2/22/22, 12:02 AM The short-form of the revised junior Eysenck personality questionnaire: A Bengali edition

Ind Psychiatry J. 2012 Jul-Dec; 21(2): 115–118. PMCID: PMC3830159

doi: 10.4103/0972-6748.119600: 10.4103/0972-6748.119600 PMID: 24250043

The short-form of the revised junior Eysenck personality questionnaire: A

Bengali edition
Avijit Roy

Centre for Mathematics Education, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India

Address for correspondence: Mr. Avijit Roy, Joypur Vill. and P.O. Burdwan District - 713 128, West Bengal, India.
E-mail: avijitroymath@yahoo.co.in

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-
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Abstract

Background:

Personality measuring instrument plays an important role in many fields of human civilization and
therefore, present study was aimed to find such an instrument for Bengali speaking juniors.

Materials and Methods:

Bengali translation of the short-form of the revised junior Eysenck personality questionnaire developed by
Corulla was administered on a sample of 226 Bengali speaking students (99 boys and 127 girls) studying
in class seven and eight taken from two urban and two rural schools. Internal consistency of each item
under a subscale was calculated; internal consistency of each of the four subscales of the translated
questionnaire was calculated; test–retest reliability was found with an interval of 3 months and inter-
correlations between different subscales were found.

Conclusion:

The findings provided satisfactory psychometric properties of the extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism,
and lie scale.

Keywords: Bengali, extraversion, lie scale, neuroticism, psychoticism, short-form of the revised junior
Eysenck personality questionnaire

Since the development of the Eysenck's scale to measure personality dimensions among adults and juniors,
increasing literatures on it indicate its importance. In the series of Eysenck's scale to measure personality
the first one was the Maudsley medical questionnaire containing 40 items.[1] As the Eysenck's
dimensional model of personality had been refined and clarified the length of the instrument was

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increased. The Maudsley personality inventory contained 48 items,[2] the Eysenck personality inventory
contained 57 items,[3] the Eysenck personality questionnaire contained 90 items,[4] and the revised
Eysenck personality questionnaire contained 100 items.[5]

Like the adult scale, the scale to measure personality among juniors was increased in length. The early
junior Maudsley personality inventory contained 44 items,[6] the new junior Maudsley inventory
contained 62 items,[7,8] the junior Eysenck personality questionnaire contained 81 items,[4] and the junior
revised Eysenck personality questionnaire (JEPQR) contained 89 items.[9]

In practical situation sometimes it becomes difficult to work with a long measuring tool. Therefore
alongside the full-length questionnaires some shorter even abbreviated questionnaires were developed.
Eysenck, Eysenck and Barrett devised a short-form of the revised Eysenck personality questionnaire
(EPQR-S) for adults containing 12 items in each dimension of extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism,
and lie scale.[5] Corulla developed the short-form of the revised junior Eysenck personality questionnaire
(JEPQR-S) containing 48 items.[9] Francis developed an abbreviated-form of the junior Eysenck
personality questionnaire (JEPQR-A) containing 24 items from the JEPQR-S.[10] He recorded alpha
coefficients for different dimensions of the JEPQR-S; extraversion 0.7657, neuroticism 0.7895,
psychoticism 0.7124 and lie scale 0.6810 but for the reduced 24 items JEPQR-A, the respective alpha
coefficients were reduced to 0.6644 for extraversion, 0.7027 for neuroticism, 0.6112 for psychoticism and
0.5747 for lie scale and this was because of the shorter length of the questionnaire.

The Eysenck personality questionnaires were originally developed in England and then extended to other
English-speaking areas with different culture. Cross-culture studies among some English-speaking
countries were made by Francis, Brown, and Philipchalk.[11] More recently different forms of Eysenck
personality questionnaire were translated in different languages and consistency of the translated
questionnaires were examined. Francis, Lewis, and Ziebertz translated the EPQR-S into German and
applied over a sample of 331 students.[12] Reported alpha coefficients for the four scales were
extraversion - 0.8523, neuroticism - 0.8104, psychoticism - 0.4181, and lie scale - 0.6379. Tiwari, Singh,
and Singh translated the same questionnaire (EPQR-S) into Hindi and applied over a sample of 202 Hindi
speaking students studying in the Banaras Hindu University.[13] Reported alpha reliabilities for the four
subscales were extraversion - 0.766, neuroticism - 0.772, psychoticism - 0.238, and lie scale - 0.624.

Because of the importance of the personality measuring tools in research work and educational purpose,
present study was aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Bengali translation of the JEPQR-S
developed by Corulla[9] for Bengali speaking school students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Sample

A total of 226 Bengali medium students (male 99 and female 127), studying in class seven and eight, were
taken from two urban and two rural schools of West Bengal.

Tool

The JEPQR-S JEPQR-S developed by Corulla is 48 item self-reported questionnaire having four
dimensions extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism, and lie scale each of which has 12 items.[9] Each
question has a binary response and scored either 1 or 0. The maximum possible score of a dimension is 12
and the minimum is 0.

Procedure

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The items of the questionnaire were translated into Bengali by two bilingual Bengali personnel. Where
there were inconsistencies, both the translators were consulted. Also back translation of the questionnaire
by an expert was made and where there were any inconsistencies, the translators were consulted to get best
possible solutions.

Internal consistency of each items of each of the four subscales of the translated JEPQR-S was completed.
The internal consistency of the four subscales of the translated questionnaire was also calculated. Test–
retest reliability was found with an interval of 3 months. Inter-correlations between different subscales
were also found.

Statistical analysis

To find internal consistency of items under a subscale, item rest of test correlations were found. The
internal consistency of the subscales of the translated questionnaire was found by calculating Chronbach's
alpha. The statistical analysis was made with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS)
statistics 17.0.

RESULTS
Table 1 presents that the item rest of test correlations vary for the extraversion between 0.082 and 0.417,
for neuroticism between 0.127 and 0.552, for psychoticism between 0.085 and 0.504, and for the lie scale
between 0.051 and 0.363.

Alpha reliability found for the four subscales were 0.620 for extraversion, 0.663 for neuroticism, 0.604 for
psychoticism, and 0.620 for lie scale.

The test–retest reliabilities were found 0.659 for extraversion, 0.652 for neuroticism, 0.631 for
psychoticism, and 0.621 for lie scale.

Table 2 presents the correlation coefficients between the four subscales.

DISCUSSION
The present study was aimed to examine to what extent the Bengali translation of the JEPQR-S is
functional in Bengali cultured population. The results [Table 1] of the first stage of data analysis indicate
that most of the items within a subscale have significant correlations with rest of the items. The alpha
coefficients of all the four subscales recorded in this study do not cross 0.7, the level recommended by
Kline,[14] but they are very close to it and satisfactory. Alpha coefficients for extraversion, neuroticism
and lie scale recorded in this study are less well relative to main stream studies, perhaps, due to cultural
difference, as a measuring tool like personality test is always culturally loaded. Significant observation of
this study is that the alpha coefficient of 0.604 for psychoticism is impressive against the historic
difficulties encountered by the subscale. Francis also found a better alpha coefficient of 0.7124 for
psychoticism.[10]

The test–retest reliabilities found in this study are satisfactory and the results are very similar to the
findings of Eysenck and Eysenck which were for 13 years boys and girls with an interval of 6 months;
extraversion 0.67 and 0.76, neuroticism 0.72 and 0.74, psychoticism 0.63 and 0.66, and lie scale 0.65 and
0.66.[4]

Results relating to the main stream questionnaires provide that the dimensions of personality are not all
orthogonal.[4,10] The inter correlations [Table 2] between the dimensions of the translated JEPQR-S of the
present study also show that they are not all orthogonal. There is a significant (0.05 level) negative
correlation between extraversion and psychoticism. Neuroticism and lie scale also showed negative
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correlation significant at the 0.05 level. On the other hand, extraversion and lie scale also neuroticism and
psychoticism both showed positive correlations significant at the 0.05 level. However, there is a significant
negative correlation at the 0.01 level between psychoticism and lie scale while extraversion is independent
of neuroticism.

On the basis of the present study, it may be concluded that the Bengali version of the JEPQR-S may be
accepted as a functional tool for research work and educational purpose. It is further recommended to
administer the Bengali version of JEPQR-S on a larger sample for determining the psychometric properties
more accurately.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Author of this paper is grateful to respected Dr. A. Sensarma, Shiksha-Satra, Visva-Bharati and Dr. S. K.
Samanta, Prof.-in-charge, Centre for Mathematics Education, Visva-Bharati for their kind help to prepare
this paper.

Footnotes
Source of Support: Nil

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

REFERENCES
1. Eysenck HJ. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul; 1952. The Scientific Study of Personality.

2. Eysenck HJ. London: University of London Press; 1959. Manual of the Maudsley Personality Inventory.

3. Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SB. London: University of London Press; 1964. Manual of the Eysenck
Personality Inventory.

4. Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SB. San Diego: EdITS; 1975. Manual: Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Junior
and Adult)

5. Eysenck SB, Eysenck HJ, Barrett P. A revised version of the psychoticism scale. Pers Individ Dif.
1985;6:21–9.

6. Furneaux WD, Gibson HB. A children's personality inventory designed to measure neuroticism and
extraversion. Br J Educ Psychol. 1961;31:204–7.

7. Gibson HB. A lie scale for the junior Maudsley personality inventory. Br J Educ Psychol. 1964;34:120–
4.

8. Gibson HB. Teachers’ ratings of schoolboys’ behaviour related to patterns of scores on the new junior
Maudsley inventory. Br J Educ Psychol. 1967;37:347–56. [PubMed: 6076658]

9. Corulla WJ. A revised version of the psychoticism scale for children. Pers Individ Dif. 1990;11:65–76.

10. Francis LJ. The development of an abbreviated form of the revised junior Eysenck personality
questionnaire (JEPQR-A) among 13-15 year olds. Pers Individ Dif. 1996;21:835–44.

11. Francis LJ, Brown LB, Philipchalk R. The development of an abbreviated form of the revised Eysenck
personality questionnaire (EPQR-A): Its use among students in England, Canada, the U.S.A. and Australia.
Pers Individ Dif. 1992;13:443–9.

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12. Francis LJ, Lewis CA, Ziebertz HG. The short-form revised Eysenck personality questionnaire
(EPQR-S): A German edition. Soc Behav Pers. 2006;34:197–204.

13. Tiwari T, Singh AL, Singh IL. The short-form revised Eysenck personality questionnaire: A Hindi
edition (EPQRS-H) Ind Psychiatry J. 2009;18:27–31. [PMCID: PMC3016694] [PubMed: 21234158]

14. Kline P. London: Routledge; 1993. The Handbook of Psychological Testing.

Figures and Tables

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2/22/22, 12:02 AM The short-form of the revised junior Eysenck personality questionnaire: A Bengali edition

Table 1

Item rest of test correlations

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Table 2

Inter-correlations between different subscales

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