Do Now (Computers)

1. How do the structure/function of the

cell membrane compare to that of the cell
wall?
Share-Out
2 minutes
Homework
Review
 1.0×10%& '
Organelles
• Organelles are specialized structures within
a cell with a specific function
• Work together like a factory to keep cell
alive
Cellular Functions
1. Cellular Transport
2. Protein Synthesis
3. Energy Production
4. Metabolism
5. Cell Division
Cellular Functions
1. Cellular Transport
2. Protein Synthesis
3. Energy Production
4. Metabolism
5. Cell Division
Agenda
1. Do Now/Review Now
2. Mini-Lesson: Cellular Transport
3. Video
4. Share-Out
 AIM: To investigate how the
structure/function of the cell
membrane and cell wall relate to
active and passive transport
 ORGANELLES
Nucleus Cell Membrane Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic
Reticulum Cell Wall Vacuoles
Ribosomes Mitochondria Lysosome
Golgi Complex Chloroplasts Cytoskeleton
 ORGANELLES
Nucleus Cell Membrane Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic
Reticulum Cell Wall Vacuoles
Ribosomes Mitochondria Lysosome
Golgi Complex Chloroplasts Cytoskeleton
 Wonder
How can the cell exchange nutrients and
wastes with its environment?
Video
Wonder
How can the
cell exchange
nutrients and
wastes with its
environment?
 Wonder
How can cells exchange nutrients and wastes
with its environment?
VIRTUAL LAB
ACTIVITY
Virtual Lab Preview
1. Work in pairs to investigate the “Cell Defense”
interactive website.
2. Complete the activity sheet with evidence
from the virtual lab.
3. Key Vocabulary: diffusion, osmosis, active
transport, passive trasport
Virtual Lab Group Activity
1. Read the questions carefully.
2. Make sure you FULLY answer each
question with evidence from the virtual
lab activity.
3. When constructing your own definitions,
please be SPECIFIC!
Share-Out
2 minutes
CELL
MEMBRANE
Cell Membrane
• Structure:
– composed of phospholipids (hydrophobic
tail and hydrophilic head)
– has two layers: bilayer
– contains many membrane proteins
Key Term: Phospholipid Bilayer
• hydro = “water”
[ex: hydration]
• phobic = “afraid”
[ex: hemophobia,
arachnopobia]
• philic = “like”
[ex: extremophile]
Hydrophilic: likes water [faces extracellular fluids]
Hydrophobic: doesn’t like water [away from water]
Cell Membrane Function
• Structure: phospholipid bilayer
• Function: controls the exchange between
nutrients/waste with external environment
to maintain homeostasis
– semipermeable: allows some materials
through, but not others
Semipermeable
Function:
Allows
some
materials
through,
Phospholipid Bilayer
but not
others Membrane Proteins
Summary
Video
ALL ORGANISMS
HAVE A CELL
MEMBRANE.
Cell Wall
• Structure: Rigid wall present in
plants, fungi (eukaryotes) and
some bacteria (prokaryotes)
– made of cellulose (plants), chitin Plant Cell

(fungi), or peptidoglycan (bacteria)

• Function: supports cell
Function of Cell Walls:
Structural Support
 ONLY SOME
ORGANISMS (PLANTS,
FUNGI, BACTERIA)
HAVE A CELL WALL.
 Wonder
How does the cell wall compare to the cell
membrane?
Cell Wall
• Porous (allow nutrients to
pass)
– otherwise, plant cells can’t
exchange nutrients/waste with
the environment
• Thicker than cell membrane
INSIDE THE CELL…
Cytosol
• Structure: gelatinous nutrient-
rich fluid that fills cell
• Functions: bathes organelles and
provides a medium for
nutrients/waste to travel
around
 Cytosol: intracellular fluid

Cytoplasm: cytosol +
organelles (besides nucleus)
ALL ORGANISMS
HAVE CYTOSOL.
CELLULAR TRANSPORT
LIVE DEMO
Live Demo
1. Describe your observations.
2. Why did this happen?
Share-Out
2 minutes
Diffusion
• Phenomenon in which particles
(atoms and molecules) move from
areas of HIGH concentration to
LOW concentration.

High Particles
Concentration spreading out
Diffusion
• Particles spread
out and become
less concentrated.
Semipermeable
Allows
some
materials
through,
but not
Phospholipid Bilayer
others
Membrane Proteins
Diffusion Across a Membrane
• Small particles
Net movement is that particles enter the cell.
Extracellular Fluid Intracellular Fluid

(atoms &
molecules) can
pass right
through the cell
membrane
– O2, CO2, etc.
Osmosis
• Diffusion of water is
known as osmosis.
– water will move from a
place with a lot of water
to a place with very little water.
Video
Guiding Questions
1. What are the two types of transport across a
membrane? How are they different?
2. Why is ATP needed for some forms of
transport?
3. How is transport related to diffusion or
osmosis?
Guiding Questions

What are the two

types of
transport across
a membrane?
How are they
different?

Why is ATP
needed for some
forms of
transport?

How is transport
related to
diffusion or
osmosis?
Group Activity
Group Activity
1. Work together to investigate how cells
exchange nutrients and wastes with the
environment.
2. Fill out the worksheet.

https://biomanbio.com/HTML5GamesandLabs/Cellgames/celldefensehtml5page.html
PASSIVE vs. ACTIVE
TRANSPORT
Passive Transport
• Occurs when molecules
move across a membrane
down its concentration
gradient (high → low)
• Doesn’t require energy
(ATP)
Types of Passive Transport
• Diffusion
– osmosis: H2O moving
down concentration gradient
• Facilitated diffusion
– requires a “helper”
membrane protein
Cell Membrane
Transport Proteins (Helpers)

Many transport proteins are specific for one type of substance (glucose, water, sodium
ions, etc.)
Aquaporin Membrane Protein
Responsible for
the facilitated
transport of
water molecules
across the
membrane.
Active Transport
• Occurs when molecules move across a
membrane against its concentration
gradient (low → high)
• Requires energy (ATP)
Types of Active Transport
• Protein pumps
– sodium/potassium pump
– glucose pump
• Moving large particles
– endocytosis
– exocytosis
Sodium-
Potassium
Pump
Exocytosis
• “exo-” = “out”
• “cyto” = “cell”
• Sending materials to the
outside of the cell

Endocytosis
• “endo-” = “in”
• “cyto” = “cell”
• Taking materials into the
cell
Using Pseudopods for Endocytosis
• Amoeba can use their pseudopods to take
in food (endocytosis).
 Think-Jot-Pair-Share
Why might a cell want to expend energy just
to move particles across a membrane against
the concentration gradient?
Turn & Talk
2 minutes
Active Transport
• Used to store
molecules (e.g.
glucose) for later use.
• Used to maintain an
electrical potential
(nerve cells)
OSMOSIS
Osmosis
• Diffusion of water is
known as osmosis.
– water will move from a
place with a lot of water
to a place with very little water.
Group Activity
Group Activity
1. Work together to investigate how water
diffuses across the cell membrane if the
cell is placed in three different solutions.
Promethean Board
Activity
5 minutes
hyper = over; a lot; excess isos = equal; identical hypo = few; too little
Three Types of Solutions
• Hypertonic: high concentration of
dissolved substances, but low water
concentration (too little water)
• Isotonic: balanced concentration of
water and dissolved substances
• Hypotonic: low concentration of
dissolved substances, but high water
concentration (too much water)
 Turn & Talk
How do you think plant cells will respond to
this change in their external environment?
Osmosis in Animals & Plants
Turn & Talk
Compare how
osmosis affects
animal cells vs.
plant cells. What
structures
(organelles) do
plants have that
helps them survive?
Why?
Cell Wall & Central Vacuole
• Rigid cell wall in
plants prevents
bursting in
hypotonic
solution.
• Central vacuole
holds excess
water.
 Turgid: Wilted:
Lots of water present Low amount of water in the
in the central vacuole central vacuole
 EXIT TICKET (Post-It Note)
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Homework
1. Print out the notes and attach them to your
notebook.
2. Work on vocabulary study sheet.