Regulation theory

Livingstone & Lundt – in advertising we walk a

tightrope

Active and passive audiences (Gauntlett thinks we

are more active than we are given credit for)
Effects theory – copycat violence
Moral panics
Desensitization

Film
Wild One / Rebel without a Cause
Life of Brian – blasphemous
Clockwork Orange – copycat violence (Kubrick
pulled it NOT BBFC)
Human centipede 2 -went against obscene
publications act for sexual violence – 32 cuts and
passed
Dark Knight – 12 A suggested violence – BBFC
being effective? MONEY based decision?
Blue Story – banned by Vue coz of copycat
violence

Ads – 5000 ads a day – internet ads.

In the past – TV/ radio / newspaper/ magazines /
billboards/ buses
NOW – social media – every 3- posts on insta is a
sponsored ad
Algorithisms – whole nature of advertising has
changed – it’s personal – ADS NEED regulating –
they can damage AND influence young people in
an irresponsible way – encourage eating disorders
/ body image issues / untrue claims – advertising
lifestyles not product (Kardashian) – she did not
use protein world for her body
David Gandy - vitamins – same

Reflects liberalisation of society BUT stereotypes

are illegal in ads now
Sex sells / - VIP
KFC – chicken dance
McDonald’s dead dad
Iceland orangutan – palm oil
Maltesers
Baby Milk – Aptimal – Boys – scientists / girls
ballerinas
PLT – overt sexuali
Power and the Media

Curran &Seaton – patterns of ownership and

control are the most significant factor in how the
media operate
(Murdoch / disney – monopolies – vertically
integrated companies are able to dominate)
The Fourth Estate – documentary
Influence of Disney on children

Arab Spring – power of social media – state run

media.
Has the internet democratised the media?
`China / N Korea / Eritrea / Russia

Music industry has been democratised by the

media – Lil Nas x

Everyone has a voice but some voices are louder

than others -should everyone have a voice??
Freedom of speech

Twitter – Trump – inciting riots

BLM – more aware of injustices / movements –
people who have been historically
disenfranchised are gaining a voice / platform.
#Icantbreathe / blackouttuesday /

BUT
Meghan / Kate coverage
All lives matter – statues coverage in British press

Is the media democratic?

More than it has been / cancel culture
We impose the form of the old onto the content
of the new – more content than ever before.

Collective identity – democratisation of media

means people are banding together and forming
collective / supportive communities.

We media – everyone has a phone / voice

Fandom / Textual poaching / prosumers /
Veronica Mars – Babadook – changing Sonic the
Hedgehog – audiences have a voice and major
influence – audiences have so much more power.
Power has been taken away from Big companies
and given to the people – Bedroom producers
Call me by your name