TYPES

OF
AIR TRANSPORT
 Aviation is the core component of
tourism and there are different types of air
transport within the aviation industry.
Whilst most of us immediately think of
commercial aircraft (the ones that we fly on
when we go on holiday), there is actually
much more to the air transport industry.
There are many different types of air
transport. They provide different uses,
whether that be for cargo transportation or
tourism, and operate in different ways due
to how to built and the ways in which they
are made to fly.
1. AEROPLANES
Also known as aircraft, airplanes or simply planes, an
aeroplane is a powered, fixed-wing aircraft. Using a jet engine,
propellers or a rocket engine, an aeroplane flies through the air
and is one of the most popular types of air transport. Planes
come in a huge variety of shapes and sizes with different wing
configurations, and are used in many ways.
They are used to transport people and goods, for
research, within the military, simply for recreation and more.
Planes are flown by an on-board pilot or a group of pilots, with
the help of automated technologies.
The first plane was invented and flown by the Wright
brothers in 1903. Aeroplane technology was used in a limited
way during World War I, and it continued to develop from then
on. It is ever-evolving and planes make up a huge portion of all
types of air transport
vehicles.
Current airliners making planes include:
➢ Airbus (France/Germany/Spain/United Kingdom)
➢ Antonov (Ukraine)
➢ ATR Aircraft (France/Italy)
➢ Boeing (United States)
➢ Bombardier Aerospace (Canada)
➢ Comac (China)
➢ Embraer (Brazil)
➢ Let Kunovice (Czech Republic)
➢ Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation (Japan)
➢ United Aircraft Corporation (Russia)
➢ Xi’an Aircraft Industrial Corporation (China)
2. Helicopters
A helicopter is a rotorcraft – lift and thrust actions are
supplied by horizontally spinning rotors which allow the
helicopter to take off and vertically, hover, and fly forward,
backward and laterally. The first operational helicopter was
made in 1936.
Helicopters can be used in congested areas where a fixed-
wing aircraft (a plane) wouldn’t work so well. Helicopters are
used by search and rescue groups as well as law enforcement
and news & media companies. This is because they can hover in
one area for an extended period of time which is great if you are
looking for something in particular or filming. They are also used
by firefighters for this reason. Other helicopters uses include
medical transport, tourism and small cargo transportation.
3. Hot air ballloons
Primarily used for tourism, hot air was the first ever
successful human-carrying types of air transport. Back in 1783
in Paris, the first untethered, manned hot air balloon flight was
performed by Jean-Francois Pilatre de Rozier and Francois
Laurent d’Arlandes. The hot air balloon they used was created by
the Montgolfier brothers.
A hot air balloon is lighter-than-air, and consists of a bag
(known as an envelope) containing heated air. A wicked basket
or ‘gondola’ is suspended beneath it, which carries both the
passengers and the source of heat. This is actually an opened
flame made by burning liquid propane. Because the hot air is
inside the balloon has a lower density than the colder outside air,
it becomes buoyant and able to fly. Modern hot air balloons are
now made in variety od shapes such as rockets, bees and more.
4. Blimps
A blimp is a non-rigid airship. This is dirigible or barrage
balloon with no internal framework or keel. Blimps rely on the
pressure of the lifting gas (helium, usually) inside the envelope
as well as the strength of the envelope itself. There is a solid
passenger car as well as tail fins. These are the only solid parts of
a blimp.
these types of air transport need to be overpressured in
order to fly, and they have propellers too. Throughout history,
blimps were used by the US Navy. Other military forces have
used them too, and blimps are often used in advertising as they
can ‘float’ above an arena or field to showcase brand’s logo and
draw attention.
5. Gliders
A glider is another form of fixed-wing aircraft. However,
its free flight doesn't rely on an engine — so most do not have
one. Motor gliders do have small engines for extending their
flight, but most rely on the dynamic reaction of the air against
the lifting surfaces.
There are many different types of gliders. They differ in
the construction of their wings, where the pilot sits, the types of
controls and their aerodynamic efficiency. Gliders are primarily
used for sports: gliding, paragliding and hang gliding
 AIRLINE INDUSTRY
The airline industry encompasses a
wide range of businesses, called airlines,
which offer air transport services for paying
customers or business partners. These air
transport services are provided for both
human travelers and cargo.
Airlines may offer scheduled and/or
chartered services and the airline industry
forms a key part of the wider travel industry,
providing customers with the ability to
purchase seats on flights and travel to
different parts of the world. The airline
industry offers a variety of career paths,
including pilots, flight attendants and
ground crew.
 Airline Industry and Aviation Industry?
The terms “airline industry” and 'aviation
industry' are sometimes thought of as being
synonymous, but in reality, they have different
meanings. As stated, the airline industry refers to
companies that offer air transport services to paying
customers, whereas the aviation industry includes all
aviation-related businesses.
The airline industry can be classed as just one
sector of the wider aviation industry. In addition to this
sector, aviation companies would also include
businesses like aircraft manufacturers, companies
offering non-commercial flights, aerospace companies,
regulation authorities and those involved with research.
Types of Airlines
Airlines are often grouped into different categories
and precise definitions can vary in different parts of the
world. However, broadly speaking, airlines can be separated
into three main types, which are as follows:
1. International Airlines
International airlines are a group of the largest, most
high-profile and most successful airlines. They make
billions in revenue each year and operate large passenger
jets. These airlines also tend to focus their efforts on
offering global services, carrying passengers and cargo over
large distances.
Additionally, international airlines usually employ
tens of thousands of people, often have multiple hubs and
will provide access to hundreds of destinations. Examples
would include Delta Air Lines and American Airlines.
2. National Airlines
National airlines represent the next step down
from the largest international airlines. They will typically
offer both medium-sized and large-sized jets and will
often focus on offering services to areas within their home
country, but many will offer access to international
destinations too.
A national airline is still likely to employ thousands
of people, but will have a smaller fleet size. In many cases,
the destinations they offer flights to are influenced by
seasonal fluctuations in demand. Examples of national
airlines include Aloha, Atlas Air, AirTran, Emery
Worldwide, Evergreen, Hawaiian and Midwest Express.
3. Regional Airlines
Regional airlines are the smallest of the three main
types and focus on offering services within specific regions. In
many cases, they provide passenger services to parts of the
world with lower levels of demand and where services are not
offered by either national or international airlines.
Regionals are divided into three subgroups:
➢ Large regionals - These are scheduled carriers with $20-
million to $100-million in annual revenue. They operate
aircraft that can accommodate more than 60 passengers.
➢ Medium regionals - These airlines operate on a smaller
scale, with operating revenues of under $20-million, and often
use only small aircraft.
➢ Small regionals - These airlines don't have a set revenue
definition, but are usually referred to as "commuter airlines."
They use small aircraft with less than 61 seats.
 Thank You
&
God bless us all