LAB # 8: DIFFERENTIAL OR FLY LEVELLING –

REDUCE LEVELS BY RISE AND FALL METHOD

 Objective:

To find the difference in elevation and to calculate the reduced level of various points by Rise
and Fall method.

 Equipments:

Dumpy level, Leveling staff.

 Procedure:

The field procedure and booking of staff reading is done in the same way as explained in the
height of instrument method (each reading is entered on a different line in the appropriate
column, except at a change point, where a FS and BS occupy the same line). However the data
booking is performed as shown in the Table below.

 Tabulation:

READINGS
STATIO REDUCE REMARK
RISE FALL
N B.S I.S F.S D LEVEL S

 Calculations:

1. The difference in elevation between any two successive points (say A and B) can be
calculated as:

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 Elevation difference between A and B = first reading at A – second reading at B

2. NOTE, for any two successive staff readings:

 Second reading smaller than first reading represents a Rise (The sign of elevation
difference is positive).

 Second reading greater than first reading represents a Fall (The sign of elevation
difference is negative).

3. If the elevation of the first point is known, then the elevation of the second point
can be calculated as:

Height of B = height of A + rise (in rise case)

or

Height of B = Height of A – fall (in fall case)

4. Checks: The following checks on the booking and arithmetic calculations are
performed:
A) Number of BS readings = Number of FS readings
B) ∑BS - ∑FS = ∑Rise - ∑Fall = RL of last point – RL of first point

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