- W świetle ostatnich/ najnowszych badań – In the light of recent studies

- Przejdźmy do kolejnego przykładu – Let me turn to the next example

- Należy podkreślić wagę… - It must be emphasised the importance
- Kluczowym czynnikiem determinującym rozwój dziecka… - The key factor determining child
development
- Niniejszy rozdział poświęcony jest zjawisku...- This chapter is devoted to the phenomenon
- Johnson (2000) podaje zupełnie inną definicję metafory. - Johnson (2000) introduces a completely
different definition of a metaphor.
- Przyjrzyjmy się temu problemowi z perspektywy psycholingwistycznej. - Let us look into the
problem from a psycholinguistic perspective.
- Język można traktować jako integralny element kultury. - Language can be treated as an integral
part of culture.
- Niektórzy badacze twierdzą, że dzieci nabywają swój pierwszy język poprzez powtarzanie
zasłyszanych wypowiedzi. - Some researchers claim that children acquire their first language by
repeating overheard statements.
- Według Chomsky’ego, amerykańskiego językoznawcy, język to… - According to Chomsky, an
American linguist, language is...
- W kolejnych sekcjach/częściach niniejszej pracy zostaną omówione pojęcia… - In the following
sections/ parts of this thesis, the terms such as ... will be discussed.
- Jak wcześniej wspomniano, język mógł wyewoluować z gestów. - As previously mentioned,
language may have evolved from gestures.
- Niektórzy badacze twierdzą, że istnieją obszary mózgu odpowiedzialne zarówno za język, jak i
sprawności motoryczne człowieka. - Some researchers claim that there are areas of the brain that
are responsible for both language and human motor skills.

1. The languages of the world present us with a vast array of structural similarities and differences.
- A huge pattern of structural similarities and differences are provided by the tongues of the world.
2. For many disabled people unable to make use of normal modes of communication, alternative
systems have been devised. - For many people with disabilities who cannot use public
transportation, substitute arrangements have been found.
3. Braille is a system designed to facilitate the use of written language by blind people. - People
who are unable to see can use Braille which was designed to help to utilize written language.
4. For over 200 years, scholars have shown an interest in the way children learn to speak and
understand their first language. - For over 200 years, scientists have expressed an interest in the
manner how kids learn to talk and comprehend their mother tongue.
5. The technique remains controversial. - The method stays contentious.
6. In their studies, E. Sapir and B. L. Whorf put special emphasis on the interaction between
language and culture. - In their analysis, E.Sapir and B.L. Whorf concentrate on the cooperation
between language and culture.
7. The grammar of a language is the description of the ways in which words can change their forms
and can be combined into sentences in that language.- The grammar of a language is the rules of
the methods in which morphemes can transform their character and can be connected into phrases
in that language.
8. Students who are highly motivated and enthusiastic do not generally exhibit problem behaviour.-
Learners who are extremely inspired and excited do not mostly show difficult conduct.
9. It is vital to act immediately when there is a problem since the longer a type of behaviour is left
unchecked, the more difficult it is to deal with.- It is essential to take immediate action when there is
an issue since the longer a pattern of conduct is left unattended, it is harder to cope with.
10. The most versatile piece of teaching equipment is the board. - The board is a teaching tool
which is the most adaptable piece.