COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIONS THAT GOVERNED THE

PHILIPPINES IN TERMS OF PROBLEMS ADDRESSED AND NOTABLE ACCOPLISHMENTS. 

ROXAS' REGIME
— The Roxas Administration (May 28, 1946 – April 15, 1948).
— He give an effort to solve the massive socio-economic problems of the period, President Roxas
reorganized the government, and proposed a wide-sweeping legislative program.
— Among the undertakings of the Third Republic’s here's are her work: 
•He establishes the Rehabilitation Finance Corporation (which would be reorganized in 1958 as the
Development Bank of the Philippines).
•Through Executive Order No. 18 it created the Department of Foreign Affair and the organization of
the foreign service.  
•The GI Bill of Rights for Filipino veterans created and the revision of taxation laws to
increase government revenues. 
•He moved to strengthen sovereignty by proposing a Central Bank for the Philippines to
administer the Philippine banking system which was established by Republic Act No.265. 

QUIRINO'S REGIME
— The Quirino Administration (April 17, 1948 – December 30, 1953), Quirino stated in his first State
of the Nation Address, he revolved around the  strengthening of all people confidence in the
government and the restoration of peace. 

• In order to achieve the people’s confidence in the government and the restoration of peace.
Chief Executive Elpidio Quirino travelled around the country to inspect firsthand the condition of the
nation. 
• President Quirino established the Action Committee on Social Amelioration through
Administrative Order No. 68, in order to efficiently promote the welfare of citizens in the rural
districts. 
• He established the Social Security Study Commission by virtue of Executive Order No. 150,
to investigate socio-economic problems of the working class and formulate legislation developing
social welfare. 
• The Labor Management Advisory Board, established by Executive Order No. 158, formulated  labor
policies and conducted studies on the ways and means of preventing, minimizing,  and reconciling
labor disputes.  
• The Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration, established by Republic Act. No.
821, assisted farmers in securing credit as well as developing cooperative associations to efficiently
market their agricultural commodities. 
• The Quirino administration reached out to the leaders and members of Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa
Hapon (HUKBALAHAP) and the Pambansang Kaisahan ng mga Magbubukid (PKM)
to negotiate peace and put an end to the insurgency.  
• President Ramon Magsaysay and President Quirino exerted efforts in reforming the
nation’s Armed Forces and promoting welfare of citizens in the rural areas through the
Economic Development Corps (EDCOR) and Land Settlement and Development
Corporation (LASEDECO).  

MAGSAYSAY'S REGIME
— Magsaysay Administration (December 30, 1953 – March 17, 1957). 
• In his first Executive Order, he established the Presidential Complaint and Action Commission,
which investigated various citizen complaints and recommended remedial actions through different
government agencies. 
• Magsaysay administration  accomplishment the Social Security Law of 1954 or Republic Act
No. 1161, an effort to solve the problems of communism and insurgency.
• He established the Presidential Complaint and Action Commission, which investigated
various citizen complaints and recommended remedial actions through different
government agencies. 
• Accomplishments of Magsaysay administration are the Social Security Law of 1954 or
Republic Act No. 1161 
• To help protect the local farmers, President Ramon Magsaysay enacted laws such as
the Agricultural Tenancy Act and the Land Reform Act of 1955. 

GARCIA'S REGIME
— Garcia Administration (March 18, 1957-  December 30, 1961).
• He help and support of the masses in accomplishing the tremendous responsibilities of the
presidency and in carrying on the legacy of the Magsaysay administration. 
• The Garcia administration promoted the “Filipino First” policy, whose focal point was to regain
economic independence; a national effort by Filipinos to “obtain major and dominant participation in
their economy.

•The administration campaigned for the citizens’ support in patronizing Filipino products
and services, and implemented import and currency controls favorable for Filipino industries. 
• The Anti Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, through Republic Act No. 301, aimed to
prevent corruption, and promote honesty and public trust. 
• The Bohlen–Serrano Agreement of 1959, which shortened the term of lease of the US
military  bases in the country from the previous 99 to 25 years. 

MACAPAGAL'S REGIME
— Macapagal Administration (December 30, 1961- December 30, 1965). 
• He reiterated his resolve to eradicate corruption, and assured the public that honesty
would prevail in his presidency. 
Laws passed during the Macapagal administration are: 
• Republic Act No. 3844 or the Agricultural Land Reform Code (an act that established the
Land Bank of the Philippines).  
• Republic Act No. 3466, which established the Emergency Employment Administration. 
• Republic Act No. 3518, which established the Philippine Veterans Bank. 
• Republic Act No. 3470, which established the National Cottage Industries Development
Authority (NACIDA) to organize, revive, and promote the establishment of local cottage industries.  
• Republic Act No. 4156, which established the Philippine National Railways (PNR) to operate
the national railroad and tramways. 
• The administration lifted the foreign exchange controls as part of the decontrol program in
an attempt to promote national economic stability and growth. 

MARCOS'S REGIME
— Marcos Administration (December 30, 1965 – February 25, 1986). 
• Prior to the events of Martial Law, the first term of the Marcos administration, as
emphasized in his inaugural address on December 30, 1965, focused on “the revival of
the greatness of the nation.”
• The country hosted the Manila Summit in 1966. That aimed to resolve the Vietnam War,
and sought the restoration of peace and the promotion of economic stability and
development throughout the Asia-Pacific region. 
Laws approved by President Marcos are: 
• Republic Act No. 5186 or the Investments Incentives Act 
• Republic Act No. 4864 or the Police Act of 1966 
• Republic Act No. 5173, which established the Philippine Coast Guard. 

CORAZON AQUINO'S REGIME

— Corazon Administration (1986–1992) .
• President Corazon Aquino immediately formed a revolutionary government to normalize
the situation, and provided for a transitional "Freedom Constitution" that restored civil liberties and
dismantled the heavily Marcos-ingrained bureaucracy— abolishing the Batasang Pambansa and
relieving all public officials.  
• The constitution crippled presidential power to declare martial law, proposed the creation
of  autonomous regions in the Cordilleras and Muslim Mindanao, and restored the presidential form
of government and the bicameral Congress. 

RAMOS' REGIME
— Ramos Administration  (1992–1998).
• President Ramos declared "national reconciliation" which is his highest priority.  
• He legalized the Communist Party and created the National Unification Commission (NUC) to
lay  the groundwork for talks with communist insurgents, Muslim separatists, and military  rebels. 
• He signed into law a general conditional amnesty covering all rebel groups, and Philippine  military
and police personnel accused of crimes committed while fighting the insurgents.  
• He was heavily criticized for passing an oil-deregulation law, thus inflating prices of
gasoline  products.  
• He was also criticized for alleged corruption in his handling of the Philippine Centennial  Exposition
and the PEA-AMARI land deal, in which Ramos allegedly received kickbacks amounting to millions of
pesos. 

ESTRADA'S REGIME
— Estrada Administration (1998-2001). 
• President Estrada declared an "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front
(MILF) after the worsening secessionist movement in Midanao the government later captured
46 MILF camps including the MILF's headquarters, Camp Abubakar. 
• There was a similar attempt to change the 1987 constitution. The process is termed
as CONCORD or Constitutional Correction for Development. 
 

ARROYO'S REGIME
— Arroyo Administration (2001-2010). 
• Arroyo currently spearheads a controversial plan for an overhaul of the constitution to
transform the present unitary and presidential republic with a bicameral legislature into a
federal parliamentary government with a unicameral legislature. 
• Arroyo's initial term in office was marked by fractious coalition politics as well as a
military mutiny in Manila in July 2003 that led her to declare a month-long nationwide state
of rebellion.  

BENIGNO (NOYNOY) AQUINO'S REGIME

— His administration's goal to attain inclusive economic growth, to strengthen the
agricultural  sector. Making more accessible to small farmers and fisherfolk to help the
improvement of  their productivity and the improvement of their household incomes. 
• He is setting up a "Truth Commission" to investigate allegations of corruption, poll fraud and  rights
abuses of the Arroyo administration. 
• He promised to fight corruption and poverty. Also, transform the government of the
country “from one that is self-serving to one that works for the welfare of the nation.” 
• The launch of Diwata-1 is considered as a milestone in the Aquino administration and in
the  country’s space technology. Diwata-1 also known as PHL-Microsat-1 was launched to
the International Space Station (ISS) on March 23, 2016. 
DUTERTE'S REGIME
— Duterte Administration  (2016 - 2022) 
• The administration of President Duterte  focuses on inclusive growth and reducing  income
inequality in our country.    
• Some of Duterte's achievements are War on drugs, Tax reform law, Universal Healthcare,
Free College Education, Aggressive infrastructure rates, Environmental policies and transportation. 
•  He sign the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act, which is a
legislation that aims to improve service delivery and  fight corruption. 
• Science and technology in the country scored another milestone with the signing of the
Balik  Scientist law by President Rodrigo Roa A. Duterte on 15 June 2018. Republic Act No. 11035,
also known as an “Act Institutionalizing the Balik Scientist Program,” would give more
incentives to returning Filipino experts, scientists, inventors, and engineers who  would share
their expertise in the country.