brodoloma some reason discarded from cargo on
nego i priobalnih naselja, pomoći će anchored ships. Future research of not
nam u rasvjetljavanju ove zanimljive only underwater sites such as berths,
i nedovoljno poznate staklarske shipwrecks but also coastal settlements
proizvodnje. will help us in sheding more light on
this interesting and poorly known
glass production
56
Proizvodnja stakla u Veštru kod Production of glass in Veštar near
Rovinja Rovinj
57
Slika 31. Rastaljena opeka s
tragovima ocakljivanja (Foto:
L. Bekić)
Figure 31. Molten brick with
traces of glazing (photo: L.
Bekić)
58
drugdje u Hrvatskoj, stoga imaju objects and architectural remains of
za našu arheologiju velik značaj. Na kilns will remain covered with bush on
žalost, razrješavanje pitanja zgrade the coast of Veštar. Our insights about
radionica i arhitektonski ostatci peći this potential glass workshop must
za sada će ostati prikriveni makijom rely only on finds collected during
na obali Veštra. Naša saznanja o toj underwater archaeological excavations
potencijalnoj radionici stakla moramo, and certain finds on the sea coast.
dakle, crpiti samo iz nalaza koje The main „witness“ are glass sticks
smo prikupili tijekom podvodnih (110, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 1355, 1364,
arheoloških istraživanja te ponekih 1365) and tubes (111, 112, 124, 1353,
nalaza na obali mora. 1354, 1355) some of which were found
Glavni su svjedoci stakleni in the Post-Medieval layers. Sticks vary
štapići (110, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, in dimensions but sometimes they are
1355, 1364, 1365) i cjevčice (111, very small (127, 128) and they were
112, 124, 1353, 1354, 1355) od kojih also found in the Post-Medieval layer.
su neki pronađeni i u novovjekovnim They are all in different colours, more
127 128
1353 1365
124
1354
1355 1366
59
Slika 33. Savinuti
štapići i cjevčice iz Veštra
(Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 33. Bent
sticks and tubes from
Veštar (photo: L. Bekić)
118 287
120
119
60
Figure 34. Lumps
of black glass raw
material (photo:
L. Bekić)
Slika 34.
Grumeni crne
staklene sirovine
(Foto: L. Bekić)
292
100
61
Rastaljenih komada stakla ima Post-Medieval layer SJ 3 in probe 3
više (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 123), is particularly interesting. Workshop
ali za njih uglavnom ne možemo refuse from the 17th century from
sa sigurnošću reći datiraju li se u Silkstone in southern Yorkshire
novovjekovno ili antičko razdoblje. (Paynter, Dungworth 2011, Fig.35)
Tu valja izdvojiti komad rastaljenog has identical consistency.
plavog stakla 123, koji je pronađen u Glass vessels from the bay of
stratigrafski novovjekovnom sloju SJ Veštar (64-88 etc.) cannot be directly
3 u sondi 3. Iste konzistencije i boje linked with the workshop as they are
radionički je otpad 17. st. iz Silkstona not workshop refuse. However it is
u južnom Yorkshireu (Paynter, possible that some of these objects are
Dungworth 2011, Fig.35). related with traces of this workshop.
Staklene posude pronađene u The same goes for the beads which
uvali Veštar (64-88 itd.) ne mogu se cannot be dated to antiquity and they
izravno povezati s radionicom jer ne were found close to these objects.
predstavljaju radionički otpad. Ipak ne These are small ribbed bead 90, small
možemo isključiti i da su neki od ovih flat bead 301, green opaque bead
predmeta povezani s tragovima ove 300 and smooth transparent green
radionice. Isto vrijedi i za neke perle, bead 89. Ribbed blue beads such as
za koje možemo reći da nisu antičkog the example 90 can be found on the
postanja, a pronađene su u blizini ovih Gnalić shipwreck (Lazar, Willmott
predmeta. To su mala plava narebrena 2006, 23) and somewhat bigger such
perla 90, sitna plava plosnata perla as 89, on the Mijoka shipwreck near
301, zelena neprozirna perla 300 te Murter (Zmaić 2009, Sl.7). There are
zaglađena prozirna zelena perla 89. quite small blue beads as 301 on the
Narebrene plave perle poput primjerka same shipwreck, and identical items
90 mogu se pronaći na brodolomu were found on the Drevine shipwreck
Gnalić (Lazar, Willmott 2006, 23), a (figure 29).
malo veće tamnozelene poput one 89, na Except for the question if there
brodolomu Mijoka kod Murtera (Zmaić was a glass workshop in Veštar, to
2009, Sl.7). Na istom brodolomu postoje which possible answer would be more
i sasvim malene plave perle, kao ova than likely, there is also the question of
301, a takve su nađene i na brodolomu why it was located there.
Drevine (Slika 29). It is a known fact that glassmak-
Osim pitanja je li u Veštru bila ers from Murano emigrated to other
radionica stakla, na koje bi na osnovi cities out of the scope of the Republic
izloženog mogli odgovoriti da vrlo to found their workshops there despite
62
92 89 90 301
300
63
u Veštru ili bi on morao raditi ilegalno The second possibility is that
što je iz tehničkih razloga u ovom slučaju the port of Veštar was used as a
nemoguće. smugglers’ point. Export of glass
Druga mogućnost je da je luka producing equipment, half-products
Veštar služila kao krijumčarska točka. and raw-material outside the borders
Naime, poznato je da je izvoz opreme of the Venetian Republic was strictly
za izradu stakla, ali i poluproizvoda i forbidden (Moretti, Salerno, Ferroni
same sirovine izvan granica Mletačke 2003, 241). Existence of such
Republike, bio strogo zabranjen prohibitions is a logical consequence
(Moretti, Salerno, Ferroni 2003, 241). of such activities so we might guess
Postojanje ovakvih zabrana logična je that the port of Veštar, away from the
posljedica takve djelatnosti pa se može Rovinj city guards may have served
nagađati kako je i luka Veštar, podalje to the smugglers for unloading goods
od rovinjskih gradskih straža, mogla which were further directed toward
služiti krijumčarima za iskrcavanje the interior of Istria and the border
robe koja je potom putovala prema which was near since the territory
unutrašnjosti Istre i granici. A granica of the Duchy of Carniola started
nije bila daleko jer je od Žminja from Žminj wherefrom commodities
počinjao teritorij vojvodine Kranjske may have freely been transported
odakle je roba mogla slobodno biti towards glassmaking workshops of
transportirana prema staklarskim central Europe. However this option
radionicama srednje Europe. Ipak ova is questionable as in Veštar we have
je opcija upitna jer osim prisutnosti traces of working of half-products
sirovina i poluproizvoda, u Veštru which indicates actual production.
nalazimo i pojedine tragove već Many „wood glassworks“
započete obrade poluproizvoda što (Waldglas-Hütten) worked in central
ipak ukazuje na pravu proizvodnju. Europe during the Middle Ages which
Tijekom srednjeg vijeka u produced mostly everyday glass ware in
srednjoj Europi postojale su i brojne a limited amount (Barovier-Mentasti
“šumske staklane” (Waldglas-Hütten) 2006). Their location in the woods
koje su u manjem opsegu proizvodile was justified due to unlimited source
uglavnom svakodnevno stakleno of wood necessary for potash and for
posuđe (Barovier-Mentasti 2006). stoking kilns. According to present-
Njihov smještaj u šumama opravdan day knowledge Veštar was uninhabited
je zbog neograničene količine gorivog for the most part in that period and
materijala koji je bio potreban za distant from the first cities – Rovinj
pepeljiku (potašu) i loženje peći. A and Bale. We have a testimony from
64
Slika 36. Luka Veštar i danas se koristi kao sidrište. U prvom planu današnji mol u drugom planu
ostaci mola iz 17. st. (Foto: L. Bekić)
Figure 36. The port of Veštar is still used as a berth. In foreground present-day quay, in background
remains of a quay from the 17th century (photo: L. Bekić)
prema sadašnjim saznanjima Veštar the 9th century that woods covered this
je u to doba bio uglavnom nenaseljen area when bishop Maximilian got the
i udaljen od prvih gradova - Rovinja i wood of Veštar for his merits. During
Bala. O tome da su tu bile šume imamo underwater archaeological excavations
svjedočanstvo još iz 9. st. kada biskup of the quay number 3 in Veštar,thick layer
Maksimilijan dobiva Veštarsku šumu of wooden branches of intentionally cut
za svoje zasluge. I prilikom podvodnog trees and bushes was found in probe
arheološkog istraživanja mola broj 3 u D (SJ 2). As this layer is dated to the
Veštru, u sondi D pronađen je debeo beginning of the 17th century it is
sloj drvenih grana namjerno posječenog evident that the surrounding of the bay
drveća i makije (SJ 2). Kako se ovaj sloj was overgrown with wood and bushes.
datira u početak 17. st., očito je okoliš We also know that at that time Veštar
65
uvale i tada bio bogato zarašten šumom was used as a port for loading wood
i makijom. Također nam je poznata material for the needs of the Venetian
činjenica kako je Veštar u to doba bio arsenal. This supports the fact that there
korišten kao luka za utovar drvne građe was enough wood for glass production
za potrebe mletačkog arsenala. I ovo in the surrounding of Veštar. Such
govori u prilog tome da je u okolici bilo smaller workshop probably could have
dovoljno drva za proizvodnju stakla. produced simpler glass vessels and
Ovakva manja radionica vjerojatno beads for the needs of wider area and for
je mogla proizvoditi jednostavnije trade going through this port. However
staklene posude i perle za potrebe making of glass in „wood glasshouses“
šireg području, ali i za trgovinu koja se is characteristic primarily for the region
odvijala kroz ovu luku. No izrada stakla of central Europe, Bohemia, Germany
u “šumskim staklanama” karakteristična and others, and first such glasshouse
je prije svega za područje srednje in Croatia started working only in the
Europe, Češku, Njemačku i druge, a 18th century in Crni lug in Gorski
prva takva staklana u nas započela je Kotar.
radom tek u 18. st. u Crnom Lugu u The last possibility is that all these
Gorskom kotaru. glass finds were randomly discarded in
Zadnja mogućnost je kako je the bay at some point. But if we have
sva ova staklarska građa u neko doba in mind that arovnd hundred of glass
nasumce izbačena u uvali. No s obzirom vessels, tubes, sticks and raw material
da je dosad pronađeno stotinjak were found in the wide area of the bay,
ulomaka staklenih posuda, cjevčica i we can expect even more finds of the
štapića te sirovine na širokom prostoru kind. Some accidental unloading of
uvale, tih nalaza očito možemo očekivati a cargo of glass and workshop refuse
u mnogo većim količinama. Stoga neko would not leave so much traces and in
slučajno iskrcavanje jednog tovara stakla such large area.
i radioničkog otpada ne bi ostavilo toliko Evidently there is no final
traga, i na tolikom prostoru. solution in interpretation of these
Očito je da konačnog rješenja za finds. True confirmation of existence
tumačenje ovih nalaza još nema. Prava of glass workshop may be found
potvrda postojanja staklane mogli bi only in architectural remains of a
biti samo građevinski ostatci radionice workshop with kilns. Future research
s pećima. Buduća će istraživanja will hopefully reveal more about that
nadamo se otkriti više o toj tajanstvenoj mysterious glass workshop whose
staklarskoj radionici čiju građu products we find in the port of Veštar
pronalazimo u luci Veštar kod Rovinja. near Rovinj.
66
Proizvodnja stakla u novom vijeku Glass production in the Post-
Medieval Era
Za razumijevanje ovog
staklarskog opusa prezentiranog u In order to understand properly
prvim poglavljima ovog kataloga, kao glass finds presented in the first
i same potencijalne radionice u Veštru, chapters of this catalogue, as well as
valja ukratko objasniti postupke izrade the possible glass workshop in Veštar
stakla u razdoblju od 16. do 19. st. we need to explain shortly procedures
Vrlo je zanimljivo istraživanje of glass production from the 16th to
obavljeno u Broumy u Češkoj, gdje 19th centuries.
je arheološki i povijesno razotkrivena A very interesting research was
renesansna radionica stakla, koja je published in Broumy in the Czech
pod raznim majstorima djelovala od Republic where a Renaissance
oko 1596. do oko 1743. g. (Žeklic glassworks was explored from
2007). Tu se potanko opisuju osnovne archaeological and historical
pretpostavke za smještanje radionice u standpoint which functioned under
prostoru. Blizina šume za drva koja su various masters from 1596 to 1743
korištena u pećima, ali i za proizvodnju (Žeklic 2007). Here we have detailed
pepela - pepeljike, ležište finog description of all basic prerequisites
kvarcnog pijeska za sirovinu, vode itd. necessary for chosing adequate
Opisuje se i organizacija prostora ovog environment for glassworks such as
pogona sa svim potrebnim majstorima nearness of a wood for firewood used
i njihovim pomoćnicima, kao i potreba in kilns and for production of ashes
za pisanim ugovorom između vlastelina – potash, deposit of quartz sand for
i majstora koji određuje obveze raw material, water etc. There is also a
obiju strana. Također su istražene i description of organization of space of
neke radionice u južno-francuskoj this facility with all necessary masters
pokrajini Bas Languedoc koje nam and their assistants as well as the need
daju mnoštvo podataka o proizvodnji for a written contract between the
srednjovjekovnog i ranonovovjekovnog landlord and master which determines
stakla (Commandre 2011). Na Jadranu obligations of both sides. Some
nije bilo takvih istraživanja, ali staklo workshops in the French region of Bas
se i ovdje proizvodilo na sličan način. Languedoc were also explored offering
Sredinom 18. st. u Francuskoj je us a multitude of information about
objavljivana enciklopedija Diderot, the production of medieval and early
koja u sebi donosi brojne ilustracije medieval glass (Commandre 2011).
iz svijeta staklarstva. Nekoliko njih There were no such research on the
67
vrlo je zanimljivo jer govore upravo Adriatic but glass was produced here
o razdoblju kada je najveći broj naših in a similar way.
predmeta izrađen. Ilustrirane tehnike In the mid-18th century
možemo prepoznati u brojnim encyclopaedia Diderot was published
predmetima ove zbirke. in France bringing many illustrations
Za razliku od rimskog razdoblja, u from the glassmaking world. Some
novovjekovnim radionicama obavljale of them are very interesting as they
su se obje ključne faze izrade stakla. illustrate the period in which the
Izrada staklene mase iz osnovnih greatest number of our finds was
sirovina i druga faza, izrada staklenih made. Illustrated techniques can be
posuda iz poluproizvoda i staklene mase recognized in numerous objects from
(Paynter, Dungworth 2011, 4). Ovisno this collection.
o osnovnim sirovinskim materijalima As opposed to the Roman
te njihovim omjerima postoji nekoliko period both crucial phases of the glass
osnovnih recepata za izradu stakla, production were performed in the Post-
no ti recepti nisu tema ovog kataloga. Medieval glass workshops – making of
Recimo samo to kako se u mletačkim molten glass from basic ingredients
radionicama također koristio kvarcni and the second phase, making glass
pijesak (sa Sicilije, Migliori 2001, 11), vessels from half-products and molten
a od sredine 14. st. i kvarcni kamen glass (Paynter, Dungworth 2011, 4).
iz rijeke Ticino, koji je sadržavao Depending on basic raw material and
manje nečistoća. On se, naravno, prije their proportions there are several basic
uporabe drobio i usitnjavao prah. Za recipes for glass production but they
razliku od “šumskih radionica” srednje are not the theme of this catalogue.
Europe koje su se koristile pepeljikom Let us only say that quartz sand was
(potašom) kao primjesom, mletačke su also used in the Venetian workshops
radionice za to koristile sodu. Kasnije (from Sicily, Migliori 2001, 11), and
su i radionice na Muranu započele from the mid-14th century quartz
i s izradom tzv. olovnog stakla, koje sand from the river of Ticino which
je davalo više kristalnog bezbojnog had less impurities. It was crushed
sjaja proizvodima. Boja stakla ovisi and made into powder before use. As
o metalnim oksidima koji se nalaze opposed to „wood glassworks“ from
u prikupljenoj sirovini, ali staklari su central Europe which used potash
vremenom počeli i umjetno dodavati as admixture, Venetian workshops
okside kako bi kontrolirali boje i used soda. Later on the workshops
tonove stakla (Paynter, Dungworth on Murano started making so-called
2011, 6). „lead glass“ which gave more crystal
68
Slika 37. Mala radionica stakla s loženjem na drvo (a pivette). Umjetnost izrade stakla 1751-
1772, Diderot enciklopedija. (www.glassian.org)
Figure 37. Small glass workshop with kilns with oven-dried wood (a pivette). The art of
glassmaking 1751-1772, Diderot encyclopaedia. (www.glassian.org)
69
Slika 38. Slovački putujući prodavač stakla. Antonin
Hölperl oko 1888. g.
Figure 38. Slovakian travelling glass seller. Antonin
Hölperl around 1888
otvarali nakon što bi u njima bila melting pot in the kiln which would
oblikovana posuda. Uz pomoć be shaped by blowing out of the kiln.
šipke za pridržavanje, posuda bi se He could do that using various tools
odvajala od lule za puhanje i prema or even a simple piece of wood. The
potrebi dorađivala vruća, ponovnim vessel was removed from the blowing
zagrijavanjem u peći. Nakon toga, pipe by pontil rod and it was finished
gotovi stakleni predmeti ostavljali su if necessary by repeated heating in the
se u drugim prostorima peći, na nižim kiln. Finished glass products were left
temperaturama, kako bi se satima in other parts of the kiln, on lower
polagano hladili (Paynter, Dungworth temperatures to cool down for hours
2011, 8). (Paynter, Dungworth 2011, 8).
Gotove posude bile su zamatane Finished vessels were wrapped
u meki materijal poput sijena i pletene in soft material such as hay and
košare za daljnji transport. Staklo su wicker baskets for further transport.
staklari sami dostavljali naručiocima Glass was delivered to orderers (e.g.
(npr. vlasteli, ljekarnicima, trgovcima) aristocrats, pharmacists, merchants) in
u veće gradove. Trgovci u gradovima big cities by the glassmakers themselves.
skladištili su staklarske proizvode, Merchants stored glass products in the
prodavali i slali u udaljenije krajeve cities, and sold them or sent to distant
(Žaklic 2007, 150). Također su i regions (Žaklic 2007, 150). Travelling
putujući staklari prodavali staklo glassmakers also sold glass door-to-door
po kućama, što je zorno prikazano which is well illustrated by an example
primjerom iz 19. st. (Slika 38) from the 19th century. (Fig. 38).
70
Katalog / Catalogue
1. Zdjela s okomitim rebrima i ukrasom vodoravnih 1. Bowl with vertical ribs and decoration with
niti zlatne boje. Pula - Rt Seline. horizontal threads in golden colour. Pula - Rt
2. Donji dio čaše svjetloljubičaste boje s brušenim Seline.
ovalnim ukrasima. Pula - Rt Seline. 2. Lower part of a light purple beaker with polished
3. Donji dio čaše svjetloljubičaste boje. Pula - Rt oval decorations. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline. 3. Lower part of a light purple beaker. Pula - Rt
4. Donji dio čaše svjetloljubičaste boje. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline. 4. Lower part of a light purple beaker. Pula - Rt
5. Donji dio bezbojne čaše s okomitim naborima. Seline.
Pula - Rt Seline. 5. Lower part of a colourless beaker with vertical ribs.
6. Donji dio čaše na stopi s visokom nogom. Pula Pula - Rt Seline.
- Rt Seline. 6. Lower part of a beaker on a ring base with a high
7. Donji dio čaše. Pula - Rt Seline. foot. Pula - Rt Seline.
8. Donji dio čaše. Pula - Rt Seline. 7. Lower part of a beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
9. Gornji dio čaše. Pula - Rt Seline. 8. Lower part of a beaker Pula - Rt Seline.
10. Gornji dio bezbojne čaše. Pula - Rt Seline. 9. Upper part of a beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
11. Donji dio čaše na stopi s visokom nogom. Pula 10. Upper part of a colourless beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
- Rt Seline. 11. Lower part of a beaker on a ring base with a high
12. Zadebljani dio stope čaše na visokoj nozi. Pula foot. Pula - Rt Seline.
- Rt Seline. 12. Thickened part of a ring base on a high foot. Pula
13. Donji dio čaše na stopi s visokom nogom. Pula - Rt Seline.
- Rt Seline. 13. Lower part of a beaker on a ring base with a high
14. Donji dio čaše na stopi s visokom nogom. Pula foot. Pula - Rt Seline.
- Rt Seline. 14. Lower part of a beaker on a ring base with a high
15. Donji dio posude. Pula - Rt Seline. foot. Pula - Rt Seline.
16. Ručica posude. Pula - Rt Seline. 15. Lower part of a vessel. Pula - Rt Seline.
17. Gornji dio boce s okomitim naborima. Pula - Rt 16. Handle of a vessel. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline. 17. Upper part of a bottle with vertical folds. Pula -
18. Dio tijela Krautstrunk čaše. Pula - Rt Seline. Rt Seline.
19. Šesterokutno dno zelene boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 18. Part of the body of a Krautstrunk beaker. Pula - Rt
Seline.
20. Donji dio šesterokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
19. Hexagonal base of a green bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
21. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
20. Lower part of a hexagonal bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
22. Donji dio veće četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt
Seline. 21. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
23. Dio tijela boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 22. Lower part of a larger square bottle. Pula - Rt
Seline.
24. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
23. Part of the body of a bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
25. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
24. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
26. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
25. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
27. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
71
28. Donji dio šesterokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 26. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
29. Donji dio okrugle boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 27. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
30. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 28. Lower part of a hexagonal bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
31. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 29. Lower part of a round bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. 30. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
32. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 31. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
33. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom. Pula - Rt 32. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
34. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 33. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck.
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. Pula - Rt Seline.
35. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom. Pula - Rt 34. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
36. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 35. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. Pula - Rt Seline.
37. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 36. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
38. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 37. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
39. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 38. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
40. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 39. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
41. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 40. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
42. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 41. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
43. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom. Pula - Rt 42. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
44. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 43. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck.
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. Pula - Rt Seline.
45. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 44. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
46. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom niti 45. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
47. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 46. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
48. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
49. Gornji dio boce s izduženim vratom. Pula - Rt 47. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline. 48. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
50. Gornji dio boce s izduženim vratom. Pula - Rt 49. Upper part of a bottle with elongated neck. Pula
Seline. - Rt Seline.
51. Gornji dio boce s izduženim vratom. Pula - Rt 50. Upper part of a bottle with elongated neck. Pula
Seline. - Rt Seline.
52. Gornji dio boce s čunjastim vratom. Pula - Rt
Seline.
72
53. Gornji dio boce s čunjastim vratom i bijelom 51. Upper part of a bottle with elongated neck. Pula
niti na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. - Rt Seline.
54. Gornji dio boce s otučenim obodom. Pula - Rt 52. Upper part of a bottle with skittle-shaped neck.
Seline. Pula - Rt Seline.
55. Gornji dio boce s metalnim čepom. Pula - Rt 53. Upper part of a bottle with skittle-shaped neck
Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
56. Gornji dio boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 54. Upper part of a bottle with damaged rim. Pula -
57. Gornji dio boce s čunjastim vratom. Pula - Rt Rt Seline.
Seline. 55. Upper part of a bottle with a metal stopper. Pula
58. Gornji dio boce.Pula - Rt Seline. - Rt Seline.
59. Gornji dio boce.Pula - Rt Seline. 56. Upper part of a bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
60. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim vratom i bijelom 57. Upper part of a bottle with skittle-shaped neck.
niti na obodu. Pula-Seline. Pula - Rt Seline.
61. Mala bezbojna boca. Pula - Rt Seline. 58. Upper part of a bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
62. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim vratom. Pula - Rt 59. Upper part of a bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline. 60. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
63. Gornji dio boce s čunjastim vratom. Pula - Rt and white thread on the rim. Pula-Seline.
Seline. 61. Small colourless bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
64. Gornji dio tamnozelene boce s čunjastim grlom. 62. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck.
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. Pula - Rt Seline.
65. Gornji dio maslinastozelene boce s čunjastim 63. Upper part of a bottle with skittle-shaped neck..
grlom i bijelim obrubom oboda. Rovinj-Veštar, Pula - Rt Seline.
slučajni nalaz. 64. Upper part of a dark green bottle with skittle-
66. Gornji dio ljubičaste boce s bijelim obrubom shaped neck. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
oboda. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 65. Upper part of an olive-green bottle with skittle-
67. Gornji dio tamno smećkaste boce s ljevkastim shaped neck and white lining of the rim. Rovinj-
grlom. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. Veštar, chance find.
68. Dio trbuha boce s ravnim stranama tamnosmeđe 66. Upper part of a purple bottle with white lining of
boje. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. the rim. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
69. Dio trbuha boce s ravnim stranama zelene boje. 67. Upper part of a dark brownish bottle with funnel-
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. shaped neck. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
70. Gornji dio boce s uspravnim ravnim grlom 68. Part of a belly of a dark brown bottle with flat
otučena oboda. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. sides. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find
71. Gornji dio blago zelenkaste boce s ljevkastim 69. Part of a belly of a green bottle with flat sides
grlom. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
72. Gornji dio tamnozelene boce s čunjastim grlom. 70. Upper part of a bottle with vertical flat neck and
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. damaged rim. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
73. Gornji dio bezbojne boce izduženog grla s 71. Upper part of a greenish bottle with funnel-
Γ-profiliranim obodom. Rovinj - Veštar, shaped neck. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
slučajni nalaz. 72. Upper part of a dark green bottle with skittle-
74. Gornji dio bezbojne boce izduženog grla s shaped neck. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
zadebljanjem ispod otvora. Rovinj - Veštar, 73. Upper part of a colourless bottle with elongated
slučajni nalaz. neck with Γ-shaped rim. Rovinj - Veštar, chance
75. Gornji dio bezbojne boce izduženog, širokog find.
grla. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz.
73
76. Gornji dio fenjera. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni 74. Upper part of a colourless bottle with elongated
nalaz. neck and thickening under the opening. Rovinj
77. Dno tamnosmećkaste zdjelice s okomitim - Veštar, chance find
rebrima Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 75. Upper part of a colourless bottle with elongated,
78. Donji dio bezbojne bočice oblog presjeka. wide neck. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 76. Upper part of a lantern. Rovinj - Veštar, chance
79. Gornji dio tamnosmećkaste boce s ljevkastim find..
grlom. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 77. Base of a small dark brown bowl with vertical
80. Dno tamnozelene boce šesterokutnog presjeka. ribs. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 78. Lower part of a small colourless bottle with round
81. Dno zelene zdjelice s reljefnim ukrasom. Rovinj cross-section. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
- Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 79. Upper part of a dark brown bottle with funnel-
82. Dno maslinastozelene zdjelice s reljefnim shaped neck. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
ukrasom. Rovinj- Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 80. Base of a dark green bottle with hexagonal cross-
84. Ručkica sivkastog tona. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni section. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
nalaz. 81. Base of a small green bowl with a relief ornament.
85. Dio bezbojne čaše sa svjetloplavim vodoravno Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
apliciranim rebrom. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni 82. Base of a small olive-green bowl with a relief
nalaz. ornament. Rovinj- Veštar, chance find.
86. Ručkica svjetloplave boje s aplikacijama u 84. Small handle in greyish tone. Rovinj - Veštar,
bezbojnom staklu. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni chance find.
nalaz. 85. Part of a colourless beaker with light blue rib
87. Kuglasto zadebljanje nožice čaše sivkaste boje. applied horizontally. Rovinj - Veštar, chance
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. find.
88. Zelena nožica čaše s kuglastim zadebljanjem. 86. Small light blue handle with appliqués in
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. colourless glass. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
89. Zelena kuglasta perla. Rovinj -Veštar, slučajni 87. Greyish gobular knob on the beaker foot. Rovinj
nalaz. - Veštar, chance find..
90. Polovina svjetloplave perle s okomitim urezima. 88. Green foot of a beaker with globular knob. Rovinj
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. - Veštar, chance find.
92. Svjetloplava perla s višebojnim “milefiori” 89. Green globular bead. Rovinj -Veštar, chance find.
umetkom. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 90. Half of light blue bead with vertical notches.
96. Dio tijela posude s blagim rebrima. Rovinj - Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 92. Light blue bead with polychrome „millefiori“
97. Rub svjetlozelene zdjele ili čaše s bijelom niti na insert. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
rubu. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 96. Part of a vessel body with slightly pronounced
100. Crna staklena sirovina s tragovima taljenja. ribs. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz.
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 97. Edge of light green bowl or beaker with a white
102. Rastaljeni komad zelenog stakla. Rovinj - thread on the edge. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 100. Black glass raw material with traces of melting.
108. Dio bezbojne stijenke posude s manjim Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
rebrom. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 102. Molten piece of green glass. Rovinj - Veštar,
110. Stakleni štapić svjetloplave boje. Dužina 40 chance find.
mm, Fi 6 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 108. Fragment of a colourless vessel wall with a small
rib. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
74
111. Staklena cjevčica tamnoplave boje. Dužina 46 110. Light blue glass stick. Length 40 mm, Fi 6 mm.
mm, Fi 5 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
112. Staklena cjevčica tamnosmeđe boje. Dužina 35 111. Dark blue glass tube. Length 46 mm, Fi 5 mm.
mm, Fi 8 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
113. Stakleni štapić svjetlosmeđe boje. Dužina 31 112. Dark brown glass tube. Length 35 mm, Fi 8
mm, Fi 10 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. mm. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find..
114. Stakleni štapić svjetlozelene boje. Dužina 57 113. Light brown glass stick. Length 31 mm, Fi 10
mm, Fi 4 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. mm. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find..
115. Stakleni štapić tamnoplave boje. Dužina 66 114. Light green glass stick. Length 57 mm, Fi 4
mm, Fi 18 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. mm. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
116. Stakleni štapić tamnozelene boje. Dužina 82 115. Dark blue glass stick. Length 66 mm, Fi 18 mm.
mm, Fi 17 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find..
117. Stakleni štapić svjetlozelene boje. Dužina 87 116. Dark green glass stick. Length 82 mm, Fi 17
mm, Fi 4 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. mm. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
118. Svinuti stakleni štapić svjetlozelene boje. 117. Light green glass stick. Length 87 mm, Fi 4
Dužina 25 mm, Fi 4 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, mm. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
slučajni nalaz. 118. Bent light green glass stick. Length 25 mm, Fi 4
119. Svinuti stakleni štapić svjetlozelene boje sa mm. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
zelenim preljevom. Dužina 43 mm, Fi 5 mm. 119. Bent light green glass stick with green coating.
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. Length 43 mm, Fi 5 mm. Rovinj - Veštar,
120. Svinuti stakleni štapić bijele boje. Dužina 32 chance find.
mm, Fi 5 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 120. Bent white glass stick. Length 32 mm, Fi 5 mm.
123. Rastaljeni komadići plavog stakla. Rovinj - Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
Veštar, Sonda B 2, SJ3. 123. Molten pieces of blue glass. Rovinj - Veštar,
124. Staklena cjevčica smeđe boje. Dužina 28 mm, probe B 2, SJ3.
Fi 5 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B 1, SJ3. 124. Brown glass tube. Length 28 mm, Fi 5 mm.
125. Ulomak tijela posude zelene boje. Rovinj - Rovinj - Veštar, probe B 1, SJ3.
Veštar, Sonda B 2, SJ3. 125. Fragment of a body of a green vessel. Rovinj -
126. Ulomak stakla zelene boje. Rovinj - Veštar, Veštar, probe B 2, SJ3.
Sonda B 2, SJ3. 126. Fragment of green glass. Rovinj - Veštar, probe
127. Stakleni štapić zelene boje. Dužina 10 mm, Fi B 2, SJ3.
1,5 mm. Rovinj-Veštar, Sonda B 2, SJ3. 127. Green glass stick. Length 10 mm, Fi 1,5 mm.
128. Stakleni štapić zelene boje. Dužina 12 mm, Fi Rovinj-Veštar, probe B 2, SJ3.
2 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B 2, SJ3. 128. Green glass stick. Length 12 mm, Fi 2 mm.
173. Dno staklene posude s visokom stopom Rovinj - Veštar, probe B 2, SJ3.
svjetloljubičaste boje. Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni 173. Base of a light purple glass vessel with a high
nalaz. ring base. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
187. Gornji dio boce s visokim vratom. Pakoštane 187. Upper part of a bottle with high neck. Pakoštane
- Veli Škoj - Veli Škoj
188. Donji dio pehara. Pakoštane - Veli Škoj 188. Lower part of a goblet. Pakoštane - Veli Škoj
189. Uljanica? Ližnjan - Kuje mandrač 189. Oil lamp? Ližnjan - Kuje mandrač
190. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pirovac - Prosika 190. Lower part of a square bottle. Pirovac - Prosika
191. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim vratom i bijelom 191. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
niti na obodu. Pirovac - Prosika and white thread on the rim. Pirovac - Prosika
75
192. Gornji dio ljevkaste boce. Rovinj - Samer 192. Upper part of a funnel-shaped bottle. Rovinj -
Samer
193. Donji dio uže četverokutne boce. Rovinj -
Lone 193. Lower part of a narrow square bottle. Rovinj -
Lone
194. Manja boca s reljefnim natpisom. Ližnjan -
Uljeva 194. Smaller bottle with a relief inscription. Ližnjan
- Uljeva
195. Srednji dio uže četverokutne boce s pečatom.
Ližnjan - Uljeva 195. Central part of a narrow square bottle with a
stamp. Ližnjan - Uljeva
196. Gornji dio boce s otučenim obodom. Rovinj -
Sv. Katarina 196. Upper part of a bottle with damaged rim. Rovinj
- Sv. Katarina
197. Donji dio uže četverokutne boce. Kožino - Sv.
Bartul 197. Lower part of a narrow square bottle. Kožino -
Sv. Bartul
198. Gornji dio kružne boce. Kožino - Sv. Bartul
198. Upper part of a round bottle. Kožino - Sv. Bartul
199. Dno četverokutne boce. Vrgada - Artina
199. Base of a square bottle. Vrgada - Artina
200. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Duga uvala - Vinjole
200. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Duga uvala -
201. Četverokutna zelena boca s pečatom. Otok
Vinjole
Ošljak
201. Green square bottle with a stamp. Otok Ošljak
202. Zelena boca kružnog presjeka s pečatom.
Ližnjan- Kuje 202. Green bottle with round cross-section and a
stamp. Ližnjan- Kuje
203. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
203. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt
204. Donji dio boce na visokoj nozi. Pula - Rt
Seline.
Seline.
204. Lower part of a bottle on a high foot. Pula - Rt
205. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline.
206. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
205. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt
207. Gornji dio boce s čunjastim grlom. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline.
206. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt
208. Gornji dio zelene boce s ljevkastim grlom. Pula Seline.
- Rt Seline.
207. Upper part of a bottle with skittle-shaped neck.
209. Gornji dio smeđe boce s oblom trakom ispod Pula - Rt Seline.
oboda. Pula - Rt Seline.
208. Upper part of a green bottle with funnel-shaped
210. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. neck. Pula - Rt Seline.
211. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 209. Upper part of a brown bottle with a rounded
212. Gornji dio smeđe boce s oblom trakom ispod band under the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
oboda. Pula - Rt Seline. 210. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt
213. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. Seline.
214. Gornji dio zelene boce s ljevkastim grlom. 211. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt
Pula - Rt Seline. Seline.
215. Gornji dio svjetloljubičaste boce s uskim 212. Upper part of a brown bottle with a rounded
grlom. Pula - Rt Seline. band under the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
216. Gornji dio bezbojne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 213. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt
217. Gornji dio boce sa čunjastim grlom. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline. 214. Upper part of a green bottle with a funnel-
218. Gornji dio bezbojne boce s otučenim obodom. shaped neck. Pula - Rt Seline.
Pula - Rt Seline. 215. Upper part of a light purple bottle with a narrow
neck. Pula - Rt Seline.
76
219. Gornji dio svjetlozelene boce s uskim grlom. 216. Upper part of a colourless bottle. Pula - Rt
Pula - Rt Seline. Seline.
220. Gornji dio grla boce s blago razvraćenim 217. Upper part of a bottle with a skittle-shaped
obodom. Pula - Rt Seline. neck. Pula - Rt Seline.
221. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom 218. Upper part of a colourless bottle with a damaged
niti na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
222. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom 219. Upper part of a light green bottle with a narrow
niti na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. neck. Pula - Rt Seline.
223. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom 220. Upper part of the neck of a bottle with slightly
niti na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. everted rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
224. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim grlom i bijelom 221. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
niti na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
225. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim vratom i bijelom 222. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
niti na obodu. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
226. Gornji dio tamnozelenog demižona sa 223. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
zakošenim obodom. Pula - Rt Seline. and white thread on the rim Pula - Rt Seline.
227. Bezbojna čaša debelih stijenki. Pula - Rt Seline. 224. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
228. Bezbojna čaša debelih stijenki s brušenim
ovalnim ukrasima.Pula - Rt Seline. 225. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
and white thread on the rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
229. Bezbojna čaša sa okomitim naborima. Pula -
Rt Seline. 226. Upper part of a dark green demijohn with a
slanted rim. Pula - Rt Seline.
230. Čunjasta čaša ljubičaste boje. Pula - Rt Seline.
227. Colourless beaker with thick walls. Pula - Rt
231. Čunjasta čaša ljubičaste boje. Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline.
232. Čunjasta čaša sa stopom ljubičaste boje. Pula
228. Colourless beaker with thick walls and polished
- Rt Seline.
oval decorations. Pula - Rt Seline.
233. Čunjasta čaša ljubičaste boje. Pula - Rt Seline.
229. Colourless beaker with vertical folds. Pula - Rt
234. Čunjasta čaša ljubičaste boje. Pula - Rt Seline. Seline.
235. Čunjasta čaša ljubičaste boje. Pula - Rt Seline. 230. Purple skittle-shaped beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
236. Čunjasta čaša sa stopom ljubičaste boje.Pula 231. Purple skittle-shaped beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
- Rt Seline.
232. Skittle-shaped beaker with a purple ring-base.
237. Dio gornjeg dijela bezbojne čaše. Pula - Rt Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline.
233. Purple skittle-shaped beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
238. Donji dio bezbojne čaše. Pula - Rt Seline.
234. Purple skittle-shaped beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
239. Gornji dio male čunjaste čaše. Pula - Rt Seline.
235. Purple skittle-shaped beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
240. Dio kružnog prozorskog stakla. Pula - Rt
236. Skittle-shaped beaker with a purple ring-base.
Seline.
Pula - Rt Seline.
241. Mala bočica s urezanim prikazom biljke. Pula
237. Fragment of the upper part of a colourless
- Rt Seline.
beaker. Pula - Rt Seline.
242. Donji dio pehara. Pula - Rt Seline.
238. Lower part of a colourless beaker. Pula - Rt
243. Gornji izduženi dio fenjera. dio Pula - Rt Seline.
Seline.
239. Upper part of a small skittle-shaped beaker. Pula
244. Gornji izduženi dio fenjera. Pula - Rt Seline. - Rt Seline.
245. Gornji izduženi dio fenjera. Pula - Rt Seline. 240. Fragment of a round window pane. Pula - Rt
Seline.
77
246. Gornji izduženi dio fenjera. Pula - Rt Seline. 241. Small bottle with an incised plant depiction.
247. Donji dio pehara. Pula - Rt Seline. Pula - Rt Seline.
248. Donji dio zdjelice s kapljičastim reljefom. Pula 242. Lower part of a goblet. Pula - Rt Seline.
- Rt Seline. 243. Upper elongated part of the lantern. Pula - Rt
249. Bezbojni ulomak stakla. Pula - Rt Seline. Seline.
250. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 244. Upper elongated part of the lantern. Pula - Rt
Seline.
251. Srednji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline.
245. Upper elongated part of the lantern.. Pula - Rt
252. Srednji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. Seline.
253. Donji dio kružne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 246. Upper elongated part of the lantern.. Pula - Rt
254. Donji dio kružne boce s jako uvučenim dnom. Seline.
Pula - Rt Seline. 247. Lower part of a goblet. Pula - Rt Seline.
255. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 248. Lower part of a small bowl with drop-shaped
256. Srednji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. relief. Pula - Rt Seline.
257. Gornji dio zelenkaste boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 249. Colourless glass fragment. Pula - Rt Seline.
258. Donji dio kružne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 250. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
259. Dio tijela boce s natpisom. Pula - Rt Seline. 251. Central part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
260. Srednji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 252. Central part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
261. Donji dio šesterokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 253. Lower part of a round bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
262. Donji dio četverokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. 254. Lower part of a round bottle with distinctly
263. Donji dio šesterokutne boce. Pula - Rt Seline. concave base. Pula - Rt Seline.
264. Gornji dio boce s ljevkastim vratom i bijelom 255. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
niti na obodu. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 256. Central part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
265. Ulomak bezbojnog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 257. Upper part of a greenish bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
266. Ulomak zelenkastog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva 258. Lower part of a round bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
C. 259. Fragment of the body of a bottle with an
267. Ulomak svijetlo ljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - inscription. Pula - Rt Seline.
Uljeva C. 260. Central part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
268. Ulomak tamno zelenog stakla. Ližnjan - 261. Lower part of a hexagonal bottle. Pula - Rt
Uljeva C. Seline.
269. Ulomak zelenkastog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva 262. Lower part of a square bottle. Pula - Rt Seline.
C.
263. Lower part of a hexagonal bottle. Pula - Rt
270. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - Seline.
Uljeva C.
264. Upper part of a bottle with funnel-shaped neck
271. Ulomak zelenkastog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva and white thread on the rim. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
C.
265. Fragment of colourless glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
272. Ulomak svijetlo ljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan -
Uljeva C. 266. Fragment of greenish glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
273. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - 267. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
Uljeva C. C.
274. Ulomak zelenog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 268. Fragment of dark green glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
C.
275. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan -
Uljeva C. 269. Fragment of greenish glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
270. Fragment of light purple glass Ližnjan - Uljeva
78
276. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - C.
Uljeva C. 271. Fragment of greenish glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
277. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - 272. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
Uljeva C. C.
278. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - 273. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
Uljeva C. C.
279. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - 274. Fragment of green glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
Uljeva C.
275. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
280. Ulomak zelenkastog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
C.
276. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
281. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - C.
Uljeva C.
277. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
282. Ulomak stakla tamnoplave boje. Ližnjan - C.
Uljeva C.
278. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
283. Ulomak svjetloljubičastog stakla. Ližnjan - C.
Uljeva C.
279. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
284. Donji dio četvrtaste zelene boce. Mali Iž - C.
Vodenjak.
280. Fragment of greenish glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
285. Dno bezbojne staklene posude. Rovinj - Veštar,
281. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
Rov F, SJ 1, 22.5.2013.
C.
286. Bezbojni stakleni ulomak. Rovinj - Veštar, Rov
282. Fragment of dark blue glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
F, SJ 1, 22.5.2013.
283. Fragment of light purple glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva
287. Svinuti stakleni štapić svijetle plavosive boje.
C.
Dužina 29 mm Fi 4 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Rov
F, SJ 1, 22.5.2013. 284. Lower part of a square green bottle. Mali Iž -
Vodenjak.
288. Donji dio čunjaste čaše svjetloljubičaste boje.
Rovinj - Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 285. Base of a colourless glass vessel. Rovinj - Veštar,
Rov F, SJ 1, 22.5.2013.
289. Gornji dio smeđe zelene boce. Biograd -
Galešnjak jug. 286. Colourless glass fragment. Rovinj - Veštar, Rov
F, SJ 1, 22.5.2013.
290. Ulomak zelenkastog stakla s tragovima pozlate.
Rovinj - Veštar, Rov E, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 287. Bent light blue-gray glass stick. Length 29 mm
Fi 4 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Rov F, SJ 1, 22.5.2013.
291. Ulomak bezbojnog stakla. Rovinj - Veštar,
Sonda Rov E, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 288. Lower part of a light purple skittle-shaped
beaker Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
292. Crna staklena sirovina s tragovima taljenja.
Rovinj - Veštar, Rov F, SJ 1. 21.5.2013. 289. Upper part of a brown-green bottle. Biograd -
Galešnjak jug.
293. Ulomak zelenog stakla. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda
D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 290. Fragment of greenish glass with traces of gilding.
Rovinj - Veštar, Rov E, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
294. Ulomak bezbojnog stakla. Rovinj - Veštar,
Sonda D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 291. Fragment of colourless glass. Rovinj - Veštar,
probe Rov E, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
295. Ulomak maslinastozelenog stakla. Rovinj -
Veštar, Sonda D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 292. Black glass raw material with traces of melting.
Rovinj - Veštar, Rov F, SJ 1. 21.5.2013.
296. Ulomak zelenkastog stakla. Rovinj - Veštar,
Sonda D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 293. Fragment of green glass. Rovinj - Veštar, probe
D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
297. Ulomak blijedo smećkastog stakla. Rovinj -
Veštar, Sonda D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 294. Fragment of colourless glass. Rovinj - Veštar,
probe D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
79
298. Ulomak blijedo smećkastog stakla. Rovinj - 295. Fragment of olive-green glass. Rovinj - Veštar,
Veštar, Sonda D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013. probe D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
299. Svjetlozeleni ulomak stijenke stakla s dvama 296. Fragment of greenish glass. Rovinj - Veštar,
nižim ispupčenjima. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda D, probe D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
SJ 1, 23.5.2013. 297. Fragment of light brownish glass. Rovinj -
300. Zelena perla s vodoravnim crtama. Rovinj - Veštar, probe D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
Veštar, slučajni nalaz. 298. Fragment of light brownish glass. Rovinj -
301. Svjetloplava perla. 4 x 2 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Veštar, probe D, SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
slučajni nalaz na obali kod mola 3. 299. Light green fragment of a glass wall with two
302. Polovina svjetloljubičaste čaše s razvraćenim i lower embossments. Rovinj - Veštar, probe D,
valovitim stijenkama. Sukošan. SJ 1, 23.5.2013.
303. Polovina pečatnog grba maslinastozelene boce 300. Green bead with horizontal lines. Rovinj -
s natpisom [RO]MANO [Z]ARA [VLA] Veštar, chance find.
HOV. Ugljan - Sutomiščica. 301. Light blue bead. 4 x 2 mm. Rovinj - Veštar,
304. Dio tamnozelene globularne posude. Rovinj - chance find on the coast next to quay 3.
Soline. 302. Half of light purple beaker with everted and
305. Dio tijela svjetloljubičaste boce. Ližnjan - wavy walls. Sukošan.
Uljeva C. 303. Half stamp-coat of arms on an olive-green
306. Dio dna tamnozelene boce. Ližnjan - Uljeva bottle with an inscription [RO]MANO [Z]
C. ARA [VLA]HOV. Ugljan - Sutomiščica.
307. Dio tamnozelene boce. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 304. Part of a dark green globular vessel. Rovinj -
308. Zeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. Soline.
309. Zeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 305. Part of the body of a light purple bottle. Ližnjan
- Uljeva C.
310. Svjetloljubičasti stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan -
Uljeva C. 306. Part of the base of a dark green bottle. Ližnjan
- Uljeva C.
311. Svjetloljubičasti stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan -
Uljeva C. 307. Part of a dark green bottle. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
312. Svjetloljubičasti stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - 308. Green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
Uljeva C. 309. Green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
313. Svjetloljubičasti stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - 310. Light purple glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
Uljeva C. 311. Light purple glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
314. Svjetloljubičasti stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - 312. Light purple glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
Uljeva C.
313. Light purple glass fragment.. Ližnjan - Uljeva
315. Zeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. C.
316. Dio tijela četverokutne boce. Ližnjan - Uljeva 314. Light purple glass fragment.. Ližnjan - Uljeva
C. C.
317. Svjetloljubičasti stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - 315. Green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
Uljeva C.
316. Part of the body of a square bottle. Ližnjan -
318. Svjetloljubičasti stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
Uljeva C.
317. Light purple glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
319. Ulomak bezbojnog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
318. Light purple glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
320. Gornji dio tamnozelene boce. Ližnjan - Uljeva
319. Fragment of colourless glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
C.
320. Upper part of a dark green bottle. Ližnjan -
321. Dio vrata tamnozelene boce. Ližnjan - Uljeva
Uljeva C.
C.
80
322. Zeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 321. Part of the neck of a dark green bottle. Ližnjan
- Uljeva C.
323. Zeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
322. Green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
324. Obod staklene bezbojne čaše s bijelim rubom.
Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 323. Green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
325. Svjetlozeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva 324. Rim of a colourless glass beaker with white edge.
C. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
326. Dno svjetloljubičaste boce. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 325. Light green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
327. Zeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 326. Base of a light purple bottle. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
328. Ulomak bezbojnog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 327. Green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
329. Zeleni stakleni ulomak. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. 328. Fragment of colourless glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
330. Zeleni stakleni ulomak dna boce. Ližnjan - 329. Green glass fragment. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
Uljeva C. 330. Green glass fragment of a bottle base. Ližnjan
331. Ulomak bezbojnog stakla. Ližnjan - Uljeva C. - Uljeva C.
332. Grlo zelene boce. Ugljan - Sv. Petar. 331. Fragment of colourless glass. Ližnjan - Uljeva C.
333. Razne perle. Koločepski kanal - Drevine. 332. Upper part of a dark green bottle. Ugljan - Sv.
Petar.
334. Ulomak stakla. Sestrunj - Metla.
333. Various beads. Koločepski kanal - Drevine.
335. Ulomak stakla s apliciranom bradavicom.
Pakoštane - Janice. 334. Glass fragment. Sestrunj - Metla.
1351. Staklena zgura smeđe i žućkaste boje. Rovinj 335. Glass fragment with applied nipple. Pakoštane
- Veštar, slučajni nalaz. - Janice.
1352. Obod staklene čaše modre boje s blago 1351. Brown and yellowish glass slag. Rovinj - Veštar,
izraženim okomitim rebrima. Rovinj - Veštar, chance find.
Sonda B, SJ 3 1352. Rim of a dark blue glass beaker with slightly
1353. Tamnozelena staklena cjevčica. Fi 4 mm, pronounced vertical ribs. Rovinj - Veštar, probe
dužina 13 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B, SJ 3 B, SJ 3
1354. Zelena staklena cjevčica. Fi 2 mm, dužina 22 1353. Dark green glass tube. Fi 4 mm, length 13 mm.
mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B, SJ 3 Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 3
1355. Svjetložuta staklena cjevčica. Fi 4 mm, dužina 1354. Green glass tube. Fi 2 mm, length 22 mm.
37 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B, SJ 3 Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 3
1356. Ulomak tamnozelene staklene posude, boce? 1355. Light yellow glass tube. Fi 4 mm, length 37
Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B, SJ 3 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 3
1363. Obod čaše vrlo tankih stijenki svijetlosmeđe 1356. Fragment of a dark green glass vessel, bottle?
boje. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B, SJ 6, Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 3
1364. Svjetlozelena staklena cjevčica. Fi 6 mm, 1363. Rim of a beaker with very thin light brown
dužina 42 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B, SJ 6 walls. Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 6,
1365. Tamnozelena rastopljena staklena cjevčica. Fi 1364. Light green glass tube. Fi 6 mm, length 42 mm.
5 mm, dužina 14 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 6
B, SJ 6 1365. Dark green melted glass tube. Fi 5 mm, length
1366. Zelena staklena cjevčica. Fi 4 mm, dužina 38 14 mm. Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 6
mm. Rovinj - Veštar, Sonda B, SJ 6 1366. Green glass tube. Fi 4 mm, length 38 mm.
Rovinj - Veštar, probe B, SJ 6
81
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