Effects of Technology

Changes in technology included:

•Email- electronic mail enables written messages to be sent instantly to others, and files
can be shared as attachments.
•Mobile phones- mobile phones enable conversations to be conducted anywhere.
•Mobile applications- applications (apps) are designed to run on smartphones and
tablets. They can be used to create documents, capture images and enable banking
transactions. Businesses have been able to develop apps to conduct m-commerce.
•Websites- a page or group of pages containing written and visual information using
various media, this allows businesses to communicate with customers and has enabled
e-commerce.
•Social Media- a variety of web platforms that enable users to share ideas, content,
information and messages. Businesses are able to use this as a valuable customer
service tool.
•Web conferencing- a meeting that uses communications software to stream image
and/or voices over the internet between participants in different locations.
•Cloud services- software, such as online document editing and data storage, that is
run from a remote location but that can be accessed from anywhere as long as a
connection to the internet is maintained.
•Manufacturing- a variety of technological manufacturing techniques are commonly
used, such as using robots to build cars.
•Warehousing- as businesses take online orders, robots are commonly used to move
around warehouses and load them onto vans.
•Electric vehicles- many businesses now use or are developing electric vehicles,
moving away from traditional petrol and diesel.

The use of technology in the workplace

•Administration
Administration has benefitted through word processing packages, email distribution,
database and telephone systems. This has made actions such as letter writing and
managing large amounts of information much easier.
•Communication
•Recruitment
Recruitment uses technology in a number of ways.
•Stock control
Stock control has become much easier to manage using online methods.

The use of e-commerce and m-commerce to sell goods and services

•E-commerce
Refers to the buying and selling of goods and services online.
•M-commerce
Refers to the buying and selling of goods and services online through a mobile device.

Three things are required for e-commerce and m-commerce to take place:
● a seller who has products and services that are displayed electronically
● a buyer who has the equipment required to view the seller’s product and
services, and a means of paying for them
● a network that enables information and payment to be exchanged by the buyer
and seller.

Advantages of E-commerce and M-commerce

•Attract customers across the globe, increasing the target market
•Sell 24 hours 7 days a week
•Receive payments immediately
•Reduced overhead costs compared to running a physical shop
•Products and services can be delivered in a range of locations
•Able to sell a huge range of products, due to not being limited by shop size

Disadvantages of E-commerce and M-commerce

•More competitors from across the globe, making harder for business to get noticed
•Employees may need new skills, e.g. websites maintenance
•Procedures required for how products and services will be delivered and processing
returns.
•A need to maintain and update technologies, including security software, which may be
expensive
•Customers cannot see or try on items before ordering
•Customers must wait for products to be delivered
The use of digital and social media to communicate with customers
Digital and social media enable the use of electronic communication for sharing ideas,
content, information and messages.

Digital media may include text messages, emails, internet based messaging services
and web chats.
Social media platforms include Facebook, Instagram, snapchat and twitter for example.

Technology Capabilities
The organizational information technologies have an impact on many aspects of
business. In recent times, technology has become an ever increasing existence in the
workplace and it is one of the hot topics among the business world.
More and more businesses, large and small, are trying to incorporate the latest
technology into their operations.

Multiple levels in IT based Capabilities

There have been many typologies for IT based capabilities which are varied in terms of
degree of aggregations.
It based capabilities can be categories into three groups in terms of their aggregation
level of IT resources
•Top level- it described IT based capabilities according to their strategic values. The
main purpose of this level of analysis is “Demonstrate” IT resources. Hence we called
this level IT strategic level.
•Middle level- The level be technology functionality level and IT strategic level is IT
system level.
•Lower level- based capabilities according to their functional ability of specific
technology. Components or application feature and this level called technology
functionality are.

Impact of the IT in different sector in organization

•Marketing:
oProduct data form production, research and development
oSales and Distribution sales, packing, distribution sections.
oAdvertising promotion of product
•Human resources management:
oHuman resources budget & expenditure
oCompetitors
•Financial management:
oOwner
oManager
oShareholders

Value and Ethics in Business

Values and ethics in simple words mean principle or code of conduct that govern
transactions; in this case business transactions.

Importance of Ethics
Ethics is important because of the following:
1.Satisfying Basic Human Needs. Being fair, honest and ethical is one the basic human
needs.
2.Creating Credibility. An organization that is believed to be driven by moral values is
respected in the society even by those who may have no information about the working
and the businesses or an organization.
3.Uniting People and Leadership. An organization driven by values is revered by it
employee also.
4.Improving Decision Making. A man’s destiny is the sum total of all decisions that
he/she takes in course of his life. The same holds true for organizations. Decisions are
driven by values.
5.Long term Gains. Organizations guided by ethics and values are profitable in the long
run, though in the short run they may seem to lose money.
6.Securing the Society. Often ethics succeeds law in safeguarding the society. The law
machinery is often found acting as a mute spectator, unable to save the society and
environment.

Basic Workplace Ethics for an Organization

Let us go through some workplace ethics:
•Rules and regulations ought to be the same for everyone.
•Company’s policies need to be communicated clearly to each and everyone.
•An organization ought to respect its employees to expect the same in return.
•Organizations should not expect employees to attend office 365 days a year.
•Give employees the space they require.
•Do not be too strict with your employees.