Bastismo, Ilen

Bsed Science-3

Define the following terms

1. Anatomy- study of the structure and relationship between body parts. Anatomy is the branch of
biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of
natural science which deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having its
beginnings in prehistoric times.

2. Cellular anatomy - It includes features from all cell types. A cell consists of three parts: the cell
membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate
arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called
organelles.

3. Cytology - study of cells as fundamental units of living things. The earliest phase of cytology began
with the English scientist Robert Hooke's
Cytology is the exam of a single cell type, as often found in fluid specimens. It's mainly used to diagnose
or screen for cancer. It's also used to screen for fetal abnormalities, for pap smears, to diagnose infectious
organisms, and in other screening and diagnostic areas.
 
4 Developmental anatomy (embryology).-
developmental anatomy the field of EMBRYOLOGY concerned with the changes that cells, tissues, organs, 
and the body as a whole undergo from a germ cell of each parent to the resulting offspring; it includes bot
h prenatal and postnatal development.is the basis for understanding the intimate relation between
structures in different organ systems, such as the nervous system and muscle, and is primordial for
understanding disorders of development that in the human may present as one of the congenital
myopathies.

5.  Gross anatomy- the study of anatomy at the visible or macroscopic level. ... The study of gross
anatomy can be performed on deceased organisms using dissection or on living organisms using medical
imaging. Education in the gross anatomy of humans is included training of most health professionals.
(macroscopic anatomy) that dealing with structures visible with the unaided eye.

6.  Histological anatomy- Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is

the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the
microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.

7.  Histology-Histology is the study of the microanatomy of cells, tissues, and organs as seen through a
microscope. It examines the correlation between structure and function.Histology, also known as
microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy
of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger
structures visible without a microscope.

8.  Microscopic anatomy-Microscopic anatomy (micro; small) is a branch of anatomy that relies on the
use of microscopes to examine the smallest structures of the body; tissues, cells, and molecules. The
extent to which microscopic anatomy can be examined is limited by the equipment available.

9.  Regional anatomy-

regional anatomy - the study of anatomy based on regions or divisions of the body and emphasizing the re
lations between various structures (muscles and nerves and arteries etc.) in that region

10.  Systemic anatomy-systemic anatomy is the study of the structures that make up a discrete body
system—that is, a group of structures that work together to perform a unique body function. For example,
a systemic anatomical study of the muscular system would consider all of the skeletal muscles of the
body.-

11.  Surface anatomy-Surface anatomy is the study of the external features of the body of an animal. In
birds this is termed topography. Surface anatomy deals with anatomical features that can be studied by
sight, without dissection. As such, it is a branch of gross anatomy, along with endoscopic and radiological
anatomy.

12.  Physiology-  is the study of the function of body parts and the body as a whole.

13.  Cell physiology-Cell physiology is the biological study of the activities that take place in a cell to
keep it alive. The term physiology refers to normal functions in a living organism. Animal cells, plant
cells and microorganism cells show similarities in their functions even though they vary in structure. 

14.  Pathology- the study of disease. It is the bridge between science and medicine. It underpins every
aspect of patient care, from diagnostic testing and treatment advice to using cutting-edge genetic
technologies and preventing disease. Doctors and scientists working in pathology are experts in illness
and disease.

15.  Systemic physiology-is a branch of physiology that deals with the study of specific organ systems,
such as how they function.

16.  Special (organ) physiology-Organ physiology includes studies of the heart and circulatory system,
where the whole-organ function is studied in interaction with cellular and molecular biological
alterations. Focus is on the regulation of normal, intact organs as well as pathophysiological
processes, for example in conjunction with cardio- and cerebral ischemia.