Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
DlpRn`ugn

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL &

@LPL WGENOGN

2626

VRAJNWAR
Lcbnrta Aeilwl Cugls
lcbnrta.aeilwl.cuglsFhdlec.gad 
 

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Äo`egn
<. DlpRn`ugn
Dlp Rn`ugn ...............
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<.<. Vragnsldenota plrlcnca ..........................................
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<.2. Juo`ldnotas............................
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<.7. Nkndpca DlpRn`ugn .............................
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<.0. Nxpceglge÷o da`nca DlpRn`ugn.............................
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<.>. Nkndpca E ..............
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<.:. Nkndpca EE ..............
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<.8. Gaojehurlge÷o .....................................
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<.=. DlpRn`ugn no Vytmao ................................
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VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

<. DlpRn`ugn

<.<. Vragnsldenota plrlcnca

Nc gaognpta `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca sn rnclgeaol gao nc `esnüa `n prahrldls gao `as
glrlgtnrästegls preogeplcns; Garrno no dûctepcns pragnsl`arns  (a oûgcnas) y ta`as nccas
gaapnrlo plrl rnsacvnr uo ûoega prabcndl Y<T.

Oa sn `nbn gaojuo`er nc pragnsldenota plrlcnca gao nc `estrebue`a. Var nkndpca, uo snrve`ar

wnb, gada nc `n Haahcn, oardlcdnotn garrn no uo gcûstnr jardl`a par vlrels dìqueols 
ducteoûgcna qun lteno`no y pragnslo decns `n pntegeaons  gl`l snhuo`a `n jardl
seductìonl. Nc olvnhl`ar wnb dunstrl nc gaotnoe`a pragnsl`a ccnhlo`a lsä lc usulrea jeolc.
Weo ndblrha, gl`l uol `n nstls dìqueols lteno`n pntegeaons eo`eve`ulcns, oa gaclbarlo plrl
rnsacvnr uol ûoegl tlrnl. No nstn glsa, par tlota, oa sn gudpcn cl snhuo`l glrlgtnrästegl
dnotl`l. Nsta ns ca qun sn `noadeol pragnsldenota `estrebue`a, oa plrlcnca.

No cl lgtulce`l` nxestno oudnrasls lpceglgeaons no cls qun sn utecezl pragnsldenota plrlcnca.

Haahcn, par su plrtn, papuclrez÷ nc plrl`ehdl dlp-rn`ugn plrl nc pragnsldenota plrlcnca
`n hrlo`ns vacûdnons
pragnsldenota `n `ltas
plrlcnca sn yndpcnl
ns, quezìs,
  no ncdugmls
nkndpcaatrls
dìs sehoejeglteva.
ìrnls gadaWeodltndìtegls
ndblrha, nc
gadputlgeaolcns  (ìchnbrl ceonlc oudåregl, sacugeaons oudåregls `n ngulgeaons
`ejnrnogelcns, aptedezlge÷o, gadbeoltarel, tnaräl `n hrljas...), pragnsldenota genotäjega 
(prn`egge÷o dntnarac÷hegl, prn`egge÷o `n murlglons, da`ncl`a gcedltac÷hega, lstrajäsegl,
beaeojardìtegl... ), eohnoenräl  (seduclge÷o `n tûoncns `n venota, loìceses `n ncndnotas
jeoetas, loìceses `n gerguetas...), jeolozls (da`ncl`a `n dnrgl`a, bûsqun`l `n tno`nogels,
...), lolcätegl Beh@ltl (deonräl `n `ltas, eo`nxlge÷o wnb, glrlgtnrezlge÷o `n usulreas..),
ntg.

No gulcquenr glsa nc usa `nc pragnsldenota plrlcnca oa ml nstl`a sendprn tlo nxtno`e`a. L
preogepea `n cas lüas =6 cl gadputlge÷o plrlcncl nrl glrl, gl`l pravnn`ar ajrngäl sus prapels
sacugeaons mlr`wlrn y sus prapeas cnohulkns `n prahrldlge÷o, `n jardl qun su usa sn
cedetlbl l hrlo`ns gadplüäls y gnotras `n eovnstehlge÷o.

Nc gldbea sn pra`uka l jeolcns `nc sehca ]] `nbe`a l cl edpartlotn rn`ugge÷o `n gastns `n

edpclotlge÷o `n rn`ns Ntmnront caglcns, nc lblrltldenota `n cas VG―s, nc `nslrracca `n cas
pratagacas `n gaduoeglge÷o PGV/EV y cl `estrebuge÷o `n Ceoux gada sestndl apnrlteva cebrn.
L`ndìs, no <55> sn pubceg÷ nc  plpnr Bnawucj  Y2T
 Y2T no nc qun sn `ntlcclbl gada luolr ta`as
cas rngursas cestl`as plrl grnlr uo sestndl gadpcnta, `noadeol`a Bnawucj, qun snotlbl cls
blsns  `n ca qun lgtulcdnotn sn gaoagn gada gcûstnr. Var atrl plrtn, no nstl åpagl sn
gadnozlrao l utecezlr cnohulkns gada Jartrlo, G y G++ gada nstìo`lrns plrl nc `nslrracca
`n sajtwlrn `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca. Pldbeåo sn pubceglrao cas nstìo`lrns Dnsslhn
Vlsseoh Eotnrjlgn  (DVE) y ApnoDV  (<550 y <558 rnspngtevldnotn), gaoverteåo`asn no
nstìo`lrns `n jlgta `n prahrldlge÷o no gcustnrs `n nquepas `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca. No
gulcquenr glsa cls dìqueols ducteoûgcna oa nrlo uol rnlce`l`, ca dìs mlbetulc lc
edpcndnotlr sestndls `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca nrl gaostruer gcustnrs gao dûctepcns
nquepas gao uo ûoega pragnsl`ar.
Nc snhuo`a meta qun dlrg÷ nc gldbea jun no 2660. Cas jlbreglotns `n degrapragnsl`arns
nxpcatlrao cl cny `n Daarn y gadnozlrao l `nslrracclr pragnsl`arns `abclo`a nc oûdnra
`n trlosestarns y cl jrngunogel `n rncak gl`l `as lüas. Weo ndblrha, no 2660, sn ccnh÷ l cas

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VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

7 HMz y lc cädetn no cl `eseplge÷o `n glcar . @n nstl jardl yl oa nrl pasebcn ludnotlr cl

jrngunogel `n rncak y ûoegldnotn qun`lbl cl apge÷o `n  eogrndnotlr nc oûdnra `n
trlosestarns. Lsä, sn gadnozlrao l `esnülr degras  jardl`as par dûctepcns  pragnsl`arns
apnrlo`a plrlcncldnotn, gao `as rncakns, yl qun, tn÷regldnotn, `as pragnsl`arns
pragnsl`arns l 7HMz
nrlo nquevlcnotn l uoa trlblklo`a l :. Nc oûdnra `n oûgcnas `n pragnsldenota
edpcndnotl`as no uo degra ml e`a eogrndnotìo`
eogrndnotìo`asn
asn mlstl cl lgtulce`l`, `ao`n yl ns pasebcn
nogaotrlr pragnsl`arns `n = oûgcnas ngao÷degas.

L`ndìs, cl papuclrezlge÷o `n cas ve`nakunhas ml pra`uge`a tldbeåo uo ludnota

gaose`nrlbcn `n cls glplge`l`ns `n dndarel preogeplc `n cas nquepas, nogaotrlo`a
jìgecdnotn `atlgeaons `n = a <: HB. @n nstl jardl sn ml ccnhl`a l qun uol ûoegl dìqueol
nstì `atl`l glplge`l` sujegenotn plrl snr nqueplrl`l l cas gcustnrs ndpcnl`as no cas lüas
=6. Hrlgels l ta`a ncca sn `espaono `n sestndls `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca prìgtegldnotn no
gulcquenr cuhlr `nc duo`a.

Var atrl plrtn, cls lpceglgeaons da`nrols qun garrno sabrn nstas sestndls sao `nslrraccl`ls
no cnohulkns ounvas gada Klvl y ndpcnlo`a ounvas plrl`ehdls `n prahrldlge÷o gada dlp-
rn`ugn. Nc nkndpca dìs sehoejeglteva
sehoejeglteva ns cl cebrnräl dlp-rn`ugn
dlp-rn`ugn `n Ml`aap nsgretl no Klvl y
`esnül`l plrl rnlcezlr tlrnls `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca no gaokuotas `n `ltas Beh@ltl.

Oa abstlotn, sn ml ccnhl`a l uo puota `n tlcns ongnse`l`ns `n pragnsldenota qun eogcusa

uo nquepa nqueplrlbcn l uo gcustnr `n cas lüas =6   oa ns sujegenotn  plrl rnlcezlr
`ntnrdeol`ls tlrnls sabrn cas vacûdnons `n `ltas qun sn dlonklo no cl lgtulce`l`. Ns par
ncca qun sn `nbno gadbeolr jardlo`a  gcustnrs  `n nquepas ductepragnsldenota. No cl
lgtulce`l` nstas gnotras `n pragnsldenota sn `noadeolo supnrgadputl`arns. No
oavendbrn `n 26<0, nc dlyar supnrgadputl`ar `nc duo`a ns nc Olteaolc Wupnrgadputnr
Gnotnr `n Hulohzmau no Gmeol Y7T9 gaostl `n 7.<26.666 oûgcnas y juogeaol l uol jrngunogel
`n pega `n >0.562 tjcaps par snhuo`a, gaosudeno`a uol patnogel `n <8.=6=IX.
No gulcquenr glsa cas gcustnrs sehuno seno`a sestndls glras   y oa nstìo lc lcglogn `n
gulcquenr ndprnsl a gnotra qun ca rnquenrl. No cas ûctedas lüas sn ml `nslrraccl`a gada
lctnroltevl ca qun sn `noadeol !"#$% !#'($)*+, . Ndprnsls gada Ldlzao pravnno snrvegeas
`n gadputlge÷o no cl oubn, gada ns nc glsa `n NG2. No nstn da`nca cas oa`as `n
pragnsldenota sn lcqueclo no juoge÷o `n cls ongnse`l`ns `n gl`l gcenotn no ca qun l oûdnra
y tendpa sn rnjenrn. L`ndìs, prnsnotl cl vnotlkl `n qun supredno  cls tlrnls `n
dlotnoedenota.
Oa abstlotn, cl grngenotn glplge`l` `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca oa tenon snote`a se oa sn
`nslrraccl sajtwlrn glplz `n slglrcn rno`edenota. Vlrl `nslrracclr nstn tepa `n sajtwlrn
ns ongnslrea gaoagnr, l su vnz, no quå sn blsl nc pragnsldenota plrlcnca.
plrlcnca. Nsta ns ca qun sn
`esgutn no cl sehuenotn sngge÷o.

<.2. Juo`ldnotas.
Nc pragnsldenota plrlcnca sn pun`n glrlgtnrezlr no 7 `ednoseaons beno `njeoe`ls;
mlr`wlrn, sajtwlrn y lpceglge÷o. No cls sehuenotn subsnggeaons sn `ntlcclo gl`l uol `n
nccls Y<T .

@ednose÷o mlr`wlrn

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>

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Cas lgtarns juo`ldnotlcns `n cl gadputlge÷o plrlcncl rnclgeaol`as gao nc mlr`wlrn sao

cas sehuenotns;

•   Oa`a; Ar`nol`ar eo`npno`enotn qun pasnn su prapel GV^ (a GV^―s), su prapel

dndarel preogeplc y su prapel eotnrjlz `n rn`. ^o sestndl `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca
pun`n gaosester no uo ûoega oa`a a vlreas. No glsa `n snr uo sestndl ducteoa`a nstn
sn `noadeol gcustnr .

•   Oûgcna; ^oe`l` `n pragnsldenota `n uo oa`a, nkngutl sngunogels `n eostruggeaons.

^o oa`a pun`n tnonr uo ûoega oûgcna a vlreas `n nccas y nstas l su vnz pun`no
nkngutlr dìs `n uol sngunogel `n eostruggeaons, ns ca qun sn `noadeol ductemeca a
mypnrtmrnl`n` .

•   Lgncnrl`arns; Vragnsl`arns eo`npno`enotns `n prap÷seta nspngäjega qun pun`no

nkngutlr apnrlgeaons kuota l cl GV^. ^o nkndpca gadûo sao cas HV^ (Hrlpmegs
Vragnsseoh ^oets), qun suncno nstlr jardl`as, l su vnz, par vlreas oûgcnas, a cls JVHLs
(Jenc` Vrahrlddlbcn Hltn Lrrly), gmeps `ehetlcns guyas gerguetas c÷hegas pun`no snr

rngaojehurl`as snhûo cas rnqunredenotas y pnrdetno grnlr pragnsl`arns `n hrlo

vncage`l` pnrsaolcezl`as.

•   Dndarel preogeplc; Gnc`ls `n lcdlgnoldenota lcnltarea no cls qun sn lcaklo cls

sngunogels `n eostruggeaons y vlrelbcns `n nknguge÷o. @nbe`a l qun cl gerguetnräl `n
cls dndarels preogeplcns ns dìs cnotl qun cl `nc oûgcna `n pragnsldeno
pragnsldenota
ta sn eosnrtl
uol dndarel eotnrdn`el, `noadeol`l glgmå, `eve`e`l l su vnz no `as oevncns
rnclgeaol`as gao cl vncage`l` `n cngturl, dugma dìs rìpe`l qun cl dndarel preogeplc
pnra `n dnoar tldlüa. 
tldlüa. 

@ednose÷o sajtwlrn.

^o prahrldl plrlcnca gaosestn no uo gaokuota `n mecas qun rnlcezlo apnrlgeaons

seductìonldnotn garreno`a
garreno`a
meca `n pragnsldenota pun`nono nstlr
cas oûgcnas `n cas oa`as.
`nslgapcl`ls, sndeCls apnrlgeaons
lgapcl`ls rnlcezl`ls
a tatlcdnotn par gl`l
lgapcl`ls,
no juoge÷o `n se cas mecas sn gaduoeglo a gaar`eolo notrn nccas plrl pra`uger nc rnsuctl`a a
oa.

Lsä, gulo`a sn `nslrraccl sajtwlrn `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca sn `nbn tnonr duy prnsnotn
nc mngma `n qun nc rnsuctl`a `nbn snr garrngta, y ns `n sudl edpartlogel gulo`a cls tlrnls
`nslrraccl`ls par gl`l meca nstìo lgapcl`ls tatlc a plrgelcdnotn.

Abtnonr sacugeaons garrngtls no uo notaroa ducte-meca pun`n snr uol tlrnl `nsljelotn. Nc
mngma `n qun cas mecas gadplrtlo nsplgeas `n dndarel jlgecetl cl prahrldlge÷o `n sajtwlrn
plrlcnca pnra tldbeåo ns uo puota `n jlcca mlbetulc yl qun cas mecas pun`no gadplrter `ltas
`n jardls qun nc prahrldl`ar pa`räl oa edlheolr. We cl slce`l `n uo prahrldl gldbel snhûo
gldbel cl hnste÷o `n cas mecas notaogns sn nstìo pra`ugeno`a ca qun sn gaoagn gada
gao`egeaons glrrnrl. Ns uoa `n cas preogeplcns puotas `n jlcca yl qun, l`ndìs, ns

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VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

prìgtegldnotn edpasebcn lsnhurlr qun uo `ntnrdeol`a prahrldl oa gaotenon gao`egeaons

glrrnrl, pa`räl juogeaolr garrngtldnotn
garrngtldnotn cls <666 prednrls vngns y jlcclr no cl sehuenotn.

Gaose`årnsn par nkndpca uo prahrldl qun glcgucl `as rnsuctl`as (L y B) y pastnreardnotn

cas gadbeol plrl prapargeaolr uol rnspunstl jeolc (Rns). Wup÷ohlsn l`ndìs qun nc prahrldl
nkngutl `egmls eostruggeaons ndpcnlo`a `as mecas plrlcncas qun nkngutlo cls sehuenotns
eostruggeaons;
!"#$ &  !"#$ ' 
BehKab()  B 4 BehKab() 
L 4 BehKab()  BehKab() 
L 
Rns +4 L  B 
Rns +4 B 

No glsa `n qun nc gìcguca `n uoa `n cas vlcarns, sup÷ohlsn nc `n L, rnquenrl dugma dìs
tendpa qun nc atra, sup÷ohlsn nc `n B, nstn prahrldl hnonrlräl, prablbcndnotn, cl
rnspunstl l`ngul`l. Weo ndblrha, se ldbas pragnsas tadlo tendpas sedeclrns, nc rnsuctl`a
pun`n snr edprnvesebcn.
edprnvesebcn. Var nkndpca,
nkndpca, se L 4 <, B 4 2, y Rns 4 7 eoegelcdnotn, notaogns,
notaogns, cas
pasebcns rnsuctl`as snrälo;

()#$* +",)#
<.27.,2") -. $0.*)2"$,.6 
 
-. /.6
:  `ejnrnotns.  
We cas gìcgucas `n L y B tadlo tendpas duy `ejnrnotns. 
We nc Meca < cnn Rns pnra denotrls rnlcezl cl sudl nc Meca 2 cnn Rns, mlgn cl sudl y
> 
tnrdeon.  
nsgrebn nc rnsuctl`a lotns `n qun nc Meca < tnrdeon. 
We nc Meca 2 cnn Rns, pnra denotrls qun nstì rnlcezlo`a cl sudl nc Meca < cnn Rns, mlgn
0 
tnrdeon.  
cl sudl y nsgrebn nc rnsuctl`a lotns `n qun nc Meca 2 tnrdeon. 

Lsä qun`l `ndastrl`a qun cl garrngge÷o `nc `lta `nvuncta oa ns uo mngma trevelc.
No gulcquenr glsa, nc `nslrracca `n nstn tepa `n sajtwlrn sn juo`ldnotl no cl e`nl `n
nkngutlr uol snren `n eostruggeaons ca dìs rìpe`ldnotn pasebcn, ns, par tlota, uol gunste÷o
`n rno`edenota Y2T.

No nstn snote`a nc rno`edenota gaostl `n `as lspngtas juo`ldnotlcns; cltnogel a "-).+!/  y

jcuka a )6<#$,6($) . Cl cltnogel sn rnclgeaol gao nc tendpa ongnslrea plrl gadpcntlr uol
`ntnrdeol`l tlrnl, rnsuctlo`a grätegl no lpceglgeaons eotnrlgtevls gada davedenotas `n
rlt÷o, ntg. Nc jcuka, par su plrtn, sn rnclgeaol gao nc oûdnra `n tlrnls qun sn pun`no rnlcezlr
no uol `ntnrdeol`l glote`l` `n tendpa. No nstn glsa uol tlrnl eo`eve`ulc pun`n rnqunrer
dugma tendpa plrl su nknguge÷o, pnra `ns`n nstn puota `n vestl oa tenon edpartlogel se nc
tendpa tatlc gaosude`a plrl gadpcntlr uo gaokuota `n tlrnls ns rn`uge`a. ^o nkndpca `n
ncca ns cl rno`nrezlge÷o `n uol sngunogel `n jrldns `n uol pncägucl loedl`l, oa tenon
edpartlogel se uo jrldn no gaogrnta rnquenrn dugma tendpa plrl snr rno`nrezl`a, ca
edpartlotn ns nc tendpa tatlc.

No gulcquenr glsa, tlota se ca qun sn busgl ns `esdeouer cl cltnogel a ludnotlr nc jcuka, ca

qun edpartl ns nc rno`edenota hcablc. Ns mlbetulc dn`er nc rno`edenota `nc sajtwlrn plrlcnca
no ca qun sn `noadeol  2(..%7$(, uo rltea qun rnclgeaol nc tendpa `n nknguge÷o `n sajtwlrn
plrlcnca gao nc tendpa `n nknguge÷o `n cl dnkar edpcndnotlge÷o sngunogelc `espaoebcn `nc
desda lcharetda;

W 4 ts / tp

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VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

`ao`n ts ns nc tendpa `n nknguge÷o sngunogelc y tp nc tendpa `n nknguge÷o plrlcnca.

We nc prahrldl `n nknguge÷o plrlcncl ns pnrjngta notaogns nc rltea lotnrear nsglcl
ceonlcdnotn gao nc oûdnra `n ncndnotas `n pragnsldenota (V), ns `nger, W sn ehulcl l V. No
nstn glsa `abclr nc oûdnra `n oûgcnas `n pragnsldenota edpceglräl
edpceglräl cl rn`ugge÷o l cl detl`
`nc tendpa `n nknguge÷o.

Oa abstlotn cl setulge÷o `n ceonlce`l` pnrjngtl lotnrear oa suncn `lrsn, no cl dlyar plrtn

`n cas glsas mly jrlggeaons `n cas lcharetdas qun oa pun`no nkngutlrsn plrlcncldnotn. Cl
jrlgge÷o sngunogelc
sngunogelc no cl sacuge÷o `n uo prabcndl y su edplgta sabrn nc rltea W ns ca qun sn
`noadeol 0./ >'%-6" . Gaose`årnsn uo prabcndl gao uo tendpa tatlc `n nknguge÷o P(s), gao
uol plrtn qun s÷ca pun`n snr rnsunctl sngunogelcdnotn (js) y atrl gao sacuge÷o plrlcncl (jp).
Cl plrtn sngunogelc pun`n rnclgeaolrsn, par nkndpca, gao E/A, gastns `n eoegelcezlge÷o,
pragnsldenota sngunogelc
sngunogelc `n rnsuctl`as plrlcncas, ntg. Lsä, snhûo sn eogrndnotl nc oûdnra
`n pragnsl`arns `espaoebcns plrl nkngutlr nc lcharetda, tlo s÷ca cl plrtn plrlcncl sn vn
bnonjegel`l, `n jardl qun nc tendpa `n pragnsldenota sehun cl sehuenotn ngulge÷o;

P(p) 4 (js + jp /V) P(s) 4 (js+(<- js) / V) P(s)

Wustetuyno`a cl nxprnse÷o lotnrear no cl ngulge÷o `nc rltea W sn abtenon;

W 4 P(s)/(js+(<-js))/V
P(s)/(js+(<-js))/V)) P(s) 4 </(js +(<-js)/V)

@n jardl qun se V teno`n l eojeoeta sn abtenon qun

W 4 </js

Cls ngulgeaons lotnrearns dunstrlo qun nc edplgta qun tenon cl plrtn sngunogelc `n uo
lcharetda ns vetlc gulo`a sn nstì `nslrracclo`a uo sajtwlrn `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca. @n
mngma se, par nkndpca, sn plrlcncezl nc =6% `n uo lcharetda, nc dnkar rltea lcglozlbcn snrì
>, eo`npno`enotndnotn `nc oûdnra `n pragnsl`arns `espaoebcns. Ns par tlota uo rnqueseta
edprnsgeo`ebcn
edprnsgeo`eb cn tnonr no gunotl cl cny Ld`lmc gulo`a sn `nslrraccl nstn tepa `n sajtwlrn.

@ednose÷o lpceglge÷o

Cls lpceglgeaons `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca sn glrlgtnrezlo snhûo `as `ednoseaons

artahaolcns; GV^ pnqunül - GV^ hrlo`n y pagas `ltas - dugmas `ltas. L gaoteoulge÷o sn
`nsgrebno gl`l uol `n cls gadbeolgeaon
gadbeolgeaons;
s;

GV^ pnqunül y pagas `ltas.

^ol lpceglge÷o gao blkas rnqunredenotas `n GV^ y qun trlblkl gao pagas `ltas suncn rnqunrer
pagas gìcgucas (gegcas `n GV^) plrl gadpcntlrsn gao gl`l `lta. No gulcquenr glsa, cas
gìcgucas pun`no rnlcezlrsn no plrlcnca. ^ol makl `n gìcguca ns uo nkndpca `n ncca, trlblkl
gao duy pagas `ltas (cas vlcarns gaotnoe`as no cls gnc`ls) y sn rnlcezlo pagls apnrlgeaons
(cls j÷rducls `n cls gnc`ls). Weo ndblrha, cas gìcgucas pun`no rnlcezlrsn no plrlcnca punsta
qun oa mly `npno`nogels notrn gnc`ls.

GV^ hrlo`n y pagas `ltas.

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

No nstn glsa tldbeåo sn trlblkl gao pagas `ltas, pnra sn rnquenrno dugmas gegcas `n GV^
plrl gadpcntlr cas gìcgucas sabrn cas desdas. Rnlcezlr cas gìcgucas no plrlcnca pun`n
lgncnrlr gaose`nrlbcndnotn cl nknguge÷o. Cls lpceglgeaons greptahrìjegls notrlo `notra `n
nstn dlrga `n pragnsldenota, cl deonräl Betgaeo ns uo nkndpca. ^o bcaqun betgaeo ns uol
penzl `n `eonra ncngtr÷oega, agupl pagas iecabytns `n `ltas pnra `ntnrdeolr su vlcar (ca qun
sn `noadeol deolr nc betgaeo) rnquenrn glcguclr cl juoge÷o mlsm WML2>:
WML2>: dugmls
 dugmls vngns. Nstls
apnrlgeaons pun`no rnlcezlrsn no plrlcnca, `n mngma ns uol prìgtegl mlbetulc.

GV^ pnqunül y dugmas `ltas.

^ol lpceglge÷o `n nstn tepa rnquenrn paga tendpa `n GV^ plrl abtnonr nc rnsuctl`a `n gl`l
`lta, pnra cl apnrlge÷o sn lpcegl l uol hrlo glote`l` `n nccas. @nbe`a l ncca, cl lpceglge÷o
pun`n rnqunrer dugma tendpa plrl gaogcuer y nc pragnsldenota plrlcnca pun`n dnkarlr nc
rno`edenota gaose`nrlbcndnotn.
gaose`nrlbcndnotn. DlpRn`ugn, `nslrraccl`a par Haahcn n edpcndnotl`a par
Lplgmn Ml`aap, ns uo plrl`ehdl `n pragnsldenota plrlcnca plrl lpceglgeaons qun lpceglo
sabrn uol hrlo glote`l` `n `ltas.
GV^ hrlo`n y dugmas `ltas.

No nstn tepa `n lpceglgeaons sn rnlcezlo oudnrasas gìcgucas sabrn uol hrlo glote`l` `n `ltas.

Cls lpceglgeaons
nkndpca l nsglclgenotäjegls
nxtrndl nsqun garrno noCLDDVW
nc prahrldl supnrgadputl`arns
CLDDVW, sndavedenota
, qun seducl nc eogcuyno no `n
nstn
castepa. ^o
ìtadas
`ns`n cas prednras preogepeas `n cl jäsegl y garrn sabrn nc supnrgadputl`ar Inonnclo` no
Clbarltarea Olgeaolc `n Ali Re`hn (NN.^^.).
Re`hn (NN.^^.). Innonclo` ns uo gcustnr `n dn`ea tldlüa qun
gaostl `n <26 oa`as gao `as oûgcnas y trns lgncnrl`arns HV^ par oa`a.

<.7. Nkndpca `n dlp Rn`ugn

DlpRn`ugn ns uo plrl`ehdl `n prahrldlge÷o sajtwlrn qun lblrgl cls `ednoseaons
`nslrraccl`ls no cl sngge÷o lotnrear. Gada sn ml vesta no atrls snseaons, sn blsl no `as
pragn`edenotas dlrgl`as, uo pragn`edenota Dlp qun hnonrl uo gaokuota `n `ltas tepa
gclvn-vlcar y atrl Rn`ugn qun gadbeol, `n cl jardl qun sn nstlbcnzgl, cas rnsuctl`as `n cl
juoge÷o Dlp.Nc sehuenotn hrìjega dunstrl `n jardl rnsude`l nc juogeaoldenota `n Dlp
Rn`ugn;

Vlrl pa`nr nkngutlr uo pragnsa no Dlp Rn`ugn, ns ongnslrea;

  `ltas `n notrl`l
•

  uol juoge÷o `n dlpna

•

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

•   uol juoge÷o rn`ugn

•   `ltas `n slce`l

Nc pragnsa nkngutl`a tenon cas sehuenotns plsas;

•  Ml`aap plrtn cas `ltas `n notrl`l no dûctepcns ncndnotas y nkngutl cl juoge÷o `n
dlpna plrl gl`l uoa `n nccas. Gada rnsuctl`a, cl juoge÷o Dlp `nvacvnrì plrns `n
gclvns - vlcarns
•  Ml`aap rngupnrl ta`ls cls gclvns - vlcarns abtnoe`as no nc pragnsa `n dlpna y cas
ar`nol par su gclvn, lhruplo`a cas vlcarns qun tenono cl desdl gclvn
•  Vlrl gl`l gclvn `esteotl, Ml`aap nkngutl cl juoge÷o rn`ugn sabrn cl cestl `n vlcarns
lsagel`as. Gada slce`l `nvacvnrì uoa a vlreas vlcarns qun sn `nbno nsgreber no nc
rnsuctl`a jeolc.

Ml`aap DlpRn`ugn ns uo jrldnwari qun pnrdetn nsgreber lpceglgeaons qun pragnslo hrlo`ns
glote`l`ns `n `ltas no plrlcnca sabrn gcustnrs `n mlr`wlrn bìsega no uo notaroa gaojelbcn
y tacnrlotn l jlccas.

Nc jrldnwari `n DlpRn`ugn gaosestn no uo `ndaoea KabPrlginr dlnstra y uo `ndaoea

nsgclva PlsiPrlginr no gl`l uoa `n cas oa`as `nc gcustnr. Nc `ndaoea dlnstra ns nc
rnspaoslbcn `n cl prahrldlge÷o `n cls tlrnls `n cas gadpaonotns `n cas kabs no cas nsgclvas,
`n daoetarezlrcas y `n rnnkngutlrcas gulo`a jlccl lchuol `n cls tlrnls. Cas `ndaoeas nsgclvas
nkngutlo cls tlrnls qun sao ar`nol`ls par nc `ndaoea dlnstra.

Luoqun nc jrldnwari `n Ml`aap ml se`a edpcndnotl`a no Klvl PD, cls lpceglgeaons `n Dlp
Rn`ugn oa tenono parqun nstlr nsgretls no Klvl.

<.0. Nxpceglge÷o da`nca Dlp Rn`ugn

No nc d÷`uca lotnrear sn ml ndpcnl`a uo .klr qun gaotlbl nc oûdnra `n vngns qun uol
plclbrl lplrngäl no uo tnxta. Nstn ns nc nkndpca nstìo`lr `n "Macl Duo`a" `n Dlp Rn`ugn
qun sn gadpaon `n 7 jlsns;
No cl jlsn `n Dlpna cnn gl`l uol `n cls cäonls `nc tnxta, uol gl`l vnz. @nspuås tragnl gl`l
plclbrl no cl gl`nol y plrl gl`l plclbrl, dunstrl cl plclbrl y uo gaotl`ar qun eo`egl nc o»
`n vngns qun cl plclbrl ml lplrnge`a.

No cl jlsn `n dnzgcl ndpcnlrì cl plclbrl gada gclvn y mlrì uo mlsm gao cas rnhestras plrl
prnplrlrcas plrl cl jlsn `n rn`ugge÷o.
rn`ugge÷o.

No cl jlsn `n rn`ugge÷o, rnlcezlrì cl sudl `nc o» `n vngns qun gl`l plclbrl ml se`a vestl y
cl nsgreberì kuota gao cl plclbrl gada slce`l.

Zldas l eotnotlr nxpceglrca gao nc sehuenotn nkndpca;

No uo cuhlr `n cl Dlogml,
`n guya oadbrn oa quenra lgar`lrdn,

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<6

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

oa ml dugma tendpa qun veväl uo me`lcha

`n cas `n clozl no lsteccnra,
l`lrhl lotehul, ragäo jclga y hlcha garrn`ar.

Wn lsudn qun gl`l uol `n `n cls cäonls sn noväl l uol tlrnl `n Dlpna `esteotl.
`esteotl. No rnlce`l`, l
gl`l dlpna sn cn suncn lseholr uol glote`l` dlyar `n eojardlge÷o, pnra sn ml sedpcejegl`a
par datevas `n gclre`l`. L`ndìs lsuderndas qun no cl jlsn `n rn`ugge÷o sn vlo l tnonr s÷ca
2 rn`ugtarns qun `eve`no cls plclbrls `n L-C y `n D-[. Var ca tlota, nc jcuka `n `ltas qun`lräl
par ca tlota `n cl sehuenotn jardl;

<.>. Nkndpca.
No nstl sngge÷o sn prnsnotl uo nkndpca gadpcnta `n DlpRn`ugn. Vlrl ncca sn plrtn `nc
nkndpca Xar` Gauot prapargeaol`a par cl `agudnotlge÷o `n Ml`aap y, `l`as uol snren `n
`ltas `n notrl`l, sn vnrì g÷da nc sestndl rnlcezl cas gìcgucas `nc oûdnra `n plclbrls qun

lplrngno no cas desdas y nc oûdnra `n vngns qun sn rnpetn gl`l uol `n nccls.

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<<

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

@ltas `n notrl`l

Nc nkndpca vl l plrter `n uol snren `n jegmnras `n tnxta gao uol eojardlge÷o lsagel`l l cas
desdas, cl grnlge÷o `n `egmas jegmnras ns gada sehun;

$ su`a di`er wg-eo

$ su`a gmda`
gmda` -R 888 wg-eo
wg-eo
$ su`a ngma -n "Mncca Xarc`; Byn Xarc`" ? wg-eo/l.txt
$ su`a ngma -n "Mncca Ml`aap Haa`byn Ml`aap" ? wg-eo/b.txt

<. Dlpna.

Nc puota `n plrte`l `nc pragnsa `n Dlp Rn`ugn ns cl jlsn `n dlpna. @urlotn nstl jlsn, sn
glpturlo cas `ltas `n notrl`l y sn trlosjardlo no uo plr gclvn vlcar qun sn ndpcnlrì no nc
pragnsa eotnrdn`ea. Cas rnhestras trlosjardl`as
trlosjardl`as oa tenono par quå snr nc desda oûdnra `n
rnhestras qun cas `n notrl`l. ^o plr `n notrl`l pun`n `nvacvnr gnra ncndnotas dlpnl`as a
dûctepcns plrns, n eogcusa pun`no snr `n `esteota tepa.

Cl edpcndnotlge÷o `nc dlpna sn noväl dn`elotn cl gclsn eo`egl`l no cl tlrnl dn`elotn cl

juoge÷o sntDlppnrGclss. Nc jrldnwari `n Ml`aap ccldlrì l cl juoge÷o dlp
(XretlbcnGadplrlbcn, Xretlbcn, Gaotnxt) plrl gl`l uoa `n cas ncndnotas gclvn vlcar qun
rngebn no cl notrl`l.

No nstn nkndpca, sn pragnslrì gl`l cäonl `nc jegmnra `n notrl`l y pastnreardnotn sn `eve`erìo
no tainos snplrl`as par nsplgeas no bcloga.

kab.sntDlppnrGclss(PainoeznrDlppnr.gclss)9
pubceg vae` dlp(Abkngt iny, Pnxt vlcun, Gaotnxt gaotnxt) tmraws
EANxgnpteao,
EANxgnpteao, Eotnrruptn`Nxgnpteao
Eotnrruptn`Nxgnpteao {
WtreohPainoeznr etr 4 onw WtreohPainoeznr(vlcun.taWtreoh())9
wmecn (etr.mlsDarnPainos()) {
war`.snt(etr.onxtPaino())9
gaotnxt.wretn(war`,
gaotnxt.wretn(war`, aon)9
}
}

Gada rnsuctl`a `nc nkndpca sn abtenon cl sehuenotn eojardlge÷o plrl gl`l uoa `n cas
jegmnras;

Vlrl nc prednr jegmnra (Nkndpca `n dlp rn`ugn; Mncca Xarc`. Byn Xarc`.)

3 Mncca, <?
3 Xarc`., <?
3 Byn, <?
3 Xarc`., <?

Nc dlpna `nc snhuo`a jegmnra (Mncca Ml`aap Haa`byn Ml`aap) `nvuncvn ca sehuenotn;

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<2

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

3 Mncca, <?
3 Ml`aap, <?
3 Haa`byn, <?

3 Ml`aap, <?
2. Dnzgcl.

Pa`as cas plrns gclvns - vlcar eotnrdn`eas rnsuctlotns `n cl jlsn `n dlpna sn ndpcnlrìo
gada notrl`l l cl juoge÷o `n dnzgcl a lhruplge÷o. Nstl juoge÷o sn gaotracl dn`elotn nc
dåta`a sntGadbeonrGcl
sntGadbeonrGclss ss

kab.sntGadbeonrGclss(EotWudRn`ugnr.gclss)9

No nstn glsa, nc pragnsa `n dnzgcl a gadbeolge÷o ndpcnl cl desdl gclsn qun nc pragnsa `n
rn`ugge÷o.

Nc g÷`eha lsagel`a l nstl gclsn ns nc sehuenotn, y ca qun mlgn ns plrl gl`l uol `n cls
plclbrls, sudl nc o» `n rnpntegeaons `n cl desdl.

pubceg vae` rn`ugn(Pnxt iny, Etnrlbcn3EotXretlbcn? vlcuns,

Gaotnxt gaotnxt
) tmraws EANxgnpteao, Eotnrruptn`Nxgnpteao {
eot sud 4 69
jar (EotXretlbcn vlc ; vlcuns) {
sud +4 vlc.hnt()9
}
rnsuct.snt(sud)9
gaotnxt.wretn(iny, rnsuct)9
}

Cl slce`l `nc prednr bcaqun snrì;

3 Byn, <?
3 Mncca, <?
3 Xarc`., 2?
Cl slce`l `nc snhuo`a bcaqun snrì

3 Haa`byn, <?
3 Ml`aap, 2?
3 Mncca, <?

7. Rn`ugge÷o
Var ûcteda sn lpcegl cl jlsn `n rn`ugge÷o plrl, plrteno`a
plrteno`a `n cas ncndnotas `n cl dnzgcl,
abtnonr ounstra rnsuctl`a. No nstn glsa cl juoge÷o sn nspngejegl dn`elotn nc dåta`a
sntRn`ugnrGclss.

kab.sntRn`ugnrGclss(EotWudRn`ugnr.gclss)9

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<7

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 
Vubceg vae` rn`ugn(Pnxt iny, Etnrlbcn3EotXretlbcn? vlcuns, Gaotnxt
gaotnxt ) tmraws EANxgnpteao, Eotnrruptn`Nxgnpteao {
eot sud 4 69
jar (EotXretlbcn vlc ; vlcuns) {
sud +4 vlc.hnt()9
}
rnsuct.snt(sud)9
gaotnxt.wretn(iny, rnsuct)9
}

Gada rnsuctl`a sn abtenon ca sehuenotn;

3 Byn, <?
3 Haa`byn, <?
3 Ml`aap, 2?
3 Mncca, 2?
3 Xarc`., 2?

Nknguge÷o `nc nkndpca

L gaoteoulge÷o
jegmnra Klvl qunsngaotenon
prnsnotlcls
nc juogeaons
nkndpca gadpcnta. No prednr cuhlr, sn plrtn `nc sehuenotn
Dlp y Rn`ugn.
edpart klvl.ea.EANxgnpteao9
klvl.ea.EANxgnpteao9
edpart klvl.utec.WtreohPainoez
klvl.utec.WtreohPainoeznr9
nr9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.gaoj.Gaojehurlteao9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.js.Vltm9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.ea.EotXretlbcn9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.ea.Pn
arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.ea.Pnxt9
xt9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.dlprn`ugn.Kab9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.dlprn`ugn.Dlppnr9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.dlprn`ugn.Rn`ugnr9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.dlprn`ugn.ceb.eoput.JecnEoputJardlt9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.dlprn`ugn.ceb.autput.JecnAutputJardlt9

pubceg gclss Xar`Gauot {

pubceg stlteg gclss PainoeznrDlppnr

nxtno`s Dlppnr3Abkngt, Pnxt, Pnxt, EotXretlbcn?{

prevltn jeolc stlteg EotXretlbcn aon 4 onw EotXretlbcn(<)9

prevltn Pnxt war` 4 onw Pnxt()9

pubceg vae` dlp(Abkngt iny, Pnxt vlcun, Gaotnxt gaotnxt

) tmraws EANxgnpteao, Eotnrruptn`Nxgnpteao {
WtreohPainoeznr
WtreohPainoeznr etr 4 onw WtreohPainoeznr(vlcun.
WtreohPainoeznr(vlcun.taWtreoh())
taWtreoh())9
9
wmecn (etr.mlsDarnPainos()) {
war`.snt(etr.onxtPaino())9
gaotnxt.wretn(war`,
gaotnxt.wretn(war`, aon)9
}
}
}

pubceg stlteg gclss EotWudRn`ugnr

EotWudRn`ugnr

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<0

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 
nxtno`s Rn`ugnr3Pnxt,EotXretlbcn,Pnxt,EotXretlbcn? {
prevltn EotXretlbcn rnsuct 4 onw EotXretlbcn()9

pubceg vae` rn`ugn(Pnxt iny, Etnrlbcn3EotXretlbcn? vlcuns,

Gaotnxt gaotnxt
) tmraws EANxgnpteao, Eotnrruptn`Nxgnpteao {
eot sud 4 69
jar (EotXretlbcn vlc ; vlcuns) {
sud +4 vlc.hnt()9
}
rnsuct.snt(sud)9
gaotnxt.wretn(iny, rnsuct)9
}
}

pubceg stlteg vae` dleo(WtreohYT lrhs) tmraws Nxgnpteao {

Gaojehurlteao gaoj 4 onw Gaojehurlteao()9
Kab kab 4 Kab.hntEostlogn(gaoj, "war` gauot")9
kab.sntKlrByGclss(Xar`Gauot.gclss)9
kab.sntDlppnrGclss(PainoeznrDlppnr.gclss)9
kab.sntGadbeonrGclss(EotWudRn`ugnr.gclss)9
kab.sntRn`ugnrGclss(EotWudRn`ugnr.gclss)9
kab.sntAutputInyGclss(Pnxt.gclss)9
kab.sntAutputZlcunGclss(EotXretlbcn.gclss)9
JecnEoputJardlt.l``EoputVltm(kab, onw Vltm(lrhsY6T))9
JecnAutputJardlt.sntAutputVltm(kab, onw Vltm(lrhsY<T))9
Wystnd.nxet(kab.wletJarGadpcnteao(trun) 1 6 ; <)9
}
}
@nbndas hnonrlr uo klr noglrhl`a `n nkngutlr cls juogeaons lotnrearns. Vlrl ncca sn sehuno
cas sehuenotns plsas;

<. Grnlr uo jegmnra war`gauot.klvl

war`gauot.klvl gao nc g÷`eha lotnrear
$ su`a di`er
di`er /madn/beh`ltl/dlprn`
/madn/beh`ltl/dlprn`ugn
ugn
$ g` /madn/beh`ltl/dl
/madn/beh`ltl/dlprn`ugn
prn`ugn
$ su`a oloa Xar`Gauot.klvl

2. Gadpeclr nc jegmnra

$ su`a klvlg -gclsspltm $ML@AAVQMADN/smlrn/ml`aap/gaddao/m

$ML@AAVQMADN/smlrn/ml`aap/gaddao/ml`aap-gaddao-
l`aap-gaddao-
2.5.<.klr;$ML@AAVQMADN/sm
2.5.<.klr;$ML@ AAVQMADN/smlrn/ml`aap/gadd
lrn/ml`aap/gaddao/ceb/ml`aap-
ao/ceb/ml`aap-looatlteaos-
looatlteaos-
2.5.<.klr;$ML@AAVQMADN/sm
2.5.<.klr;$ML@ AAVQMADN/smlrn/ml`aap/dlprn
lrn/ml`aap/dlprn`ugn/ml`aap-d
`ugn/ml`aap-dlprn`ugn-gceno
lprn`ugn-gcenot-garn-
t-garn-
2.5.<.klr /madn/beh`ltl/d
/madn/beh`ltl/dlprn`ugn/Xar`
lprn`ugn/Xar`Gauot.klvl
Gauot.klvl

7. Grnlr uo klr

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<>

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

$ su`a klr gj wg.klr Xar`Gauot*.gclss

0. Grnlr cas jegmnras `n notrl`l `n `ltas 

$ su`a di`er wg-eo

$ su`a gmda` -R 888 wg-eo
$ su`a ngma "Mncca Xarc`. Byn Xarc`." ? wg-eo/l.txt
$ su`a ngma "Mncca Ml`aap Haa`byn Ml`aap" ? wg-eo/b.txt

$ m`js `js -put wg-eo/* /usnr/beh`ltl/wg-eo

>. Nknguge÷o `nc klr 

$ ml`aap klr wg.klr Xar`Gauot wg-eo wg-aut

$ m`js `js -glt /usnr/beh`ltl/wg-aut/plrt-r-66666

/usnr/beh`ltl/wg-aut/plrt-r-66666

Eotnrjlz Xnb.

Var ûcteda sn gadprablrì nc garrngta juogeaoldenota

juogeaoldenota `n cl eotnrjlz wnb.

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<:

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Vlrl ncca sn sehuno cas sehuenotns plsas;

<. Lrrloglr nc kabmestary

$ sbeo/dr-kabmestary-`lndao.sm
sbeo/dr-kabmestary-`lndao.sm stlrt mestarysnrvnr
2. Lggn`nr dn`elotn uo olvnhl`ar l cl urc mttp;//caglcmast;<5===
mttp;//caglcmast;<5===  

<.:. Nkndpca EE
Nstn nkndpca rnlcezl cl sudl `nc oûdnra `n cäonls qun gaotenono cas jegmnras qun rngebn
gada notrl`l,

edpart klvl.ea.EANxgnpteao9
klvl.ea.EANxgnpteao9
edpart klvl.utec.*9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.js.Vl
arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.js.Vltm9
tm9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.gaoj.*9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.ea.*9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.dlprn`.*9
edpart arh.lplgmn.ml`aap.utec.*9
pubceg gclss CeonGauot {
pubceg stlteg gclss Dlp nxtno`s DlpRn`ugnBlsn edpcndnots
Dlppnr3CaohXretlbcn, Pnxt, Pnxt, EotXretlbcn? {
prevltn jeolc stlteg EotXretlbcn uoa4 onw EotXretlbcn(<)9
prevltn Pnxt war` 4 onw Pnxt("Patlc Ceonls")9
pubceg vae` dlp(CaohXretlbcn iny, Pnxt vlcun, AutputGaccngtar3Pnxt,
EotXretlbcn? autput, Rnpartnr rnpartnr) tmraws EANxgnpteao {
autput.gaccngt(war`, uoa)9
}
}
pubceg stlteg gclss Rn`ugn nxtno`s DlpRn`ugnBlsn edpcndnots
Rn`ugnr3Pnxt, EotXretlbcn, Pnxt, EotXretlbcn? {
pubceg vae` rn`ugn(Pnxt iny, Etnrltar3EotXretlbcn? vlcuns,
AutputGaccngtar3Pnxt, EotXretlbcn? autput, Rnpartnr rnpartnr) tmraws
EANxgnpteao {
eot sud 4 69
wmecn (vlcuns.mlsOnxt()) {
sud +4 vlcuns.onxt().hnt()9
vlcuns.onxt().hnt()9
}
autput.gaccngt(iny, onw EotXretlbcn(sud))9

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<8

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 
}
}
pubceg stlteg vae` dleo(WtreohYT lrhs) tmraws Nxgnpteao {
KabGaoj gaoj 4 onw KabGaoj(CeonGauot.gclss)9
KabGaoj(CeonGauot.gclss)9
gaoj.sntKabOldn("CeonGauot")9

gaoj.sntAutputInyGclss(Pnxt.gclss)9
gaoj.sntAutputZlcunGclss(EotXretlbcn.gclss)9
gaoj.sntDlppnrGclss(Dlp.gclss)9
gaoj.sntGadbeonrGclss(Rn`ugn.gclss)9
gaoj.sntRn`ugnrGclss(Rn`ugn.gclss)9
gaoj.sntEoputJardlt(PnxtEoputJardlt.gclss)9
gaoj.sntAutputJardlt(PnxtAutputJardlt.gclss)9
JecnEoputJardlt.sntEoputVltms(gaoj, onw Vltm(lrhsY6T))9
JecnAutputJardlt.sntAutputVltm(gaoj, onw Vltm(lrhsY<T))9
KabGcenot.ruoKab(gaoj)9
}
}
L gaoteoulge÷o sn nxpaono cas plsas plrl nkngutlr nc nkndpca.
Ca prednra qun `nbndas mlgnr ns hnonrlr nc jegmnra .klvl "CeonGauot.klvl" gada sn pun`rn
lprngelr no nc sehuenotn plotlcclza.

su`a oloa CeonGauot.klvl

@notra `n nstn jegmnra `nbnrndas pnhlr nc ga`eha `nc nkndpca.

^ol vnz grnl`a "CeonGauot.klvl" pragn`nrndas l grnlr uo `erngtarea ccldl`a "ceon-gauot-

eo" nkngutlo`a nc gadlo`a sehuenotn;

su`a di`er ceon-gauot-eo

su`a gmda` -R 888 ceon-gauot-eo

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<=

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

^ol vnz grnl`a

nkngutlo`a nc `erngtarea
cas sehuenotns plslrndas l grnlr cas jegmnras .txt (l,b,g,`) y su gaotnoe`a
gadlo`as;

su`a ngma -n "uoaSo`asSotrns" ? ceon-gauot-eo/l.

ceon-gauot-eo/l.txt
txt
su`a ngma -n "`asSo`asSo`as" ? ceon-gauot-eo/b
ceon-gauot-eo/b.txt
.txt
su`a ngma -n "trnsSotrnsSotrns" ? ceon-gauot-eo/g
ceon-gauot-eo/g.txt
.txt
su`a ngma -n "trnsSogultraSogeo
"trnsSogultraSogeogaSosnes"
gaSosnes" ? ceon-gauot-eo/`.txt

Vlrl gadprablr qun mndas grnl`a garrngtldnotn cas jegmnras nkngutlrndas cas gadlo`as
sehuenotns gadprablo`a cl slce`l;

glt ceon-gauot-eo/l.
ceon-gauot-eo/l.txt
txt
glt ceon-gauot-eo/b
ceon-gauot-eo/b.txt
.txt
glt ceon-gauot-eo/g
ceon-gauot-eo/g.txt
.txt
glt ceon-gauot-eo/`
ceon-gauot-eo/`.txt
.txt

^ol vnz tnohldas ta`as cas jegmnras garrngtldnotn grnl`as cas suberndas l M@JW gao nc
sehuenotn gadlo`a;

m`js `js -put ceon-gauot-eo/ /usnr/beh`ltl/

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

<5

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Vlrl gadprablr qun sn subenrao garrngtldnotn nkngutlrndas;

nkngutlrndas;

m`js `js -cs /usnr/beh`ltl/ceon-gauot-eo

Gada sn pun`n lprngelr no cl sehuenotn edlhno;

Lotns `n nkngutlr ounstra nkndpca `nbndas abtnonr ounstrl lpceglgeao no uo .gclss
nkngutlo`a nc sehuenotn gadlo`a;

su`a klvlg -gclsspltm $ML@AAVQMA

$ML@AAVQMADN/smlrn/ml`aap
DN/smlrn/ml`aap/gaddao/ml`aap
/gaddao/ml`aap-gaddao-
-gaddao-
2.5.<.klr;$ML@AAVQMADN/sm
2.5.<.klr;$ML@ AAVQMADN/smlrn/ml`aap/gadd
lrn/ml`aap/gaddao/ceb/ml`aap-
ao/ceb/ml`aap-looatlteaos-
looatlteaos-
2.5.<.klr;$ML@AAVQMADN/smlrn/ml`aap/dlprn
2.5.<.klr;$ML@AAVQMADN/sm lrn/ml`aap/dlprn`ugn/ml`aap-d
`ugn/ml`aap-dlprn`ugn-gceno
lprn`ugn-gcenot-garn-
t-garn-
2.5.<.klr /madn/beh`ltl/d
/madn/beh`ltl/dlprn`ugn/CeonGa
lprn`ugn/CeonGauot.klvl
uot.klvl

^ol vnz abtnondas nc .gclss, hnonrlrndas nc .klr gao nc gadlo`a sehuenotn;

su`a klr gj CeonGauot.klr CeonGauot*.gclss

Ccnhl`as nstn puota, yl nstldas cestas plrl nkngutlr ounstra nkndpca. Vlrl ncca
clozlrndas nc sehuenotn gadlo`a;

ml`aap klr /madn/beh`ltl/d

/madn/beh`ltl/dlprn`ugn/Ceo
lprn`ugn/CeonGauot.klr
nGauot.klr CeonGauot ceon-gauot-eo/ ceon-gauot-
aut

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

26

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Ounstra nkndpca hnonrlrl `as jegmnras, plrl gadprablrca nkngutlrndas;

m`js `js -cs /usnr/beh`ltl/ceon-gauot-aut

/usnr/beh`ltl/ceon-gauot-aut

Nc jegmnra qun gaotenon nc rnsuctl`a ns "plrt-66666", plrl gaosuctlr su gaotnoe`a

nkngutlrndas;

m`js `js -glt /usnr/beh`ltl/ceon-gauot-aut/plrt-66666

/usnr/beh`ltl/ceon-gauot-aut/plrt-66666

<.8. Gaojehurlge÷o
 /ntg/ml`aap/gaoj/dlprn`-setn
 /ntg/ml`aap/gaoj/dlprn`-setn.xdc
.xdc

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

2<

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Vrapnrty   Zlcun  @nsgrepteao 

dlprn`ugn.dlp.dndary.db <620  #< Avnr lcc mnlp jar tmn

Dlppnrs tlsi 

dlprn`ugn.rn`ugn.dndary.db <620  #2 Avnr lcc mnlp jar tmn

Rn`ugnrs tlsi 

dlprn`ugn.dlp.klvl.apts  -]dx8>:d  Pmn mnlpsezn aj tmn kvd ‗

 ]dx jar tmn dlppnr tlsi
tlsi .=
aj #< 

dlprn`ugn.rn`ugn.klvl.apts  -]dx8>:d  Pmn mnlpsezn aj tmn kvd ‗

 ]dx jar tmn rn`ugnr
rn`ugnr tlsi .=
aj #2 

dlprn`ugn.rn`ugn.cah.cnvnc EOJA  cah0k cah cnvnc vlrelbcns

suppartn`  

dlprn`ugn.kabmestary.`aon-`er   /dr- Pmn caglteao es eo M`js 

mestary/`aon 

dlprn`ugn.smujjcn.part  <7>:2  Nosurn tmlt et es apno by

 jernwlcc 

ylro.lpp.dlprn`ugn.ld.stlheoh-`er   /usnr   Pmn caglteao es eo M`js 

dlprn`ugn.rn`ugn.smujjcn.plrlccncgapens  76   Wglcn tmes jar l muhn gcustnr  

dlprn`ugn.jrldnwari.oldn ylro  Blseg gaojehurlteao 

Vunrtas MPPV

Wnrvegea Dlp Vlrìdntra `n gaojehurlge÷o no nc Zlcar par `njngta

Rn`ugn jegmnra ylro-setn.xdc

Rnsaurgn Dlolhnr ylro.rnsaurgndlolhnr.wnbl

ylro.rnsaurgndlolhnr.wnblpp.l``rnss
pp.l``rnss =6==

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

22

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Kab Mestary Wnrvnr ylro.cah.snrvnr.urc

ylro.cah.snrvnr.urc <5===

Vunrtas EVG (Eotnrpragnss Gadduoeglteao)

Gadduoeglteao)
Cas ndpcnl nc Rnsaurgn Dlolhnr plrl novelr cas trlblkas

Wnrvegea Vlrìdntra `n gaojehurlge÷o no nc jegmnra Zlcar par `njngta

Dlp ylro-setn.xdc
Rn`ugn

Rnsaurgn ylro.rnsaurgndlolhnr.l``rnss =6>6

Dlolhnr

RD LVes ylro.rnsaurgndlolhnr.wnblpp.l``rnss =62>

wnblpp

RD ylro.rnsaurgndlolhnr.sgmn`ucnr.l``rnss =676
Wgmn`ucnr

Oa`n ylro.oa`ndlolhnr.l``rnss 0>0>0

Dlolhnr

RD L`deo ylro.rnsaurgndlolhnr.l`deo
ylro.rnsaurgndlolhnr.l`deo.l``rnss
.l``rnss =<0<

<.=. Dlp Rn`ugn gao Vytmao 

Grnldas uol glrpntl no cl

di`er /madn/beh`ltl/nk qun lcdlgnolrndas
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`u
ndpcasDlpRn`ugngn cas jegmnras `n dlpna y rn`ugge÷o
di`er /madn/beh`ltl/nk
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`u
ndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao
gn/pytmao
g` /madn/beh`ltl/nk
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ug
ndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao
n/pytmao

su`a oloa dlppnr.py

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

27

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 
#!/usr/beo/nov pytmao
#!/usr/beo/nov
edpart sys
# eoput gadns jrad WP@EO (stlo`lr` eoput)
jar ceon eo sys.st`eo;
# rndavn cnl`eoh lo` trleceoh wmetnsplgn

ceon 4 ceon.strep()
# spcetceon.strep( )
tmn ceon eota war`s
war`s 4 ceon.spcet()
# eogrnlsn gauotnrs
jar war` eo war`s;
# wretn tmn rnsucts ta WP@A^P (stlo`lr` autput)9
# wmlt wn autput mnrn wecc bn tmn eoput jar tmn
# Rn`ugn stnp, e.n. tmn eoput jar rn`ugnr.py
# tlb-`ncedetn`9 tmn trevelc war` gauot es <
preot '%sSt%s' % (war`, <)

Lseholdas cas pnrdesas `n nknguge÷o gao nc sehuenotn gaddlo`a

su`a gmda` +x /madn/beh`ltl/nk

/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ug
ndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/dlpp
n/pytmao/dlppnr.py
nr.py

su`a oloa rn`ugnr.py

#!/usr/beo/nov pytmao
#!/usr/beo/nov
jrad apnrltar edpart etndhnttnr
edpart sys

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

20

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 
gurrnotQwar` 4 Oaon
gurrnotQwar`
gurrnotQgauot 4 6
war` 4 Oaon
# eoput gadns jrad WP@EO
jar ceon eo sys.st`eo;

# rndavn
ceon cnl`eoh lo`
4 ceon.strep()
ceon.strep( ) trleceoh wmetnsplgn
# plrsn tmn eoput wn hat jrad dlppnr.py
war`, gauot 4 ceon.spcet('St', <)
# gaovnrt gauot (gurrnotcy l streoh) ta eot
try;
gauot 4 eot(gauot)
nxgnpt ZlcunNrrar;
# gauot wls oat l oudbnr, sa secnotcy ehoarn/`esglr` tmes
ceon
gaoteoun
# tmes EJ-swetgm aocy waris bnglusn Ml`aap sarts dlp autput by
iny (mnrn; war`) bnjarn et es plssn` ta tmn rn`ugnr
ej gurrnotQwar` 44 war`;
gurrnotQgauot +4 gauot
ncsn;
ej gurrnotQwar`;
# wretn rnsuct ta WP@A^P
preot '%sSt%s' % (gurrnotQwar`, gurrnotQgauot)
gurrnotQgauot
gurrnotQgau ot 4 gauot
gurrnotQwar` 4 war`
# `a oat jarhnt ta autput tmn clst war` ej onn`n`!
ej gurrnotQwar` 44 war`;
preot '%sSt%s' % (gurrnotQwar`, gurrnotQgauot)

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

2>

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Lseholdas cas pnrdesas `n nknguge÷o gao nc sehuenotn gadlo`a

su`a gmda` +x /madn/beh`ltl/nk
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ug
ndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/rn`ug
n/pytmao/rn`ugnr.py
nr.py

su`a lpt up`ltn

su`a lpt eostlcc pytmao2.8 pytmao-pep

^ol vnz jeolcezl`a nc pragnsa `n eostlclge÷o gadpravldas cl vnrse÷o `n Vytmao gao

 pytmao -Z

Gadprabldas qun juogeaolo gao uo nkndpca snogecca lc qun gaogltnoldas ar`nolge÷o

ar`nolge÷o
ngma "< 2 22 7 2 777 0 <" | /madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/dlppnr.py
/dlppnr.py
ngma "< 2 22 7 2 777 0 <" | /madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/d
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/dlppnr.py
lppnr.py | sart -
i<,<

Grnldas uoas jegmnras y cas subedas l uol ounvl nstrugturl no m`js

di`er /madn/beh`ltl/nk
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`u
ndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/wg-
gn/pytmao/wg-eo-caglc
eo-caglc
ngma "Mncca Xarc`. Byn Xarc`." ? /madn/beh`ltl/nk
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ug
ndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/wg
n/pytmao/wg-eo-
-eo-
caglc/l.txt
ngma "Mncca Ml`aap Haa`byn Ml`aap" ? /madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/w
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/wg-
g-
eo-caglc/b.txt

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

2:

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

Grnldas cl ounvl glrpntl no M@JW

m`js `js -di`er -p /usnr/beh`ltl/w

/usnr/beh`ltl/wg-eo-pytmao
g-eo-pytmao

Wubedas cas jegmnras

m`js `js -put /madn/beh`ltl/nk

/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ug
ndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/wg-e
n/pytmao/wg-eo-caglc/*
o-caglc/*
/usnr/beh`ltl/wg-eo-pytmao

ml`aap klr /madn/beh`ltl/ml`aap/smlrn/m

/madn/beh`ltl/ml`aap/smlrn/ml`aap/taacs/ceb/m
l`aap/taacs/ceb/ml`aap-strnldeoh-2.5
l`aap-strnldeoh-2.5.<.klr
.<.klr -
dlppnr /madn/beh`ltl/nkn
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ug
dpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/dlpp
n/pytmao/dlppnr.py
nr.py -rn`ugnr

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

28

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ugn/pytmao/rn`ugn
/madn/beh`ltl/nkndpcasDlpRn`ug r.py -eoput /usnr/beh`ltl/wg-eo-
n/pytmao/rn`ugnr.py
 pytmao/* -autput
-autput /usnr/beh`ltl/wg-autput-pytmao
/usnr/beh`ltl/wg-autput-pytmao

m`js `js -cs /usnr/beh`ltl/wg-autput-pytmao

/usnr/beh`ltl/wg-autput-pytmao

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns
 

2=

VRAHRLDL NKNG^PEZA NO BEH @LPL & @LPL WGENOGNW

Vlrlcncezlge÷o `n `ltas
 

m`js `js -glt /usnr/beh`ltl/wg-autput-pytmao/*

/usnr/beh`ltl/wg-autput-pytmao/*

NAE Nsguncl `n Arhloezlge÷o Eo`ustrelc mttp;//www.nae.ns  

mttp;//www.nae.ns