AT11-CLJ2

Name: ANGOY, MARK DARYL M. (BS CRIM 3-3)

1) What are the sectors found to be most vulnerable to human rights violations?
Explain Each.
Human Rights are created for the protection of those who are vulnerable to
violations and for those particular groups and individual who are weak and
traditionally been victim of violations and consequently require special
protection for the equal and effective enjoyment of their human rights.
This part focuses on groups that are especially vulnerable to abuse of human
rights; groups that are structurally discriminated against like women and groups
that have difficulties defending themselves and are therefore in need of special
protection.
Twelve groups are discussed:
 Women and girls;
 Children;
 Refugees;
 Internally displaced persons;
 Stateless persons;
 National minorities;
 Indigenous peoples
 Migrant workers;
 Disabled persons;
 Elderly persons;
 HIV Positive persons and AIDS victims;
 Lesbian, gay and transgender people.

2) What are the comprehensive rights of a child?

Those are the rights of the children which concern regardless of their age,
race, gender, wealth, cultural background or birthplace, deserves not just to
live, but to thrive. Child rights are human rights that also recognize the special
needs for care and protection of minors’ children and young people under the age
of 18. All children should be treated fairly and without experiencing
discrimination.
3) What is Article 40 of the Civil Code of the Philippines?
It is all about the beginning of civil personality where birth starts to determines
personality; but the conceived child shall be considered born for all purposes
that are favorable to it, provided it be born later with the conditions specified
in the following article.

4) What is Article 256, 257, 258 and 259 of the Revised Penal Code?
Art. 256. Intentional abortion. - Any person who shall intentionally cause an
abortion shall suffer:
The penalty of reclusion temporal, if he shall use any violence upon the
person of the pregnant woman.
The penalty of prision mayor if, without using violence, he shall act
without the consent of the woman.
The penalty of prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods, if
the woman shall have consented.

Art. 257. Unintentional abortion. - The penalty of prision correccional in its

minimum and medium period shall be imposed upon any person who shall cause an
abortion by violence, but unintentionally.

Art. 258. Abortion practiced by the woman herself of by her parents. - The
penalty of prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods shall be
imposed upon a woman who shall practice abortion upon herself or shall consent
that any other person should do so.
Any woman who shall commit this offense to conceal her dishonor, shall suffer
the penalty of prision correccional in its minimum and medium periods
If this crime be committed by the parents of the pregnant woman or either of
them, and they act with the consent of said woman for the purpose of concealing
her dishonor, the offenders shall suffer the penalty of prision correccional in
its medium and maximum periods.

Art. 259. Abortion practiced by a physician or midwife and dispensing of

abortives. The penalties provided in Article 256 shall be imposed in its maximum
period, respectively, upon any physician or midwife who, taking advantage of
their scientific knowledge or skill, shall cause an abortion or assist in causing the
same.
Any pharmacist who, without the proper prescription from a physician, shall
dispense any abortive shall suffer arresto mayor and a fine not exceeding 1,000
pesos.
5) What are the effects of these articles as far as the right of the children is
concern?
The effect of these article maybe people should be aware that there is a law
for abortion intentional or unintentional, they should face the punishment for
doing that kind of act. Once there is a conceive child, freedom and rights are
already given.

6) What is Infanticide?
Infanticide is the intentional killing of a mother to her own child (an infant or
offspring under 12 months)

7) What is Article 255, 246 and 248 of the Revised Penal Code?
In the Art. 255, 246 and 248 there is a penalty provided for the wrong act.
Article 255 is for infanticide (intentional killing of newborn under 1 year old),
Article 246 is for parricide (Intentional killing of parent’s and other near
relatives) and in article 248 is for imposing a person who kill a child with a less
than three days of age.

8) What are the penalty to be imposed upon a person who committed intentional and
unintentional abortion?
For intentional abortion there are three penalties including
 The penalty of reclusion temporal
 The penalty of prision mayor
 The penalty of prision correccional
For unintentional abortion there is a penalty of prision correccional in its
minimum and medium period.