Concept

s:

Av
erages:

Theter
m‘ Average’r
efer
stothesum ofal
lobservat
ionsdiv
idedbythetotal
numberof
obser
vati
ons.Av er
ageisusedqui
teregul
arinourdaytodaylif
e.Forexampletocal
cul
atet
he
aver
agemar ksofthestudent
s,av
erageheightofaparti
cul
argroup,et
c.Theter
m aver
agei
s
al
sorefer
redtoas‘ Mean’
.

Basi
cfor
mul
atocal
cul
atet
heav
eragei
sasf
oll
ows:

Av
erage=sum ofal
lobser
vat
ion/t
otal
numberofobser
vat
ion.

I
mpor
tantPoi
nts:

 Whenaper
sonr
epl
acesanot
herper
sont
hen:

I
ftheav
eragei
sincr
eased,
then

Ageofnewper
son=Ageofper
sonwhol
eft+(
Incr
easei
nav
erage*t
otal
numberofper
sons)

I
ftheav
eragei
sdecr
eased,
then

Ageofnewper
son=Ageofper
sonwhol
eft-(
Decr
easei
nav
erage*t
otal
numberofper
sons)

 Whenaper
sonj
oinst
hegr
oup:

I
ncaseofani
ncr
easei
nav
erage,

Ageofnewmember
=Pr
evi
ousav
erage+(
Incr
easei
nav
erage*Numberofmember
sincl
udi
ng
newmember)

I
ncaseofdecr
easei
nav
erage,

Ageofnewmember
=Pr
evi
ousav
erage-(
Decr
easei
nav
erage*Numberofmember
sincl
udi
ng
newmember)

 I
ntheAr
it
hmet
icPr
ogr
essi
ont
her
ear
etwocases:

Whent
henumberoft
ermsi
sodd-t
heav
eragewi
l
lbet
hemi
ddl
eter
m.

Whennumberoft
ermsi
sev
en-t
heav
eragewi
l
lbet
heav
erageoft
womi
ddl
eter
ms.

Av
erageSpeed:

Ifaper
sontr
avel
ssomedist
anceataspeedofxkm/hrandthesamedi st
anceataspeedofy
km/hr,
thent
heaver
agespeeddur
ingt
hewholejour
neywil
lbecalcul
atedbyusi
ngtheformul
a

2xy
/(x+y
)
Ifaper
soncov
ersPkm atxkm/hrandQkm atykm/hrandRkm atzkm/
hr,
thent
heav
erage
speedi
ncover
ingt
hewholedi
stancei
s(P+Q+R)
/(P/
x+Q/y+R/
z).

Poi
ntst
oremember
:

1)Theaver
ageofnquantiti
esoft
hesameki
ndi
sequal
tot
hesum ofal
lthequant
it
iesdi
vi
ded
bythenumberofquant
it
ies;

Av
erage=sum ofquant
it
ies/numberofquant
it
ies.

Sum ofquant
it
ies=Av
erage∗Numberofquant
it
ies

Numberofquant
it
ies=sum ofquant
it
ies/av
erages.

2)Av
erageoft
woormor
ethant
wogr
oups;

I
fthenumberofquanti
ti
esi
ntwogroupsaren1andn2respect
ivel
yandt
hei
rindi
vi
dual
aver
age
i
sXandYr espect
ivel
y,t
hecombi
nedaverageoft
hetwogroupsisgiv
enby;

=n1x-
n2y
/n1-
n2

3)Ift
heaver
ageofn1quant
it
iesisXandtheaver
ageofn2quant
it
iesoutofn1quant
it
iesi
sY,
theaver
ageoft
heremai
ningquanti
ti
esi
sgivenby;

=n1x-
n2y
/n1-
n2

4)Theaver
ageofnquanti
ti
esisequal
toX.Onequanti
tyofv
aluePi
srepl
acedwit
hanew
quant
it
yhavingv
alueQtheaver
ageofquant
it
iesbecomesY.ThenQi
sgivenby
;

Q=P+n(
Y-X)

5)Theaver
ageofnquant
it
iesi
sequalt
oX.I
fwer
emov
eonequant
it
ytheav
eragebecomesY,
theval
ueofther
emovedquant
it
yisgi
venby
;

=n(
X-Y)+Y

And,i
ftheav
erageofnquant
it
iesi
sequal
toXandonaddi
nganewquant
it
ytheav
erage
becomesY,t
hev al
ueofnewquant
it
yisgi
venby
;

=n(Y-X)+Y