English 1

Unit 2

People and things

Professor: Juan Carlos Ochoa E.

 Achievement
At the end of the unit, the student uses plural
endings and irregular plurals, demonstrative
pronouns and affirmative and negative forms of
the verb to be in sentences related to people,
places, and objects.

Importance

This unit is important because you will learn to

construct sentences in English, more elaborate
that allow you to give different uses of plural
nouns, mention objects around and answers
questions using verb to be.
General Content

• This isn’t my bag

• Are you a student?

• Vocabulary plus

• Language in action
This isn’t my bag
• Common objects
• Plural nouns
• Verb to be (Negative form)
 Vocabulary
Common objects
 Common objects

bag book
 Common objects

dictionary brush
 Common objects

ID card key
 Common objects

map mp3 player

 Common objects

pen umbrella
Singular and
Plural Nouns
Regular Plural
Nouns
 Rule
Add –s to make most
nouns plural.
 Examples

SINGULAR PLURAL

Girl Girls

Teacher Teachers

Camera Cameras

Book Books
 Rule
Add –es to nouns ending
in s, sh, ch,x and o.
 Examples

SINGULAR PLURAL

Bus Buses

Bush Bushes

Beach Beaches

Fox Foxes

Tomato Tomatoes
 Rule
When a noun ends with a
consonant + y, change y
to i and add –es.
 Examples

SINGULAR PLURAL

Puppy Puppies

Kitty Kitties

Story Stories

Dictionary Dictionaries

Family Families
 Past simple: regular

Spelling rules Examples

Add –s to make most nouns plural. paper  papers
kid  kids
teacher  teachers
Add –es to nouns ending in: beach  beaches
s, ch, sh , x and o. kiss  kisses
box  boxes
When a noun ends with a consonant and baby  babies
y, change y to i and add –es. lady  ladies
Family  families
Irregular Plural Nouns
 Singular and Plural Nouns - Irregular

a man men a foot feet

a woman women a mouse mice

 Singular and Plural Nouns - Irregular

a tooth teeth a leaf leaves

a child children a goose geese

 Let’s Practice:
“BOOK” Page 12
(Activities: 1 ,2 , 3 ,and 4)
The Verb
“to be”
 Negative form

SUBJECT BE
I am not

You are not

We are not

They are not

He is not

She is not

It is not
 Past simple: regular

Negative
Long form Short form
I am not I’m not
You are not You aren’t
He is not He isn’t
She is not She isn’t
It is not It isn’t
We are not We aren’t
They are not They aren’t
Let’s practice:
Complete with the Verb Be (Negative):

1. I _____________ from Brazil.

2. You _____________a teacher.

3. It _______________ a dog.

4. The university __________ very big

Let’s Practice:
“BOOK” Page 13
(Activities: 6 ,8 ,and 9)
Are you a student?
• Demonstrative Pronouns
• Colors
• Adjectives
• Imperatives
• Verb to be (Interrogative form)
 Colors

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/uEhQpu

 This - That
These - Those
THIS – use this for
something that is NEAR
(singular)
THAT – use that for
something that is
FAR/DISTANT (singular)
THESE – use these for
something that is NEAR
(plural)
THOSE – use those for
something that is FAR
(plural)
 This – These / That - Those

This - These That - Those

This is
(near) (far)
a cat.
That is a cat.

These
(near) are cats. (far)
Those are cats.
 This – These / That - Those

Singular Plural
What’s this ? What are these?
This is a cat. These are cats.
It is a cat.
They are cats.

What’s that?
What are those?
That’s a cat.
Those are cats.
It is a cat.
They are cats.
 Describe
The Pictures
Gaston is an excellent chef.
Paolo is a good soccer player.
She is a beautiful woman.
Ceviche is a delicious food.
 It is a horrible picture.
Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/PH9wHh
 Match

BEAUTIFUL HORRIBLE DELICIOUS INTELLIGENT

Adjectives
 Opinion Adjectives

Interesting Fantastic Beautiful

Good Ok Excellent

Brilliant Horrible Terrible

Bad
 Opinion Adjectives

Adjectives to describe a person, or a thing

• an interesting book

• a fantastic car

• a beautiful woman

• a horrible bag
 Adjectives + Noun

 a big building  bigs elephants

 a building big  big elephants

 Structure

Verb to
Subject a / an adj. noun
be

Example:

1. Peru is an interesting country. Make 2. She is a beautiful woman.

Opinions
Opposites
 Adjectives – Opposites

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/FGXE7u

 Adjectives – Opposites

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/FGXE7u

Let’s practice:
 What is
the It is big.
____________
opposite
of small?

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/PLU5E6

 What is the
opposite of It is ugly.
____________
beautiful?

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/cufY2E

 What is the
opposite of It is old.
____________
new?

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/f76VZa

What is the
opposite of It is tall.
__________
short?
 What is the It is
____________
opposite of
cheap?
expensive
____________.

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/VxCjNd

Let’s practice:
“BOOK” Page 14
(Activities: 2 ,3 and 4)
The verb
“to be”
The verb «to be»

Interrogative form
Am I?
Are you?
Is he?
Is she?
Is it?
Are we?
Are they?
 The verb «to be»
Form of
Subject Complement
TO BE

Am I in Florida?

she at school?
Is he our new classmate?
it a German Shepherd?

you Robert?
Are we here to celebrate?
they far from your house?
1. Are you Peruvian?

Yes,I am. No,I am not.

2. Is she American?

Yes,she is. No,she isn’t.

3. Is it Japanese?

Yes,it is. No,it isn’t.

 The Verb «To be»

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/wKPAC9

 Let’s
practice:
Complete with the Verb Be (Interrogative):

1. _____________ you from Brazil?

2. _____________ she a teacher?

3. ______________it a dog?

4. _____________ I your friend?

Let’s practice:
“BOOK” Page 15
(Activities: 7 and 8)
 The
Imperative
 The Imperative

Don’t sit Don’t eat

 The Imperative

Don’t use cellphone Don’t smoke

 The Imperative

Come Please
Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/qRmXcq Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/qK14Bp
 The Imperative

Sit down Stand up

 Imperative

Affirmative Negative
Come Don´t do
Please Don´t sit
Stand up Don´t go
Turn Don´t eat
 Let’s
Practice:
“BOOK” Page 15
(Activitiy: 9)
Vocabulary Plus
• Jobs
 Jobs
(1)

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/46FrD6

 Jobs

doctor Factory worker

 Jobs

engineer Barista
 Jobs

nurse receptionist
 Jobs

unemployed Office worker

Imagen extraída de: https://goo.gl/6nfVXc
 Let’s
Practice:
What ‘s her She is a
job? nurse
_________.
What ‘s his He is an
job? engineer
_________.
What ‘s his He is a
job? doctor
_________.
What ‘s her She is a
job? barista
_________.
Let’s Practice:
“BOOK” Page 16
(Activities: 1 , 2 and 5)
Language in Action
• Social expressions
 Social
Expression
 Social Expressions

That’s a nice idea

Here’s your coffee

Come for a coffee
Have a good weekend
Oh , not bad, thanks.
I’m sorry
Don’t worry
 Speaking Activity
A: Hello Carlos!
B: Hi Roberto! How are you?
A: I’m fine. Thanks. And you?
B: I ‘m ok. Is this your book?
A: No, it isn’t my book.
C: Hey,that’s my English book!
A: Hi Pedro! Are you an English student, too?
C: Yes, I am. English is an incredible language!
B: And, what is your job?
C: Well, I am a receptionist in a hotel. So English language is necessary at work. What about you?
B: I am a barista. I love my job!
C: What is your job, Roberto?
A: I am an engineer. Look, this is my ID card.
B: Are those your keys?
A: Yes, they are. Those are my car keys.
Let’s Practice:
“BOOK” Page 17
(Activities: 1 and 4)
Let’s Practice
Review:
“BOOK” Page 18 and 19
(All activities)
Conclusions

The topics presented in this unit are about the

vocabulary the demonstrative pronouns and
common objects in order to mention objects
around. Also we have checked the verb to be
(negative and interrogative form) to answer and
exchange personal information.
Thank you
Docente: Juan Carlos Ochoa E.